class 12 business studies assignment

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Class 12 Business Studies Assignments

We have provided below free printable Class 12 Business Studies Assignments for Download in PDF. The Assignments have been designed based on the latest NCERT Book for Class 12 Business Studies . These Assignments for Grade 12 Business Studies cover all important topics which can come in your standard 12 tests and examinations. Free printable Assignments for CBSE Class 12 Business Studies , school and class assignments, and practice test papers have been designed by our highly experienced class 12 faculty. You can free download CBSE NCERT printable Assignments for Business Studies Class 12 with solutions and answers. All Assignments and test sheets have been prepared by expert teachers as per the latest Syllabus in Business Studies Class 12. Students can click on the links below and download all Pdf Assignments for Business Studies class 12 for free. All latest Kendriya Vidyalaya Class 12 Business Studies Assignments with Answers and test papers are given below.

Business Studies Class 12 Assignments Pdf Download

We have provided below the biggest collection of free CBSE NCERT KVS Assignments for Class 12 Business Studies . Students and teachers can download and save all free Business Studies assignments in Pdf for grade 12th. Our expert faculty have covered Class 12 important questions and answers for Business Studies as per the latest syllabus for the current academic year. All test papers and question banks for Class 12 Business Studies and CBSE Assignments for Business Studies Class 12 will be really helpful for standard 12th students to prepare for the class tests and school examinations. Class 12th students can easily free download in Pdf all printable practice worksheets given below.

Topicwise Assignments for Class 12 Business Studies Download in Pdf

Advantages of Class 12 Business Studies Assignments

• As we have the best and largest collection of Business Studies assignments for Grade 12, you will be able to easily get full list of solved important questions which can come in your examinations.
• Students will be able to go through all important and critical topics given in your CBSE Business Studies textbooks for Class 12 .
• All Business Studies assignments for Class 12 have been designed with answers. Students should solve them yourself and then compare with the solutions provided by us.
• Class 12 Students studying in per CBSE, NCERT and KVS schools will be able to free download all Business Studies chapter wise worksheets and assignments for free in Pdf
• Class 12 Business Studies question bank will help to improve subject understanding which will help to get better rank in exams

Frequently Asked Questions by Class 12 Business Studies students

At https://www.cbsencertsolutions.com, we have provided the biggest database of free assignments for Business Studies Class 12 which you can download in Pdf

We provide here Standard 12 Business Studies chapter-wise assignments which can be easily downloaded in Pdf format for free.

You can click on the links above and get assignments for Business Studies in Grade 12, all topic-wise question banks with solutions have been provided here. You can click on the links to download in Pdf.

We have provided here topic-wise Business Studies Grade 12 question banks, revision notes and questions for all difficult topics, and other study material.

We have provided the best collection of question bank and practice tests for Class 12 for all subjects. You can download them all and use them offline without the internet.

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Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes PDF Download (Handwritten & Short Notes)

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The NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes in PDF prepare students in advance to perform better in the board and competitive examinations. Therefore, the students studying Business Studies should definitely use Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF because it will help them cover their full NCERT Business Studies Syllabus with ease.

It is possible with the notes because the revision notes are prepared to keep in mind the cruciality of time for the students. Subject matter experts of Selfstudys have crafted the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF after analysing the whole NCERT 12 Business Studies books and syllabus. Links to download are mentioned here on this page which will aid students to access the PDF of Business Studies revision notes anytime they want.

Chapter wise Class 12 NCERT Business Studies Notes

Chapters of Class 12 Business Studies are a bit complicated and so, it requires rigorous revisions from time to time to understand the concepts of the chapters. Hence, in favour of students, our subject matter experts have prepared the Chapter wise Class 12 NCERT Business Studies Notes which are organised in chapter wise manner and topic-wise manner.

By using the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF students can stay organised and do their study precisely, therefore, our team has bundled the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes in individual PDF files.

Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes

Principles of Management Class 12 Notes

Business Environment Class 12 Notes

Planning Class 12 Notes

Organising Class 12 Notes

Staffing Class 12 Notes

Directing Class 12 Notes

Controlling Class 12 Notes

Financial Management Class 12 Notes

Financial Markets Class 12 Notes

Marketing Management Class 12 Notes

Consumer Protection Class 12 Notes

Entrepreneurship Development Class 12 Notes

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF Download Process

If you are looking for the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF then go through the download process, mentioned below -

• Open the Selfstudys website and click on the Navigation button
• Click on NCERT Books & Solutions to expand it further
• Now, click on NCERT Notes to open a new page

• Choose class 12th from the given options

• Now, search or Click on Business Studies to access the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in a chapter-wise format.

What are NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes and Why It Is Popular?

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes is a study tool which contains a collection of short summaries of subtopics, definitions, and key points. The Notes are an easily absorbable document that helps students to improve their grip on the topics explained. Due to this reason, it is one of the most popular study resources used by lakhs of students to prepare for their board examinations and competitive examinations.

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF is prepared by those teachers who have years of experience in teaching and they know how to shorten the long definitions so that a reader can easily remember them.

What is the Importance of Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes?

• Helps In Recalling the Studied Topics: We all know that revision helps recall the studied topics, and it becomes much more important when you are studying subjects like Business Studies. Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes is intentionally prepared to keep in mind the need of students in remembering the topics studied.
• Timely Revision Helps Reduce Anxiety And Stress: Revising the Business Studies topics timely: during regular classes or exam preparation helps students deal with stress and reduces anxiety. Since with the help of Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes students can deal with such disturbing situations, they can better perform in the examinations.
• Using Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes Boosts Confidence in Students: Having confidence in Business Studies can help you to perform better in the examination. But it is only possible if you have completed your CBSE Syllabus and you are well aware of all the topics that are discussed in Business Studies. Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes help you build that confidence as it contains the details about every single topic in a brief.
• Assists in Identifying Weak and Strongest Areas in the Subject: If you use the Blurting technique to revise the Class 12 Business Studies, you will find that there are some weak and strongest areas in the subject. How to use Blurting techniques to revise has been discussed below. By using the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes, you can work on the weak areas to improve them.

3 Revision Techniques To Use NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF

• Revise, Sleep, & Repeat:  Research says that taking a short nap of about 20 or 30 minutes improves memory. So, revising, Sleeping, & repeating the same process time and again helps in improving memory or recall power so, use this revision technique to use the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF.
• Pomodoro is a way for distracted students:  The Pomodoro technique is a great way to revise, and it works very well for those students who struggle with concentrating on a single task for a longer period of time. Thus, students can use this technique to use the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes PDF to revise the whole Business Studies syllabus.
• Blurting, a new trend to revise:  So far, you understood the two most popular ways to revise the concepts of Business Studies you have studied, but Blurting is a revision technique that you can use. Blurting revision techniques include reading your Business Studies notes aloud. Only reading helps so much to remember. Once, you do this technique, make sure you test yourself by writing down everything you have remembered so far during your class 12 Business Studies revision time.

When To Use Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF That Will Add Value To Your Life?

The revision notes of Class 12 can add great value to your academic life if you know when to use them. Therefore, in this section, we have mentioned the crucial moments you should use NCERT Business Studies Class 12 Notes PDF. 

• At the time of classroom study: The Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes in PDF is an ideal study resource to use at the time of classroom study. It is so because generally, one chapter of Business Studies will take some time to complete so when it is the second or third class for the same Business Studies chapter use the revision notes of Class 12 Business Studies to recall whatever you have studied in the previous classes. It will make the previous learning fresh and will enable you to take more interest in the study as you can better understand the topics now.
• While doing the weekly revision: All the students studying in class 12 should do weekly revision as it helps them keep track of whatever they have studied in the entire week as well as helps them refresh all the learnings.
• During board exam preparation: All the board candidates who have prepared a timetable to dedicate to the board exam preparation should use the Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Notes. Using the Class 12 Business Studies notes at that time will help the students to strengthen their grip on the topics which will help them score better marks in the board examination.
• While preparing for competitive exams: Class 12 Business Studies isn’t limited to the board exams only, there are several competitive exams in which Business Studies plays a crucial role; students can use the NCERT Business Studies Class 12 Notes PDF while preparing for competitive exams. It will help them better prepare for the subject.
• During last-minute preparation: About one day before the examination using the NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Notes can add great value to the student’s overall preparation. Using the Business Studies Notes during the last-minute preparation gives instant recall to all the topics of Business Studies. It will also help them ease their stress as they will get some confidence by doing this.

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Assignments For Class 12 Business Studies

Assignments for Class 12 Business Studies have been developed for Standard 12 students based on the latest syllabus and textbooks applicable in CBSE, NCERT and KVS schools. Parents and students can download the full collection of class assignments for class 12 Business Studies from our website as we have provided all topic wise assignments free in PDF format which can be downloaded easily. Students are recommended to do these assignments daily by taking printouts and going through the questions and answers for Grade 12 Business Studies. You should try to do these test assignments on a daily basis so that you are able to understand the concepts and details of each chapter in your Business Studies book and get good marks in class 12 exams.

Assignments for Class 12 Business Studies as per CBSE NCERT pattern

All students studying in Grade 12 Business Studies should download the assignments provided here and use them for their daily routine practice. This will help them to get better grades in Business Studies exam for standard 12. We have made sure that all topics given in your textbook for Business Studies which is suggested in Class 12 have been covered ad we have made assignments and test papers for all topics which your teacher has been teaching in your class. All chapter wise assignments have been made by our teachers after full research of each important topic in the textbooks so that you have enough questions and their solutions to help them practice so that they are able to get full practice and understanding of all important topics. Our teachers at https://www.assignmentsbag.com have made sure that all test papers have been designed as per CBSE, NCERT and KVS syllabus and examination pattern. These question banks have been recommended in various schools and have supported many students to practice and further enhance their scores in school and have also assisted them to appear in other school level tests and examinations. Its easy to take print of thee assignments as all are available in PDF format.

Some advantages of Free Assignments for Class 12 Business Studies

• Solving Assignments for Business Studies Class 12 helps to further enhance understanding of the topics given in your text book which will help you to get better marks
• By solving one assignments given in your class by Business Studies teacher for class 12 will help you to keep in touch with the topic thus reducing dependence on last minute studies
• You will be able to understand the type of questions which are expected in your Business Studies class test
• You will be able to revise all topics given in the ebook for Class 12 Business Studies as all questions have been provided in the question banks
• NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Workbooks will surely help you to make your concepts stronger and better than anyone else in your class.
• Parents will be able to take print out of the assignments and give to their child easily.

All free Printable practice assignments are in PDF single lick download format and have been prepared by Class 12 Business Studies teachers after full study of all topics which have been given in each chapter so that the students are able to take complete benefit from the worksheets. The Chapter wise question bank and revision assignments can be accessed free and anywhere. Go ahead and click on the links above to download free CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Assignments PDF.

You can download free assignments for class 12 Business Studies from https://www.assignmentsbag.com

You can get free PDF downloadable assignments for Grade 12 Business Studies from our website which has been developed by teachers after doing extensive research in each topic.

On our website we have provided assignments for all subjects in Grade 12, all topic wise test sheets have been provided in a logical manner so that you can scroll through the topics and download the worksheet that you want.

You can easily get question banks, topic wise notes and questions and other useful study material from https://www.assignmentsbag.com without any charge

Yes all test papers for Business Studies Class 12 are available for free, no charge has been put so that the students can benefit from it. And offcourse all is available for download in PDF format and with a single click you can download all assignments.

https://www.assignmentsbag.com is the best portal to download all assignments for all classes without any charges.

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• Education /

Business Studies Class 12 Project: Marks Distribution, Topics, and More

• Updated on  
• Jan 16, 2024

Looking for a Class 12 Business Project? CBSE has mandated students to prepare a project as part of the Class 12 Business Studies syllabus wherein they can conduct their own research, gather primary or secondary data and make inferences out of the results in a presentable way. If you are struggling to make a nice project and want to have good guidance, read on to find everything you need to know about the Business Studies class 12 project and BST project class 12 on marketing management , principles of management, stock exchange and more.

This Blog Includes:

• CBSE BST Project Class 12 2023-24: Marks Distribution

CBSE Class 12 BST Project Topics 2023-24

Marketing management, elements of business environment , principles of management project in business studies, stock exchange, important guidelines, cbse bst project class 12 2023-24 : marks distribution.

The revised Business Studies Class 12 syllabus 2022-23 allotted 20 marks to the project work. Take a look at the distribution of marks for Class 12 Business Studies Project 2023-24: 

Click here to download the official CBSE Class 12 Business Project Topics

Here are the best BST project class 12 topics:

• Elements of Business Environment 
• Consumer Protection

Also Read: Controlling Class 12: Important Revision Notes

For this BST project class 12 on Marketing Management, The students can consider the following products and conduct research to gather information about the various aspects concerning the marketing of the product. Some of the most prominent and sought-after products are mentioned in the table below:

The students can choose either of the aforementioned or any of the products permissible by the teacher for their Business Studies Project. Taking any one of the products into consideration, the students will have to gather information on the following parameters.

• Profit margin in percentage to the manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer
• Packaging of the product
• Selling price to the consumer
• Promotion or marketing of the product
• Identify the USP
• Type/category of product
• Grading and standardization
• Channels of distribution

Also Read: Courses & Career Options in Commerce without Maths

In this topic of the Business Studies class 12 project, given below are the important elements of the business environment:

• Changes witnessed in packaging and economic impact over the last few years in relation to products like fruits and vegetables, plastic/wooden furniture, milk, reuse of packages, packages as a means of advertisement, etc.
• Reasons behind the changes in “ Coca Cola and Fanta in the 70s decade to Thums up and Campa Cola in the 80s decade to Pepsi and Cola in the 90s. ”
• Changes in the patterns of export and import of different products.
• The law, effects and implementation of the anti-plastic campaign.
• Social factors affecting acceptance and rejection of an identified product (atta maker, dishwasher)
• Effect of changes in the technological environment on employee behaviour. 

Also Read: Top 20 Career Options in Commerce with Maths Stream

Under this subject of the Business Studies class 12 project, the students are required to visit any departmental store, fast food outlet or any industrial unit and perceive if applications like Fayol’s General Principles of Management or F.W. Taylor’s Scientific Management Techniques are applied or not. For clarification, have a look at the principles and techniques advocated by both the administrative gurus:

Also Read: Commerce Subjects in Class 12 [Download Updated PDF]

The students who opt for the third option in the business studies class 12 project will have to learn various aspects of the stock market, monitor the stock market trends and how calculate profit or loss in relation to stock. Through this topic, the students will be able to learn about the capital market and the sources of business finance along with a deep understanding of the concepts used in the stock exchange. Business Studies class 12 project will expect the students to work on the following parameters:

• Create a brief report on the history of stock exchanges in India.
• Prepare a hypothetical portfolio with a sum of INR 50,000 in any 5 top companies over a period of 20 working days.
• Identify the reasons for fluctuations in prices, for example, change of seasons, strikes and accidents, political environment, the spread of an epidemic, international events, etc.
• Find the value of the investments and update the portfolio accordingly through various graphical representations.

Also Read: Business Studies Class 11 Syllabus, Exam Pattern & More

Here are the official CBSE guidelines for the Class 12 Business Studies project:

• The entire project must be completed between 25 to 30 pages
• It is compulsory for class 12th students that the project must be handwritten 
• The project must be clubbed inside a neat and tidy transparent folder 
• Cover Page: Student information, School name and year
• Index (List of Contents)
• Acknowledgement and Preface
• Introduction
• Topic with a Unique Title/Heading
• List of activities and planning done to gather information about the project (If any)
• Observations from the places of visit
• Conclusions
• Photographs (if any)
• Teacher’s remarks
• Signature of the teachers

Related Reads

Ans: The official CBSE guidelines for the Class 12 Business Studies project are: 1. The entire project must be completed between 25 to 30 pages 2. It is compulsory for class 12th students that the project must be handwritten  3. The project must be clubbed inside a neat and tidy transparent folder  4. While crafting your project, you must follow this specified format: -Cover Page: Student information -School name and year -Index (List of Contents) -Acknowledgement and Preface -Introduction -Topic with a Unique Title/Heading -List of activities and planning done to gather information about the project (If any) -Observations from the places of visit -Conclusions -Photographs (if any) -Appendix -Teacher’s remarks -Signature of the teachers

Ans: The business studies project is an important part of the Class 12 business studies curriculum and is of a total of 20 marks.

Ans: There are a total of 12 chapters in Class 12 business studies.

Ans: To crack your business studies exam, you must practice sample papers and previous year exam papers of business studies as well as master the basic concepts of every chapter.

We hope that this blog covered every single aspect essential for you to know about the Business Studies class 12 project. Connect with us at Leverage Edu and we will help you choose the right course and university after 12th that goes well with your dream of becoming one of the future business leaders . Book your 30 minutes of free career counselling now! For more on NCERT study materials and school education , follow Leverage Edu now!!

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• Commerce Important Questions
• Class 12 Business Studies
• Chapter 2 Principles of Management

Important Questions Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 - Principles of Management

Important Questions with Answers for CBSE  Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 2 – Principles of Management which is outlined by expert Business Studies teachers from the latest version of CBSE (NCERT) books.

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Chapter – 2 Important Questions

What is meant by ‘Management Principles’?

Answer : Principles of management refers to the broad and general guidelines for managerial decision making and traits.

Name the organisational structure that assists in increasing managerial and operational efficiency.

Answer : Functional structure assists in increasing managerial and operational efficiency.

Explain why is it said that the principles of management are ‘primarily behavioural’ and ‘contingent’ in nature. Also, explain how principles of management ‘furnishes the managers with useful insights into reality’ and ‘helps is thoughtful decision making’.

Answer : Principles of management are ‘primarily behavioural’ and ‘contingent’ in nature and ‘furnishes the managers with useful insights into reality’ and ‘helps is thoughtful decision making’. These points have been justified in the below-mentioned points:

• Primarily behavioural : The principles of management are ‘primarily behavioural’ in nature as principles of management aim at affecting the individuals and their applicability differ as per human nature.
• Contingent : Their applicability relies upon the current scenario at a specific point of time. The application must be changed according to the situation.
• Formed by practice and experimentation : management principles are based on the number of years of experimentation and practice. Hence, these principles assists the managers when they confront the real-time issues.
• Cause and effect relationship : The decisions that are taken regarding the management must be taken carefully. They must certainly be based on the facts. Principles of management were developed from the real-time issues and they stand the test of reasoning and logic.

Recommended Links to Explore:

• Tips to Prepare Business Studies Exam
• Business Studies MCQs

Briefly explain ‘discipline’ and ‘scalar chain’ as the principles of general management.

• Discipline : Discipline implies that an establishment must follow the rules and regulations and make sure that the compliance to set some stipulated policies and rules. Discipline certainly requires some good supervisors at all the levels with clear and unbiased agreements and judicious application of penalties.
• Scalar chain : Scalar chain refers to a defined, established pathway of authority and communication in the order of highest to the lowest.

What are the features on Principles of management? Answer : Principles of management are the statements of fundamental truth, which possess the capability to anticipate the outcome of managerial pursuits. Below mentioned are the features:

• Universal applicability : Management principles are relevant to all sorts of establishments – business & non-business. They are applicable to all levels of management. Every business must make the best potential effectiveness by the use of management principles. Hence, they are universal or all-pervasive.
• Principles of Management have a Cause & Effect Relationship : Principles of management mean cause and effect relationship between associated variables. They imply what will be the outcome or result of some actions. Consequently, if one is known, the other can be determined.
• Principles of Management – Aims at Influencing Human Behavior : Human behaviour is complicated and unpredictable. Management principles are aimed towards controlling human behaviour so that people can contribute their best to the organization. Management is concerned with combining efforts and harmonizing them towards a purpose. But in situations, even these principles fail to understand human behaviour.
• Principles of Management are Flexible : Management principles are effective guidelines and not inactive rules. There is enough room for managerial responsibility i.e. they can be altered as per the necessities of the situation. Modification & development is a perpetual phenomenon in case of principles of management.

What is the importance of the principles of management?

Answer : The importance of the principles of management are mentioned below:

• Furnishing managers with beneficial insights : These principles of management help in raising the managerial effectiveness by adding to their knowledge, skills and ability to comprehend the various situations more equitably.
• Scientific decisions : Management principles assists the managers in taking the decisions that are based on the goal-oriented situation. Hence, the decisions taken are certainly logical, unbiased and free from any sort of prejudices.
• Fulfilling social responsibilities : These principles of management are outlined in such a way that they assist in fulfilling social responsibilities.
• Management training, education and research : These principles of management are utilised as a basis for management training, education and research.

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CBSE Business Studies Chapter 1 - Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes

• Revision Notes
• Business Studies
• Chapter 1 Nature And Significance Of Management

Nature and Significance of Management Notes for CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 1 - Free PDF Download

Management is a crucial topic of business studies that deals with the systematic running of a firm and economy. Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 1 notes explains that a process of getting work done within the set time is management. It is ideally done to achieve a target set in an organisation through an efficient and effective way.

Vedantu’s class 12 Business studies chapter 1 notes PFD discusses this method of efficiency, and that is the best way to save money. A task that is done by proper planning by utilising available resources gives the desired result is efficiency. Effectiveness, on the other hand, concerns producing a product within a period. 

Class 12 revision notes chapter 1 discusses that these methods are similar yet different in properties. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a balance between the two.

Download CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Chapter-wise Notes 2023-24 PDF

Get CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Chapter-wise Notes FREE for the academic year 2023-24. From the table provided below. Download the PDFs now.

Related Chapters

Get Ahead in Business Studies Chapter 1 Notes - Nature and Significance of Management Class 12

Definition of management.

“Management is defined as the process of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling an organization’s operations in order to achieve coordination of the human and material resources essential in the effective and efficient attainment of objectives.” 

Robert L. Trewelly and M. Gene Newport

Concept of Management

Management is a process that aims to bring the efforts of the people working in the organization to achieve a common objective effectively and efficiently.

Process: The term process refers to the primary activities performed in an organization by the management to achieve the objective. It includes planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.

Effectively: The term effectively refers to completion of the given task in the allotted time frame.

Efficient : The term efficient means completing the task within minimum cost as well as optimum utilization of resources.

Difference between Effectiveness and Efficiency

Characteristics of management.

Goal Oriented Process : Every organization has its own set of objectives to achieve as an end result. It is through management that the efforts of the people working in the organization are directed towards accomplishment of these objectives. Hence, we can say management is a goal oriented process. It is fruitless to operate if an organization doesn't have a set goal.

All Pervasive : Management is a universal process. It is necessary in all types of organization whether big or small and is performed at every level of authority; top, middle or lower.  The five activities of management are the same for all the organizations irrespective of economic, social or political boundaries. Its just that the methodology differs but the basics and foundation remains the same.

Multidimensional: Management has three important dimensions. These are as follows:

Management of work: Every enterprise has a purpose behind its existence. The major purpose is performance of certain works for accomplishment of end results. Management converts the work to be performed in terms of goals and helps in achieving them. For example: A hospital operates for the treatment of patients. A super market exists for the fulfillment of day to day demands of people.

Management of people: Management unites the efforts of the group of individuals working in the enterprise so that they can work together as a team. Human resource or manpower is said to be the biggest asset of an organization. The task of a management is to get things done by individuals as well as groups of people.

Management of operations: Every enterprise has some basic product or service to deliver which requires a production process, and a set of operations where the inputs are converted to final product, this is management of operations.

Continuous Process: Management is a continuous process as it consists of a series of interrelated activities. These functions should be performed in a systematic and orderly manner and in a proper sequence. It is a never ending process. The activities include functions like planning, organizing, directing, staffing and controlling.

A Group Activity: Management is a group activity as it is concerned with the efforts of a group of individuals. It unites the efforts of the members in the group and directs them towards attainment of a common objective.

A Dynamic Function: The business policies and practices of the organization needs to be changed according to the business environment which consists of various social, economic and political factors. The world is changing dynamically in all aspects so new practices and conventions must be followed to cater to the ever-changing needs of the environment.

Intangible Force: Management is an invisible force. It cannot be seen, but it can be felt through the achievement of objectives.

Objectives of Management

Objectives are the desired results that drive the management to work towards it. There are three objectives of management:

Organizational Objectives: Organizational Objectives are those objectives that are set by the management of an organization within a predetermined time period. An organization has different types of objectives to be achieved, these objectives are determined in consideration to the different interests of the stakeholders. The main objective of an organization is optimum utilisation of resources in the most effective and efficient manner. It is further divided into three parts- survival, profit and growth.

Survival: Ensuring survival in the market in the long run by taking positive decisions in respect of business activities is the primary objective of management. Earning enough revenues to cover the cost of production is of utmost importance to an organization.

Profitability: Any person or individual who runs a business has the ultimate objective of earning profit. Management ensures to earn sufficient profit to meet its various needs. Management makes best use of men, money, material, machinery and other resources in order to earn profit. Good amount of profit provides better return to investors in terms of dividend, interest etc.

Growth : Management should aim towards continuously improving the performance of the organization. It is the general objective of management to secure maximum results through minimum resources to increase prosperity and growth. Growth of an organization can be measured in various ways and depending upon various parameters. The growth indicators can vary from organization to organization. Some may consider an increase in sales volume, some may look for an increasing number of products, etc.

Social Objectives: Any organization that operates, doesn't solely have an objective of profit making. It also has some social obligations or social objectives to fulfill towards the society. This may differ from organization to organization. For example: Some aim at providing basic infrastructure to the people living around, some aim at providing maximum employment, some aim at producing products that are environment friendly.

Personal Objectives: Each and every individual joins an organization for pursuing their personal objectives. Some join for a good package of salary, some join for greater recognition, some just for survival. So, this depends upon individual to individual. It is important for an organization to identify the personal objectives to integrate it with the organizational objectives to bring harmony in the organization. 

Importance of Management

Achievement of group objectives: Management creates coordination and team spirit in the group of individuals. Management also inspires the members of the groups to make their best contribution towards the achievement of the common objective. This common objective is set by the management itself.

Optimum utilization of resources: Management brings together men, money, material, machine in the right proportion to reduce cost and maximize production.

Minimization of Cost: Management improves efficiency and reduces cost through better planning, sound organization and effective control. By eliminating wastage and minimum cost, management helps an organization to face cut throat competition.

Social development: Management increases the standard of living of the people by providing good quality products and services at minimum cost. It also helps in generating employment opportunities and adopting new technologies.

Achievement of personal objectives: Each and every individual joins an organization for pursuing their personal objectives. Some join for a good package of salary, some join for greater recognition, some just for survival. So, this depends upon individual to individual. Management plays an important role in identifying the personal objectives so as to integrate it with the organizational objectives to bring harmony in the organization, as well as successful fulfilment of the personal objectives of the individuals.. 

Nature of Management 

Management has evolved over time, it has become very dynamic in modern times. Earlier it was based on a set of rules and regulations or we may state them as conventions that evolve slowly and gradually as per the ever changing needs. 

Management can be an art, science or a profession.

Management as an Art

Art refers to putting the knowledge and capabilities into practise so as to achieve the desired results. It can be acquired through various methods like observation, study and experience. 

The basic features are as follows :

Existence of theoretical Knowledge: Art involves the application of theoretical knowledge. Management is an art of getting things done through individuals for accomplishment of desired results by putting the available knowledge into practice.

Personalized application: The use of knowledge varies from person to person and hence management is basically an individual skill. Two different people can perform the same type of work but will always differ in the way they perform. For example: two singers will always perform differently.

Based on practice and creativity: Management is goal-oriented and result-oriented. As for art, management also requires practice, continuous practice hones the skills and creativity of an individual.

Hence, management can be considered as an art, as both requires skills, practice and creativity.

Management as a Science : 

A systematized body of information that can be learned by observation and experimentation is referred to as science. It is made of universally acknowledged concepts that define the relationships between causes and effects. 

The following are the essential characteristics of science:

A well-organized body of knowledge: Management is a systematised body of knowledge with its own set of ideas and concepts based on cause-and-effect relationships.

Principle based on experiments and observation: Fundamental principles of management are developed through experiments and observations. Their results can be tested and verified.

Universal Validity: The principles of management have no universal validity and application like that of science. The basics of management is imparted to the managers, rest has to be tailored as per the requirement of the organization and environment.

Thus, management is definitely a science, but a social science as it is based on human behaviour. Human behaviour cannot be subjected to experiments and therefore management can be called soft science.

Management as a Profession.

A vocation that requires specific knowledge, practical training, a service motivation, and a code of conduct is referred to as a profession. 

The following are the essential characteristics of a profession:

Specialized Knowledge: Management has its own set of principles, concepts and is a well defined body of knowledge.

Restricted Entry: Every profession has restricted entry through examination or through educational degree. Though, to build a career in management, it is not necessary to have an educational degree etc.

Statutory Body: Every profession is regulated by a legally recognized body like ICAI for a chartered accountant. Management also have their association like All India Management Association but management associations are not statutory bodies.

Code of Conduct: Like every profession, managers also have a code of conduct, but it does not legally bind a manager as compared to the professional code of conduct.

Service Motive: Managers aim to serve the society similarly like other professions.

Hence we can say management does not possess all the characteristics of a profession.

Levels of Management

There are three levels in management – top level, middle level, lower level.

Top Level Management: Top level management comprises chief executing officer, board of directors, managing directors, president, vice presidents etc. Their responsibility is to decide organizational goals, frame policies, formulate strategies and approve budgets. They are responsible for all the major policy making in the organization. 

Middle Level Management: Middle level management comprises departmental heads, branch managers, divisional heads. Their responsibility is to execute the plans and policies framed by the top level management. They are the ones who connect with the lower level management and instructs, guides and motivates them to reach the goal.

Lower Level Management: Lower or operational level management comprises foremen, supervisors, office manager etc. Their responsibility is implementation of the work and policies under the guidance of middle level management. They also bring employees or workers’ grievances in knowledge of middle level management and maintain discipline among the workers.  

The Functions of Management

Planning: Planning is a process of setting goals and objectives and formulating a strategy and an action plan to achieve it. It bridges the gap between our current position and desired position. This is the basic function of an organization and is the first step of management. 

Organizing: Organizing is the process of establishing authority and responsibility relationships. It involves assigning tasks to individuals and allocating resources for the same.

Staffing: Staffing is a process of placing the right person on the right job at the right time. It includes recruitment, selection, placement, induction and training of employees. It can be called as the Human Resource function of the organization. 

Directing: Directing refers to the process of leading, influencing and motivating the individuals working in the organization to complete the assigned task effectively and efficiently. The employees need to be constantly motivated to perform better. Leadership and motivation are the key components of directing as a function. It tends to bring out the best in an employee.

Controlling: Controlling is the process of keeping a check on the performance of the organization and comparing it with the standards set. Also, corrective actions are taken, in case any deviation is found between the actual and desired results.

Coordination - The Essence of Management

Coordination is a force which synchronizes all the five functions and levels of management in order to achieve the goal of the organization. Coordination is implicit and inherent in all the functions of an organization. 

Without coordination there are chances of overlapping, duplication, delays and chaos in the work. The function of coordination starts from the planning function itself. Coordination thus synchronises the different efforts and actions of various units of the organization.

Characteristics of Coordination 

Coordination integrates group efforts: Coordination integrates group efforts and ensures that the performance of the organization is as per the standards set.

Coordination ensures unity of action: Coordination is a force which binds the various departments and ensures that all efforts are directed towards achieving the organizational goals.

Coordination is a never-ending process: Coordination is a continuous and a never-ending process. It is required from beginning to end, at all the levels of management as well as in all the functions of the organization

Coordination is the responsibility of all managers: It is the duty of all the people working in the organization to work in a responsible manner and coordinate with each other to achieve the objectives or the goals of the organization.

Coordination is a deliberate function: Management deliberately needs to coordinate the efforts of different people working in the organization. Coordination cannot be established with itself rather it is a deliberate and conscious effort on part of every manager.

Coordination is an all pervasive function: Coordination is something which is required everywhere and in every organization be it big or small. It is needed at all levels and at every function of the management.

Importance of Coordination  

Growth in Size: Coordination harmonizes individual goals with the organizational goals. This results in the growth of the organization which results in an increase in the number of people employed with it.

Functional Differentiation: The various departments of the organization have their own objectives, policies and their own style of working. But to achieve organizational objective coordination is important so as to link the activities of all departments.

Specialization: Coordination integrates all the specialists activities into a collective effort. 

Business Studies Chapter 1 Notes PDF - Nature and Significance of Management Class 12

Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 notes is both simple as well as summarising in their explanation of various topics. They depict the causes and need for management in a working firm. 

This section discusses various properties and the need for management in an organisation.

Take a look!

Nature and Significance of Management Notes Class 12 Characteristics

Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes explain the characteristics of management. These properties conduct healthy functioning of grapevines and other pyramid systems in an enterprise. 

The Characteristics include

Goal orientation

Omnipresence

Multiple aspects

Group functioning

Energetic function

Elusive force

NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Nature and Significance of Management Notes with Solution

Objective of management.

This segment of class 12 Business studies Chapter 1 notes PDF with solution discusses the purpose behind management. These objectives ideally include profit-making, money flow and sustainability. 

Student by thorough reading will know that an enterprise follows three significant objectives that are-

Organisational

Social 

These three work together to maintain a harmonious and peaceful work structure. This objective also works to attain an environment-friendly living.

Nature and Significance of Management Notes - Importance of Management

Next, the section of this notes talks about the need for management in a firm. Young learners will understand that management works to form team spirit and coordination among employees. A manager plays a significant role in conducting tasks oriented goals and keeping a tab on completion. They help in improving the efficiency of production and reduction of expenses.  Moreover, they also help employees mentally by offering ways of adaptation and survival.

NCERT Solutions of Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes - Management as Art, Science and Profession

The management works in three ways that are arts, science and professionalism. Managers use their preferred style of supervising possessions and people. They use creativity in the pertaining management method and skills for the improvement of work culture. This feature is quite familiar to the arts stream, making it alike.  Again management is scientific in nature as it concerns the human mind and psychology. Lastly, this stream requires specialised education and skills to handle objectives carefully. This makes it professional in nature.

Apart from these topics, class 12 Business studies chapter 1 notes also carry management related exercises. These questions are crucial to revise for a distinctive marks structure. To achieve this target, students can check the education portal like Vedantu.

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The Nature and Significance of Management class 12 notes by Vedantu provide a comprehensive understanding of business studies chapter 1. These notes, available in PDF format, simplify complex concepts. Management's importance is highlighted, emphasizing its role in achieving organizational goals. Vedantu's notes delve into the fundamental principles and functions of management, making them a valuable resource for Class 12 students. The user-friendly format aids in quick comprehension, ensuring students grasp key ideas easily. Overall, these notes offer a concise and insightful overview of the Nature and Significance of Management, serving as an essential study tool for Class 12 business studies.

FAQs on CBSE Business Studies Chapter 1 - Nature and Significance of Management Class 12 Notes

1. What are the three Levels of Management?

The levels of management in an organisation are determined based on the workload, efficiency, responsibility, and authority of the managers. These levels can be categorised as follows:

Top-level management comprises executives holding the highest position in the organisation, responsible for establishing the overall vision, mission and strategic goals of the organisation.

Middle-level management includes managers who implement the plans and policies made by top-level management and coordinate with lower-level managers.

Lower-level management includes supervisors and team leaders, who monitor and direct the work of non-managerial employees, ensuring that they achieve their targets and goals.

2. What are the functions of management?

Managers carry out a number of connected tasks known as management functions in order to accomplish organisational objectives. These activities include of:

Planning: Setting goals and objectives, coming up with strategies, and making plans to achieve them are all part of planning.

Organising: To accomplish the goals and objectives established during the planning stage, organising entails allocating resources, personnel, and tasks.

Staffing: Employers must be recruited, chosen, trained, and developed in order for them to fulfil their roles in an efficient manner. This process is known as staffing.

Directing: This entails directing and inspiring workers to reach their aims and objectives and ensuring that they are productively contributing to the organisation's overall objectives.

Controlling: To ensure that goals and objectives are met, controlling entails keeping an eye on performance, spotting issues, and taking corrective action.

3. What is coordination? What are its uses?

Coordination takes care of the synchronisation of the healthy functioning of an organisation. Lack of this can lead to duplication, overlapping of work and delay. The three levels of management work simultaneously to produce efficient work. The function of coordination is as follows:

Coordination allows an organisation to achieve common aims and objectives by integrating the efforts of multiple departments and personnel.

Coordination aids in the avoidance of duplication of efforts and the reduction of resource waste.

Coordination provides good communication across departments, organisations, and individuals, which aids in the avoidance of misunderstandings and conflicts.

Optimal resource utilisation: Coordination aids in the efficient and effective utilisation of resources, lowering manufacturing costs and increasing profitability.

Improved decision-making: Coordination assists managers in making informed decisions by delivering accurate and relevant information.

Encourages teamwork: Coordination encourages teamwork among employees, which contributes to the development of a strong work culture and increases morale.

4. What is the importance of management in Class 12 Business Studies?

Management is needed for achieving business goals. Management is important for the production of goods and services. It helps an organization to work as a team and achieve business goals. Management helps in reducing the cost and increasing the production of goods. It helps an organization to face the competition. It also helps the company to use effective and modern strategies for increasing good production and helps in the upliftment of business.

5. What is the meaning of management Class 12 Business Studies?

Management means the collection of all activities and actions that helps in the smooth functioning of the business or an organization. It helps in organizing the different tools that are necessary for the growth of a business. Management means the effective use of men's power, materials, money, and tools for the production of goods and services. Management is an effective strategy that is used by an organization to run business effectively.

6. What are the principles of management Class 12 Business Studies?

Principles of management refer to some sort of truth based on cause and effect. Principles guide us to take proper actions and make decisions. The principles of management can be applied to different companies, either big or small. People following the principles of management can solve their problems easily. Principles can help people to find solutions for their problems. 

7. What is the nature and significance of management?

Management directs an organization to achieve goals. Management is an art and science. It is an art because it involves the creativity of different measures for achieving goals. It is a science because it is based on certain principles and involves systemic knowledge. Management is important because it provides employees with useful tools to enhance productivity, schemes to use the resources, help in making decisions, and also help in adapting to the changing environment.

8. What are the features of management Class 12?

Important features of management include:

Management is goal-oriented in the sense that it strives to achieve specified organisational goals and objectives.

Management ideas and strategies can be used in every organisation, regardless of its size, nature, or location.

Management is an interdisciplinary field that draws ideas and approaches from numerous disciplines such as economics, psychology, sociology, and so on.

Management is a continuous process that entails planning, organising, staffing, directing, and managing activities in order to achieve organisational goals.

Group activity: Management entails collaborating with others and coordinating their efforts to attain organisational goals.

Management is a dynamic function that changes and adapts to the changing environment and organisational requirements.

Management is an intangible job since it requires the application of information, skills, and abilities to attain organisational goals.

Management is a situational function that requires managers to adjust their management approach to various settings and circumstances.

Study Materials for Class 12