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Dissertation Structure & Layout 101: How to structure your dissertation, thesis or research project.

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) Reviewed By: David Phair (PhD) | July 2019

So, you’ve got a decent understanding of what a dissertation is , you’ve chosen your topic and hopefully you’ve received approval for your research proposal . Awesome! Now its time to start the actual dissertation or thesis writing journey.

To craft a high-quality document, the very first thing you need to understand is dissertation structure . In this post, we’ll walk you through the generic dissertation structure and layout, step by step. We’ll start with the big picture, and then zoom into each chapter to briefly discuss the core contents. If you’re just starting out on your research journey, you should start with this post, which covers the big-picture process of how to write a dissertation or thesis .

*The Caveat *

In this post, we’ll be discussing a traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout, which is generally used for social science research across universities, whether in the US, UK, Europe or Australia. However, some universities may have small variations on this structure (extra chapters, merged chapters, slightly different ordering, etc).

So, always check with your university if they have a prescribed structure or layout that they expect you to work with. If not, it’s safe to assume the structure we’ll discuss here is suitable. And even if they do have a prescribed structure, you’ll still get value from this post as we’ll explain the core contents of each section.  

Overview: S tructuring a dissertation or thesis

• Acknowledgements page
• Abstract (or executive summary)
• Table of contents , list of figures and tables
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Literature review
• Chapter 3: Methodology
• Chapter 4: Results
• Chapter 5: Discussion
• Chapter 6: Conclusion
• Reference list

As I mentioned, some universities will have slight variations on this structure. For example, they want an additional “personal reflection chapter”, or they might prefer the results and discussion chapter to be merged into one. Regardless, the overarching flow will always be the same, as this flow reflects the research process , which we discussed here – i.e.:

• The introduction chapter presents the core research question and aims .
• The literature review chapter assesses what the current research says about this question.
• The methodology, results and discussion chapters go about undertaking new research about this question.
• The conclusion chapter (attempts to) answer the core research question .

In other words, the dissertation structure and layout reflect the research process of asking a well-defined question(s), investigating, and then answering the question – see below.

To restate that – the structure and layout of a dissertation reflect the flow of the overall research process . This is essential to understand, as each chapter will make a lot more sense if you “get” this concept. If you’re not familiar with the research process, read this post before going further.

Right. Now that we’ve covered the big picture, let’s dive a little deeper into the details of each section and chapter. Oh and by the way, you can also grab our free dissertation/thesis template here to help speed things up.

The title page of your dissertation is the very first impression the marker will get of your work, so it pays to invest some time thinking about your title. But what makes for a good title? A strong title needs to be 3 things:

• Succinct (not overly lengthy or verbose)
• Specific (not vague or ambiguous)
• Representative of the research you’re undertaking (clearly linked to your research questions)

Typically, a good title includes mention of the following:

• The broader area of the research (i.e. the overarching topic)
• The specific focus of your research (i.e. your specific context)
• Indication of research design (e.g. quantitative , qualitative , or  mixed methods ).

For example:

A quantitative investigation [research design] into the antecedents of organisational trust [broader area] in the UK retail forex trading market [specific context/area of focus].

Again, some universities may have specific requirements regarding the format and structure of the title, so it’s worth double-checking expectations with your institution (if there’s no mention in the brief or study material).

Acknowledgements

This page provides you with an opportunity to say thank you to those who helped you along your research journey. Generally, it’s optional (and won’t count towards your marks), but it is academic best practice to include this.

So, who do you say thanks to? Well, there’s no prescribed requirements, but it’s common to mention the following people:

• Your dissertation supervisor or committee.
• Any professors, lecturers or academics that helped you understand the topic or methodologies.
• Any tutors, mentors or advisors.
• Your family and friends, especially spouse (for adult learners studying part-time).

There’s no need for lengthy rambling. Just state who you’re thankful to and for what (e.g. thank you to my supervisor, John Doe, for his endless patience and attentiveness) – be sincere. In terms of length, you should keep this to a page or less.

Abstract or executive summary

The dissertation abstract (or executive summary for some degrees) serves to provide the first-time reader (and marker or moderator) with a big-picture view of your research project. It should give them an understanding of the key insights and findings from the research, without them needing to read the rest of the report – in other words, it should be able to stand alone .

For it to stand alone, your abstract should cover the following key points (at a minimum):

• Your research questions and aims – what key question(s) did your research aim to answer?
• Your methodology – how did you go about investigating the topic and finding answers to your research question(s)?
• Your findings – following your own research, what did do you discover?
• Your conclusions – based on your findings, what conclusions did you draw? What answers did you find to your research question(s)?

So, in much the same way the dissertation structure mimics the research process, your abstract or executive summary should reflect the research process, from the initial stage of asking the original question to the final stage of answering that question.

In practical terms, it’s a good idea to write this section up last , once all your core chapters are complete. Otherwise, you’ll end up writing and rewriting this section multiple times (just wasting time). For a step by step guide on how to write a strong executive summary, check out this post .

Need a helping hand?

Table of contents

This section is straightforward. You’ll typically present your table of contents (TOC) first, followed by the two lists – figures and tables. I recommend that you use Microsoft Word’s automatic table of contents generator to generate your TOC. If you’re not familiar with this functionality, the video below explains it simply:

If you find that your table of contents is overly lengthy, consider removing one level of depth. Oftentimes, this can be done without detracting from the usefulness of the TOC.

Right, now that the “admin” sections are out of the way, its time to move on to your core chapters. These chapters are the heart of your dissertation and are where you’ll earn the marks. The first chapter is the introduction chapter – as you would expect, this is the time to introduce your research…

It’s important to understand that even though you’ve provided an overview of your research in your abstract, your introduction needs to be written as if the reader has not read that (remember, the abstract is essentially a standalone document). So, your introduction chapter needs to start from the very beginning, and should address the following questions:

• What will you be investigating (in plain-language, big picture-level)?
• Why is that worth investigating? How is it important to academia or business? How is it sufficiently original?
• What are your research aims and research question(s)? Note that the research questions can sometimes be presented at the end of the literature review (next chapter).
• What is the scope of your study? In other words, what will and won’t you cover ?
• How will you approach your research? In other words, what methodology will you adopt?
• How will you structure your dissertation? What are the core chapters and what will you do in each of them?

These are just the bare basic requirements for your intro chapter. Some universities will want additional bells and whistles in the intro chapter, so be sure to carefully read your brief or consult your research supervisor.

If done right, your introduction chapter will set a clear direction for the rest of your dissertation. Specifically, it will make it clear to the reader (and marker) exactly what you’ll be investigating, why that’s important, and how you’ll be going about the investigation. Conversely, if your introduction chapter leaves a first-time reader wondering what exactly you’ll be researching, you’ve still got some work to do.

Now that you’ve set a clear direction with your introduction chapter, the next step is the literature review . In this section, you will analyse the existing research (typically academic journal articles and high-quality industry publications), with a view to understanding the following questions:

• What does the literature currently say about the topic you’re investigating?
• Is the literature lacking or well established? Is it divided or in disagreement?
• How does your research fit into the bigger picture?
• How does your research contribute something original?
• How does the methodology of previous studies help you develop your own?

Depending on the nature of your study, you may also present a conceptual framework towards the end of your literature review, which you will then test in your actual research.

Again, some universities will want you to focus on some of these areas more than others, some will have additional or fewer requirements, and so on. Therefore, as always, its important to review your brief and/or discuss with your supervisor, so that you know exactly what’s expected of your literature review chapter.

Now that you’ve investigated the current state of knowledge in your literature review chapter and are familiar with the existing key theories, models and frameworks, its time to design your own research. Enter the methodology chapter – the most “science-ey” of the chapters…

In this chapter, you need to address two critical questions:

• Exactly HOW will you carry out your research (i.e. what is your intended research design)?
• Exactly WHY have you chosen to do things this way (i.e. how do you justify your design)?

Remember, the dissertation part of your degree is first and foremost about developing and demonstrating research skills . Therefore, the markers want to see that you know which methods to use, can clearly articulate why you’ve chosen then, and know how to deploy them effectively.

Importantly, this chapter requires detail – don’t hold back on the specifics. State exactly what you’ll be doing, with who, when, for how long, etc. Moreover, for every design choice you make, make sure you justify it.

In practice, you will likely end up coming back to this chapter once you’ve undertaken all your data collection and analysis, and revise it based on changes you made during the analysis phase. This is perfectly fine. Its natural for you to add an additional analysis technique, scrap an old one, etc based on where your data lead you. Of course, I’m talking about small changes here – not a fundamental switch from qualitative to quantitative, which will likely send your supervisor in a spin!

You’ve now collected your data and undertaken your analysis, whether qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. In this chapter, you’ll present the raw results of your analysis . For example, in the case of a quant study, you’ll present the demographic data, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics , etc.

Typically, Chapter 4 is simply a presentation and description of the data, not a discussion of the meaning of the data. In other words, it’s descriptive, rather than analytical – the meaning is discussed in Chapter 5. However, some universities will want you to combine chapters 4 and 5, so that you both present and interpret the meaning of the data at the same time. Check with your institution what their preference is.

Now that you’ve presented the data analysis results, its time to interpret and analyse them. In other words, its time to discuss what they mean, especially in relation to your research question(s).

What you discuss here will depend largely on your chosen methodology. For example, if you’ve gone the quantitative route, you might discuss the relationships between variables . If you’ve gone the qualitative route, you might discuss key themes and the meanings thereof. It all depends on what your research design choices were.

Most importantly, you need to discuss your results in relation to your research questions and aims, as well as the existing literature. What do the results tell you about your research questions? Are they aligned with the existing research or at odds? If so, why might this be? Dig deep into your findings and explain what the findings suggest, in plain English.

The final chapter – you’ve made it! Now that you’ve discussed your interpretation of the results, its time to bring it back to the beginning with the conclusion chapter . In other words, its time to (attempt to) answer your original research question s (from way back in chapter 1). Clearly state what your conclusions are in terms of your research questions. This might feel a bit repetitive, as you would have touched on this in the previous chapter, but its important to bring the discussion full circle and explicitly state your answer(s) to the research question(s).

Next, you’ll typically discuss the implications of your findings . In other words, you’ve answered your research questions – but what does this mean for the real world (or even for academia)? What should now be done differently, given the new insight you’ve generated?

Lastly, you should discuss the limitations of your research, as well as what this means for future research in the area. No study is perfect, especially not a Masters-level. Discuss the shortcomings of your research. Perhaps your methodology was limited, perhaps your sample size was small or not representative, etc, etc. Don’t be afraid to critique your work – the markers want to see that you can identify the limitations of your work. This is a strength, not a weakness. Be brutal!

This marks the end of your core chapters – woohoo! From here on out, it’s pretty smooth sailing.

The reference list is straightforward. It should contain a list of all resources cited in your dissertation, in the required format, e.g. APA , Harvard, etc.

It’s essential that you use reference management software for your dissertation. Do NOT try handle your referencing manually – its far too error prone. On a reference list of multiple pages, you’re going to make mistake. To this end, I suggest considering either Mendeley or Zotero. Both are free and provide a very straightforward interface to ensure that your referencing is 100% on point. I’ve included a simple how-to video for the Mendeley software (my personal favourite) below:

Some universities may ask you to include a bibliography, as opposed to a reference list. These two things are not the same . A bibliography is similar to a reference list, except that it also includes resources which informed your thinking but were not directly cited in your dissertation. So, double-check your brief and make sure you use the right one.

The very last piece of the puzzle is the appendix or set of appendices. This is where you’ll include any supporting data and evidence. Importantly, supporting is the keyword here.

Your appendices should provide additional “nice to know”, depth-adding information, which is not critical to the core analysis. Appendices should not be used as a way to cut down word count (see this post which covers how to reduce word count ). In other words, don’t place content that is critical to the core analysis here, just to save word count. You will not earn marks on any content in the appendices, so don’t try to play the system!

Time to recap…

And there you have it – the traditional dissertation structure and layout, from A-Z. To recap, the core structure for a dissertation or thesis is (typically) as follows:

• Acknowledgments page

Most importantly, the core chapters should reflect the research process (asking, investigating and answering your research question). Moreover, the research question(s) should form the golden thread throughout your dissertation structure. Everything should revolve around the research questions, and as you’ve seen, they should form both the start point (i.e. introduction chapter) and the endpoint (i.e. conclusion chapter).

I hope this post has provided you with clarity about the traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout. If you have any questions or comments, please leave a comment below, or feel free to get in touch with us. Also, be sure to check out the rest of the  Grad Coach Blog .

Psst... there’s more!

This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

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36 Comments

many thanks i found it very useful

Glad to hear that, Arun. Good luck writing your dissertation.

Such clear practical logical advice. I very much needed to read this to keep me focused in stead of fretting.. Perfect now ready to start my research!

what about scientific fields like computer or engineering thesis what is the difference in the structure? thank you very much

Thanks so much this helped me a lot!

Very helpful and accessible. What I like most is how practical the advice is along with helpful tools/ links.

Thanks Ade!

Thank you so much sir.. It was really helpful..

You’re welcome!

Hi! How many words maximum should contain the abstract?

Thank you so much 😊 Find this at the right moment

You’re most welcome. Good luck with your dissertation.

best ever benefit i got on right time thank you

Many times Clarity and vision of destination of dissertation is what makes the difference between good ,average and great researchers the same way a great automobile driver is fast with clarity of address and Clear weather conditions .

I guess Great researcher = great ideas + knowledge + great and fast data collection and modeling + great writing + high clarity on all these

You have given immense clarity from start to end.

Morning. Where will I write the definitions of what I’m referring to in my report?

Thank you so much Derek, I was almost lost! Thanks a tonnnn! Have a great day!

Thanks ! so concise and valuable

This was very helpful. Clear and concise. I know exactly what to do now.

Thank you for allowing me to go through briefly. I hope to find time to continue.

Really useful to me. Thanks a thousand times

Very interesting! It will definitely set me and many more for success. highly recommended.

Thank you soo much sir, for the opportunity to express my skills

Usefull, thanks a lot. Really clear

Very nice and easy to understand. Thank you .

That was incredibly useful. Thanks Grad Coach Crew!

My stress level just dropped at least 15 points after watching this. Just starting my thesis for my grad program and I feel a lot more capable now! Thanks for such a clear and helpful video, Emma and the GradCoach team!

Do we need to mention the number of words the dissertation contains in the main document?

It depends on your university’s requirements, so it would be best to check with them 🙂

Such a helpful post to help me get started with structuring my masters dissertation, thank you!

Great video; I appreciate that helpful information

It is so necessary or avital course

This blog is very informative for my research. Thank you

Doctoral students are required to fill out the National Research Council’s Survey of Earned Doctorates

wow this is an amazing gain in my life

This is so good

How can i arrange my specific objectives in my dissertation?

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Home » Dissertation – Format, Example and Template

Dissertation – Format, Example and Template

Table of Contents

Dissertation

Definition:

Dissertation is a lengthy and detailed academic document that presents the results of original research on a specific topic or question. It is usually required as a final project for a doctoral degree or a master’s degree.

Dissertation Meaning in Research

In Research , a dissertation refers to a substantial research project that students undertake in order to obtain an advanced degree such as a Ph.D. or a Master’s degree.

Dissertation typically involves the exploration of a particular research question or topic in-depth, and it requires students to conduct original research, analyze data, and present their findings in a scholarly manner. It is often the culmination of years of study and represents a significant contribution to the academic field.

Types of Dissertation

Types of Dissertation are as follows:

Empirical Dissertation

An empirical dissertation is a research study that uses primary data collected through surveys, experiments, or observations. It typically follows a quantitative research approach and uses statistical methods to analyze the data.

Non-Empirical Dissertation

A non-empirical dissertation is based on secondary sources, such as books, articles, and online resources. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as content analysis or discourse analysis.

Narrative Dissertation

A narrative dissertation is a personal account of the researcher’s experience or journey. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as interviews, focus groups, or ethnography.

Systematic Literature Review

A systematic literature review is a comprehensive analysis of existing research on a specific topic. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as meta-analysis or thematic analysis.

Case Study Dissertation

A case study dissertation is an in-depth analysis of a specific individual, group, or organization. It typically follows a qualitative research approach and uses methods such as interviews, observations, or document analysis.

Mixed-Methods Dissertation

A mixed-methods dissertation combines both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to gather and analyze data. It typically uses methods such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups, as well as statistical analysis.

How to Write a Dissertation

Here are some general steps to help guide you through the process of writing a dissertation:

• Choose a topic : Select a topic that you are passionate about and that is relevant to your field of study. It should be specific enough to allow for in-depth research but broad enough to be interesting and engaging.
• Conduct research : Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic, utilizing a variety of sources, including books, academic journals, and online databases. Take detailed notes and organize your information in a way that makes sense to you.
• Create an outline : Develop an outline that will serve as a roadmap for your dissertation. The outline should include the introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
• Write the introduction: The introduction should provide a brief overview of your topic, the research questions, and the significance of the study. It should also include a clear thesis statement that states your main argument.
• Write the literature review: The literature review should provide a comprehensive analysis of existing research on your topic. It should identify gaps in the research and explain how your study will fill those gaps.
• Write the methodology: The methodology section should explain the research methods you used to collect and analyze data. It should also include a discussion of any limitations or weaknesses in your approach.
• Write the results: The results section should present the findings of your research in a clear and organized manner. Use charts, graphs, and tables to help illustrate your data.
• Write the discussion: The discussion section should interpret your results and explain their significance. It should also address any limitations of the study and suggest areas for future research.
• Write the conclusion: The conclusion should summarize your main findings and restate your thesis statement. It should also provide recommendations for future research.
• Edit and revise: Once you have completed a draft of your dissertation, review it carefully to ensure that it is well-organized, clear, and free of errors. Make any necessary revisions and edits before submitting it to your advisor for review.

Dissertation Format

The format of a dissertation may vary depending on the institution and field of study, but generally, it follows a similar structure:

• Title Page: This includes the title of the dissertation, the author’s name, and the date of submission.
• Abstract : A brief summary of the dissertation’s purpose, methods, and findings.
• Table of Contents: A list of the main sections and subsections of the dissertation, along with their page numbers.
• Introduction : A statement of the problem or research question, a brief overview of the literature, and an explanation of the significance of the study.
• Literature Review : A comprehensive review of the literature relevant to the research question or problem.
• Methodology : A description of the methods used to conduct the research, including data collection and analysis procedures.
• Results : A presentation of the findings of the research, including tables, charts, and graphs.
• Discussion : A discussion of the implications of the findings, their significance in the context of the literature, and limitations of the study.
• Conclusion : A summary of the main points of the study and their implications for future research.
• References : A list of all sources cited in the dissertation.
• Appendices : Additional materials that support the research, such as data tables, charts, or transcripts.

Dissertation Outline

Dissertation Outline is as follows:

Title Page:

• Title of dissertation
• Author name
• Institutional affiliation
• Date of submission
• Brief summary of the dissertation’s research problem, objectives, methods, findings, and implications
• Usually around 250-300 words

Table of Contents:

• List of chapters and sections in the dissertation, with page numbers for each

I. Introduction

• Background and context of the research
• Research problem and objectives
• Significance of the research

II. Literature Review

• Overview of existing literature on the research topic
• Identification of gaps in the literature
• Theoretical framework and concepts

III. Methodology

• Research design and methods used
• Data collection and analysis techniques
• Ethical considerations

IV. Results

• Presentation and analysis of data collected
• Findings and outcomes of the research
• Interpretation of the results

V. Discussion

• Discussion of the results in relation to the research problem and objectives
• Evaluation of the research outcomes and implications
• Suggestions for future research

VI. Conclusion

• Summary of the research findings and outcomes
• Implications for the research topic and field
• Limitations and recommendations for future research

VII. References

• List of sources cited in the dissertation

VIII. Appendices

• Additional materials that support the research, such as tables, figures, or questionnaires.

Example of Dissertation

Here is an example Dissertation for students:

Title : Exploring the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Academic Achievement and Well-being among College Students

This dissertation aims to investigate the impact of mindfulness meditation on the academic achievement and well-being of college students. Mindfulness meditation has gained popularity as a technique for reducing stress and enhancing mental health, but its effects on academic performance have not been extensively studied. Using a randomized controlled trial design, the study will compare the academic performance and well-being of college students who practice mindfulness meditation with those who do not. The study will also examine the moderating role of personality traits and demographic factors on the effects of mindfulness meditation.

Chapter Outline:

Chapter 1: Introduction

• Background and rationale for the study
• Research questions and objectives
• Significance of the study
• Overview of the dissertation structure

Chapter 2: Literature Review

• Definition and conceptualization of mindfulness meditation
• Theoretical framework of mindfulness meditation
• Empirical research on mindfulness meditation and academic achievement
• Empirical research on mindfulness meditation and well-being
• The role of personality and demographic factors in the effects of mindfulness meditation

Chapter 3: Methodology

• Research design and hypothesis
• Participants and sampling method
• Intervention and procedure
• Measures and instruments
• Data analysis method

Chapter 4: Results

• Descriptive statistics and data screening
• Analysis of main effects
• Analysis of moderating effects
• Post-hoc analyses and sensitivity tests

Chapter 5: Discussion

• Summary of findings
• Implications for theory and practice
• Limitations and directions for future research
• Conclusion and contribution to the literature

Chapter 6: Conclusion

• Recap of the research questions and objectives
• Summary of the key findings
• Contribution to the literature and practice
• Implications for policy and practice
• Final thoughts and recommendations.

References :

List of all the sources cited in the dissertation

Appendices :

Additional materials such as the survey questionnaire, interview guide, and consent forms.

Note : This is just an example and the structure of a dissertation may vary depending on the specific requirements and guidelines provided by the institution or the supervisor.

How Long is a Dissertation

The length of a dissertation can vary depending on the field of study, the level of degree being pursued, and the specific requirements of the institution. Generally, a dissertation for a doctoral degree can range from 80,000 to 100,000 words, while a dissertation for a master’s degree may be shorter, typically ranging from 20,000 to 50,000 words. However, it is important to note that these are general guidelines and the actual length of a dissertation can vary widely depending on the specific requirements of the program and the research topic being studied. It is always best to consult with your academic advisor or the guidelines provided by your institution for more specific information on dissertation length.

Applications of Dissertation

Here are some applications of a dissertation:

• Advancing the Field: Dissertations often include new research or a new perspective on existing research, which can help to advance the field. The results of a dissertation can be used by other researchers to build upon or challenge existing knowledge, leading to further advancements in the field.
• Career Advancement: Completing a dissertation demonstrates a high level of expertise in a particular field, which can lead to career advancement opportunities. For example, having a PhD can open doors to higher-paying jobs in academia, research institutions, or the private sector.
• Publishing Opportunities: Dissertations can be published as books or journal articles, which can help to increase the visibility and credibility of the author’s research.
• Personal Growth: The process of writing a dissertation involves a significant amount of research, analysis, and critical thinking. This can help students to develop important skills, such as time management, problem-solving, and communication, which can be valuable in both their personal and professional lives.
• Policy Implications: The findings of a dissertation can have policy implications, particularly in fields such as public health, education, and social sciences. Policymakers can use the research to inform decision-making and improve outcomes for the population.

When to Write a Dissertation

Here are some situations where writing a dissertation may be necessary:

• Pursuing a Doctoral Degree: Writing a dissertation is usually a requirement for earning a doctoral degree, so if you are interested in pursuing a doctorate, you will likely need to write a dissertation.
• Conducting Original Research : Dissertations require students to conduct original research on a specific topic. If you are interested in conducting original research on a topic, writing a dissertation may be the best way to do so.
• Advancing Your Career: Some professions, such as academia and research, may require individuals to have a doctoral degree. Writing a dissertation can help you advance your career by demonstrating your expertise in a particular area.
• Contributing to Knowledge: Dissertations are often based on original research that can contribute to the knowledge base of a field. If you are passionate about advancing knowledge in a particular area, writing a dissertation can help you achieve that goal.
• Meeting Academic Requirements : If you are a graduate student, writing a dissertation may be a requirement for completing your program. Be sure to check with your academic advisor to determine if this is the case for you.

Purpose of Dissertation

some common purposes of a dissertation include:

• To contribute to the knowledge in a particular field : A dissertation is often the culmination of years of research and study, and it should make a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge in a particular field.
• To demonstrate mastery of a subject: A dissertation requires extensive research, analysis, and writing, and completing one demonstrates a student’s mastery of their subject area.
• To develop critical thinking and research skills : A dissertation requires students to think critically about their research question, analyze data, and draw conclusions based on evidence. These skills are valuable not only in academia but also in many professional fields.
• To demonstrate academic integrity: A dissertation must be conducted and written in accordance with rigorous academic standards, including ethical considerations such as obtaining informed consent, protecting the privacy of participants, and avoiding plagiarism.
• To prepare for an academic career: Completing a dissertation is often a requirement for obtaining a PhD and pursuing a career in academia. It can demonstrate to potential employers that the student has the necessary skills and experience to conduct original research and make meaningful contributions to their field.
• To develop writing and communication skills: A dissertation requires a significant amount of writing and communication skills to convey complex ideas and research findings in a clear and concise manner. This skill set can be valuable in various professional fields.
• To demonstrate independence and initiative: A dissertation requires students to work independently and take initiative in developing their research question, designing their study, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. This demonstrates to potential employers or academic institutions that the student is capable of independent research and taking initiative in their work.
• To contribute to policy or practice: Some dissertations may have a practical application, such as informing policy decisions or improving practices in a particular field. These dissertations can have a significant impact on society, and their findings may be used to improve the lives of individuals or communities.
• To pursue personal interests: Some students may choose to pursue a dissertation topic that aligns with their personal interests or passions, providing them with the opportunity to delve deeper into a topic that they find personally meaningful.

Advantage of Dissertation

Some advantages of writing a dissertation include:

• Developing research and analytical skills: The process of writing a dissertation involves conducting extensive research, analyzing data, and presenting findings in a clear and coherent manner. This process can help students develop important research and analytical skills that can be useful in their future careers.
• Demonstrating expertise in a subject: Writing a dissertation allows students to demonstrate their expertise in a particular subject area. It can help establish their credibility as a knowledgeable and competent professional in their field.
• Contributing to the academic community: A well-written dissertation can contribute new knowledge to the academic community and potentially inform future research in the field.
• Improving writing and communication skills : Writing a dissertation requires students to write and present their research in a clear and concise manner. This can help improve their writing and communication skills, which are essential for success in many professions.
• Increasing job opportunities: Completing a dissertation can increase job opportunities in certain fields, particularly in academia and research-based positions.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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Writing a thesis or dissertation is a significant academic endeavor that requires careful planning, organization, and attention to detail. Whether you’re just starting your journey or in the midst of writing, having the right resources and guidance can make a substantial difference. This blog post will guide you through various aspects of thesis and dissertation writing, incorporating insights from Academia Insider to provide a comprehensive understanding of what to expect and how to succeed.

Understanding Key Components

Abstracts and introductions.

The abstract and introduction are critical parts of your thesis or dissertation. Learn the differences and how to write them effectively with Abstract vs. Introduction .

Writing Acknowledgements

Expressing gratitude in your thesis is essential. For examples and tips on crafting meaningful acknowledgements, refer to Acknowledgements for Thesis Examples and How to Write Acknowledgements in a Thesis or Dissertation .

Tools and Techniques

Best tools for writing.

Using the right tools can streamline your writing process. Check out Best Tools for Thesis Writing for a list of essential academic writing tools.

Crafting a Thesis Statement

A strong thesis statement is the backbone of your research. Can it be a question? Find out in Can a Thesis Statement Be a Question? .

Dissertation Length

Understanding the expected length of your dissertation is crucial. Learn more about typical lengths with How Long is a PhD Dissertation? and How Long is a Thesis or Dissertation? .

Literature Review

A well-crafted literature review is foundational to your thesis. Discover how to write and structure it properly with How Long Should a Literature Review Be? , Literature Review Outline , and Literature Synthesis .

Structuring Your Thesis

Writing and formatting.

Proper formatting is essential for a professional presentation. Get tips on various formatting styles with How to Write and Format a Research Paper .

Thesis Introduction

The introduction sets the stage for your research. Learn how to craft an engaging and informative introduction with How to Write a Thesis Introduction Chapter .

Research and Writing Techniques

Theoretical research.

If your research is theoretical, check out How to Write a Theoretical Research Paper for tips and examples.

Outlining and Structuring

Creating outlines.

A clear outline helps organize your thoughts and structure your writing. Explore Outline Template for Research Paper and Step-by-Step Guide to Write Your Thesis Outline for practical templates and examples.

Efficient Writing Strategies

Completing your thesis quickly.

Time management is critical. If you’re on a tight schedule, How to Write a Master’s Thesis in 2 Months offers practical steps to expedite the writing process.

Inspiration and Excellence

Best thesis examples.

Looking for inspiration? Review examples of outstanding theses with The Best PhD Thesis to understand what excellence looks like.

Writing a thesis or dissertation is a challenging but rewarding process. With the right guidance, tools, and strategies, you can navigate this journey successfully. For more detailed advice and resources, be sure to visit Academia Insider. Good luck with your writing!

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Crafting a Winning Dissertation Proposal: Step-by-Step Guide and Expert Tips

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Before embarking on the journey of writing a dissertation, every graduate student must first navigate the crucial step of crafting a dissertation proposal. A well-written proposal serves as a roadmap for your research journey, outlining the scope, objectives, and methodology of your study. In this article, we’ll provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to write a dissertation proposal that impresses your admissions tutors and lays the foundation for a successful research endeavour.

Understanding the Importance of a Dissertation Proposal

A dissertation proposal is a formal document that outlines the rationale, objectives, methodology, and significance of your research project. It serves several key purposes:

• Clarifying Research Objectives: A proposal helps you define the scope and objectives of your research, ensuring clarity and focus throughout the dissertation process.
• Seeking Approval: It serves as a formal request for approval from your academic advisor or dissertation committee, demonstrating that your research idea is feasible and worthy of pursuit.
• Securing Funding: For some students, a well-crafted proposal may also serve as a basis for securing research funding or grants to support their project.

How to Write a Dissertation Proposal: Step-by-Step Guide

1. introduction.

• Background and Context: Provide a brief overview of the research topic, highlighting its relevance and significance within the broader academic field.
• Research Problem: Clearly state the research problem or question that your dissertation will address, highlighting its importance and potential contribution to the field.

2. Literature Review

• Review of Existing Literature: Conduct a comprehensive review of relevant literature, identifying key theories, concepts, and previous studies related to your research topic.
• Identify Gaps: Highlight gaps or unresolved issues in the existing literature that your research aims to address, emphasising the novelty and originality of your study.

3. Research Methodology

• Research Design: Describe the research design and methodology you plan to employ in your study, including data collection methods, sample selection, and data analysis techniques.
• Justification: Provide a rationale for your chosen methodology, explaining why it is appropriate and suitable for addressing your research objectives.

4. Research Objectives and Hypotheses

• Objectives: Clearly state the specific objectives or aims of your research, outlining what you hope to achieve through your study.
• Hypotheses: If applicable, present any hypotheses or research questions that will guide your investigation and analysis.

5. Significance and Expected Outcomes

• Significance: Discuss the potential significance and implications of your research findings, highlighting how they contribute to the advancement of knowledge in your field.
• Expected Outcomes: Outline the expected outcomes or findings of your study, based on your research objectives and hypotheses.

6. Timeline and Resources

• Timeline: Provide a proposed timeline or schedule for completing your dissertation, including key milestones such as data collection, analysis, and writing.
• Resources: Identify any resources or support you will need to carry out your research, such as access to archives, funding, or specialised equipment.

Key Considerations for a Dissertation Proposal

Length: A dissertation proposal typically ranges from 1000 to 2000 words, but the exact length may vary depending on your institution’s guidelines and the complexity of your research.

Clarity and Coherence : Ensure that your proposal is well-organised, coherent, and easy to follow, with clear headings and subheadings that guide the reader through each section.

Alignment with Guidelines: Familiarise yourself with your institution’s specific guidelines and requirements for dissertation proposals, including formatting, citation style, and submission deadlines.

Seeking Help with Your Dissertation Proposal

Crafting a compelling dissertation proposal is a critical step in the research process, laying the groundwork for your future dissertation and demonstrating your readiness to undertake scholarly inquiry. By following the step-by-step guide outlined in this article and seeking support when needed, you can create a well-crafted proposal that sets the stage for a successful research journey and ultimately contributes to the advancement of knowledge in your field.

If you need assistance with writing your dissertation proposal, don’t hesitate to seek help from your academic advisor, faculty mentors, or professional dissertation writing services. They can provide valuable guidance, feedback, and support throughout the proposal-writing process, helping you refine your ideas and ensure that your proposal meets the highest standards of academic excellence.

Have you written a draft of your dissertation proposal and need a second pair of eyes? We can help. Our expert academic editors know what it takes to write a good proposal and can review your document to ensure clarity, coherence, and adherence to academic standards. Let us assist you in presenting your research in the best possible light.

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5 Tips Before You Publish Your Dissertation

5 essential tips for graduate students to prepare their dissertations for publication, from conducting a literature review to meeting requirements.

Kate Windsor

Jun 11, 2024

Publishing a dissertation is a significant milestone for any graduate student. It marks the culmination of years of hard work, research, and dedication. However, before submitting your dissertation for publication, there are several essential steps you should take to ensure that your work is polished, error-free, and meets the requirements of your chosen journal or publisher.

In this article, we'll explore five crucial tips that every graduate student should follow before publishing their dissertation.

Dissertation Writing Essentials

Conduct a thorough literature review.

A comprehensive literature review is a critical component of any dissertation. It provides a foundation for your research by summarizing and synthesizing existing knowledge in your field. Conducting a thorough literature review involves identifying relevant sources, critically analyzing their content, and synthesizing the information to identify gaps in current research.

By doing so, you can establish a strong theoretical framework for your dissertation and demonstrate your ability to engage with complex ideas and concepts.

To conduct a successful literature review, start by defining your research question and identifying key search terms. Use academic databases and search engines to find relevant books, articles, and other sources. As you read, take detailed notes and organize your findings by theme or topic.

Remember to evaluate the quality and relevance of each source and consider how it contributes to your central argument.

Crafting Your Writing Style

Develop a clear and concise writing style.

A well-written dissertation chapter is essential for effectively communicating your research findings to your target audience. Developing a clear and concise book writing style involves using proper sentence structure, avoiding jargon and technical language, and organizing your ideas in a logical and coherent manner.

When engaging in academic writing, it's crucial to keep your writing style in mind to ensure that your dissertation is accessible and engaging to your readers.

When writing your dissertation chapter, aim for clarity and simplicity. Use short, direct sentences and avoid using unnecessary words or phrases. Break up long paragraphs into shorter, more manageable sections, and use headings and subheadings to guide your reader through your argument.

By adopting a clear and concise writing style, you can make your dissertation chapter more readable and easier to understand, even for readers who may not be experts in your field.

It's also essential to ensure that your academic writing is free of grammatical and punctuation errors. Consider using a grammar checker or asking a friend or colleague to proofread your work. Remember, a poorly written dissertation chapter can undermine the credibility of your research, so take the time to refine your writing style before submitting your work for publication.

By paying attention to your writing style and ensuring that your dissertation chapter is error-free, you can demonstrate your commitment to producing high-quality academic writing that effectively communicates your research findings.

Understanding Academic Publishing

Familiarize yourself with academic publishing guidelines

Academic publishing guidelines vary depending on the journal or publisher you choose. However, understanding the basics of academic publishing can help streamline the publishing process and increase your chances of success.

When preparing your dissertation for publication, it's essential to familiarize yourself with the conventions of your field, including the structure of journal articles and the use of qualitative research methods.

Start by researching the submission guidelines for your target journal or publisher. Pay attention to details such as word count, formatting requirements, and citation style. Some publications may also have specific requirements for the structure of your manuscript, such as the order of sections or the inclusion of particular elements like an abstract or keywords. Understanding these guidelines is crucial when preparing a book proposal or manuscript for academic publishing.

It's also essential to understand the conventions of your field, such as the use of qualitative or quantitative research methods, the structure of journal articles, and the expectations for data analysis and interpretation. For example, if you're preparing a book proposal for academic publishing, you may need to include a detailed outline of your manuscript, a sample chapter, and a description of your target audience.

By familiarizing yourself with these conventions, you can ensure that your dissertation meets the standards of your academic community and increases your chances of successful publication in academic publishing outlets, such as scholarly journal articles or academic books.

Easily pronounces technical words in any field

When preparing your manuscript for academic publishing, it's important to keep in mind that the structure and content of journal articles can vary significantly depending on your field and the specific journal you're targeting. Some journals may require a specific format for the abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections, while others may have more flexible guidelines.

By researching the requirements of your target journal and understanding the conventions of journal articles in your field, you can tailor your manuscript to meet the expectations of academic publishing and increase your chances of acceptance.

Similarly, if you're preparing a book proposal for academic publishing , it's important to understand the expectations of publishers in your field. This may include providing a detailed overview of your manuscript, outlining the key arguments and contributions of your work, and demonstrating how your book fits into the broader landscape of academic publishing.

By crafting a compelling book proposal that meets the standards of academic publishing, you can increase your chances of securing a publishing contract and sharing your research with a wider audience.

Edit and proofread your dissertation carefully

Editing and proofreading are critical steps in the dissertation writing process. They involve reviewing your work for clarity, coherence, and consistency, and making revisions as necessary to improve the overall quality of your manuscript and avoid unnecessary re writing.

When you are at the editing portion of your dissertation writing process, focus on the big picture elements such as the structure of your argument, the flow of your ideas, and the clarity of your writing. Look for opportunities to streamline your prose, eliminate redundancies, and ensure that your ideas are presented in a logical and coherent manner.

Once you've finished editing, it's time to proofread your work for errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling. Read your dissertation carefully, line by line, and consider using a spelling and grammar checker to catch any mistakes you may have missed.

It's also a good idea to seek feedback from your supervisor, committee members, or a professional editor or proofreader. Fresh eyes can help identify areas for improvement and ensure that your dissertation writing is polished and ready for publication.

Preparing for Submission

Ensure your dissertation meets the requirements

Before submitting your dissertation for publication, it's crucial to ensure that it meets all the necessary requirements. This includes formatting your book manuscript according to the guidelines provided by your chosen journal or publisher, ensuring that your abstract and keywords are accurate and informative, and preparing a cover letter or other materials as required.

When preparing your book manuscript for publication, pay close attention to details such as page numbering, heading styles, and citation format. Many publications have strict guidelines for these elements, and failing to follow them can result in your manuscript being rejected outright.

By carefully reviewing and adhering to these guidelines, you can ensure that your book manuscript meets the requirements of the publishing process and increases your chances of acceptance.

It's also essential to ensure that your dissertation is free of plagiarism and that all sources are properly cited. Consider using a plagiarism checker to identify any potential issues and make sure to review your work carefully to ensure that all sources are accurately referenced.

This is a critical step in the book publication process, as plagiarism can lead to serious consequences and damage your reputation as a researcher.

Before submitting your dissertation for book publication, take the time to review the submission guidelines carefully. Make sure you have included all required materials, such as a cover letter, author bio, or acknowledgments, and that your book manuscript is submitted in the correct format and through the appropriate channels.

By thoroughly reviewing the submission guidelines and ensuring that your manuscript meets all the necessary requirements, you can streamline the publishing process and increase your chances of successful book publication.

Remember, the book publication process can be complex and time-consuming, but by taking the time to carefully prepare your book manuscript and follow the submission guidelines, you can navigate the process successfully and share your research with a wider audience.

Whether you're submitting your dissertation to a scholarly press or exploring other book publication options, ensuring that your manuscript meets the necessary requirements is a critical step in the publishing process.

With careful preparation and attention to detail, you can successfully navigate the publishing process and share your research with the wider academic community.

Publishing your dissertation is a significant milestone that reflects years of hard work, dedication, and intellectual growth. By following these five essential tips – conducting a thorough literature review, developing a clear and concise writing style, understanding academic publishing guidelines, editing and proofreading carefully, and ensuring your manuscript meets all submission requirements – you can enhance the quality and impact of your final publication.

Whether you're submitting to a scholarly journal or exploring book publication options, attention to detail and adherence to guidelines are crucial for success in the competitive world of academic publishing.

Ultimately, publishing your dissertation is not just a personal achievement; it's a contribution to the collective knowledge and understanding of your field. By sharing your research with the wider academic community, you have the opportunity to spark new ideas, inspire further research, and make a lasting impact on your discipline.

As you embark on this exciting new chapter, approach the publishing process with diligence, patience, and a commitment to excellence, knowing that your hard work and dedication will pay off in the form of a successfully published dissertation that showcases your expertise and advances your academic career.

Dissertation Submission Requirements

How to Publish Your Dissertation

Preparing Your Dissertation for Publication

Dissertation Writing Best Practices

Academic Publishing Guidelines

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Making it Better for Queer Youth

This dissertation explores the discourse of queer youth as it has emerged as a distinct identity category in the U.S. from the late 1980's onwards. During this time, queer young people have come to be treated as a unique population and, particularly, as an "at-risk" population demanding study and intervention across the Social Sciences (e.g. in Psychology, Social Work and Education) as well as outside academia, most notably in the media. Similar to discourses about lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people (LGBTQ) generally, the discourse of queer youth has been profoundly shaped by a cultural politics structured through the metaphor of invisibility. My focus in this project is to look specifically at discourses of visibility as empowerment in order to better understand how the identities of LGBTQ youth are being defined within contemporary dominant discourses in the U.S.A. Given the higher incidence of suicide among LGBTQ young people, the dominant discourses in academia and media most commonly engage rhetorics of empowerment aimed at supporting and even 'saving' queer youth. While sharing these goals, I argue that the rhetorics of visibility and empowerment presented to young people are troubling in their use of narrow versions of American liberal individualism that are often indistinct from, and/or aligned with, neoliberal ideologies that render invisible the material social differences and inequalities that shape the lives of many young people. In pursuing this critique, I examine the discourse of queer youth in three specific discourse domains. First, I examine the epistemological frameworks in the discourse in the emerging field of Social Science research on queer youth over the last 30 years. Second, in the first of two case studies, I examine the rhetorics of empowerment in three large-scale media projects aimed at queer young people in the U.S.A. over the last fifteen years: XY, Young Gay American (YGA), and the It Gets Better project. Lastly, in a second case study I turn to photovoice, a community-based participatory research method in which I ask how, if given the tools, would queer young people visualize themselves and their communities.

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Home > ENGINEERING > CIVILENGINEERING > Civil Engineering Dissertations > 139

Civil Engineering Dissertations

Chemical stabilization of expansive soils using liquid ionic soil stabilizers (liss), orcid identifier(s).

0000-0002-6056-409X

Graduation Semester and Year

Document type.

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering

Civil Engineering

First Advisor

Anand Puppala

Second Advisor

Traditional soil stabilizers such as lime and cement are widely used to reduce swell and shrinkage behavior and enhance strength properties of expansive soils through the formation of cementitious products. However, the manufacturing process of these calcium-based stabilizers, such as lime and cement, need large amounts of water and emit gases such as CO, CO2, NOx, and SO2 that are harmful to the environment. Hence, environmentally-friendly techniques are often sought out by the civil infrastructure industry (Puppala et al. 2018a, 2019b, George et al. 2019a, Congress and Puppala 2019). In this research, an alternative stabilizer termed as liquid ionic soil stabilizer (LISS) was used to treat expansive soils from North Texas. Although LISS has shown a reliable record of successful stabilization treatment of subgrades for over 20 years in Texas, there is a lack of in-depth studies which try to identify the probable stabilization mechanisms and quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of such treatments. This research work primarily aimed at addressing these issues through an extensive laboratory testing program encompassing a series of macro-scale engineering tests and microstructural analyses. Two types of expansive soils with different clay mineral compositions were collected from different locations in Texas and are used as control soils in the present laboratory testing program. These soils were modified by treating the soils with three different dilution ratios of LISS additive. The dilution ratio is defined as the volume of concentrated liquid ionic stabilizer per unit volume of water. The research study included four major tasks to study the effects of LISS stabilization and these are: (a) performing physical, chemical and microstructural tests, (b) evaluating engineering properties, (c) assessing stabilization mechanisms, and (d) numerical modeling to evaluate the post-treatment improvements in the performance of slopes and pavement subgrades stabilized with LISS. The collected soil samples were treated at three different dilution ratios to study the effect of stabilizer dosage on the improvements in basic and engineering properties of the problematic soil. Test results and analyses provided comprehensive characterization of the basic and advanced soil properties, improvements in engineering properties of treated soils, and an in-depth understanding of the stabilization processes at a micro level. The mineralogical and microanalysis studies were also performed to examine the stabilization mechanisms in terms of chemical reactions, mineralogical changes, and other modifications that might have resulted in improvements in the engineering properties at the macro level. The results from the macro tests that included physical, chemical, and engineering tests showed that the LISS is an effective alternative environmentalfriendly soil stabilizer, which can enhance the strength and stiffness of problematic expansive soils to moderate levels. The LISS also inhibits the swell potential of expansive soils and slightly reduces the plasticity index and linear shrinkage ratio. The reductions in swell potentials were associated with an increase in strength and stiffness (resilient moduli) properties for all the different soil-dilution ratio combinations used in this research study. Among the three dilution ratios used in this research, the double chemical ratio (10 ml/gallon) which had the highest concentration of LISS exhibited the optimum performance based on the overall improvements in engineering properties such as strength, stiffness, and reduction in swell potential. The probable stabilization mechanism was determined by comparing the microstructural test results of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) for both untreated and soils treated at the third ratio. Additional macro tests, including variation in moisture content, pH, Consistency Limits and grain size distribution with curing time, were also used to comprehend the changes in the properties of the treated soil. The SEM images depicted that the soil particles flocculated upon addition of LISS and a phospho-rich compound were formed that bonded the soil particles after treatment. The intensity of the clay minerals peaks in the XRD plot was found to decrease when the soil was treated with LISS at the double chemical ratio. The FESEM and XRD results suggest the formation of products formed by the reactions of clay particles with the LISS additive. Moreover, the moisture content of soil gradually decreased by around 3%, and the grain size of the treated soils varied with an increase in curing time period, indicating the progressive utilization of water to form reaction products that can bind the clay particles and result in improvement in engineering properties of problematic soils. The pH of LISS increased from 3 to 7.8 in 20 days, which exhibited a progressive chemical reaction in this period of time. However, the consistency limits of LISS treated soils before and after treatments were nearly the same and no major enhancements were noted in the consistency limit values. In order to evaluate the feasibility of using LISS as an alternative soil stabilizer, two case study examples involved with pavement design and slope stability were analyzed. From the results and analysis of the modeling, the pavement design life of treated expansive soil was higher than that of untreated expansive soils. Also, the global factor of safety (FOS) of treated Dallas soil was slightly increased by 13% as compared to the section without any soil treatment. More studies and field treatment sections will provide more insights into the effectiveness of LISS treatments to enhance soil properties that can provide better support of civil infrastructure.

Liquid Ionic Soil Stabilzier (LISS), LISS

• Disciplines

Civil and Environmental Engineering | Civil Engineering | Engineering

Degree granted by The University of Texas at Arlington

Recommended Citation

He, Shi, "CHEMICAL STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOILS USING LIQUID IONIC SOIL STABILIZERS (LISS)" (2019). Civil Engineering Dissertations . 139. https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/civilengineering_dissertations/139

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Home > Student Theses, Dissertations, Capstone Projects, & Creative Works > DISSERTATIONS > PVAMU-DISSERTATIONS > 36

All Dissertations

Examining effective charter school methods and practices of selected houston-area charter schools that support academic achievement to reestablish traditional public schools as the school of choice: a constructivist grounded theory.

Monea R. Beene , Prairie View A&M University

Date of Award

Document type.

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Degree Discipline

Education Leadership

The public education sector is currently in turmoil (Calimeris, 2016; Meckler, 2022). In the early 90s, Fortune Magazine (1990) labeled the United States’ school system as “our most endangered institution, one in need of progressive work to support reform” (p 114).

Thus, this study examined, addressed, and identified effective systemic and organizational practices among public charters that would yield high academic performance annually for TPS. This research approach explored the collection and analysis of qualitative data using a constructivist grounded theory design supported by a case study for data collection. This research aimed to address the organization of charter schools and the systemic impact on academic success in the educational sector compared to traditional public schools to identify and evaluate the differences in an instructional and organizational approach to outcomes. Collected data helped the researcher identify iv which systems and practices TPSs should emulate to achieve consistent academic progress. This study focused on parents’, teachers', and campus administration’s lived experiences, serving in Texas charter school settings. For this study, charter schools examined were located in Houston, Texas, namely the KIPP Public Schools, YES Prep Public Schools and Harmony Public Schools and were not inclusive of all charter schools represented in Houston or the state of Texas, for that matter.

This study determined the organizational structures of successful charter schools and their corresponding systems through a semi-structured interview process. Data from nine participants was explored to identify supportive strategies from their lived experiences as leaders, teachers, and parents serving or supporting selected Houston-area charter schools.

The results of the study affirmed the anticipated outcome that academic successes of selected-Houston area charter schools hinge upon the organizational intent and systemic development of its campuses and delineates while many charter schools are successful academically, there are contributing factors to their success that have yet to be explored. The results of this study are likely to provide valuable information and outline considerable next steps for the successes of TPS leaders, campuses, and districts, respectively, to support individual success and streamline district processes that yield a common goal.

Keywords: TPS charter schools, organizational structure, systemic structure, charter schools, achievement

Committee Chair/Advisor

Stella Smith

Committee Member

Dewayne McGary

Arthur Petterway

William Parker

Prairie View A&M University

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Beene, M. R. (2023). Examining Effective Charter School Methods And Practices Of Selected Houston-Area Charter Schools That Support Academic Achievement To Reestablish Traditional Public Schools As The School Of Choice: A Constructivist Grounded Theory. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/pvamu-dissertations/36

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Well-being at work.

• Malgorzata Kozusznik , Malgorzata Kozusznik University of Ghent
• Aida Soriano Aida Soriano University of Valencia
•  and  José M. Peiró José M. Peiró University of Valencia
• https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.105
• Published online: 21 June 2023

Well-being at work refers to employees’ experience of feeling good and having a sense of fulfillment and purpose. It can be conceptualized from two distinct perspectives grounded in different philosophical traditions: the hedonic view of pleasure, in terms of people’s positive evaluations of their lives, includes positive emotions, satisfaction, and the experience of positive affect, and the eudaimonic view of well-being has to do with personal growth and the sense of meaning. Thus, well-being can be understood as having both pleasurable and meaningful components. Different theoretical frameworks help us to understand the nature of well-being. The most prominent ones are the happy-productive worker thesis, broaden-and-build theory, adaptation-level theory, affective events theory, the collective well-being approach, and self-determination theory. Well-being at work is influenced by several work experiences and working conditions and, in turn, has an effect on the employee’s behavior at work. Finally, well-being can be improved and sustained through initiatives that cover a wide range of fields (physical vs. psychosocial), approaches (prevention vs. promotion), and foci (organizational vs. individual).

• job satisfaction
• activity worthwhileness
• happy-productive worker
• organizational interventions
• well-being theories/frameworks

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date: 20 June 2024

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How to Write a Dissertation Proposal

Table of contents

Understanding the basics of a dissertation proposal.

A dissertation proposal is a document that outlines the research objectives, methodology, and timeline for completing a dissertation. It is typically submitted to a committee for approval before the actual research work begins. The proposal acts as a roadmap, guiding you through the research process and ensuring that you stay on track.

Embarking on the journey of crafting a dissertation proposal is akin to laying the foundation of a grand academic edifice. It requires meticulous planning, a clear vision , and a deep understanding of the subject matter. The process of developing a proposal involves delving into existing literature, formulating research questions, and devising a methodology that will enable you to unearth new insights and contribute to the scholarly discourse.

What is a dissertation proposal?

A dissertation proposal provides a comprehensive overview of your proposed research project. It includes a detailed explanation of your research question, objectives, and the significance of your study. Additionally, it outlines the methodology you plan to employ to collect and analyze data, as well as tentative timelines and any necessary resources.

Furthermore, a well-crafted dissertation proposal serves as a testament to your academic prowess and research acumen. It showcases your ability to think critically, formulate research questions that address gaps in the existing literature, and design a robust methodology to answer those questions. In essence, the proposal is not just a preliminary document; it is a demonstration of your potential as a researcher and a scholar.

The importance of a dissertation proposal

A well-crafted dissertation proposal is vital for several reasons. Firstly, it helps you clarify your research goals and define the scope of your study. By presenting your proposal to your committee, you can gain valuable feedback and make necessary adjustments before diving into the research process. Moreover, a strong proposal demonstrates your ability to devise a research plan and convinces your committee that your study is worthwhile.

Preparing to write your dissertation proposal

Before you start writing your dissertation proposal, it is essential to conduct preliminary research and clearly identify your research question.

Embarking on the journey of writing a dissertation proposal is a significant step towards academic achievement. This document serves as a roadmap for your research project, outlining the key elements and objectives that will shape your scholarly endeavour.

Conducting preliminary research

Preliminary research allows you to familiarize yourself with the existing literature in your field of study. It helps you identify any gaps in knowledge that your research can address and enables you to refine your research question. Use academic databases, journals, and books to gather relevant information and critically evaluate existing research.

Delving into the realm of preliminary research is akin to exploring a vast intellectual landscape, where each study and publication acts as a building block in the edifice of human knowledge. By immersing yourself in the existing literature, you not only gain insights into the current state of research but also unearth potential avenues for further exploration and discovery.

Identifying your research question

Your research question forms the foundation of your dissertation proposal. It should be specific, relevant, and address a gap in knowledge. Consider the broader implications of your research question and how it contributes to your field of study. Consult with your advisor or peers to refine and validate your research question.

The process of crafting a research question is akin to sculpting a finely detailed statue, where each word and phrase contributes to the overall clarity and significance of your study. A well-defined research question not only guides your research efforts but also serves as a beacon, illuminating the path towards new insights and scholarly contributions.

Structuring your dissertation proposal

A well-structured dissertation proposal enhances clarity and demonstrates your understanding of the research process. Follow these essential elements to create a cohesive and persuasive proposal.

Essential elements of a proposal

A typical dissertation proposal consists of the following sections:

• Title page: Include the title of your proposal and your name.
• Introduction: Provide an overview of your research topic and its significance.
• Literature review: Summarize the existing literature and highlight the gaps in knowledge.
• Research objectives: Clearly state the objectives of your study.
• Methodology: Describe the research methods and techniques you plan to use.
• Data analysis: Explain how you will analyze your data and interpret the results.
• Ethical considerations: Discuss any ethical concerns related to your research.
• Timeline: Outline the proposed timeline for completing your research.
• Resources: Identify the resources you will need to conduct your study.
• References: Provide a list of references cited in your proposal.

Writing an effective introduction

The introduction of your dissertation proposal should capture the reader's attention and provide context for your study. Start by presenting an engaging opening statement or anecdote related to your research topic. Then, gradually introduce the research problem and its significance, highlighting the gaps in existing knowledge. Conclude the introduction by stating your research question and objectives.

Detailing your methodology

In the methodology section, describe the research methods, tools, and techniques you plan to employ. Explain why these methods are suitable for your study and address any potential limitations. Provide a detailed step-by-step plan for gathering and analyzing data, including sample selection, data collection instruments, and data analysis techniques.

Outlining your proposed research

Clearly outline the expected outcomes and potential contributions of your research in this section. Specify the research questions or hypotheses you aim to address and explain how your research will fill the existing gaps in knowledge. This section should align with the objectives outlined earlier in your proposal and convey the significance of your study.

Furthermore, it is important to consider the broader implications of your research. Think about how your findings may contribute to the existing body of knowledge in your field and how they may impact future research or practical applications. By highlighting the potential contributions of your study, you can demonstrate the value and relevance of your research to the academic community and beyond.

In addition, it is worth mentioning the importance of collaboration and consultation in the research process. Engaging with other researchers, experts, and stakeholders can provide valuable insights and perspectives that can strengthen the quality and validity of your study. Consider including a section in your proposal that outlines your plans for collaboration and consultation, demonstrating your commitment to a comprehensive and inclusive research approach .

Tips for writing a compelling dissertation proposal

To make your dissertation proposal stand out, follow these tips:

Keeping your language clear and concise

Avoid jargon and complex terminology. Clearly articulate your ideas and ensure that all sections of your proposal are easy to understand. Use straightforward language and organizing techniques, such as headings and subheadings, to enhance readability.

When crafting your dissertation proposal, it is vital to remember that clarity is key. By using simple and precise language, you can effectively communicate your research ideas to a wider audience. Consider the importance of striking a balance between academic rigour and accessibility, ensuring that your proposal is engaging and informative for readers from various backgrounds.

Ensuring your proposal is well-structured

Divide your proposal into logical sections and use descriptive headings to guide the reader. Each paragraph should focus on a specific idea or argument. Use bullet points or numbered lists to present information concisely, especially when listing objectives, resources, or ethical considerations.

Structuring your dissertation proposal in a coherent manner is essential for conveying your research plan effectively. By organising your content into distinct sections with clear headings, you can help readers navigate through your proposal with ease. Consider the flow of information and ensure that each section complements the overall narrative of your research project.

Proofreading and editing your proposal

Before submitting your proposal, thoroughly proofread it for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors. Ensure that your writing flows smoothly and that your ideas are logically presented. Seek feedback from a trusted advisor or colleague to identify areas for improvement.

Editing and refining your dissertation proposal is a critical step in the writing process. By meticulously reviewing your work for errors and inconsistencies, you can enhance the overall quality of your proposal. Consider the importance of seeking feedback from peers or mentors to gain valuable insights and perspectives on how to strengthen your proposal further.

Writing a dissertation proposal can be a challenging task, but with careful planning and attention to detail, you can create a compelling proposal that sets the stage for a successful research journey. By understanding the basics, preparing thoroughly, and following our tips, you will be well-equipped to write an outstanding dissertation proposal.

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Department of Supply Chain Management

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DBA plan of study

Transform your organization and lead impactful changes in global supply chain practices. The Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) in supply chain management covers the core areas of logistics management, operations management, and supply management. Our hybrid structure allows students to spend one week on campus each semester for core courses and dissertation proposals and research, while completing the rest of the three-year program online.

• Years one and two: Take foundational courses in supply chain management theory and research methods, while working closely with advisors on dissertation proposals.
• Year three: Focus on dissertation research and development.

Credit structure

This DBA program consists of a minimum of 84 semester hours of approved graduate course work beyond the bachelor’s degree, consisting of 60 hours of formal graduate course work in residence at ASU, 12 hours of research, and 12 hours of dissertation.

The Department of Supply Chain Management requires doctoral students to follow a sequence of three required courses (9 credit hours) with remaining coursework selected in consultation with the advisor. Students who have completed a related master's-level graduate degree can potentially transfer up to 30 hours of credit to help satisfy the requirement of 60 hours of formal graduate course work at ASU.

Research in action

Students are expected to work with their advisors to develop research proposals toward their dissertation work. At the end of first year, all DBA students are required to submit a preliminary research proposal. Students are expected to work with the faculty advisors to continue to refine and finalize the research framework in the second year.

Proposal defense

All DBA students are required to complete and pass a proposal defense at the end of their second year.

Dissertation

Work on the dissertation should begin early in the program. Students will be required to select their dissertation research projects and develop their dissertation proposals under the direction of their faculty advisors. Once they have passed the proposal defense, they must complete the dissertation under the guidance of the dissertation committee, and conduct a final oral examination in defense of the dissertation following the guidelines established by the Division of Graduate Studies. Each student should complete the final oral examination within three years after passing the comprehensive examination.

Performance evaluation

All DBA students are required to complete a performance evaluation at the end of each academic year. Students will be evaluated on academic performance, quality of research and research relevance. The faculty advisors and dissertation committee will provide input on their performance.

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Math and Science awards recognize teaching, research excellence

Tuesday, June 18, 2024 | by Jocelyn Titone

On the first day he lectured at Brock University, Ali Emami caught himself searching for a seat among the students instead of heading to the front of the auditorium to teach the course.

Having recently completed his PhD, he felt more like a fellow learner than the educator.

The moment was the catalyst for a vow he made to approach teaching with passion, relevance and a student-like curiosity for learning. He believes that philosophy led him to receiving the 2024 Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences (FMS) Excellence in Teaching Award less than three years later.

“As I get older, I’ll naturally relate less to the students, but I’ll never forget that I belong there in the auditorium with them,” says the Assistant Professor of Computer Science. “My students often say it’s as if I’m really on their side. I stop myself in the middle of my lecture and metaphorically go and sit with them to see the lecture through their eyes. I gauge their reactions, thoughts and feelings and ask them for their opinions.”

Emami fell in love with natural language processing during his PhD studies but felt he had limited opportunities as a student to share his enthusiasm. As a professor, he can passionately highlight his research interests, which focus on the development of intelligent machines for everyday use. He hopes to enhance large language models for better communication, reasoning and practical application, ensuring they are trustworthy and effective.

While he initially held back from referencing his research in his lectures, the feedback Emami received from students affirmed that his enthusiasm inspires them to be passionate about their own aspirations, even if they aren’t directly connected.

“We shouldn’t be afraid of being proud and passionate about our field, thinking it’s not relevant to others, because the common denominator we share is our passion for our own work and interests,” he says.

Emami also incorporates different teaching methods into his courses. In Internet Technologies (COSC 2P89) for example, he supplements theoretical lessons by demonstrating code in real time on a projected screen and leads an improv-like coding session every other week in which students take turns trying to solve a coding problem with each adding on to the previous student’s work.

“It helps students to develop the muscle memory needed for coding,” he says. “And I think they like the challenge and uncertainty of it. We don’t always solve the problem. But we’re all working on it together and encouraging each other, which makes the experience much more engaging.”

Also recognized this year is Professor of Chemistry Tony Yan, who received the 2024 FMS Research Excellence Award.

Tony Yan, Professor of Chemistry, is the recipient of the 2024 Faculty of Mathematics and Science Research Excellence Award.

As a synthetic organic chemist, Yan focuses his research on the chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics of nucleic acids, which are biomolecules that are crucial in all living organisms. His work involves chemically modifying nucleic acids to introduce what is not natural to them to better understand their structures and how they function in the biological system.

Some of his work has involved chemically synthesizing a type of nucleic acid called cyclic dinucleotides to examine their ability to augment immune responses in mammalian species.

“The compounds turned out to be outstanding adjuvants for vaccines that are given mucosally — administered through nasal spray or orally — instead of through injections,” he says. “Historically, it has been really challenging to induce immune response mucosally with vaccines without the use of killed or attenuated pathogens.”

More recently, Yan has become interested in understanding how nucleic acids behave in conditions that represent those typically found in biological systems rather than the “overly simplified diluted conditions” he says are used in experiments. With 30 to 40 per cent of cell’s cytoplasmic fluid occupied by molecules, he says the environment in cells is much more “crowded” than the conditions used in most investigations.

Yan says this research could have real-world implications, potentially impacting how medicinal chemistry is conducted and how pharmaceutical companies can improve the way they identify new drug candidates.

“The drug discovery process has become so expensive, and the failure rates are so high, that the industry is hoping for different ways to look at this process,” he says. “An understanding of the differences in the structures and properties of biomolecules in diluted and crowded conditions offers the potential to optimize the drug discovery process where the conditions more accurately represent what actually happens in the cellular environment where these drugs operate.”

Emami and Yan were presented with their awards at a FMS gathering Tuesday, June 18. Also recognized at the event were:

• Dorothy Levay, Instructor and Manager, Academic Support with the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, received the 2024 FMS Distinguished Staff Award for her exceptional service beyond expected duties to enrich the experience of students across campus and her essential role in maintaining the operations of the department amid a period of great transition.
• Andréanne Hébert-Haché (BSc ’16, PhD ’24), who recently graduated with her PhD in Biological Sciences, received the FMS Best PhD Thesis in 2023 Award for her thesis “The influence of grapevine cultivar, clone, and rootstock on cold hardiness and dehydrin proteins.”
• Connor Wilson, a Master of Science in Physics candidate, received the FMS Best MSc Thesis in 2023 Award for his thesis “Localized Vibrational Modes in High-Entropy Oxides.”
• Martin Head, Professor of Earth Sciences, and Georgii Nikonov, Professor of Chemistry, were recognized with the new honorary title of Distinguished Professor , a lifetime appointment acknowledging outstanding achievement in their academic discipline.

Read more stories in: Faculty & staff , Mathematics and Science , News Tagged with: Ali Emami , biological sciences , chemistry , computer science , convocation , Department of Biological Sciences , Department of Chemistry , department of computer science , Department of Earth Sciences , department of mathematics and statistics , department of physics , Dorothy Levay , earth sciences , Excellence in Teaching Award , Faculty of Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Affairs , faculty of mathematics and science , graduate degree , Graduate Students , Graduate Studies , master’s degree , Mathematics and Science , Mathematics and statistics , Oenology and Viticulture , PhD , physics , Research , Research Excellence Award , spring convocation , spring convocation 2024 , Teaching Excellence Award , Tony Yan

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EECS PhD Dissertation Defense: Carlos Diaz Alvarenga

Wednesday, June 26, 2024 12pm to 3pm

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5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343

On Patrolling Security Games, Modeling Agents, and Computing Viable Strategies Abstract    With increasing levels of intelligence and automation mobile robots are now an enabling technology for autonomous patrolling of indoor and outdoor environments. Patrolling is a repetitive and potentially dangerous task whose execution costs can be mitigated by deploying surveillance robots in the area of interest. Because these systems are designed to be autonomous, the high-level planning of the surveillance activities emerges as one of the most critical challenges to achieving good performance and, ultimately, detecting and preventing malicious activities in the environment. Issues like how to plan efficient paths, where and when to schedule surveillance actions, and how to coordinate with teammates have been tackled by models encoding some environment representation and assumptions on agents capabilities and behaviors. In this talk I will present first our work in single agent methods for the patrolling problem, followed by our work done on teams of defenders. Our contributions include the proposal of: a new metric for evaluating the performance of the patrols, a shared and un-shared workload management algorithm for teams of agents, and limited-observability opponent models. Biography

Carlos Diaz Alvarenga is a PhD candidate in the Computer Science and Engineering department at UC Merced, under the guidance of Prof. Stefano Carpin. Carlos' research interests lie in the broad field of adversarial robotic patrolling. Specifically he studies how both a single robot and a team of robots can share the patrolling workload appropriately. Furthermore, this work expands on the previous methods for designing and implementing realistic opponent models. He has been funded by UC Merced's NSF Research Traineeship Program and by the NSF AGEP program focused on pedagogical training in the sciences. Carlos will be joining Cal. Poly. San Luis Obispo’s Computer Engineering department in the 2024/25 academic year as an assistant professor.

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Meet the 2024 Winners of Major Scholarships

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Each year, graduate students in McGill's Department of Integrated Studies in Education (DISE) apply for external scholarships to support their research studies. These are prestigious scholarships awarded to top-ranked graduate students across Canada. We are very pleased to announce that three graduate students from McGill's Language Education program have won this year's major scholarships:

Albert Maganaka has won the SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship for his research on the Impact of Church-based ESL Programs on the English Proficiency of Adult Immigrant Learners. His doctoral study, under the supervision of Dr. Caroline Riches , seeks to reveal the objectives, motivations, and perceptions of students in these religiously-affiliated language programs, with a focus on curriculum, instructional methods, teacher qualifications, and teaching styles. The SSHRC Fellowship enables Albert to examine how religious institutions influence language education. His research aims to contribute to the dynamic field of English language teaching, providing valuable recommendations for improving church-run and similar adult ESL programs. These insights are expected to benefit future learners and the educational landscape at large. Albert’s inspiration stems from his extensive work in the immigration sector, where he assists newcomers in integrating into Canadian society through language education. Despite churches’ vital role in immigrant settlement and integration in Canada, their contributions remain relatively uncharted. Albert’s research bridges this gap, shedding light on place-based education within church-run ESL programs, ultimately enriching our understanding of community-based language learning.

Kiana Kishiyama has won the Canada Graduate Scholarship – Masters Program (SSHRC CGS-M) (Joseph-Armand Bombardier Graduate Scholarship). Her MA research, supervised by Dr. Angelica Galante , is titled Reclaiming identity through language learning: Examining the lived experiences among adoptees in Canada . Kiana’s work is largely inspired by her own lived experiences with her heritage language learning as an international adoptee. Through her research, she hopes to document the heritage language learning-related experiences of international adoptees throughout Canada and how those experiences intersect with their identities. While little research has been conducted in this area, Kiana hopes to pioneer this investigation and contribute to the small yet impactful body of literature on heritage language learning by international adoptees.

Cris Barabas , an incoming third year PhD student in educational studies and this year’s runner-up of the department’s Emerging Scholar Award has recently won both the Canada Graduate Scholarship (SSHRC CGS-D) and the Fonds de recherche du Québec-Société et culture (FRQSC) doctoral awards. He is supervised by Dr. Amir Kalan and his doctoral research proposal is tentatively titled The Sociomateriality of Literacies in Community Centers: A Study of Immigrant Youth’s Entanglements and Becomings . His thesis will apply a posthumanist approach and theoretical framings to further understand immigrant youth’s engagements with literacies and becomings with (new) identities, language(s), institutions, and the land. Barabas has also successfully completed his tenure as the Principal Editor of the Journal of Language and Literacy Education at the University of Georgia.

Congratulations to this year's winners of these prestigious scholarships. We wish you success in your research journey!

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