sommaire type business plan

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La structure du business plan

Le business plan est le document de travail de base de tout créateur ou repreneur d’entreprise. Le business plan doit être établi avec beaucoup de sérieux compte tenu des nombreux objectifs auxquels il répond.

Un point très important consiste à structurer votre business plan correctement, ce qui permet d’avoir une démarche cohérente dans son établissement et d’aborder tous les points essentiels du projet.

N’oubliez pas que les autres lecteurs de votre business plan n’ont pas la même connaissance que vous du projet, la compréhension de ce dernier est donc plus délicate. Un business plan bien structuré est donc primordial.

En conséquence,  Le Coin des Entrepreneurs  vous propose une structure type de business plan possible, qui doit toutefois être ajusté en fonction de votre projet.

Pour commencer, il convient de présenter rapidement le projet en introduction et d’élaborer le sommaire de votre business plan.

Le sommaire du business plan peut être articulé autour des 3 parties suivantes :

• 1ère partie : la présentation du projet, du marché et de la stratégie,
• 2ème partie : la présentation du porteur de projet, de l’équipe et de la structure,
• 3ème partie : les prévisions financières.

Nous donnerons plus de détails ci-dessous sur chacunes de ces parties du business plan.

1 ère partie : projet, marché et stratégie

Dans cette première partie du business plan, l’objectif est de présenter votre projet, donc l’offre que vous envisagez de proposer, le marché que vous souhaitez « attaquer » et la stratégie adoptée.

La structure de cette première partie peut se présenter de la manière suivante :

• Présentation du projet et de votre offre : il convient d’être clair et d’expliquer précisemment le ou les produit(s) ou service(s) que vous envisagez de proposer (fonctionnalités, technologies employées, avantages, prix, marché visé…).
• Analyse du marché sur lequel vous souhaitez vous positionner : étude de l’offre et de la demande, analyse de la concurrence, tendances, perspectives… Vous pouvez pour cela vous appuyer sur une étude de marché .
• Présentation de votre stratégie pour lancer votre projet : il convient d’aborder ici la stratégie commerciale , le marketing, la communication, les sources d’approvisionnements, les moyens, le déroulement de la production, le calendrier de mise en place…

A l’issue de cette première étape, le lecteur du business plan doit connaitre ce que vous souhaitez proposer, le marché visé et comment vous allez faire pour lancer votre projet.

2 ème partie : le porteur de projet et la structure

La seconde partie du business plan porte sur le porteur de projet, éventuellement l’équipe consacrée à sa réalisation et sur le cadre juridique du projet.

La structure de cette partie peut se présenter ainsi :

• Présentation du porteur de projet : carrière, expérience, compétences… cela doit permettre aux lecteurs de juger si vous avez la capacité de gérer le projet.
• Explications sur les motivations qui conduisent à lancer le projet : pourquoi vous lancez-vous dans ce projet ?
• Eventuellement, présentation de l’équipe de direction ou des acteurs majeurs liés au projet : il s’agit de présenter les éventuelles autres personnes importantes qui vont participer.
• Présentation de la forme juridique de l’entreprise et de la composition de son capital .

A l’issue de cette seconde partie, le lecteur du business plan doit être en mesure de savoir si vous êtes en mesure de gérer le projet et éventuellement bien entourer, si vous avez de bonnes raisons de vous lancer et comment vous envisagez de démarrer le projet juridiquement.

3 ème partie : le prévisionnel

Enfin, la dernière partie du business plan est consacrée aux prévisions financières.

Le prévisionnel financier doit au moins contenir les états suivants :

• un compte de résultat prévisionnel,
• un bilan prévisionnel,
• un budget prévisionnel de trésorerie mensuel,
• un tableau de financement ,
• un tableau des investissements,
• le calcul du besoin en fonds de roulement,
• et le calcul du seuil de rentabilité .

Conseil : il est important de commenter ses différents tableaux financiers, d’apporter des explications et de faire des liens avec les deux autres parties.

A l’issue de cette dernière partie, le lecteur du business plan doit être en mesure de savoir si votre projet est rentable, solide et cohérent financièrement.

À lire également sur le business plan  :

• L’étude de marché
• Les objectifs du business plan
• Business plan : les erreurs à éviter

1 commentaire sur “La structure du business plan”

Bonjour, Je lis avec intérêt votre article sur la structure du Business plan. Ce document est incontournable dans le dossier de demande de financement. Mais, il est très mal connu et par conséquent mal élaboré par certains porteurs de projets. Je trouve que l’article a valeur pédagogique. Merci

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Le sommaire d’un Business Plan

Un Business Plan est un outil de repère pour un entrepreneur dans La phase de création d’un projet ou d’une entreprise. Dans le domaine de entrepreneuriat, la création d’un projet requiert la réalisation d’un Business Plan afin de réussir le projet.

Un Business Plan dispose aussi comme objectif d’être une réponse à toute question qui pourrait se poser à propos d’un projet. Toutes réponses à chacun des questionnements sur un projet doivent donc se trouver à l’intérieur d’un Business Plan.

Pour finir, un business plan est employé dans le but d’avoir une amélioration d’un projet. Ce qui veut dire que le bilan prévisionnel apportera un excellent changement à un projet. L’entrepreneur, après avoir dressé un business plan, réalisera les erreurs qui pourraient figurer dans son projet initial. L’erreur peut ainsi être réparée. Par exemple, si le bilan prévisionnel montre que le projet n’est pas viable à cause du surréalisme des nombres de ventes à atteindre, le business plan permettra de détecter cette erreur et d’y remédier en procédant au réajustement du projet.

• Pour réussir à rédiger un business plan, il est essentiel de connaitre comment est la structure d’un business plan. Vous trouverez dans cet article le nécessaire à savoir sur le sommaire d’un business plan.

Le document nommé Business Plan constitue une paperasse obligatoire à la création d’une entreprise ou à la réalisation d’un projet d’entreprise. L’importance d’un Business Plan montre à quel point il ne peut se séparer de la phase de réalisation de projet ou de lancement d’une entreprise.

Cette importance prouve qu’un Business Plan n’est indispensable pour rien. Si le Business Plan fait partie de des données à fournir afin de réaliser un projet, c’est qu’il comprend un but ultime. Un Business Plan peut avoir une structure de trois parties

Profil des entrepreneurs

Le sommaire d’un business plan doit contenir une présentation sur le profil du porteur de projet comme le diplôme, l’expérience et le parcours professionnel.

Cet élément du Business Plan consiste à citer le curriculum vitae des entrepreneurs. Ceci dit, la situation personnelle des entrepreneurs doit y être. Il doit également y avoir sa situation professionnelle, s’il est un étudiant, ou un salarié ou encore en attente d’emploi.

Sans oublier de mentionner les expériences professionnelles et les diplômes acquis par les entrepreneurs en charge du projet.  Connaitre le profil des entrepreneurs est très nécessaire afin de réaliser que les capacités de ces entrepreneurs correspondent au projet à réaliser. La connaissance du profil des entrepreneurs peut également influencer la décision des investisseurs.

Description du projet

Un Business Plan se doit de bien décrire le projet dont il fait l’objet. Nombreux sont les éléments à mentionner dans cette partie. D’abord, il doit présenter la genèse du projet c’est-à-dire comment l’idée du projet est-il né et l’événement qui a déclenché la création du projet. Puis, le Business Plan doit être présenté avec la meilleure connaissance du projet en détaillant avec précision de divers éléments.

Parmi ces éléments, il doit y avoir l’aspect juridique de l’entreprise, son capital social et sa répartition avec la structure de l’entreprise, les besoins couverts par l’entreprise ainsi que la particularité innovant du projet. Et surtout, un Business Plan doit définir le but du projet ou de l’entreprise à créer pour mieux comprendre le projet. Ces informations sur le projet sont primordiales pour la décision des investisseurs.

Organisation du projet

Cette partie doit indiquer le lieu de travail, la méthode de gestion administrative avec la date de clôture des exercices comptables, doit également énumérer qui sont les banques partenaires et les conseillers. Ces indications sont susceptibles de faire effet sur les avis des investisseurs.

Etude du marché

L’étude du marché doit se passer en deux étapes.

D’un côté, il doit être prouvé dans un Business Plan qu’il existe un marché qui correspond à l’entreprise. La cible visée par le projet et les besoins de la cible doit y être, les services offerts par les concurrents et le coût de ces services. Afin de rassurer les investisseurs, la réalité du marché doit donc être prouvée.

De l’autre côté, une fois que la réalité du marché est démontrée, il est utile de sortir les arguments soutenant la plus-value du projet à l’aide d’enquête sur terrain auprès des cibles et les tendances actuelles de consommation.

Cet élément porte sur la manière dont les entrepreneurs vont procéder pour réussir le projet et la faire marcher. Il s’agit de la publicité, l’introduction du projet sur le marché, la réputation, la communication. Dans le but de pouvoir appliquer la stratégie commerciale, il s’avère nécessaire de déterminer le montant exacte du budget à consacrer pour l’accomplissement de la stratégie.

Prévisionnel financier

Un prévisionnel financier doit apparaitre dans le sommaire d’un business plan

Prévisions financières

Cette partie doit préciser les rémunérations et les frais rattachés au personnel avec les charges sociales sans omettre les détails sur les équipes salariées.

Un chiffre d’affaire prévisionnel doit figurer dans le Business Plan afin de montrer aux investisseurs que le projet est possible à réaliser. Il apportera beaucoup de détails sur la vente que va réaliser l’entreprise. Le chiffre d’affaire se détermine en ciblant les clients pour ensuite multiplier le panier moyen avec le nombre de clients de l’entreprise. Il s’agit plus précisément des charges fixes de l’entreprise par la détermination et la prévision des dépenses envisageables qui sont les assurances, les locations, les honoraires comptables, les frais de communication et les dépenses relatives à la consommation d’énergie.

Le compte de résultat représente la praticabilité du projet, la manière dont se voit les entrepreneurs dans quelques années. Cela peut signifier comme une vision de ce que sera l’entreprise dans le futur. Ce compte de résultat pourra être déterminé à l’aide des charges annuelles et les chiffres d’affaires prévisionnels.

Etat de trésorerie

Il est important de préciser aux investisseurs l’état de la trésorerie de l’entreprise. Il se présente sous forme de tableau. Cette partie doit prouver aux investisseurs que l’entreprise est solvable. Un budget pour les dépenses qui aura lieu le long du mois doit être mentionner dans le Business Plan dans le dessein de savoir combien l’entreprise a besoin pour combler ces dépenses. Il doit être prouvé que les investissements actuels ou à venir sera utile pour l’entreprise. Cette partie du Business Plan indique le solde qui est égale à la différence entre le budget des finances entrant et le budget des finances sortants.

Plan de financement

Le plan de financement se concrétise en tableau et compose les éléments suivants. Un Business Plan doit toujours préciser le plan de financement envisagé par l’entreprise. Elle apporte des détails sur la façon dont les ressources et apports obtenu par l’entreprise vont aider à financer les projets de l’entreprise. Cette étape est primordiale afin de conquérir les investisseurs. Le montant précis des investissements et des financements est également à préciser. Il s’agit du montant exact du capital si c’est en argent ou l’état du capital si c’est des biens avec leur répartition respective.

Bilan prévisionnel

Un bilan prévisionnel est une partie très importante dans un Business Plan. Cette partie précise les actifs de l’entreprise c’est-à-dire ce que l’entreprise a en sa possession mais aussi ses passifs qui détermine ce que doit l’entreprise.

Ceci dit, cet élément concerne la propriété financière de l’entité avec ses dettes. Il est trop important de réaliser quelles sont les forces de l’entreprise c’est-à-dire ses qualités qui assureront le succès du projet. Sans oublier les faiblesses à remédier pouvant nuire au succès de l’entreprise. Il faut se rendre compte des opportunités que l’entreprise peut saisir si les entrepreneurs veulent avoir du succès auprès des clients. Aussi, afin de se méfier, il faut également repérer les menaces.

Indicateur de viabilité de l’entreprise

Cette partie se présente comme des indices qui prouve que le projet ou l’entreprise est rentable et en bonne santé. Les indices sont le seuil de rentabilité, la capacité d’autofinancement, la performance de l’entreprise par le biais des ratios d’exploitation ainsi que les soldes intermédiaires de gestion.

Un Business Plan a pour but de fournir beaucoup d’information sur le projet à réaliser. En effet, le plan permet de savoir la genèse du projet, de connaitre qui sont les entrepreneurs. L’aperçu d’un Business Plan doit faire l’effet d’un document pas compliqué mais qui montre bien les détails sur le projet. Le but ultime d’un Business Plan c’est de garantir qu’après l’avoir lu et vu, l’entrepreneur et les tiers seront en mesure de connaitre et surtout de comprendre le projet avec facilité.

Le business plan est donc une réponse à toutes questions qui se posent concernant le projet. Il sert également de repère pour le porteur de projet afin d’avoir les idées plus claires sur le projet. Il limite aussi les erreurs les possibilités d’échouer. En tout, le business plan a pour but de permettre la vision du projet, la prévision et la cohérence entre ces deux. 

Cet article peut servir de référence pour ceux qui souhaite réaliser un business plan mais ne savent pas comment s’y prendre. Maintenant vous connaissez le plan détaillé d’un Business Plan. Vous êtes dans ce cas en mesure de créer votre propre business plan sans problème.

Cliquez-ici et bénéficiez rapidement d’un business plan complet , certifié par un expert des enjeux comptables , fiscaux , financiers et juridiques .

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How to Write a Business Plan (Plus Examples & Templates)

Have you ever wondered how to write a business plan step by step? Mike Andes, told us: 

This guide will help you write a business plan to impress investors.

Throughout this process, we’ll get information from Mike Andes, who started Augusta Lawn Care Services when he was 12 and turned it into a franchise with over 90 locations. He has gone on to help others learn how to write business plans and start businesses.  He knows a thing or two about writing  business plans!

We’ll start by discussing the definition of a business plan. Then we’ll discuss how to come up with the idea, how to do the market research, and then the important elements in the business plan format. Keep reading to start your journey!

What Is a Business Plan?

A business plan is simply a road map of what you are trying to achieve with your business and how you will go about achieving it. It should cover all elements of your business including: 

• Finding customers
• Plans for developing a team
•  Competition
• Legal structures
• Key milestones you are pursuing

If you aren’t quite ready to create a business plan, consider starting by reading our business startup guide .

Get a Business Idea

Before you can write a business plan, you have to have a business idea. You may see a problem that needs to be solved and have an idea how to solve it, or you might start by evaluating your interests and skills. 

Mike told us, “The three things I suggest asking yourself when thinking about starting a business are:

• What am I good at?
• What would I enjoy doing?
• What can I get paid for?”

If all three of these questions don’t lead to at least one common answer, it will probably be a much harder road to success. Either there is not much market for it, you won’t be good at it, or you won’t enjoy doing it. 

As Mike told us, “There’s enough stress starting and running a business that if you don’t like it or aren’t good at it, it’s hard to succeed.”

If you’d like to hear more about Mike’s approach to starting a business, check out our YouTube video

Conduct Market Analysis

Market analysis is focused on establishing if there is a target market for your products and services, how large the target market is, and identifying the demographics of people or businesses that would be interested in the product or service. The goal here is to establish how much money your business concept can make.

Product and Service Demand

A search engine is your best friend when trying to figure out if there is demand for your products and services. Personally, I love using presearch.org because it lets you directly search on a ton of different platforms including Google, Youtube, Twitter, and more. Check out the screenshot for the full list of search options.

With quick web searches, you can find out how many competitors you have, look through their reviews, and see if there are common complaints about the competitors. Bad reviews are a great place to find opportunities to offer better products or services. 

If there are no similar products or services, you may have stumbled upon something new, or there may just be no demand for it. To find out, go talk to your most honest friend about the idea and see what they think. If they tell you it’s dumb or stare at you vacantly, there’s probably no market for it.

You can also conduct a survey through social media to get public opinion on your idea. Using Facebook Business Manager , you could get a feel for who would be interested in your product or service.

 I ran a quick test of how many people between 18-65  you could reach in the U.S. during a week. It returned an estimated 700-2,000 for the total number of leads, which is enough to do a fairly accurate statistical analysis.

Identify Demographics of Target Market

Depending on what type of business you want to run, your target market will be different. The narrower the demographic, the fewer potential customers you’ll have. If you did a survey, you’ll be able to use that data to help define your target audience. Some considerations you’ll want to consider are:

• Other Interests
• Marital Status
• Do they have kids?

Once you have this information, it can help you narrow down your options for location and help define your marketing further. One resource that Mike recommended using is the Census Bureau’s Quick Facts Map . He told us,  

“It helps you quickly evaluate what the best areas are for your business to be located.”

How to Write a Business Plan

Now that you’ve developed your idea a little and established there is a market for it, you can begin writing a business plan. Getting started is easier with the business plan template we created for you to download. I strongly recommend using it as it is updated to make it easier to create an action plan. 

Each of the following should be a section of your business plan:

• Business Plan Cover Page
• Table of Contents
• Executive Summary
• Company Description
• Description of Products and Services

SWOT Analysis

• Competitor Data
• Competitive Analysis
• Marketing Expenses Strategy 

Pricing Strategy

• Distribution Channel Assessment
• Operational Plan
• Management and Organizational Strategy
• Financial Statements and/or Financial Projections

We’ll look into each of these. Don’t forget to download our free business plan template (mentioned just above) so you can follow along as we go. 

How to Write a Business Plan Step 1. Create a Cover Page

The first thing investors will see is the cover page for your business plan. Make sure it looks professional. A great cover page shows that you think about first impressions.

A good business plan should have the following elements on a cover page:

• Professionally designed logo
• Company name
• Mission or Vision Statement
• Contact Info

Basically, think of a cover page for your business plan like a giant business card. It is meant to capture people’s attention but be quickly processed.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 2. Create a Table of Contents

Most people are busy enough that they don’t have a lot of time. Providing a table of contents makes it easy for them to find the pages of your plan that are meaningful to them.

A table of contents will be immediately after the cover page, but you can include it after the executive summary. Including the table of contents immediately after the executive summary will help investors know what section of your business plan they want to review more thoroughly.

Check out Canva’s article about creating a  table of contents . It has a ton of great information about creating easy access to each section of your business plan. Just remember that you’ll want to use different strategies for digital and hard copy business plans.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 3. Write an Executive Summary

An executive summary is where your business plan should catch the readers interest.  It doesn’t need to be long, but should be quick and easy to read.

Mike told us,

How long should an executive summary bein an informal business plan?

For casual use, an executive summary should be similar to an elevator pitch, no more than 150-160 words, just enough to get them interested and wanting more. Indeed has a great article on elevator pitches .  This can also be used for the content of emails to get readers’ attention.

It consists of three basic parts:

• An introduction to you and your business.
• What your business is about.
• A call to action

Example of an informal executive summary 

One of the best elevator pitches I’ve used is:

So far that pitch has achieved a 100% success rate in getting partnerships for the business.

What should I include in an executive summary for investors?

Investors are going to need a more detailed executive summary if you want to secure financing or sell equity. The executive summary should be a brief overview of your entire business plan and include:

• Introduction of yourself and company.
• An origin story (Recognition of a problem and how you came to solution)
• An introduction to your products or services.
• Your unique value proposition. Make sure to include intellectual property.
• Where you are in the business life cycle
• Request and why you need it.

Successful business plan examples

The owner of Urbanity told us he spent 2 months writing a 75-page business plan and received a $250,000 loan from the bank when he was 23. Make your business plan as detailed as possible when looking for financing. We’ve provided a template to help you prepare the portions of a business plan that banks expect.

Here’s the interview with the owner of Urbanity:

When to write an executive summary?

Even though the summary is near the beginning of a business plan, you should write it after you complete the rest of a business plan. You can’t talk about revenue, profits, and expected expenditures if you haven’t done the market research and created a financial plan.

What mistakes do people make when writing an executive summary?

Business owners commonly go into too much detail about the following items in an executive summary:

• Marketing and sales processes
• Financial statements
• Organizational structure
• Market analysis

These are things that people will want to know later, but they don’t hook the reader. They won’t spark interest in your small business, but they’ll close the deal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 4. Company Description

Every business plan should include a company description. A great business plan will include the following elements while describing the company:

• Mission statement
• Philosophy and vision
• Company goals

Target market

• Legal structure

Let’s take a look at what each section includes in a good business plan.

Mission Statement

A mission statement is a brief explanation of why you started the company and what the company’s main focus is. It should be no more than one or two sentences. Check out HubSpot’s article 27 Inspiring Mission Statement for a great read on informative and inspiring mission and vision statements. 

Company Philosophy and Vision

The company philosophy is what drives your company. You’ll normally hear them called core values.  These are the building blocks that make your company different. You want to communicate your values to customers, business owners, and investors as often as possible to build a company culture, but make sure to back them up.

What makes your company different?

Each company is different. Your new business should rise above the standard company lines of honesty, integrity, fun, innovation, and community when communicating your business values. The standard answers are corporate jargon and lack authenticity. 

Examples of core values

One of my clients decided to add a core values page to their website. As a tech company they emphasized the values:

•  Prioritize communication.
•  Never stop learning.
•  Be transparent.
•  Start small and grow incrementally.

These values communicate how the owner and the rest of the company operate. They also show a value proposition and competitive advantage because they specifically focus on delivering business value from the start. These values also genuinely show what the company is about and customers recognize the sincerity. Indeed has a great blog about how to identify your core values .

What is a vision statement?

A vision statement communicate the long lasting change a business pursues. The vision helps investors and customers understand what your company is trying to accomplish. The vision statement goes beyond a mission statement to provide something meaningful to the community, customer’s lives, or even the world.

Example vision statements

The Alzheimer’s Association is a great example of a vision statement:

A world without Alzheimer’s Disease and other dementia.

It clearly tells how they want to change the world. A world without Alzheimers might be unachievable, but that means they always have room for improvement.

Business Goals

You have to measure success against goals for a business plan to be meaningful. A business plan helps guide a company similar to how your GPS provides a road map to your favorite travel destination. A goal to make as much money as possible is not inspirational and sounds greedy.

Sure, business owners want to increase their profits and improve customer service, but they need to present an overview of what they consider success. The goals should help everyone prioritize their work.

How far in advance should a business plan?

Business planning should be done at least one year in advance, but many banks and investors prefer three to five year business plans. Longer plans show investors that the management team  understands the market and knows the business is operating in a constantly shifting market. In addition, a plan helps businesses to adjust to changes because they have already considered how to handle them.

Example of great business goals

My all time-favorite long-term company goals are included in Tesla’s Master Plan, Part Deux . These goals were written in 2016 and drive the company’s decisions through 2026. They are the reason that investors are so forgiving when Elon Musk continually fails to meet his quarterly and annual goals.

If the progress aligns with the business plan investors are likely to continue to believe in the company. Just make sure the goals are reasonable or you’ll be discredited (unless you’re Elon Musk).

You did target market research before creating a business plan. Now it’s time to add it to the plan so others understand what your ideal customer looks like. As a new business owner, you may not be considered an expert in your field yet, so document everything. Make sure the references you use are from respectable sources. 

Use information from the specific lender when you are applying for lending. Most lenders provide industry research reports and using their data can strengthen the position of your business plan.

A small business plan should include a section on the external environment. Understanding the industry is crucial because we don’t plan a business in a vacuum. Make sure to research the industry trends, competitors, and forecasts. I personally prefer IBIS World for my business research. Make sure to answer questions like:

• What is the industry outlook long-term and short-term?
• How will your business take advantage of projected industry changes and trends?
• What might happen to your competitors and how will your business successfully compete?

Industry resources

Some helpful resources to help you establish more about your industry are:

• Trade Associations
• Federal Reserve
• Bureau of Labor Statistics

Legal Structure

There are five basic types of legal structures that most people will utilize:

• Sole proprietorships
• Limited Liability Companies (LLC)

Partnerships

Corporations.

• Franchises.

Each business structure has their pros and cons. An LLC is the most common legal structure due to its protection of personal assets and ease of setting up. Make sure to specify how ownership is divided and what roles each owner plays when you have more than one business owner.

You’ll have to decide which structure is best for you, but we’ve gathered information on each to make it easier.

Sole Proprietorship

A sole proprietorship is the easiest legal structure to set up but doesn’t protect the owner’s personal assets from legal issues. That means if something goes wrong, you could lose both your company and your home.

To start a sole proprietorship, fill out a special tax form called a  Schedule C . Sole proprietors can also join the American Independent Business Alliance .

Limited Liability Company (LLC)

An LLC is the most common business structure used in the United States because an LLC protects the owner’s personal assets. It’s similar to partnerships and corporations, but can be a single-member LLC in most states. An LLC requires a document called an operating agreement.

Each state has different requirements. Here’s a link to find your state’s requirements . Delaware and Nevada are common states to file an LLC because they are really business-friendly. Here’s a blog on the top 10 states to get an LLC.

Partnerships are typically for legal firms. If you choose to use a partnership choose a Limited Liability Partnership. Alternatively, you can just use an LLC.

Corporations are typically for massive organizations. Corporations have taxes on both corporate and income tax so unless you plan on selling stock, you are better off considering an LLC with S-Corp status . Investopedia has good information corporations here .

There are several opportunities to purchase successful franchises. TopFranchise.com has a list of companies in a variety of industries that offer franchise opportunities. This makes it where an entrepreneur can benefit from the reputation of an established business that has already worked out many of the kinks of starting from scratch.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 5. Products and Services

This section of the business plan should focus on what you sell, how you source it, and how you sell it. You should include:

• Unique features that differentiate your business products from competitors
• Intellectual property
• Your supply chain
• Cost and pricing structure 

Questions to answer about your products and services

Mike gave us a list  of the most important questions to answer about your product and services:

• How will you be selling the product? (in person, ecommerce, wholesale, direct to consumer)?
• How do you let them know they need a product?
• How do you communicate the message?
• How will you do transactions?
• How much will you be selling it for?
• How many do you think you’ll sell and why?

Make sure to use the worksheet on our business plan template .

How to Write a Business Plan Step 6. Sales and Marketing Plan

The marketing and sales plan is focused on the strategy to bring awareness to your company and guides how you will get the product to the consumer.  It should contain the following sections:

SWOT Analysis stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Not only do you want to identify them, but you also want to document how the business plans to deal with them.

Business owners need to do a thorough job documenting how their service or product stacks up against the competition.

If proper research isn’t done, investors will be able to tell that the owner hasn’t researched the competition and is less likely to believe that the team can protect its service from threats by the more well-established competition. This is one of the most common parts of a presentation that trips up business owners presenting on Shark Tank .

SWOT Examples

Examples of strengths and weaknesses could be things like the lack of cash flow, intellectual property ownership, high costs of suppliers, and customers’ expectations on shipping times.

Opportunities could be ways to capitalize on your strengths or improve your weaknesses, but may also be gaps in the industry. This includes:

• Adding offerings that fit with your current small business
• Increase sales to current customers
• Reducing costs through bulk ordering
• Finding ways to reduce inventory
•  And other areas you can improve

Threats will normally come from outside of the company but could also be things like losing a key member of the team. Threats normally come from competition, regulations, taxes, and unforeseen events.

The management team should use the SWOT analysis to guide other areas of business planning, but it absolutely has to be done before a business owner starts marketing. 

Include Competitor Data in Your Business Plan

When you plan a business, taking into consideration the strengths and weaknesses of the competition is key to navigating the field. Providing an overview of your competition and where they are headed shows that you are invested in understanding the industry.

For smaller businesses, you’ll want to search both the company and the owners names to see what they are working on. For publicly held corporations, you can find their quarterly and annual reports on the SEC website .

What another business plans to do can impact your business. Make sure to include things that might make it attractive for bigger companies to outsource to a small business.

Marketing Strategy

The marketing and sales part of business plans should be focused on how you are going to make potential customers aware of your business and then sell to them.

If you haven’t already included it, Mike recommends:

“They’ll want to know about Demographics, ages, and wealth of your target market.”

Make sure to include the Total addressable market .  The term refers to the value if you captured 100% of the market.

Advertising Strategy

You’ll explain what formats of advertising you’ll be using. Some possibilities are:

• Online: Facebook and Google are the big names to work with here.
• Print : Print can be used to reach broad groups or targeted markets. Check out this for tips .
• Radio : iHeartMedia is one of the best ways to advertise on the radio
• Cable television : High priced, hard to measure ROI, but here’s an explanation of the process
• Billboards: Attracting customers with billboards can be beneficial in high traffic areas.

You’ll want to define how you’ll be using each including frequency, duration, and cost. If you have the materials already created, including pictures or links to the marketing to show creative assets.

Mike told us “Most businesses are marketing digitally now due to Covid, but that’s not always the right answer.”

Make sure the marketing strategy will help team members or external marketing agencies stay within the brand guidelines .

This section of a business plan should be focused on pricing. There are a ton of pricing strategies that may work for different business plans. Which one will work for you depends on what kind of a business you run.

Some common pricing strategies are:

• Value-based pricing – Commonly used with home buying and selling or other products that are status symbols.
• Skimming pricing – Commonly seen in video game consoles, price starts off high to recoup expenses quickly, then reduces over time.
• Competition-based pricing – Pricing based on competitors’ pricing is commonly seen at gas stations.
• Freemium services –  Commonly used for software, where there is a free plan, then purchase options for more functionality.

HubSpot has a great calculator and blog on pricing strategies.

Beyond explaining what strategy your business plans to use, you should include references for how you came to this pricing strategy and how it will impact your cash flow.

Distribution Plan

This part of a business plan is focused on how the product or service is going to go through the supply chain. These may include multiple divisions or multiple companies. Make sure to include any parts of the workflow that are automated so investors can see where cost savings are expected and when.

Supply Chain Examples

For instance, lawn care companies  would need to cover aspects such as:

• Suppliers for lawn care equipment and tools
• Any chemicals or treatments needed
• Repair parts for sprinkler systems
• Vehicles to transport equipment and employees
• Insurance to protect the company vehicles and people.

Examples of Supply Chains

These are fairly flat supply chains compared to something like a clothing designer where the clothes would go through multiple vendors. A clothing company might have the following supply chain:

• Raw materials
• Shipping of raw materials
• Converting of raw materials to thread
• Shipping thread to produce garments
• Garment producer
• Shipping to company
• Company storage
• Shipping to retail stores

There have been advances such as print on demand that eliminate many of these steps. If you are designing completely custom clothing, all of this would need to be planned to keep from having business disruptions.

The main thing to include in the business plan is the list of suppliers, the path the supply chain follows, the time from order to the customer’s home, and the costs associated with each step of the process.

According to BizPlanReview , a business plan without this information is likely to get rejected because they have failed to research the key elements necessary to make sales to the customer.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 7. Company Organization and Operational Plan

This part of the business plan is focused on how the business model will function while serving customers.  The business plan should provide an overview of  how the team will manage the following aspects:

Quality Control

• Legal environment

Let’s look at each for some insight.

Production has already been discussed in previous sections so I won’t go into it much. When writing a business plan for investors, try to avoid repetition as it creates a more simple business plan.

If the organizational plan will be used by the team as an overview of how to perform the best services for the customer, then redundancy makes more sense as it communicates what is important to the business.

Quality control policies help to keep the team focused on how to verify that the company adheres to the business plan and meets or exceeds customer expectations.

Quality control can be anything from a standard that says “all labels on shirts can be no more than 1/16″ off center” to a defined checklist of steps that should be performed and filled out for every customer.

There are a variety of organizations that help define quality control including:

• International Organization for Standardization – Quality standards for energy, technology, food, production environments, and cybersecurity
• AICPA – Standard defined for accounting.
• The Joint Commission – Healthcare
• ASHRAE – HVAC best practices

You can find lists of the organizations that contribute most to the government regulation of industries on Open Secrets . Research what the leaders in your field are doing. Follow their example and implement it in your quality control plan.

For location, you should use information from the market research to establish where the location will be. Make sure to include the following in the location documentation.

• The size of your location
• The type of building (retail, industrial, commercial, etc.)
• Zoning restrictions – Urban Wire has a good map on how zoning works in each state
• Accessibility – Does it meet ADA requirements?
• Costs including rent, maintenance, utilities, insurance and any buildout or remodeling costs
• Utilities – b.e.f. has a good energy calculator .

Legal Environment

The legal requirement section is focused on defining how to meet the legal requirements for your industry. A good business plan should include all of the following:

• Any licenses and/or permits that are needed and whether you’ve obtained them
• Any trademarks, copyrights, or patents that you have or are in the process of applying for
• The insurance coverage your business requires and how much it costs
• Any environmental, health, or workplace regulations affecting your business
• Any special regulations affecting your industry
• Bonding requirements, if applicable

Your local SBA office can help you establish requirements in your area. I strongly recommend using them. They are a great resource.

Your business plan should include a plan for company organization and hiring. While you may be the only person with the company right now, down the road you’ll need more people. Make sure to consider and document the answers to the following questions:

• What is the current leadership structure and what will it look like in the future?
• What types of employees will you have? Are there any licensing or educational requirements?
• How many employees will you need?
• Will you ever hire freelancers or independent contractors?
• What is each position’s job description?
• What is the pay structure (hourly, salaried, base plus commission, etc.)?
• How do you plan to find qualified employees and contractors?

One of the most crucial parts of a business plan is the organizational chart. This simply shows the positions the company will need, who is in charge of them and the relationship of each of them. It will look similar to this:

Our small business plan template has a much more in-depth organizational chart you can edit to include when you include the organizational chart in your business plan.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 8. Financial Statements 

No business plan is complete without financial statements or financial projections. The business plan format will be different based on whether you are writing a business plan to expand a business or a startup business plan. Let’s dig deeper into each.

Provide All Financial Income from an Existing Business

An existing business should use their past financial documents including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement to find trends to estimate the next 3-5 years.

You can create easy trendlines in excel to predict future revenue, profit and loss, cash flow, and other changes in year-over-year performance. This will show your expected performance assuming business continues as normal.

If you are seeking an investment, then the business is probably not going to continue as normal. Depending on the financial plan and the purpose of getting financing, adjustments may be needed to the following:

• Higher Revenue if expanding business
• Lower Cost of Goods Sold if purchasing inventory with bulk discounts
• Adding interest if utilizing financing (not equity deal)
• Changes in expenses
• Addition of financing information to the cash flow statement
• Changes in Earnings per Share on the balance sheet

Financial modeling is a challenging subject, but there are plenty of low-cost courses on the subject. If you need help planning your business financial documentation take some time to watch some of them.

Make it a point to document how you calculated all the changes to the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement in your business plan so that key team members or investors can verify your research.

Financial Projections For A Startup Business Plan

Unlike an existing business, a startup doesn’t have previous success to model its future performance. In this scenario, you need to focus on how to make a business plan realistic through the use of industry research and averages.

Mike gave the following advice in his interview:

Financial Forecasting Mistakes

One of the things a lot of inexperienced people use is the argument, “If I get one percent of the market, it is worth $100 million.” If you use this, investors are likely to file the document under bad business plan examples.

Let’s use custom t-shirts as an example.

Credence Research estimated in 2018 there were 11,334,800,000 custom t-shirts sold for a total of $206.12 Billion, with a 6% compound annual growth rate.

With that data,  you can calculate that the industry will grow to $270 Billion in 2023 and that the average shirt sold creates $18.18 in revenue.

Combine that with an IBIS World estimate of 11,094 custom screen printers and that means even if you become an average seller, you’ll get .009% of the market.

Here’s a table for easier viewing of that information.

The point here is to make sure your business proposal examples make sense.

You’ll need to know industry averages such as cost of customer acquisition, revenue per customer, the average cost of goods sold, and admin costs to be able to create accurate estimates.

Our simple business plan templates walk you through most of these processes. If you follow them you’ll have a good idea of how to write a business proposal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 9. Business Plan Example of Funding Requests

What is a business plan without a plan on how to obtain funding?

The Small Business Administration has an example for a pizza restaurant that theoretically needed nearly $20k to make it through their first month.

In our video, How to Start a $500K/Year T-Shirt Business (Pt. 1 ), Sanford Booth told us he needed about $200,000 to start his franchise and broke even after 4 months.

Freshbooks estimates it takes on average 2-3 years for a business to be profitable, which means the fictitious pizza company from the SBA could need up to $330k to make it through that time and still pay their bills for their home and pizza shop.

Not every business needs that much to start, but realistically it’s a good idea to assume that you need a fairly large cushion.

Ways to get funding for a small business

There are a variety of ways to cover this. the most common are:

• Bootstrapping – Using your savings without external funding.
• Taking out debt – loans, credit cards
• Equity, Seed Funding – Ownership of a percentage of the company in exchange for current funds
• Crowdsourcing – Promising a good for funding to create the product

Keep reading for more tips on how to write a business plan.

How funding will be used

When asking for business financing make sure to include:

• How much to get started?
• What is the minimum viable product and how soon can you make money?
• How will the money be spent?

Mike emphasized two aspects that should be included in every plan, 

How to Write a Business Plan Resources

Here are some links to a business plan sample and business plan outline. 

• Sample plan

It’s also helpful to follow some of the leading influencers in the business plan writing community. Here’s a list:

• Wise Plans –  Shares a lot of information on starting businesses and is a business plan writing company.
• Optimus Business Plans –  Another business plan writing company.
• Venture Capital – A venture capital thread that can help give you ideas.

How to Write a Business Plan: What’s Next?

We hope this guide about how to write a simple business plan step by step has been helpful. We’ve covered:

• The definition of a business plan
• Coming up with a business idea
• Performing market research
• The critical components of a business plan
• An example business plan

In addition, we provided you with a simple business plan template to assist you in the process of writing your startup business plan. The startup business plan template also includes a business model template that will be the key to your success.

Don’t forget to check out the rest of our business hub .

Have you written a business plan before? How did it impact your ability to achieve your goals?

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How to Write a Business Plan (Examples & Templates)

Learn to create an effective business plan with clarity, research, and engaging design. Explore real-world examples and actionable tips for success

Hadar Peretz

7 minute read

Short answer

What should a business plan include?

Executive Summary: A snapshot of your business and plans.

Business Description: The mission, vision, and the problem you’re solving.

Market Analysis: An overview of the industry and your target market.

Organization and Management: Your business’s structure, team, and roles.

Service or Product Line: What you’re selling or the service you’re offering.

Marketing and Sales: How you plan to market your business and your sales strategy.

Funding Request: If you’re seeking funding, specify the amount and its use.

Financial Projections: Provide projections for the next five years.

Appendix: Additional information or documents supporting your business plan.

Even the most outstanding business plan can falter with poor presentation

If your business plan is too convoluted, mundane, or fails to resonate with stakeholders, you'll diminish its effectiveness, regardless of its content quality.

Success hinges on how you structure and articulate your business strategy.

This article will equip you with invaluable insights and frameworks for crafting a compelling business plan.

You'll discover the key components to incorporate, the ideal arrangement, and strategies to design a business plan that captivates and convinces you.

Dive in to bolster your expertise and position your business for unparalleled success against the competition.

Let’s unfold the blueprint!

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a formal document that outlines a company's goals, the strategy to achieve them, and the financial and market analysis supporting these objectives.

It acts as a roadmap guiding the business towards growth and success.

What is the purpose of business planning?

Business planning serves to provide a clear vision, set measurable objectives, and attract potential investors.

It offers a structured approach to tackling challenges, optimizing resources, and evaluating the business’s progress, fostering informed decision-making and long-term sustainability.

Why are business plans so important for organizations?

In the cut-throat world of business, having a solid foundation is imperative for survival and growth.

2 main reasons why business plans are so important for organizations:

1) Strategic focus

A business plan ensures that you maintain a strategic focus, prioritizing tasks that drive your business toward its goals while avoiding distractions.

2) Financial planning and risk assessment

Having a financial blueprint helps in resource allocation, financial forecasting, and assessing the risks that could threaten your business's stability.

It prepares you for contingencies, ensuring your business remains resilient amidst adversities.

Strategies behind the business plans of industry disruptors

Learning from the business plans of successful enterprises can provide invaluable insights:

Airbnb’s original business plan: Airbnb’s initial business plan was a classic demonstration of how to address a market need and propose a novel solution.

Tesla motors business plan: A profound example of how innovation paired with sustainable practices can be translated into a compelling business narrative.

Warby parker's direct-to-consumer model: Warby Parker disrupted the eyewear industry with its online-focused, try-at-home model, emphasizing affordability without compromising style or quality.

These examples depict how clarity of vision and articulation of strate gy can pave the way for attracting investors and guiding a business toward its envisioned path.

5 types of business plans

Understanding the different types of business plans is fundamental for tailoring a plan that suits the specific needs and objectives of your business.

Each type serves a unique purpose, addressing various aspects and stages of a business. Here are five common types of business plans along with a brief description of what they entail:

1. Growth business plan

A growth business plan is focused on expansion strategies for established businesses.

It outlines new market penetration, product line extensions, or other growth opportunities, backed by market research, financial projections, and operational adaptations.

2. Operational or annual business plan

An operational business plan provides a detailed outline for the company’s activities over a one-year period.

It includes specific goals, responsibilities, timelines, budgets, and management plans, serving as a comprehensive roadmap for the business's short-term operations.

3. Startup business plan

A startup business plan lays down the groundwork for a new business, encompassing aspects like mission, vision, target market, competition analysis, financial projections, and operational plans.

It's pivotal for attracting investors and guiding the company's early steps.

4. Strategic business plan

A strategic business plan is a high-level document that sets out a company’s long-term vision, mission, and strategic objectives.

It typically encompasses market analysis, company positioning, competitive analysis, and long-term financial forecasts, aimed at guiding the business's overall direction.

5. Feasibility business plan

A feasibility business plan is used to explore the viability of a new business idea or project. It provides a thorough analysis of the market, competition, necessary resources, financial forecasts, and potential challenges, to ascertain the project’s practicality and worthiness.

What makes an effective business plan?

Creating a document that stands out and achieves its intended purpose is a blend of art and science.

Clarity and cohesion

Crafting an effective business plan demands a seamless blend of clarity and cohesion. Here's how these elements translate into a compelling plan that garners attention and achieves its purpose.

Clear objectives: Define clear, measurable, and realistic goals.

Cohesive narrative: A well-structured narrative that binds all sections into a coherent story.

Solid research and realistic projections

An effective business plan is grounded on solid research and realistic projections. Let's delve into how thorough market research and accurate financial forecasting can set the stage for success.

In-depth market research: Understand your market, competition, and customer needs.

Realistic financial projections: Accurate projections reflect financial acumen and understanding of market dynamics.

Risks and challenges insight

Identifying risks and devising robust mitigation strategies are integral to a well-rounded business plan.

This section explores how a detailed risk analysis can provide a clear roadmap for navigating challenges and ensuring business sustainability.

Risk identification: Spotting potential risks and having a contingency plan reflects foresight and preparedness, crucial for stakeholder confidence.

Mitigation strategies: Detail the strategies for mitigating risks and overcoming challenges to ensure business continuity and sustainability.

How to write a business plan?

Writing a business plan is a step-by-step process, each step taking you closer to realizing your business vision.

This strategic document serves as a roadmap, guiding your decisions and attracting potential investors or partners to your venture.

How to prepare for writing a business plan?

The foundation of a compelling business plan lies in the accuracy and thoroughness of the information gathered.

Data collection: Collect relevant market data, business metrics, and financial projections.

Stakeholder input: Seek feedback from key stakeholders to ensure a comprehensive representation of the business vision.

What to include in a business plan one-pager

10 essential components for a top-tier business plan one-pager:

Title slide: Your introduction to potential investors. Adding an engaging video can boost interaction significantly .

Unique value proposition (UVP): A tagline encapsulating your business's core essence. Example: "Innovating personalized healthcare solutions."

Company overview: Narrate your business's origin, mission, and future direction.

Problem addressed: Highlight your target market's pain points and the necessity of your solution.

Market analysis: Showcase your grasp of the competitive landscape and market gaps.

Your solution: Detail the unique features and benefits of your product/service.

Marketing & sales strategy: Outline your approach to reach the audience and drive sales.

Objectives & metrics: Define your key performance indicators (KPIs) and growth objectives.

Team overview: Introduce key team members, their expertise, and significance to the project.

Funding details: Clearly state the funds required, their allocation, and expected ROI.

Effective next steps to engage investors

Skip the usual "thank you" finish! Instead, wrap up your business plan with a clear call-to-action, guiding investors on next steps.

Effective calls-to-action can greatly improve investment chances. Research indicates presentations with distinct action steps outperform generic endings by 27% .

5 action steps to follow after presenting a business plan:

Detailed plan review

Live product demo

Accessing further resources

Committing with a letter of intent

Making an investment

Here’s an example of a business plan built with this structure:

Business plan one-pager

This one-page business plan presentation template covers your company, market, product and services, and growth plan as an interactive visual story that's easy to follow and highly engaging.

How to design a business plan?

Business plan design plays a crucial role in how the information is perceived and retained by the readers.

This section unravels the essence of layout, typography, and the incorporation of visual elements to make your business plan not only informative but also engaging.

Layout and typography

A well-organized layout paired with readable typography can significantly enhance the readability and comprehension of your business plan.

Consistent Layout: A consistent layout throughout your business plan provides a professional appearance and makes it easier to follow.

Readable Typography: Choosing fonts that are both readable and visually appealing helps convey your business message efficiently.

Use of imagery and color

The use of imagery and color can augment the aesthetic appeal of your business plan while reinforcing the narrative and making key information memorable.

Relevant Imagery: Utilize images that align with your business objectives and resonate with the vision of your enterprise.

Color Palette: Select a color palette that not only aligns with your brand but also enhances the visual appeal of your business plan.

Storytelling with data visualization

Telling a compelling story through data visualization can help elucidate the market dynamics, financial projections, and the potential growth trajectory of your business.

Use charts, graphs, and infographics to narrate the data story, ensuring that readers can easily follow the progression and understand the core objectives.

Embracing digital design platforms

In the digital era, creating business plans on digital platforms can provide a more interactive and engaging experience for the readers.

Digital Business Plans: These are accessible, interactive, and easily shared, which can significantly enhance engagement and understanding.

Interactive Templates: Digital platforms offer interactive templates that can help structure your business plan effectively while ensuring a polished, professional appearance.

Grab an interactive template!

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I am a Marketing Specialist at Storydoc, I research, analyze and write on our core topics of business presentations, sales, and fundraising. I love talkig to clients about their successes and failures so I can get a rounded understanding of their world.

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The 4 Types of Business Plans Learn which of these four business plan formats best fits your needs.

By Teresa Ciulla Dec 4, 2014

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

In their book Write Your Business Plan , the staff of Entrepreneur Media offer an in-depth understanding of what's essential to any business plan, what's appropriate for your venture, and what it takes to ensure success. In this edited excerpt, the authors describe four different types of plans you could write and what you'd use each one for.

Business plans can be divided roughly into four distinct types. There are very short plans, or miniplans, presentation plans or decks, working plans, and what-if plans. They each require very different amounts of labor and not always with proportionately different results. That is to say, a more elaborate plan isn't guaranteed to be superior to an abbreviated one. Success depends on various factors and whether the right plan is used in the right setting. For example, a new hire may not want to read the same, elaborate version of your plan that might be important to a potential investor.

The Miniplan

The miniplan is preferred by many recipients because they can read it or download it quickly to read later on their iPhone or tablet. You include most of the same ingredients that you would in a longer plan, but you cut to the highlights while telling the same story. For a small-business venture, it's typically all that you need. For a more complex business, you may need the longer version.

The Presentation Plan

The advent of PowerPoint presentations changed the way many, if not most, plans are presented. And while the plan is shorter than its predecessors, it's not necessarily easier to present. Many people lose sleep over an upcoming presentation, especially one that can play a vital role in the future of their business. But presenting your plan as a deck can be very powerful. Readers of a plan can't always capture your passion for the business nor can they ask questions when you finish. But in 20 minutes, you can cover all the key points and tell your story from concept and mission statement through financial forecasts.

Remember to keep your graphics uncluttered and to make comments to accentuate your ideas rather than simply reading what's in front of your audience.

While a presentation plan is concise, don't be fooled: It takes plenty of planning. The pertinent questions who, what, where, why, when and how all need to be answered.

The Working Plan

A working plan is a tool to be used to operate your business. It has to be long on detail but may be short on presentation. As with a miniplan, you can probably can afford a somewhat higher degree of candor and informality when preparing a working plan. In a plan you intend to present to a bank loan committee, you might describe a rival as "competing primarily on a price basis." In a working plan, your comment about the same competitor might be "When is Jones ever going to stop this insane price-cutting?"

A plan intended strictly for internal use may also omit some elements that you need not explain to yourself. Likewise, you probably don't need to include an appendix with resumes of key executives. Nor would a working plan especially benefit from product photos.

Internal policy considerations may guide the decision about whether to include or exclude certain information in a working plan. Many entrepreneurs are sensitive about employees knowing the precise salary the owner takes home from the business. To the extent such information can be left out of a working plan without compromising its utility, you can feel free to protect your privacy.

This document is like an old pair of khakis you wear to the office on Saturdays or that one ancient delivery truck that never seems to break down. It's there to be used, not admired.

The What-If Plan

When you face unusual circumstances, you need a variant on the working plan. For example, you might want to prepare a contingency plan when you're seeking bank financing. A contingency plan is a plan based on the worst-case scenario that you can imagine your business surviving—loss of market share, heavy price competition, defection of a key member of your management team. A contingency plan can soothe the fears of a banker or investor by demonstrating that you have indeed considered more than a rosy scenario.

Your business may be considering an acquisition, in which case a pro forma business plan (some call this a what-if plan) can help you understand what the acquisition is worth and how it might affect your core business. What if you raise prices, invest in staff training and reduce duplicative efforts? Such what-if planning doesn't have to be as formal as a presentation plan. Perhaps you want to mull over the chances of a major expansion. A what-if plan can help you spot the increased needs for space, equipment, personnel and other variables so you can make good decisions.

What sets these kinds of plans apart from the working and presentation plans is that they aren't necessarily describing how you'll run the business. They're essentially more like an addendum to your actual business plan. If you decide to acquire that competitor or grow dramatically, you'll want to incorporate some of the thinking already invested in these special purpose plans into your primary business plan.

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BUSINESS STRATEGIES

7 types of business plans every entrepreneur should know

• Amanda Bellucco Chatham
• Aug 3, 2023

What’s the difference between a small business that achieves breakthrough growth and one that fizzles quickly after launch? Oftentimes, it’s having a solid business plan.

Business plans provide you with a roadmap that will take you from wantrepreneur to entrepreneur. It will guide nearly every decision you make, from the people you hire and the products or services you offer, to the look and feel of the business website you create.

But did you know that there are many different types of business plans? Some types are best for new businesses looking to attract funding. Others help to define the way your company will operate day-to-day. You can even create a plan that prepares your business for the unexpected.

Read on to learn the seven most common types of business plans and determine which one fits your immediate needs.

What is a business plan?

A business plan is a written document that defines your company’s goals and explains how you will achieve them. Putting this information down on paper brings valuable benefits. It gives you insight into your competitors, helps you develop a unique value proposition and lets you set metrics that will guide you to profitability. It’s also a necessity to obtain funding through banks or investors.

Keep in mind that a business plan isn’t a one-and-done exercise. It’s a living document that you should update regularly as your company evolves. But which type of plan is right for your business?

7 common types of business plans

Startup business plan

Feasibility business plan

One-page business plan

What-if business plan

Growth business plan

Operations business plan

Strategic business plan

01. Startup business plan

The startup business plan is a comprehensive document that will set the foundation for your company’s success. It covers all aspects of a business, including a situation analysis, detailed financial information and a strategic marketing plan.

Startup plans serve two purposes: internally, they provide a step-by-step guide that you and your team can use to start a business and generate results on day one. Externally, they prove the validity of your business concept to banks and investors, whose capital you’ll likely need to make your entrepreneurial dreams a reality.

Elements of a startup business plan should include the following steps:

Executive summary : Write a brief synopsis of your company’s concept, potential audience, product or services, and the amount of funding required.

Company overview: Go into detail about your company’s location and its business goals. Be sure to include your company’s mission statement , which explains the “why” behind your business idea.

Products or services: Explain exactly what your business will offer to its customers. Include detailed descriptions and pricing.

Situation analysis: Use market research to explain the competitive landscape, key demographics and the current status of your industry.

Marketing plan: Discuss the strategies you’ll use to build awareness for your business and attract new customers or clients.

Management bios: Introduce the people who will lead your company. Include bios that detail their industry-specific background.

Financial projections: Be transparent about startup costs, cash flow projections and profit expectations.

Don’t be afraid to go into too much detail—a startup business plan can often run multiple pages long. Investors will expect and appreciate your thoroughness. However, if you have a hot new product idea and need to move fast, you can consider a lean business plan. It’s a popular type of business plan in the tech industry that focuses on creating a minimum viable product first, then scaling the business from there.

02. Feasibility business plan

Let’s say you started a boat rental company five years ago. You’ve steadily grown your business. Now, you want to explore expanding your inventory by renting out jet skis, kayaks and other water sports equipment. Will it be profitable? A feasibility business plan will let you know.

Often called a decision-making plan, a feasibility business plan will help you understand the viability of offering a new product or launching into a new market. These business plans are typically internal and focus on answering two questions: Does the market exist, and will you make a profit from it? You might use a feasibility plan externally, too, if you need funding to support your new product or service.

Because you don’t need to include high-level, strategic information about your company, your feasibility business plan will be much shorter and more focused than a startup business plan. Feasibility plans typically include:

A description of the new product or service you wish to launch

A market analysis using third-party data

The target market , or your ideal customer profile

Any additional technology or personnel needs required

Required capital or funding sources

Predicted return on investment

Standards to objectively measure feasibility

A conclusion that includes recommendations on whether or not to move forward

03. One-page business plan

Imagine you’re a software developer looking to launch a tech startup around an app that you created from scratch. You’ve already written a detailed business plan, but you’re not sure if your strategy is 100% right. How can you get feedback from potential partners, customers or friends without making them slog through all 32 pages of the complete plan?

That’s where a one-page business plan comes in handy. It compresses your full business plan into a brief summary. Think of it as a cross between a business plan and an elevator pitch—an ideal format if you’re still fine-tuning your business plan. It’s also a great way to test whether investors will embrace your company, its mission or its goals.

Ideally, a one-page business plan should give someone a snapshot of your company in just a few minutes. But while brevity is important, your plan should still hit all the high points from your startup business plan. To accomplish this, structure a one-page plan similar to an outline. Consider including:

A short situation analysis that shows the need for your product or service

Your unique value proposition

Your mission statement and vision statement

Your target market

Your management team

The funding you’ll need

Financial projections

Expected results

Because a one-page plan is primarily used to gather feedback, make sure the format you choose is easy to update. That way, you can keep it fresh for new audiences.

04. What-if business plan

Pretend that you’re an accountant who started their own financial consulting business. You’re rapidly signing clients and growing your business when, 18 months into your new venture, you’re given the opportunity to buy another established firm in a nearby town. Is it a risk worth taking?

The what-if business plan will help you find an answer. It’s perfect for entrepreneurs who are looking to take big risks, such as acquiring or merging with another company, testing a new pricing model or adding an influx of new staff.

A what-if plan is additionally a great way to test out a worst-case scenario. For example, if you’re in the restaurant business, you can create a plan that explores the potential business repercussions of a public health emergency (like the COVID-19 pandemic), and then develop strategies to mitigate its effects.

You can share your what-if plan internally to prepare your leadership team and staff. You can also share it externally with bankers and partners so that they know your business is built to withstand any hard times. Include in your plan:

A detailed description of the business risk or other scenario

The impact it will have on your business

Specific actions you’ll take in a worst-case scenario

Risk management strategies you’ll employ

05. Growth business plan

Let’s say you’re operating a hair salon (see how to create a hair salon business plan ). You see an opportunity to expand your business and make it a full-fledged beauty bar by adding skin care, massage and other sought-after services. By creating a growth business plan, you’ll have a blueprint that will take you from your current state to your future state.

Sometimes called an expansion plan, a growth business plan is something like a crystal ball. It will help you see one to two years into the future. Creating a growth plan lets you see how far—and how fast—you can scale your business. It lets you know what you’ll need to get there, whether it’s funding, materials, people or property.

The audience for your growth plan will depend on your expected sources of capital. If you’re funding your expansion from within, then the audience is internal. If you need to attract the attention of outside investors, then the audience is external.

Much like a startup plan, your growth business plan should be rather comprehensive, especially if the people reviewing it aren’t familiar with your company. Include items specific to your potential new venture, including:

A brief assessment of your business’s current state

Information about your management team

A thorough analysis of the growth opportunity you’re seeking

The target audience for your new venture

The current competitive landscape

Resources you’ll need to achieve growth

Detailed financial forecasts

A funding request

Specific action steps your company will take

A timeline for completing those action steps

Another helpful thing to include in a growth business plan is a SWOT analysis . SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. A SWOT analysis will help you evaluate your performance, and that of your competitors. Including this type of in-depth review will show your investors that you’re making an objective, data-driven decision to expand your business, helping to build confidence and trust.

06. Operations business plan

You’ve always had a knack for accessories and have chosen to start your own online jewelry store. Even better, you already have your eCommerce business plan written. Now, it’s time to create a plan for how your company will implement its business model on a day-to-day basis.

An operations business plan will help you do just that. This internal-focused document will explain how your leadership team and your employees will propel your company forward. It should include specific responsibilities for each department, such as human resources, finance and marketing.

When you sit down to write an operations plan, you should use your company’s overall goals as your guide. Then, consider how each area of your business will contribute to those goals. Be sure to include:

A high-level overview of your business and its goals

A clear layout of key employees, departments and reporting lines

Processes you’ll use (i.e., how you’ll source products and fulfill orders)

Facilities and equipment you’ll need to conduct business effectively

Departmental budgets required

Risk management strategies that will ensure business continuity

Compliance and legal considerations

Clear metrics for each department to achieve

Timelines to help you reach those metrics

A measurement process to keep your teams on track

07. Strategic business plan

Say you open a coffee shop, but you know that one store is just the start. Eventually, you want to open multiple locations throughout your region. A strategic business plan will serve as your guide, helping define your company’s direction and decision-making over the next three to five years.

You should use a strategic business plan to align all of your internal stakeholders and employees around your company’s mission, vision and future goals. Your strategic plan should be high-level enough to create a clear vision of future success, yet also detailed enough to ensure you reach your eventual destination.

Be sure to include:

An executive summary

A company overview

Your mission and vision statements

Market research

A SWOT analysis

Specific, measurable goals you wish to achieve

Strategies to meet those goals

Financial projections based on those goals

Timelines for goal attainment

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Was this article helpful?

7 Different Types of Business Plans Explained

11 min. read

Updated April 10, 2024

Business plans go by many names: Strategic plans, traditional plans , operational plans, feasibility plans, internal plans, growth plans, and more.

Different situations call for different types of plans. 

But what makes each type of plan unique? And why should you consider one type over another?

In this article, we’ll uncover a quick process to find the right type of business plan, along with an overview of each option. 

Let’s help you find the right planning format.

• What type of business plan do you need?

The short answer is… it depends. 

Your current business stage, intended audience, and how you’ll use the plan will all impact what format works best. 

Remember, just the act of planning will improve your chances of success . It’s important to land on an option that will support your needs. Don’t get too hung up on making the right choice and delay writing your plan.

So, how do you choose?

1. Know why you need a business plan

What are you creating a business plan for ? Are you pitching to potential investors? Applying for a loan? Trying to understand if your business idea is feasible?

You may need a business plan for one or multiple reasons. What you intend to do with it will inform what type of plan you need.

For example: A more robust and detailed plan may be necessary if you seek investment . But a shorter format could be more useful and less time-consuming if you’re just testing an idea.

2. Become familiar with your options

You don’t need to become a planning expert and understand every detail about every type of plan. You just need to know the basics:

• What makes this type of plan unique?
• What are its benefits?
• What are its drawbacks?
• Which types of businesses typically use it?

By taking the time to review, you’ll understand what you’re getting into and be more likely to complete your plan. Plus, you’ll come away with a document built with your use case(s) in mind—meaning you won’t have to restart to make it a valuable tool.

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3. Start small and grow

When choosing a business plan format, a good tactic is to opt for a shorter option and build from there. You’ll save time and effort and still come away with a working business plan.

Plus, you’ll better understand what further planning you may need to do. And you won’t be starting from scratch.

Read More: How to identify the right type of plan for your business

Again, the type of business plan you need fully depends on your situation and use case. But running through this quick exercise will help you narrow down your options. 

Now let’s look at the common business plan types you can choose from.

• Traditional business plan

The traditional (or standard) business plan is an in-depth document covering every aspect of your business. It’s the most common plan type you’ll come across. 

A traditional business plan is broken up into 10 sections:

• Executive summary
• Description of products and services
• Market analysis
• Competitive analysis
• Marketing and sales plan
• Business operations
• Key milestones and metrics
• Organization and management team
• Financial plan
• Appendix 

Why use this type of plan?

A traditional business plan is best for anyone approaching specific business planning events—such as presenting a business plan to a bank or investor for funding.

A traditional plan can also be useful if you need to add more details around specific business areas. 

For example: You start as a solopreneur and don’t immediately need to define your team structure. But eventually you hit a threshold where you need more staff in order to keep growing. A great way to explore which roles you need and how they will function is by fleshing out the organization and management section .

That’s the unseen value of a more detailed plan like this. While you can follow the structure outlined above and create an in-depth plan ready for funding, you can also choose which sections to prioritize. 

Read More: How to write a traditional business plan  

• One-page plan

The one-page business plan is a simplified (but just as useful) version of a traditional business plan. It follows the same structure, but is far easier to create. It can even be used as a pitch document.

Here’s how you’ll organize information when using a one-page plan:

• Value proposition
• Market need
• Your solution
• Competition
• Target market
• Sales and marketing
• Budget and sales goals
• Team summary
• Key partners
• Funding needs

A one-page plan is faster and easier to assemble than a traditional plan. You can write a one-page plan in as little as 30 minutes . 

You’ll still cover the crucial details found in a traditional plan, but in a more manageable format.

So, if you’re exploring a business idea for the first time or updating your strategy—a one-page plan is ideal. You can review and update your entire plan in just a few minutes.

Applying for a loan with this type of plan probably wouldn’t make sense. Lenders typically want to see a more detailed plan to accurately assess potential risk. 

However, it is a great option to send to investors. 

“Investors these days are much less likely to look at a detailed plan,” says Palo Alto Software COO Noah Parsons. “An executive summary or one-page plan, pitch presentation, and financials are all a VC is likely to look at.”

Creating a more detailed plan is as much about being prepared as anything else. If you don’t dig into everything a traditional plan covers, you’ll struggle to land your pitch . 

If you don’t intend to seek funding, a one-page plan is often all you need. The key is regularly revisiting it to stay on top of your business. 

Let’s explore two unique processes to help you do that: 

Read More: How to write a one-page business plan

Lean planning process

Lean planning is a process that uses your one-page plan as a testing tool. The goal is to create a plan and immediately put it into action to see if your ideas actually work. You’ll typically be focusing on one (or all) of the following areas: 

• Strategy – What you will do
• Tactics – How you will do it
• Business Model – How you make money
• Schedule – Who is responsible and when will it happen

Why use this process?

Lean planning is best for businesses that need to move fast, test assumptions, revise, and get moving again. It’s short and simple, and meant to get everyone on the same page as quickly as possible. 

That’s why it’s so popular for startups. They don’t necessarily need a detailed plan, since they’re mostly focused on determining whether or not they have a viable business idea .

The only drawback is that this planning process is built primarily around early-stage businesses. It can be a useful tool for established businesses looking to test a strategy, but it may not be as helpful for ongoing management.

Read More: The fundamentals of lean planning

Growth planning

Growth planning is a financials-focused planning process designed to help you make quick and strategic decisions.

Again, it starts with a one-page plan outlining your strategy, tactics, business model, and schedule. The next step is to create a working financial forecast that includes projected sales, expenses, and cash flows.

From there, you run your business. 

As you go, track your actual financial performance and carve out time to compare it to your forecasts . If you spot any differences, these discrepancies may indicate problems or opportunities that call for adjusting your current strategy.

Growth planning combines the simplicity of the one-page plan and the speed of lean planning, with the power of financial forecasting. 

This makes the process useful for every business stage and even allows you to skip to the forecasting step if you already have a plan.

With growth planning, you’ll:

• Regularly revisit your financials
• Better understand how your business operates 
• Make quick and confident decisions

This process focuses on growing your business. If diving into your financials isn’t a priority right now, that’s okay. Start with a one-page plan instead, and revisit growth planning when you’re ready.

Read More: How to write a growth-oriented business plan

• Internal plan

Sometimes you just need a business plan that works as an internal management tool. 

Something to help you: 

• Set business goals
• Provide a high-level overview of operations
• Prepare to create budgets and financial projections

You don’t need an overly long and detailed business plan for this. Just a document that is easy to create, useful for developing or revisiting your strategy, and able to get everyone up to speed.

The internal plan is a great option if you’re not planning to present your plan to anyone outside your business. Especially if you’re an up-and-running business that may have created a plan previously. You might just need something simple for day-to-day use.

Read More: 8 steps to write a useful internal business plan

• 5-year business plan

Some investors or stakeholders may request a long-term plan stretching up to five years. They typically want to understand your vision for the future and see your long-term goals or milestones.  

To be honest, creating a detailed long-term business plan is typically a waste of time. There are a few exceptions:

• A long-term plan is specifically asked for
• You want to outline your long-term vision
• Real estate development
• Medical product manufacturing
• Transportation, automotive, aviation, or aerospace development

The reality is, you can’t predict what will happen in the next month, let alone the next one, three, or five years.

So, when creating a long-term plan, don’t dig too deep into the details. Focus on establishing long-term goals , annual growth targets, and aspirational milestones you’d like to hit.

Then supplement these with a more focused one-page plan that actually describes your current business, which you can use in your business right now.

Read More: How to write a five-year business plan

• Nonprofit business plan

A nonprofit business plan is not too different from a traditional plan. You should still cover all of the sections I listed above to help you build a sustainable business. 

The main differences in a nonprofit plan are tied to funding and awareness. You need to account for:

• Fundraising sources and activities.
• Alliances and partnerships.
• Promotion and outreach strategies.

You also need to set goals, track performance, and demonstrate that you have the right team to run a fiscally healthy organization. You’re just not pursuing profits, you’re trying to fulfill a mission. But you cannot serve your community if your organization isn’t financially stable.

If you can use your business plan to show that you’re a well-organized nonprofit organization, you are more likely to attract donors and convince investors to provide funding.

Read More: How to write a nonprofit business plan

Resources to help write your business plan

Don’t get too hung up on the type of business plan you choose. Remember, you can always start small and expand if you need to.

To help you do that, I recommend downloading our free one-page business plan template . It’s especially useful if you’re exploring an idea and need a quick way to document how your business will operate.

If you know you’ll pursue funding, download our free traditional business plan template . It’s already in an SBA-lender-approved format and provides detailed instructions for each section. And if you want to explore other options, check out our roundup of the 8 best business plan templates you can download for free.

Lastly, check out our library of over 550 sample business plans if you need inspiration. These can provide specific insight into what you should focus on in a given industry.

Remember, just by deciding to write a business plan, you are increasing your likelihood of success. Pick a format and start writing!

Types of business plans FAQ

Which type of planning should be done for a business?

The type of planning fully depends on your business stage and how you intend to use the plan. Generally, whatever format you choose should help you outline your strategy, business model, tactics, and timeline.

How many types of business plans are there?

There are seven common types of business plans, including: traditional, one-page, lean, growth, internal, 5-year, and nonprofit plans.

Tim Berry is the founder and chairman of Palo Alto Software , a co-founder of Borland International, and a recognized expert in business planning. He has an MBA from Stanford and degrees with honors from the University of Oregon and the University of Notre Dame. Today, Tim dedicates most of his time to blogging, teaching and evangelizing for business planning.

Table of Contents

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How to Write a Summary Business Plan

A business plan doesn't have to be all encompassing, especially when you're trying to generate buzz. here are the elements you really need..

When writing a business plan, it's easy to get lost in the details. You want to demonstrate how you've studied the ins and outs of the marketplace and have crunched every conceivable number. But, really, writing a 100+ page business plan is not the best use of your energy.

'I vividly remember years of lengthy business planning cycles that literally produced books - encased in three-ring binders,' says Denise Barnwell, president of Transformation Marketing in West Orange, New Jersey. 'The ritual of producing these big-company business plan ‘bibles' was mostly endured by all. But small business owners don't have time or patience to produce lengthy business plans – they need action plans.'

Fleshing out your business in such detail can be a worthwhile exercise for an entrepreneur, but the truth is that it's not likely anyone else will ever spend the time to read it – whether you're competing in a business plan competition or trying to raise money from investors. That's why you also should be thinking about how to put together a summary or short-form business plan that ranges anywhere from two pages to 15.

The shorter you can make your summary business plan, the better. You want to focus on just a few key elements of your business that will generate the most excitement among those reading it -- without requiring them to invest a weekend in doing so. You can always pass along a more detailed plan to those interested later. 'One of the most common mistakes is for people to get bogged down in details,' says Mark Herschberg, a veteran entrepreneur and instructor at MIT. 'You don't need to describe every feature, or have detailed product designs. If your investors have detailed questions, they'll ask for more information.'

Dig Deeper: How to Write a Great Business Plan

How to Write a Summary Business Plan: A Few Don'ts

With that in mind, here are some suggestions for things to leave OUT of your summary business plan, according to Malla Haridat, founder and CEO of New York City-based New Designs for Life, an organization that teaches children about entrepreneurship:

• Excessive market research: 'You need to do a tight analysis of your product or service and the competitors. But you should be able to summarize it into one page max.'
• An overwritten product description: 'You need to spend no more than a paragraph on this.'
• Detailed finances: 'Bottom line - How much money do you have?  How much does it take to run the business?  How much will you earn (hopefully)?'

Dig Deeper: 10 Mistakes to Avoid When Writing a Business Plan

How to Write a Summary Business Plan: The Essential Pieces

Turning to what you DO want to focus on, consider the following tips offered by Ken Halkin , a business consultant in Amesbury, Massachusetts:

1. Description: Kick off your plan with a one-page description of your business. Give a brief history of the business and its ownership structure by focusing on:  

• Who you are
• What you do
• Where you are

2. Vision Statement: Write a concise one- or two-paragraph vision statement, which gives your answer to the question: 'What do we want this company to become over the next five to 10 years?'  

3. Mission Statement: Lay the groundwork for your 'brand promise' in a one or two paragraph description of what your company will be to its customers.  

4. Values: Provide a list of three to five core principles upon which you will build the business and stick to no matter what.  

5. Goals: Make a list of three to five long-term goals that translate your company's vision into specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-specific objectives.  

6. Market research: Take the next two to three pages to briefly answer the following questions:  

• What do you know about your industry?
• What do you know about your competition?
• Who is your target customer and what do you know about them (i.e. demographics, buying patterns)?

6(a). Market differentiation: Take the next page to detail what makes your product or service unique in the market by answering questions like:

• What makes you different from your competition that actually matters to your target customer?
• What is your unique value proposition?
• What is your big bold brand promise?

6(b). Marketing message: Based on the answers you outline above, take the next half page to explain the message you plan to communicate to your target market.

6(c). Marketing mix: Use the next page or so to detail the methods you will use to deliver that message.

6(d). Measurement: Follow the previous two sections with another half-page describing how you will measure the effectiveness of each of those delivery methods and, based on the results, adjust your plan accordingly.

7. Sales: Take the next full page to summarize your sales plan by answering these questions:

• What is your overall sales process?
• What are the specific steps in your process?

               - How are leads generated?                - How are they researched/qualified?                - How do you get in front of your customer?                - How do you close the sale?

• How will you achieve the optimal sales cycle?

8. Operations plan: Now, take one to two pages to answer the following questions:

• How will you produce the product and/or deliver the service?
• What are the logistics?
• What business process will you employ?
• What facility, equipment, and other resource needs are involved?
• How will you assure and measure quality and customer satisfaction?
• Who are the key players?
• What are their backgrounds and qualifications?
• What are their specific roles?
• How will the business be organized (org. chart)?

9. Personnel Plan: Use one page to describe your 'people' plan by answering questions like:

• What personnel are needed now to accomplish current goals?
• How will the number of people needed change with the growth of the business?

10. Financial Plan: As noted earlier, keep the details about your financials brief, using the same narrative style you have been using throughout the plan. Then, use a footnote to alert readers that more detailed financial schedules and assumptions will exist in a separate document. To keep focused, consider telling your story by providing the following information:

• Start-up costs, if applicable
• Revenue projections with detailed assumptions
• Three- to five-year cash-flow projections
• Three- to five-year balance sheet projections
• Sources and uses of funds if you are raising capital

11. Executive Summary: Save the beginning for the end by taking one to two pages to write a concise synopsis of the entire plan. 

If you have followed these guidelines, the narrative portion of your plan should be 10 to 15 pages, with perhaps another eight to 15 pages of attachments and schedules related to the additional details of the marketing and financial sections. Halkin also recommends that you put together a detailed strategic plan that establishes the strategies, steps, accountability and timelines for achieving the one-year goals of the business.

For additional help, look to resources such as the ' The One-Page Business Plan ' or entrepreneurial coach Verne Harnish's book, Mastering The Rockefeller Habits , that espouse summarizing your business with a single page of text.

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12 Key Elements of a Business Plan (Top Components Explained)

Starting and running a successful business requires proper planning and execution of effective business tactics and strategies .

You need to prepare many essential business documents when starting a business for maximum success; the business plan is one such document.

When creating a business, you want to achieve business objectives and financial goals like productivity, profitability, and business growth. You need an effective business plan to help you get to your desired business destination.

Even if you are already running a business, the proper understanding and review of the key elements of a business plan help you navigate potential crises and obstacles.

This article will teach you why the business document is at the core of any successful business and its key elements you can not avoid.

Let’s get started.

Why Are Business Plans Important?

Business plans are practical steps or guidelines that usually outline what companies need to do to reach their goals. They are essential documents for any business wanting to grow and thrive in a highly-competitive business environment .

1. Proves Your Business Viability

A business plan gives companies an idea of how viable they are and what actions they need to take to grow and reach their financial targets. With a well-written and clearly defined business plan, your business is better positioned to meet its goals.

2. Guides You Throughout the Business Cycle

A business plan is not just important at the start of a business. As a business owner, you must draw up a business plan to remain relevant throughout the business cycle .

During the starting phase of your business, a business plan helps bring your ideas into reality. A solid business plan can secure funding from lenders and investors.

After successfully setting up your business, the next phase is management. Your business plan still has a role to play in this phase, as it assists in communicating your business vision to employees and external partners.

Essentially, your business plan needs to be flexible enough to adapt to changes in the needs of your business.

3. Helps You Make Better Business Decisions

As a business owner, you are involved in an endless decision-making cycle. Your business plan helps you find answers to your most crucial business decisions.

A robust business plan helps you settle your major business components before you launch your product, such as your marketing and sales strategy and competitive advantage.

4. Eliminates Big Mistakes

Many small businesses fail within their first five years for several reasons: lack of financing, stiff competition, low market need, inadequate teams, and inefficient pricing strategy.

Creating an effective plan helps you eliminate these big mistakes that lead to businesses' decline. Every business plan element is crucial for helping you avoid potential mistakes before they happen.

5. Secures Financing and Attracts Top Talents

Having an effective plan increases your chances of securing business loans. One of the essential requirements many lenders ask for to grant your loan request is your business plan.

A business plan helps investors feel confident that your business can attract a significant return on investments ( ROI ).

You can attract and retain top-quality talents with a clear business plan. It inspires your employees and keeps them aligned to achieve your strategic business goals.

Key Elements of Business Plan

Starting and running a successful business requires well-laid actions and supporting documents that better position a company to achieve its business goals and maximize success.

A business plan is a written document with relevant information detailing business objectives and how it intends to achieve its goals.

With an effective business plan, investors, lenders, and potential partners understand your organizational structure and goals, usually around profitability, productivity, and growth.

Every successful business plan is made up of key components that help solidify the efficacy of the business plan in delivering on what it was created to do.

Here are some of the components of an effective business plan.

1. Executive Summary

One of the key elements of a business plan is the executive summary. Write the executive summary as part of the concluding topics in the business plan. Creating an executive summary with all the facts and information available is easier.

In the overall business plan document, the executive summary should be at the forefront of the business plan. It helps set the tone for readers on what to expect from the business plan.

A well-written executive summary includes all vital information about the organization's operations, making it easy for a reader to understand.

The key points that need to be acted upon are highlighted in the executive summary. They should be well spelled out to make decisions easy for the management team.

A good and compelling executive summary points out a company's mission statement and a brief description of its products and services.

An executive summary summarizes a business's expected value proposition to distinct customer segments. It highlights the other key elements to be discussed during the rest of the business plan.

Including your prior experiences as an entrepreneur is a good idea in drawing up an executive summary for your business. A brief but detailed explanation of why you decided to start the business in the first place is essential.

Adding your company's mission statement in your executive summary cannot be overemphasized. It creates a culture that defines how employees and all individuals associated with your company abide when carrying out its related processes and operations.

Your executive summary should be brief and detailed to catch readers' attention and encourage them to learn more about your company.

Components of an Executive Summary

Here are some of the information that makes up an executive summary:

• The name and location of your company
• Products and services offered by your company
• Mission and vision statements
• Success factors of your business plan

2. Business Description

Your business description needs to be exciting and captivating as it is the formal introduction a reader gets about your company.

What your company aims to provide, its products and services, goals and objectives, target audience , and potential customers it plans to serve need to be highlighted in your business description.

A company description helps point out notable qualities that make your company stand out from other businesses in the industry. It details its unique strengths and the competitive advantages that give it an edge to succeed over its direct and indirect competitors.

Spell out how your business aims to deliver on the particular needs and wants of identified customers in your company description, as well as the particular industry and target market of the particular focus of the company.

Include trends and significant competitors within your particular industry in your company description. Your business description should contain what sets your company apart from other businesses and provides it with the needed competitive advantage.

In essence, if there is any area in your business plan where you need to brag about your business, your company description provides that unique opportunity as readers look to get a high-level overview.

Components of a Business Description

Your business description needs to contain these categories of information.

• Business location
• The legal structure of your business
• Summary of your business’s short and long-term goals

3. Market Analysis

The market analysis section should be solely based on analytical research as it details trends particular to the market you want to penetrate.

Graphs, spreadsheets, and histograms are handy data and statistical tools you need to utilize in your market analysis. They make it easy to understand the relationship between your current ideas and the future goals you have for the business.

All details about the target customers you plan to sell products or services should be in the market analysis section. It helps readers with a helpful overview of the market.

In your market analysis, you provide the needed data and statistics about industry and market share, the identified strengths in your company description, and compare them against other businesses in the same industry.

The market analysis section aims to define your target audience and estimate how your product or service would fare with these identified audiences.

Market analysis helps visualize a target market by researching and identifying the primary target audience of your company and detailing steps and plans based on your audience location.

Obtaining this information through market research is essential as it helps shape how your business achieves its short-term and long-term goals.

Market Analysis Factors

Here are some of the factors to be included in your market analysis.

• The geographical location of your target market
• Needs of your target market and how your products and services can meet those needs
• Demographics of your target audience

Components of the Market Analysis Section

Here is some of the information to be included in your market analysis.

• Industry description and statistics
• Demographics and profile of target customers
• Marketing data for your products and services
• Detailed evaluation of your competitors

4. Marketing Plan

A marketing plan defines how your business aims to reach its target customers, generate sales leads, and, ultimately, make sales.

Promotion is at the center of any successful marketing plan. It is a series of steps to pitch a product or service to a larger audience to generate engagement. Note that the marketing strategy for a business should not be stagnant and must evolve depending on its outcome.

Include the budgetary requirement for successfully implementing your marketing plan in this section to make it easy for readers to measure your marketing plan's impact in terms of numbers.

The information to include in your marketing plan includes marketing and promotion strategies, pricing plans and strategies , and sales proposals. You need to include how you intend to get customers to return and make repeat purchases in your business plan.

5. Sales Strategy

Sales strategy defines how you intend to get your product or service to your target customers and works hand in hand with your business marketing strategy.

Your sales strategy approach should not be complex. Break it down into simple and understandable steps to promote your product or service to target customers.

Apart from the steps to promote your product or service, define the budget you need to implement your sales strategies and the number of sales reps needed to help the business assist in direct sales.

Your sales strategy should be specific on what you need and how you intend to deliver on your sales targets, where numbers are reflected to make it easier for readers to understand and relate better.

6. Competitive Analysis

Providing transparent and honest information, even with direct and indirect competitors, defines a good business plan. Provide the reader with a clear picture of your rank against major competitors.

Identifying your competitors' weaknesses and strengths is useful in drawing up a market analysis. It is one information investors look out for when assessing business plans.

The competitive analysis section clearly defines the notable differences between your company and your competitors as measured against their strengths and weaknesses.

This section should define the following:

• Your competitors' identified advantages in the market
• How do you plan to set up your company to challenge your competitors’ advantage and gain grounds from them?
• The standout qualities that distinguish you from other companies
• Potential bottlenecks you have identified that have plagued competitors in the same industry and how you intend to overcome these bottlenecks

In your business plan, you need to prove your industry knowledge to anyone who reads your business plan. The competitive analysis section is designed for that purpose.

7. Management and Organization

Management and organization are key components of a business plan. They define its structure and how it is positioned to run.

Whether you intend to run a sole proprietorship, general or limited partnership, or corporation, the legal structure of your business needs to be clearly defined in your business plan.

Use an organizational chart that illustrates the hierarchy of operations of your company and spells out separate departments and their roles and functions in this business plan section.

The management and organization section includes profiles of advisors, board of directors, and executive team members and their roles and responsibilities in guaranteeing the company's success.

Apparent factors that influence your company's corporate culture, such as human resources requirements and legal structure, should be well defined in the management and organization section.

Defining the business's chain of command if you are not a sole proprietor is necessary. It leaves room for little or no confusion about who is in charge or responsible during business operations.

This section provides relevant information on how the management team intends to help employees maximize their strengths and address their identified weaknesses to help all quarters improve for the business's success.

8. Products and Services

This business plan section describes what a company has to offer regarding products and services to the maximum benefit and satisfaction of its target market.

Boldly spell out pending patents or copyright products and intellectual property in this section alongside costs, expected sales revenue, research and development, and competitors' advantage as an overview.

At this stage of your business plan, the reader needs to know what your business plans to produce and sell and the benefits these products offer in meeting customers' needs.

The supply network of your business product, production costs, and how you intend to sell the products are crucial components of the products and services section.

Investors are always keen on this information to help them reach a balanced assessment of if investing in your business is risky or offer benefits to them.

You need to create a link in this section on how your products or services are designed to meet the market's needs and how you intend to keep those customers and carve out a market share for your company.

Repeat purchases are the backing that a successful business relies on and measure how much customers are into what your company is offering.

This section is more like an expansion of the executive summary section. You need to analyze each product or service under the business.

9. Operating Plan

An operations plan describes how you plan to carry out your business operations and processes.

The operating plan for your business should include:

• Information about how your company plans to carry out its operations.
• The base location from which your company intends to operate.
• The number of employees to be utilized and other information about your company's operations.
• Key business processes.

This section should highlight how your organization is set up to run. You can also introduce your company's management team in this section, alongside their skills, roles, and responsibilities in the company.

The best way to introduce the company team is by drawing up an organizational chart that effectively maps out an organization's rank and chain of command.

What should be spelled out to readers when they come across this business plan section is how the business plans to operate day-in and day-out successfully.

10. Financial Projections and Assumptions

Bringing your great business ideas into reality is why business plans are important. They help create a sustainable and viable business.

The financial section of your business plan offers significant value. A business uses a financial plan to solve all its financial concerns, which usually involves startup costs, labor expenses, financial projections, and funding and investor pitches.

All key assumptions about the business finances need to be listed alongside the business financial projection, and changes to be made on the assumptions side until it balances with the projection for the business.

The financial plan should also include how the business plans to generate income and the capital expenditure budgets that tend to eat into the budget to arrive at an accurate cash flow projection for the business.

Base your financial goals and expectations on extensive market research backed with relevant financial statements for the relevant period.

Examples of financial statements you can include in the financial projections and assumptions section of your business plan include:

• Projected income statements
• Cash flow statements
• Balance sheets
• Income statements

Revealing the financial goals and potentials of the business is what the financial projection and assumption section of your business plan is all about. It needs to be purely based on facts that can be measurable and attainable.

11. Request For Funding

The request for funding section focuses on the amount of money needed to set up your business and underlying plans for raising the money required. This section includes plans for utilizing the funds for your business's operational and manufacturing processes.

When seeking funding, a reasonable timeline is required alongside it. If the need arises for additional funding to complete other business-related projects, you are not left scampering and desperate for funds.

If you do not have the funds to start up your business, then you should devote a whole section of your business plan to explaining the amount of money you need and how you plan to utilize every penny of the funds. You need to explain it in detail for a future funding request.

When an investor picks up your business plan to analyze it, with all your plans for the funds well spelled out, they are motivated to invest as they have gotten a backing guarantee from your funding request section.

Include timelines and plans for how you intend to repay the loans received in your funding request section. This addition keeps investors assured that they could recoup their investment in the business.

12. Exhibits and Appendices

Exhibits and appendices comprise the final section of your business plan and contain all supporting documents for other sections of the business plan.

Some of the documents that comprise the exhibits and appendices section includes:

• Legal documents
• Licenses and permits
• Credit histories
• Customer lists

The choice of what additional document to include in your business plan to support your statements depends mainly on the intended audience of your business plan. Hence, it is better to play it safe and not leave anything out when drawing up the appendix and exhibit section.

Supporting documentation is particularly helpful when you need funding or support for your business. This section provides investors with a clearer understanding of the research that backs the claims made in your business plan.

There are key points to include in the appendix and exhibits section of your business plan.

• The management team and other stakeholders resume
• Marketing research
• Permits and relevant legal documents
• Financial documents

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How to Write a Business Plan

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Types of Business Plans

Business plans come in various formats and now that we have understood what we're going to put in our plans, let's look at the different types of business plans we can write and when each one is appropriate.

• Teacher's Notes
• Video Transcript

Business Plan Formats

Short formats.

• Startup Pitch Decks - While this is not an introductory business plan, it covers a lot of different possible sections in a short amount of time.
• Business Plan Blueprint by Sequoia Capital

Detailed Format

• A Simple Guide To Writing A Business Plan by Entrepreneur Magazine South Africa. This covers a great business plan format for starting your business.
• Business Plan Overview Template by Forbes

Online Tools

• Business Plan Builder by the Small Business Administration

Related Discussions

Have questions about this video? Start a discussion with the community and Treehouse staff.

[Pasan Premaratne] Business plans can be used for many different scenarios and the information that you put into it, 0:00 and the format you use to present it will differ with each case. 0:05 Let's look at some of the reasons we might use business plans. 0:09 When starting a company, you can put a business plan together to help flash out your venture. 0:12 You can also use this information to pitch to early investors. 0:18 In such a business plan, you will want to focus on your value proposition, 0:23 the customer segments, and projective revenues. 0:26 You can use business plans for internal use to evaluate a new project for the company 0:29 or to increase company efforts in an existing activity. 0:35 Use in this way, the plan will focus more on cost structures and potential revenues. 0:38 A strategic business plan is a very high level plan 0:44 and is used mostly when communicating the big picture within an organization. 0:48 For this purpose, we can leave our business model much the same way since it provides a great overall vision and direction. 0:53 A feasibility plan is a business plan that is structured around a proposed business venture. 1:00 It looks like that if there's a need for said venture whether there's a profitable customer segment 1:07 and how much revenue the company can earn. 1:12 As a result, much of the focus in this plan is on the value proposition, customer segments, 1:15 and the revenue stream section of our business model. 1:21 Operational business plans are used to monitor key company activities. 1:24 These business plans will take a detail look at all the company activities along with associated costs and deadlines. 1:29 Finally, you can have business plans that plan for growth in the company. 1:37 These can be both for internal use or for pitching to investors when out looking for fun to spare this growth. 1:41 The main sections covered here will be the cost structures, revenue streams, and the customer relationship activities. 1:47 So, you see, a business plan can serve many purposes but rather than undertaking the task of creating 1:56 each of these types separately by starting with our business model and exploring all the high level information, 2:02 we can just pick the sections we need and then expand upon them to create our business plan. 2:08 So, now, we're aware of some of the different kinds of business plans. 2:12 Let's look at a couple different formats. 2:17 The simplest format you might encounter or be asked to make is a slide deck. 2:19 Slide decks are a lot more common now than they used to be and are much more welcome. 2:25 No one wants to read a 30 page document. Now, my simple I mean the presentation of it is relatively simple. 2:29 You don't spend much time on that but you still have to put in detailed information. 2:36 Slide decks are mostly used when pitching to investors 2:42 or when you want to convey the relevant information in a short period of time. 2:44 Because of this, they're often called pitch decks as well. 2:49 Slide decks are brief. Maybe 15 to 20 slides and contain the following information. 2:53 You're going to start with your company purpose. Next, you're going to list your problem. 2:58 This is the precursor to our value proposition. 3:04 What are the customer pains and how does a customer address this pains? 3:07 Let's talk about our solution next. Talk about your value proposition. 3:12 Describe used cases if possible. Show demos through videos, prototypes, or initial markups. 3:17 Next, we can talk about our market size. 3:23 This is all the information from our customer segment section the business model. 3:26 Drill down and provide some metrics here as well. 3:30 We'll also want to go over existing competition. 3:34 You should have all the necessary information here from the customer segment section as well. 3:37 Let's talk about our product. Again, this is the value proposition but with much more low level details. 3:42 Things like form, factor, functionality, development road map, and so on. 3:49 We'll want to spend some time focusing on the business model. 3:54 Let's do revenue model, your pricing mechanism, your sales and your distribution strategy, and your customer channels. 3:58 Lots of startups include a team members in their slides deck as well. 4:05 This includes their past experience, skill sets, and the strengths they are relevant to the startup. 4:10 Now, sometimes we want to include our financials. 4:16 If you're just starting out, you won't have any numbers for this section. 4:20 Refrain from projecting while growth and revenue estimates because that's exactly what they are: projections. 4:23 Instead, focus on your core revenue model. 4:30 What is the size of the market and how much can you expect to get out of that market? 4:34 And how do you intend to do it? 4:38 Slide decks are a very simple way of putting in business plan together. 4:41 You should put on together if you have the time because you can then send it to anyone who is interested in your business. 4:44 I've included some links to decent slide deck formats that you can use moving forward. 4:51 On the other end of the spectrum, you have the traditional business plan. 4:57 These are half the documents that go over every inch of your company. 5:00 You don't really have to go over the details of such a business plan 5:04 because we've already gone over most of the information that we will need. 5:07 The only thing different here is the format. 5:11 Check out some of the resources provided with different kinds of format so you can get started writing all sorts of plans. 5:14 So now you know how to put together a business plan. You should think of your business plans as more of a living document 5:21 that is it can constantly change and needs to adopt to your business and not your business to it. 5:28 But, remember the advice we started out with. 5:34 If you're just getting started with your business, 5:37 spend more time in the real world, doing things rather than at your desk planning away. 5:40

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14 Types of Business Plans and Their Functions

Are you about starting a business but you don’t know what kind of business plan to write? If YES, here are 14 types of business plans and their functions.

A business plan is a formal written document that contains business goals, the methods on how these goals can be attained, and the time frame within which these goals need to be achieved. Business plans guide owners, management and investors during the start off stage of the business, and it equally guides the business as it grows from one stage to the other.

Savvy business owners write a business plan to guide management and to promote investment capital. Businesses without a solid plan typically burn out fast or fail to turn a profit in the long run. Without a well-planned business strategy, it is not possible for a business to scale through problems smoothly, and it would equally be an uphill task to achieve success.

A foolproof business plan highlights varying aspects of a potential business and integrates few essential features like business objectives, possible growth rate and many other characteristics that your business will include and assimilate. How to promote investment capital will be illustrated broadly in a business plan.

There are various kinds of business plans and in this article we will outline the various business plans and tell you the function of each.

• Start-Up Business Plans

One of the very popular business plans in the world of business is the startup business plan. The startup business plans contain an exhaustive approach for starting and growing a business. It is different from all other business plans because of its nature and the details that are taken into consideration right from the inception of the business till the growth stage along with the vision of at least five years.

With this business plan, new businesses need to detail the steps they need to take while starting a business. This document typically includes sections describing the company, the product or service the business will supply, market evaluations and the intended projected management team.

Potential investors will also require a financial analysis with spreadsheets describing financial areas including, but not limited to, income, profit and cash flow projections. Startup business plans can equally be used by established companies to launch a new product line or to enter an entirely new business segment in the market . Conglomerates use this plan if they are launching a new business.

• It xrays the Business:  The startup business plan explains what a business is all about by describing the products or services in detail and what the ultimate goals of the business are. For example, your plan may stipulate what your revenue goals are for each of your first three years of operation. Your plan should also indicate why you believe there is a need for your business and who your main competitors will be.
• Helps in securing funding: It’s no secret that businesses can’t function without any operating capital to kick-start their production cycle. Entrepreneurs are often required to take loans from financial institutions to purchase property, get the equipment or hire manpower. Startup business plans would help them access funding speedily.
• Outlines Possible Weaknesses:   Startup business plans helps businesses to find out the weaknesses of the business in question. Highs and lows are a part of life and without them; we wouldn’t feel the need for improvement. A startup business plan helps you preempt the lows and maximize the highs.
• It provides an execution plan: Describing how your business will function and perform in the market is important when dealing with sponsors and investors. A startup business plan will explain your products and services, your targeted customers, the required funds and what’s necessary for your startup to thrive
• Internal Business Plans

As the name suggests the internal business plan is for internal stakeholders of the business. This type of business plan helps to evaluate projects which are specific and they keep the team up to speed about the current status of the company.

The company has more chances of success if everyone in the team is entirely on board, that is why the internal business plan is needed to keep everyone in the company on the same lane. It contains strategies and ways to improve the current business working and suggests a new pattern for growth.

• It answers questions pertaining to the internal workings of the company: Is the company growing or declining? Does the working pattern need change, improvement or modification? These are the type of questions which internal business plans answer. The primary purpose of the internal business plan is not to show the balance sheet of the financial position of the company to the external stakeholders but it is to run the business as smoothly as possible.
• It targets specific teams to streamline their functions: Internal business plans target a specific audience within the business, for example, the marketing team who need to evaluate a proposed project. This document will describe the company’s current state, including operational costs and profitability, then calculate if and how the business will repay any capital needed for the project. Internal plans provide information about project marketing, hiring and tech costs.
• Strategic Business Plans

A strategic business plan provides a high-level view of a company’s goals and how it will achieve them, laying out a foundational plan for the entire company. While the structure of a strategic plan differs from company to company, most include five elements: business vision, mission statement, definition of critical success factors, strategies for achieving objectives and an implementation schedule.

A strategic business plan brings all levels of the business into the big picture, inspiring employees to work together to create a successful culmination to the company’s goals. These types of plans typically skip the more detailed financial data and milestones because they are not important to the team at this point.

Strategic business plans also help to create internal efficiency so you can get the best results. The strategic business plan also comprises business vision, mission statement, strategies for achieving objectives, success factors and implementation schedules.

• They help in the execution of business strategies: Strategic business plans help to outline how the company will get to where it wants to go. They outline the strategy your team must carry out to achieve your goals, including your strengths, weaknesses and how you’re going to utilize your opportunities.
• To keep the company focused: The primary purpose of the strategic business plan is to carve the way to go ahead and answer the questions like What are you going to get and How do you intend to go about it. These answers are nothing but the strategy that the team must execute in order to achieve their targets.
• Feasibility Business Plans

A feasibility business plan answers two primary questions about a proposed business venture: who, if anyone, will purchase the service or product a company wants to sell, and if the venture can turn a profit. Feasibility business plans include, but are not limited to, sections describing the need for the product or service, target demographics and required capital. A feasibility plan ends with recommendations for going forward.

• Identify the target market of a business:  The feasibility business plan determines who will purchase the service or product of the company.
• To answer the ‘why’ question of a company: The feasibility business plan describes the need for a product or service including the target demographics and the financials required to start the business.
• Operations Business Plans

Operations plans are internal plans that consist of elements related to company operations. An operations plan, specifies implementation markers and deadlines for the coming year. The operations plan outlines employees’ responsibilities. Operational business plans are typically very small because they are cut down to a year’s worth of information.

• It projects the business on a yearly basis: The operations business plan isn’t made to tell investors how you intend on turning a profit in the span of five years. It’s simply where you expect to be in 365 days. An annual plan can also be an internal plan (i.e., the strategy your employees intend to enact over the next year).
• It is used to scout for investors: The operations business plan can also be used to attract investors at the very beginning. Annual business plans are perfect for companies that expect to make big changes in the not-so-distant future. Investors love to see this.
• Growth Business Plans

Growth plans or expansion plans are in-depth descriptions of proposed business growth and are written for internal or external purposes. If company’s growth requires investment, a growth plan may include complete descriptions of the company, its management and officers. The plan must provide all company details to satisfy potential investors.

If a growth plan needs no capital, the authors may forego obvious company descriptions, but will include financial sales and expense projections. If you’re looking for a hyper-focused business plan, this is it. Growth or expansion plans focus on a specific area within your business, like opening a new location or launching a certain product.

Growth business plans are internal and external facing. Internal growth plans are a lean version of a strategic business plan. You’ll use them if your company’s growth or expansion is being funded internally, such as if you’re launching a new product line from the last product line’s revenue. You already know what you’re funding, so you don’t need to deeply explain the product.

For an external or investor-facing growth plan, you’re going to need some different information. This type of plan assumes that the bank, investor or individual you’re pitching doesn’t know much about your business at all. You’ll need to look at it like you’re a startup and include additional details about your growth or expansion.

• Helps a company attract investors:  Growth plans are aimed at investors and banks so as to attract external investment. This plan usually include everything in a standard business plan. You need the financial data and projections, the market research and the funding request.
• It helps to analyse the business on a yearly basis: Growth plans are also termed as Annual Business plan and as the name suggests, the plan is for annual purposes. These types of business plans are more important to startups. This is because you only need a years’ worth of information to write it.
• It helps during the time of big changes in company: Growth plans are very helpful to companies that are trying to make monumental changes in a short time.
• The Lean Plan

Businesses use the Lean business plan to manage strategy, tactics, dates, milestones, activities, and cash flow. The Lean Plan is faster, easier, and more efficient than a formal business plan because it doesn’t include summaries, descriptions, and background details that you and your partners or employees already know. A Lean Plan includes specific deadlines and milestones, and the budgets allotted for meeting them.

• It is used to track milestones:  The lean business plan is most useful if you’re trying to grow your business and want to use it as a tool to track your financials and milestones against what you projected so you can respond to opportunity and react to challenges quickly.
• The standard business plan

You’ll need to put together a stand business plan if you have a business plan event, which is what it is called when a business needs to present a business plan to a bank, prospective investor, vendor, ally, partner, or employee.

The most standard business plan starts with an executive summary and includes sections or chapters covering the company, the product or service it sells, the target market, strategy and implementation milestones and goals, management team, and financial forecasting, and analysis. The exact order of topics is not important, but most people expect to see all of these topics covered as part of the standard plan.

Think of your Lean Plan as a good first draft of a standard plan. Those complete projections include the three essential financial projections (also called pro-forma statements): profit and loss, balance sheet, and cash flow. Every standard business plan needs sales plus these three essentials.

• To analyze cash flow:  The cash flow is an essential part of a standard business plan. Businesses need cash to stay open. Even if a business can survive temporarily without profits, it still needs the cash to pay its bills. And since profits alone don’t guarantee cash in the bank, projected cash flow is essential.

Many standard plans also include a table for personnel spending. Some standard plans will need additional projections to meet the needs of the specific business plan event.

For example, plans for seeking outside investment should include a discussion of an eventual exit for investors, and of course the planned use of the invested funds. Plans supporting a bank loan application might include projected ratios the bank wants to see, such as debt to equity, quick, or current ratios.

• One-page business plan

A one-page business plan is typically a one-page summary of the business, and it includes highlights only. This business plan is used to offer a very quick overview of a business.

• To provide a quick business summary: The one-page business plan summarizes the target market , business offering, main milestones, and essential sales forecast of a business in a single page. Such a summary can be useful as a summary for banks, potential investors, vendors, allies, and employees. A one-page business plan can also be called a business pitch.
• The Miniplan

The miniplan is a sort of abridged version of the normal business plan. This business plan is preferred by many recipients because they can read it, or download it quickly to read later on their iPhone or tablet. You include most of the same ingredients that you would in a longer plan, but you cut to the highlights while telling the same story.

• It provides a quick overview of the business for investors:  The miniplan provides a quick summary of the business or company for someone who may not have the time to go through the longer version.
• The Presentation Plan

The advent of PowerPoint presentations changed the way many, if not most, plans are presented. And while the plan is shorter than its predecessors, it’s not necessarily easier to present. Many people lose sleep over an upcoming presentation, especially one that can play a vital role in the future of their business. But presenting your plan as a deck can be very powerful.

Readers of a plan can’t always capture your passion for the business nor can they ask questions when you finish. But in 20 minutes, you can cover all the key points and tell your story from concept and mission statement through financial forecasts.

• It helps to present the company in a detailed format to an audience: The presentation plan helps to present the company in a concise to a listening audience. In 20 minutes, you can cover all the key points and tell the story of your organisation from concept and mission statement through to financial forecasts.
• The Working Plan

A working plan is a tool to be used to operate your business. It is usually long on detail but may be short on presentation. As with a miniplan, you can probably use a somewhat higher degree of informality when preparing a working plan. It is there to work for your company and provide the required guide.

The plan is usually intended strictly for internal use, and so you can omit some elements that you need not explain to yourself and your team. Likewise, you probably don’t need to include an appendix with resumes of key executives. Nor would a working plan especially benefit from product photos.

• It provides guidelines for the day to day running of the business: The working plan is like an old pair of slacks you wear to the office on Saturdays. It’s there to be used, not admired. It provides pointers on how things are to be done in the company.
• The What-If Plan

When you face unusual circumstances, you need something a bit different from your usual working plan. For example, you might want to prepare a contingency plan when you’re seeking bank financing.

A contingency plan is a plan based on the worst-case scenario that you can imagine your business surviving—loss of market share, heavy price competition, defection of a key member of your management team. A contingency plan can soothe the fears of a banker or investor by demonstrating that you have indeed considered more than a rosy scenario.

Your business may be considering an acquisition, in which case a pro forma business plan (some call this a what-if plan) can help you understand what the acquisition is worth and how it might affect your core business. What if you raise prices, invest in staff training and reduce duplicative efforts?

Such what-if planning doesn’t have to be as formal as a presentation plan. Perhaps you want to mull over the chances of a major expansion. A what-if plan can help you spot the increased needs for space, equipment, personnel and other variables so you can make good decisions.

• It helps in analyzing various business scenarios, good or bad: If a company wants to make sudden changes, a what-if business plan is used to analyse the changes properly so the company knows what it is getting itself into.
• They provide insight: This business plan provides insight into the decisions companies makes at every point in their existence. What sets these kinds of plans apart from the working and presentation plans is that they aren’t necessarily describing how you’ll run the business. They’re essentially more like an addendum to your actual business plan.
• It helps the company make good decisions: A “what if” plan helps a company consider major changes that affect the core of the business, so they can make good decisions. It’s the plan you should consider before you consider any expansion or growth plan.

14. Development Business Plan

Development plans or extension plans are top to bottom depictions of proposed business development and they are composed to display inward or outside purposes of a business. A development policy incorporates overall details of the organization, its administration and responsibility the personnel share among themselves.

The policy must show the organization detail and emphasize the elements required to fulfill potential speculators. If in case the development plan requires no capital, the plan composers may pass by those organization portrayals, but will surely incorporate money related deals and cost projections.

• It is used in detailed industry analysis: A development policy incorporates overall details of the organization, its administration and responsibility the personnel share among themselves.

More on Business Plan Tips

Business Plan Executive Summary Example & Template

Updated: Jun 3, 2024, 1:03pm

Table of Contents

Components of an executive summary, how to write an executive summary, example of an executive summary, frequently asked questions.

A business plan is a document that you create that outlines your company’s objectives and how you plan to meet those objectives. Every business plan has key sections such as management and marketing. It should also have an executive summary, which is a synopsis of each of the plan sections in a one- to two-page overview. This guide will help you create an executive summary for your business plan that is comprehensive while being concise.

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The executive summary should mimic the sections found in the business plan . It is just a more concise way of stating what’s in the plan so that a reader can get a broad overview of what to expect.

State the company’s mission statement and provide a few sentences on what the company’s purpose is.

Company History and Management

This section describes the basics of where the company is located, how long it has been in operation, who is running it and what their level of experience is. Remember that this is a summary and that you’ll expand on management experience within the business plan itself. But the reader should know the basics of the company structure and who is running the company from this section.

Products or Services

This section tells the reader what the product or service of the company is. Every company does something. This is where you outline exactly what you do and how you solve a problem for the consumer.

This is an important section that summarizes how large the market is for the product or service. In the business plan, you’ll do a complete market analysis. Here, you will write the key takeaways that show that you have the potential to grow the business because there are consumers in the market for it.

Competitive Advantages

This is where you will summarize what makes you better than the competitors. Identify key strengths that will be reasons why consumers will choose you over another company.

Financial Projections

This is where you estimate the sales projections for the first years in business. At a minimum, you should have at least one year’s projections, but it may be better to have three to five years if you can project that far ahead.

Startup Financing Requirements

This states what it will cost to get the company launched and running. You may tackle this as a first-year requirement or if you have made further projections, look at two to three years of cost needs.

The executive summary is found at the start of the business plan, even though it is a summary of the plan. However, you should write the executive summary last. Writing the summary once you have done the work and written the business plan will be easier. After all, it is a summary of what is in the plan. Keep the executive summary limited to two pages so that it doesn’t take someone a long time to peruse what the summary says.

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It might be easier to write an executive summary if you know what to expect. Here is an example of an executive summary that you can use as a template.

Bottom Line

Writing an executive summary doesn’t need to be difficult if you’ve already done the work of writing the business plan itself. Take the elements from the plan and summarize each section. Point out key details that will make the reader want to learn more about the company and its financing needs.

How long is an executive summary?

An executive summary should be one to two pages and no more. This is just enough information to help the reader determine their overall interest in the company.

Does an executive summary have keywords?

The executive summary uses keywords to help sell the idea of the business. As such, there may be enumeration, causation and contrasting words.

How do I write a business plan?

If you have business partners, make sure to collaborate with them to ensure that the plan accurately reflects the goals of all parties involved. You can use our simple business plan template to get started.

What basic items should be included in a business plan?

When writing out a business plan, you want to make sure that you cover everything related to your concept for the business,  an analysis of the industry―including potential customers and an overview of the market for your goods or services―how you plan to execute your vision for the business, how you plan to grow the business if it becomes successful and all financial data around the business, including current cash on hand, potential investors and budget plans for the next few years.

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Kimberlee Leonard has 22 years of experience as a freelance writer. Her work has been featured on US News and World Report, Business.com and Fit Small Business. She brings practical experience as a business owner and insurance agent to her role as a small business writer.

Cassie is a deputy editor collaborating with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the boards of directors of two non-profit organizations seeking to revitalize her former railroad town. Prior to joining the team at Forbes Advisor, Cassie was a content operations manager and copywriting manager.

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Executive Summary of the Business Plan

How to Write an Executive Summary That Gets Your Business Plan Read

Susan Ward wrote about small businesses for The Balance for 18 years. She has run an IT consulting firm and designed and presented courses on how to promote small businesses.

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An executive summary of a business plan is an overview. Its purpose is to summarize the key points of a document for its readers, saving them time and preparing them for the upcoming content.

Think of the executive summary as an advance organizer for the reader. Above all else, it must be clear and concise. But it also has to entice the reader to read the rest of the business plan.

This is why the executive summary is often called the most important part of the business plan. If it doesn’t capture the reader's attention, the plan will be set aside unread—a disaster if you've written your business plan as part of an attempt to get money to start your new business. (Getting startup money is not the only reason to write a business plan; there are other just-as-important reasons .)

Because it is an overview of the entire plan, it is common to write the executive summary last (and writing it last can make it much easier).

What Information Goes in an Executive Summary?

The information you need to include varies somewhat depending on whether your business is a startup or an established business.

For a startup business typically one of the main goals of the business plan is to convince banks, angel investors , or venture capitalists to invest in your business by providing startup capital in the form of debt or equity financing .

In order to do so you will have to provide a solid case for your business idea which makes your executive summary all the more important. A typical executive summary for a startup company includes the following sections:

• Business Opportunity: Describe the need or the opportunity.
• Taking Advantage of the Opportunity: Explain how your business will serve the market.
• Target Market : Describe the customer base you will be targeting.
• Business Model : Describe your products or services and what will make them appealing to the target market.
• Marketing and Sales Strategy : Briefly outline your plans for marketing your products and services.
• Competition: Describe your competition and your strategy for getting market share. What is your competitive advantage, e.g. what will you offer to customers that your competitors cannot?
• Financial Analysis: Summarize the financial plan including projections for at least the next three years.
• Owners/Staff: Describe the owners and the key staff members and the expertise they bring to the venture.
• Implementation P lan: Outline the schedule for taking your business from the planning stage to opening your doors.

For established businesses, the executive summary typically includes information about achievements, growth plans , etc. A typical executive summary outline for an established business includes:

• Mission Statement : Articulates the purpose of your business. In a few sentences describe what your company does and your core values and business philosophy.
• Company Information: Give a brief history of your company —describe your products or services, when and where it was formed, who the owners and key employees are, and statistics such as the number of employees, business locations, etc.
• Business Highlights: Describe the evolution of the business and how it has grown, including year-over-year revenue increases, profitability, increases in market share, number of customers, etc.
• Financial Summary: If the purpose of updating the business plan is to seek additional financing for expansion, then give a brief financial summary.
• Future Goals: Describe your goals for the business . If you are seeking financing explain how additional funding will be used to expand the business or otherwise increase profits.

How Do I Write an Executive Summary of a Business Plan?

Start by following the list above and writing one to two sentences about each topic (depending on whether your business is a startup or an established business). No more! 

The Easy Way of Writing One

Having trouble getting started? The easiest way of writing the executive summary is to review your business plan and take a summary sentence or two from each of the business plan sections you’ve already written.

If you compare the list above to the sections outlined in the  business plan outline , you’ll see that this could work very well.

Then finish your business plan’s executive summary with a clinching closing sentence or two that answers the reader’s question, “Why is this a winning business?”

For example, an executive summary for a pet-sitting business might conclude: “The loving on-site professional care that Pet Grandma will provide is sure to appeal to both cat and dog owners throughout the West Vancouver area.”

(You may find it useful to read the entire Pet Grandma  executive summary example  before you write your own.)

Tips for Writing the Business Plan’s Executive Summary

• Focus on providing a summary.  The business plan itself will provide the details and whether bank managers or investors, the readers of your plan don’t want to have their time wasted.
• Keep your language strong and positive.  Don’t weaken your executive summary with weak language. Instead of writing, “Dogstar Industries might be in an excellent position to win government contracts,” write “Dogstar Industries will be in an excellent position.”
• Keep it short–no more than two pages long . Resist the temptation to pad your business plan’s executive summary with details (or pleas). The job of the executive summary is to present the facts and entice your reader to read the rest of the business plan, not tell him everything.
• Polish your executive summary.  Read it aloud. Does it flow or does it sound choppy? Is it clear and succinct? Once it sounds good to you, have someone else who knows nothing about your business read it and make suggestions for improvement.
• Tailor it to your audience.  If the purpose of your business plan is to  entice investors , for instance, your executive summary should focus on the opportunity your business provides investors and why the opportunity is special. If the purpose of your business plan is to get a small business loan , focus on highlighting what traditional lenders want to see, such as management's experience in the industry and the fact that you have both collateral and strategies in place to minimize the lender's risk.
• Put yourself in your readers’ place. And read your executive summary again. Does it generate interest or excitement in the reader? If not, why? Also try giving it to a friend or relative to read, who is not engaged in the business. If you've done a good job on the executive summary, an impartial third party should be able to understand it.

Remember, the executive summary will be the first thing your readers read. If it's poorly written, it will also be the last thing they read, as they set the rest of your business plan aside unread.

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. " Business Plan Guidelines ," Page 2.

Corporate Finance Institute. " Executive Summary ."

Iowa State University. " Types and Sources of Financing for Start-up Businesses ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Write Your Business Plan ."

Clute Institute. " Using Business Plans for Teaching Entrepreneurship ," Page 733.