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A Johns Hopkins postdoc, Herbert Baxter Adams, brought the seminar method of teaching from Germany, where he earned a PhD in 1876. The idea: That students would learn more by doing than by listening to lectures and taking exams.

That spirit of inquiry , of challenging the way things are done, lives on today in our nine academic divisions, all of which offer full-time graduate programs.

More information about our graduate programs is available below

School of Advanced International Studies

Students get global perspectives on today’s critical issues, with programs in international affairs , international studies , economics and finance , and public policy

Krieger School of Arts & Sciences

More than 60 full-time and part-time graduate programs spanning the arts , humanities , and natural and social sciences

Also see:   Part-time graduate options via Advanced Academic Programs

Carey Business School

The Carey Business School’s AACSB-accredited business programs provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to be successful leaders and lifelong learners .

School of Education

One of the nation’s top schools of education, according to U.S. News & World Report , with degree and certificate programs in teaching , special education , counseling , administration , and leadership

Whiting School of Engineering

Programs in fields of critical importance to the future, health, and safety of our world, including robotics , biomedical engineering , cybersecurity , and systems engineering

Also see: Part-time and online options via Engineering for Professionals

School of Medicine

Since 1893, Johns Hopkins Medicine has trained the next generation of great medical leaders and is widely regarded as one of the best med schools and hospitals in the world, with top programs in internal medicine , women’s health , HIV/AIDS , geriatrics , drug/alcohol abuse , and pediatrics

School of Nursing

The U.S. News & World Report top-ranked school prepares graduate level pre-licensure students and current BSN or advanced practice nurses to be health care leaders through a variety of MSN, DNP, and PhD programs. Students can focus on a wide range of advanced practice specialty areas – including health care organizational leadership , nurse anesthesiology , pediatric , adult/Gerontological , family , or critical care .

Peabody Institute

Founded in 1857, this world-renowned conservatory offers degrees in composition , computer music , conducting , performance , jazz , music education , music theory , and recording arts and sciences

Bloomberg School of Public Health

The Bloomberg School, U.S. News & World Report ‘s top-ranked graduate school of public health for more than two decades, offers programs in health administration , health science , and public policy

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Luis Quintero, PhD

Luis Quintero (PhD in Economics and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University) is an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. His work focuses on urban and real estate economics, especially related to housing markets, agglomeration economies and policy-related issues like housing affordability. He also does research on determinants of growth, decline, and sustainability of cities in developed and developing economies. At JHU Carey Business School he teaches courses on infrastructure development of sustainable cities, real estate and infrastructure finance, and microeconomics. He works on policy analysis for the 21st Century Cities Initiative at JHU and is part of the core faculty at the Hopkins Business of Health Initiative. He also co-directs the Latin American and the Caribbean Economics Association (LACEA) urban economics network. Luis’s work has been published in leading economic journals, and his work has been quoted in the media, including NPR, Fox, The Economist, Baltimore Magazine, The Washington Post, the LA Times, and CNN.

• Ph. D, Economics, Carnegie Mellon University
• MA, Economics and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University
• MA, Economics, Universidad de los Andes
• BS, Economics, Universidad de los Andes

Selected publications

• A New Approach to Estimating Hedonic Equilibrium Models for Metropolitan Housing Markets. with D. Epple and H. Sieg, forthcoming in Journal of Political Economy. 
• Public Procurement, Control and Public Goods Provision. Forthcoming in the book Estate Capacity, CAF 2015.
• Economic Growth Outbreaks: Is Connectedness a Good Predictor? with Carlos Patino. The Heinz Journal of Public Policy. 2014.
• The Politics of Market Selection. Desarrollo Y Sociedad, Vol 57, Universidad de los Andes.

Working papers

• Managing Decline: Urban dynamics in Declining Cities with Paula Restrepo.
• Explaining Spatial Variations in Productivity. Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean with Mark Roberts. 
• Fewer players, fewer homes: concentration and the new dynamics of housing supply, with Jacob Cosman.
• Infrastructure Development for Sustainable Cities

Honors and distinctions

• Carey Business School's Dean's List Award
• Eastern Europe and Central Asia World Bank Academy Award for Best Paper 2020.
• Carey's Business School Supplementary Research Grant
• Teaching Innovation Fund Award
• Global Real Estate Summit. Best Paper Award, Second Level, 2015
• American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association (AREUEA) Homer Hoyt Institute Best Doctoral Dissertation Award 2014.
• William Larimer Mellon Fellowship, Carnegie Mellon University, 2008-2013.
• MOOD Fellowship for the 12th Doctoral Workshop in Economic Theory and Econometrics. Rome 2012.
• ICE fellowship for the University of Chicago- Argonne Initiative for Computational Economics. Chicago, 2012.

In the media

• America is getting worse at building new homes , The Economist
• Reckoning With the Wreckage: Baltimore Businesses Reinvent Themselves , Baltimore Magazine.
• Economists identify an unseen force holding back affordable housing , The Washington Post.
• Is the Elimination of Plastic Straws Justified?, CNN en Español.
• Research examines impacts of rent regulation...
• Breaking Down the Elements of Infrastructure Bill
• Concentration of larger builders means less...

Department of Health Policy and Management

Bloomberg school of public health.

Since its founding in 1921, the   Department of Health Policy and Management   (HPM) has been dedicated to advancing the public health field through the development, implementation, and eval­uation of health and social policies. HPM is dedicated to advancing local, state, national, tribal, and global health policy to make a difference.  The faculty’s policy-making expertise provides a sound basis for systemic changes to promote health, monitor, and evaluate the results of those changes and train tomorrow’s leading policymakers and administrators. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School was ranked #1 in Health Policy and Management by peers in the 2023-2024 U.S. News & World Report Rankings.

The Department trains public health professionals and researchers in diverse disciplines and fields relevant to the translation of public health sciences into practice and policy. The goal is to train researchers and public health leaders to become agents of change to advance the public’s health through effective, efficient, and equitable policies, programs, and services.

The Department is committed to advancing research, education, and practice in the following areas:

• Bioethics and Health Policy : The ethical issues relevant to public health policy, practice, and research.
• Health Economics and Policy : The concepts and methods of economic analysis to study how clinical and public health resources are and should be allocated.
• Health and Public Policy : The development, analysis, implementation, and evaluation of health and social policies that promote population health and quality of life.
• Health Services Research and Policy : The organization, financing, and delivery of both curative and preventive services, and their impact on access, quality, outcomes, and cost, particularly for the most vulnerable.
• Leadership and Management : The leadership and management needs of health and public health organizations in today's rapidly changing environment.

Degree Programs

• Health Administration, MHA
• Health Economics and Outcomes Research, MHS
• Health Finance and Management, MHS
• Health Policy, MSPH
• Health Policy and Management, PhD
• Health Policy and Management, DrPH (Tsinghua)
• Non-Degree Training

Research Centers & Institutes

HPM faculty come from many disciplinary and professional backgrounds but share a common focus on research and practice that addresses major health and social policy issues and their impact on population health. The Department's research efforts are largely organized around centers and institutes in areas of public health importance.

• Center for Gun Violence Solutions  
• Center for Health Disparities Solutions  
• Center for Health Services & Outcomes Research  
• Center for Hospital Finance and Management 
• Center for Injury Research & Policy  
• Center for Law & the Public's Health  
• Center for Mental Health & Addiction Policy Research  
• Center for Population Health IT  
• Evidence-Based Practice Center  
• ​ Hopkins' Economics of Alzheimer's Disease and Services Center  
• Institute for Health and Social Policy  
• Primary Care Policy Center  
• Risk Sciences & Public Policy Institute  
• Roger C. Lipitz Center for Integrated Health Care 
• Johns Hopkins University Public Policy Center , 
• Lerner Center for Public Health Advocacy  
• Berman Institute of Bioethics  

Affiliated Centers, Institutes, and Initiatives

• Hopkins Business of Health Initiative
• Johns Hopkins Drug Access and Affordability Initiative
• Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC)

The research conducted by these centers and institutes is timely and rigorous, responsive to the needs of clinicians, healthcare administrators, officials, and policymakers at the local, state, and national levels. The Department's research is broad, beyond the U.S. and North America, to promote and protect health across the world including the European Union, South America, the Middle East, Asia, and parts of Africa.

The faculty of the Department are trained in many disciplines and lead a wide range of research and practice. Areas of focus include:

• Analyzing and evaluating the effects of policy changes on the health of individuals and populations.
• Assessing the organization, financing, and delivery of health care and public health services and their impact on access, quality of care, patient outcomes, and cost.
• Developing and testing community-based models of health and preventive services to improve access, quality of care, patient outcomes, and cost.
• Improving methods for measuring the health of populations and individuals, risks to health, and the characteristics of health services provided to individuals and populations, including access to care, quality, and cost.
• Analyzing the ethics of public health policy, practice, and research.

The department also has a distinguished part-time faculty including leaders in management, practice, policy, and public health. The part-time faculty hold appointments as adjunct professors, senior associates, and associates. They teach courses, serve as preceptors, and are available to mentor students.

A full list of faculty associated with the Department can be found  here .

Department Governance

The Department strives to ensure that policy and decision-making processes are participatory and that decision criteria are transparent to all stakeholders. The Department engages faculty, staff, and students in its governance. Standing committees consist of elected or appointed members, and there are formal and informal opportunities to meet with the department leadership to discuss issues and policies. Central to the functioning of the Department are the Leadership Team and several standing faculty and staff committees.

The  Leadership Team (LT)  is charged with making day-to-day decisions for the Department and facilitating strategic change. The committee consists of the Chair of the Department, the Associate Chair for Academic Programs, the Associate Chair for Faculty, the Associate Chair for Research and Practice, the Associate Chair for Inclusion, Diversity, Anti-Racism & Equity (IDARE), the Department Administrator, and the Director of the Department’s Office of Academic Affairs.

The  Committee on Inclusion, Diversity, Anti-Racism, and Equity (IDARE)  promotes scholarship and training to cultivate an environment where all people, especially those who are historically marginalized, disenfranchised, or excluded, can thrive. The committee, which is comprised of students, staff, and faculty, works closely with the School's IDARE office and HPM leadership to build a diverse inclusive community in HPM and support actions grounded in anti-racism and equity. Further information on HPM's IDARE activities can be found on our  website . 

The  Academic Policy and Admissions Committee (APAC)  monitors the department’s policies related to admissions, curriculum, and methods for assessing the quality of education in the Department. The scope of APAC’s responsibilities includes oversight of academic policies, review of new programs, monitoring consistency among program curricula, setting standards for admissions, and other issues of concern related to the academic health of the department. Members of APAC include program directors and student representatives.  

The  Faculty Development Committee (FDC)  monitors department faculty progress, appointments, and promotions and makes recommendations to the Department Chair in accordance with the School’s policies. The committee is composed of senior faculty in the department. 

The  Practice Committee  is charged with creating a culture and environment that advances opportunities for faculty, students, and staff to learn more about, participate in, and be recognized for public health practice efforts. Members of the committee include faculty and students.

The  Social Committee  is charged with improving interactions among faculty, staff, and students. It organizes department-wide events such as the annual holiday party. Members of the committee include faculty, staff, and students. 

The  Student Endowment Awards Committee  is charged with reviewing and selecting recipients for Departmentally-based student endowments. Faculty members are appointed by the chair to serve on this committee. 

HPM Departmental Academic Policies

All students are assigned a faculty adviser at the time of admission to the program. Advisers play an important role in the student's academic life. The adviser is expected to keep abreast of school and departmental degree requirements so that they can counsel advisees on courses and the proper progression towards the degree. Registration, add/drop, pass/fail agreements and many other School forms require the signature of the student's adviser. In addition, any special requests or petitions that a student submits to any of the administrative offices of the School will require the endorsement of the student's adviser as well as that of the Department chair.

In an effort to eliminate unclear expectations for both faculty and students, the following guidelines have been developed.

Expectations, Rights, and Responsibilities

Students can expect their adviser to work with them in defining educational goals, coursework, and independent studies that will assist in achieving their goals. In addition, the adviser periodically will review academic progress with the student, including assessing the student's strengths and weaknesses. Advisers provide advice while students must make the final choices consistent with the guidelines and policies of the Department, School, and University.

Students are responsible for scheduling regular meetings with their advisers, in-person or by phone, to discuss goals, progress, problems, and next steps. If an adviser does not know the answer to specific questions or issues, the adviser will refer the student to knowledgeable sources. Advisers are expected to make a regular time available for student-adviser meetings or have a clearly stated process by which students can schedule a time to meet individually. Students have the right to change advisers and individual faculty members have the right to accept or not to accept any specific student as an advisee. The first step in the process of changing advisers is to consult the program director.

All tenure-track faculty are expected to have an advising load consistent with their rank and are expected to commit their best efforts to provide students with the academic advice and career direction needed to be successful. Non-tenured professional faculty and scientists frequently advise master's and doctoral students. Their advising and teaching roles and loads vary, depending on their primary academic commitments.

Advisers are expected to provide what guidance they can in helping a student meet the financial demands of tuition and living expenses. This may include assistance in completing applications for scholarships, dissertation grants, and training grants. The Department's Office of Academic Affairs and the School's Office of Financial Aid share responsibilities for advising students on financial aid and work opportunities.

Minimum Expectations for Student-Adviser Meetings

The following are minimum expectations for scheduled meetings between a faculty adviser and advisee. In general, meetings should be scheduled so students can prepare for the meeting, should be at least a half-hour or more in duration, and should be conducted in an appropriate location, desirably without interruptions.

Email Signature Lines

If a student in the Department chooses to indicate an affiliation with the University in an email signature line, the line  must contain information on the student’s candidacy status .

Teaching Assistantships

Students can TA in the department but need instructor AND departmental approval prior to starting work. For more information, students must talk to the instructor and if both agree, will complete the necessary paperwork. For the most updated policy and open positions, please see the Department's portal page (separate login required). 

All TA’s who serve in HPM courses, regardless of their department or program, are required to take the Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL) TA training course designed to guide students in their roles and responsibilities as TA’s prior to beginning any work.

CTL’s TA Training has been approved by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Teaching Excellence & Innovation (CTEI) to fulfill the Teaching Academy – Preparing Future Faculty (PFF) program – Phase I requirement. Students interested in obtaining a Teaching Academy certification can finish CTL's TA training and continue their path with the Teaching Academy. For more information on the  Teaching Academy Program please follow this link . 

Student Conflict Mediator 

Are you stressed about a challenging relationship with a faculty mentor, supervisor or staff member?  Are you unsure about how to proceed with your concern?  Do you feel unfairly treated?

The Health Policy and Management Conflict Mediator can help with all of these types of concerns. The HPM Conflict Mediator provides a confidential, impartial, informal, and independent place to discuss Departmental student concerns, access information, clarify policies and procedures, discuss response options, and get problem-solving assistance. Those using the Conflict Mediator’s services can remain anonymous, if they choose, and in control over what, if any, actions are taken (unless information disclosed is legally required to be reported). The Conflict Mediator will not take sides in a dispute and does not serve as an office of record or keep any personally identifiable records. The Conflict Mediator does not take part in any formal process but can talk with you about your formal and informal options. 

The HPM Student Conflict Mediator is Professor Jon Vernick .

HPM Student Coordinating Committee (SCC)

The Department of Health Policy and Management has an active and organized student group, the Student Coordinating Committee (SCC). The SCC works to facilitate communication and interaction between the Department (faculty and administrators) and the students.  The SCC works each year to plan and develop different opportunities aimed at achieving this goal. Participation by all HPM students is welcomed and encouraged.   

Required Course Waivers/Substitution Policy

In rare cases, students may request a waiver or substitution of a required program course.  Any request must be submitted in writing according to the guidelines outlined below at least one week prior to the start of the academic term and be approved in writing by the student's Program Director.

Examples of when a substitution might be appropriate:

• A student has successfully completed a  graduate level  course with a grade of "A" or "B" that covered the same content areas as the required course. (The completed graduate-level course syllabus must be submitted with the request.)
• A course or series of courses fulfills a general area of the required curriculum, such as biostatistics or epidemiology, but the student wishes to take a different course or series that is equally or more advanced than the normal requirement and that better aligns with their overall academic and career goals.

Course substitutions must abide by the following principles:

• A strong rationale must be made for how the substitution will benefit the student's overall academic and career goals.
• The resulting curriculum meets the requirements of the learning competencies of the student's program. 

Procedure for making a substitution request:

• The request for substitution must be submitted to the student's Program Director in writing at least one week before the substituted course is to be offered.
• A brief rationale for the substitution must be provided in writing.
• A completed course-by-course curriculum plan for the degree must accompany the request.
• Approval or denial will be provided by the Program Director within one week of being received. Decisions on course substitutions may not be appealed. As such, students should be prepared to complete the required curriculum if the request is denied.
• Waiver or substitution decisions are communicated to the HPM Office of Academic Affairs for documentation.

Funding/HPM Student Endowment Opportunities

Master's tuition scholarship.

The Master's Tuition Scholarship (MTS) provides eligible MSPH and MHA students with a tuition scholarship worth 75% of one year's tuition. The scholarship can be applied in one of two ways: (1) All 75% applied in Year 2; or (2) 25% applied in Year 1 and 50% applied in Year 2. Students in these programs must declare which option they prefer in the summer before matriculating. Once a preference has been selected, students may not change their scholarship allocation. Upon completion of the 2nd year field placement or residency, the scholarship will be concluded. Students are not permitted to enroll in courses using the scholarship once they have completed the program.

PhD Funding

All PhD students admitted to the Department are offered a standard funding package which includes:  4 years of tuition and 4 years of a stipend; health, dental, and vision insurance, along with the University's clinic fee is supported for the duration of one's enrollment in the PhD program up to 7 years.  

Student Endowment Awards

The Department has a number of Student Endowment Awards that provide competitive opportunities for students to obtain additional funding. These awards are limited to enrolled students only. Recipients are selected based on the match to the spirit of the funder's wishes. 

Satisfactory Academic Progress

Students must meet minimum standards to remain enrolled in the degree programs in the Department of Health Policy and Management. A student's failure to meet the criteria is grounds for being placed on academic warning and/or being dismissed from the program.    

Students enrolled in the 2-year Master of Health Administration (MHA) and Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH) programs who do not achieve the minimum GPA by the end of the 4th term in the first year and successfully complete all year 1 required coursework may be prevented from initiating their 2nd year placement or residency. Program Directors, in consultation with the HPM Student Matters Committee, will determine the appropriate course of action.  

Guidelines for Student Employment

Master's students.

Full-time master's students who work for the Bloomberg School are eligible to work a maximum of 19.99 hours per week during each academic term. During periods of academic non-enrollment (i.e., summer, spring break, etc.) student employees may work up to 40 hours per week. This work-hour limit does not apply to the Year 2 placement or residency for the MHA and MSPH programs. For FICA TAX purposes, "summer" begins on  June 1st  and ends on the last day of August prior to the first day of Term 1. During this time, students may work up to 40 hours per week. International students should always consult with their OIS officer prior to accepting any employment offer.

PhD Students

HPM PhD students may be permitted to work more than 19.99 hours per week during each academic term when the work opportunity is well-aligned with their degree program and will not interfere with their role as full-time students. Those funded by  NIH training grants may seek part-time employment coincidental to their training program to further offset their expenses.  Trainees may spend on average an additional 25% of their time (e.g., 10 hours per week) in part-time research, teaching, or clinical employment as long as those activities do not interfere with, or lengthen, the duration of their NRSA funding. 

Eligible HPM PhD students wishing to work more than 19.99 hours per week must obtain written approval from their academic/thesis advisor and program director documenting how the additional work beyond 19.99 hours aligns with their program and progress in the program. Approval or disapproval by the advisor and program director will be based on the student's stage and performance in their program, any policies or requirements specific to the student's source of funding, and the nature of the additional work.

International students under limited circumstances may be able to work more than 19.99 hours but the work must be related to the student's program and approved in advance by OIS before increasing the student's work hours.

During periods of academic non-enrollment, (i.e., summer, spring, winter break), student employees may work up to 40 hours per week.

Program Prerequisites

All students matriculating into the Department of Health Policy and Management are required to complete the following training modules prior to the start of their first term of enrollment. These training sessions are incorporated into the Department's Summer Orientation session, which runs from early June through the end of August, prior to the start of the formal academic year. Some HPM programs may have additional prerequisites that are noted on their requirements page. 

• Introduction to Online Learning 
• PH.550.860 Academic & Research Ethics

Withdrawals

Failure to register for a term results in an automatic withdrawal. A withdrawn student must be formally readmitted before resuming a program of study. Students requesting to be readmitted must submit the most current transcript prior to the withdrawal and a cover letter explaining the reasons for the withdrawal and why the student wants to be readmitted to the program director who will recommend to the HPM Student Matters committee approval or rejection of the request.  

Registration

All MSPH, MHS, and MHA students are expected to maintain a continuous registration through graduation. Those enrolled in full-time programs must register for a minimum of 12 credits each in terms 1-4. International students should work with the Office of International Services to make sure they understand the requirements of their visa. Students should reach out to their program director with any questions about how to meet the requirements within the context of their specific degree program.

Registration requirements for HPM PhD students can be found in the HPM PhD requirements section. 

Academic Leave of Absence (LOA)

Academic leave of absence refers and is limited to students in a degree program requiring continuous enrollment who have completed a minimum of one academic term of program coursework, and who, while in good academic standing, are forced to withdraw temporarily from graduate work due to reasons beyond their control, such as illness, military service, financial exigency, or pressing personal reasons justifying an interruption of the degree program. Please read the  school-wide academic leave of absence  policy for further information.

An active file fee of $50 per term is assessed for each term within the leave of absence period. The Department will cover this fee for all  full time  HPM degree-seeking students for up to 8 terms (which is the limit per the School’s Leave of Absence Policy). For further information, contact the HPM Office of Academic Affairs. 

Bloomberg School Policies

Graduate student sick leave.

All students receiving a fellowship/stipend from BSPH for full-time study while enrolled in a Master's or PhD program at the School are entitled to 15 days (three weeks) of paid sick leave per year. Days may be used for a student's own sickness or to care for a family member. Unused days may not be carried over into the following 12-month period and are not payable upon departure.

When a student takes sick leave, they should notify their faculty adviser and keep them as up-to-date as feasible. At its discretion, the department or adviser may require the student to submit verification of the need for sick leave from their healthcare provider to the University Health Service Center for review. Any documents containing a student's medical information must be kept separate from their academic file. Extended absences (more than two weeks) must be reported by the student and the adviser to the Department Administrator as quickly as possible. If the illness requires an extended absence, the student may apply for a leave of absence.

Academic Ethics Code

The faculty and students of the Bloomberg School of Public Health have the joint responsibility for maintaining academic integrity and guaranteeing the high standard of conduct of this institution. Please read the Code of Academic Ethics  for more information.

Compliance Line

The mission of Johns Hopkins University is to educate its students and cultivate their capacity for life-long learning, foster independent and original research, and to bring the benefits of discovery to the world. In service to this mission, the university strives to promote an environment of integrity, ethics, and safety. All members of the Johns Hopkins community are expected to uphold these standards, which is why the Johns Hopkins Compliance Line was established. This independently administered hotline allows for anonymous (if desired) reporting of serious concerns or violations of any kind.

Student Grievance Procedure

On occasion, disputes arise between students and other members of the Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health community. The School encourages individuals involved in such disputes to resolve the matter directly between themselves. For those disputes that cannot be resolved informally, the following policy has been created to provide students or student groups with a formal process to seek resolution of a grievance. A grievance covered by these procedures is a complaint by a student or group of students alleging that they have been adversely affected in their capacity as students.

Parental Accommodations

Contact the HPM Academic Office to discuss the accommodations policy and how it impacts the student at least three months before the birth or adoption of a child, as we may need to create a plan that instructors, supervisors, students, and advisers approve of. Please read the University parental accommodations policy for graduate students and postdocs.  

Additional Bloomberg School Policies impacting on students can be found here

Bloomberg School Offices and Services

The following are selected offices and services provided by the Bloomberg School or the Johns Hopkins University which the Department of Health Policy and Management recommends its students utilize.  A full list of BSPH offices and services can be found  here .

• Career Services
• Student Disability Services
• SOURCE  (Service learning and community engagement)
• Institutional Review Board (IRB)
• Student Life
• Records and Registration
• Inclusion, Diversity, Anti-Racism, and Equity (IDARE) Office

University Resources and Services

• International Services
• University Health Services
• Office of Institutional Equity
• Student Assistance Program

Health Equity

A New $250 Million Approach to Addressing Health Care Patients’ Food Insecurities

Penn plays a major scientific role in new initiative backed by the american heart association and rockefeller foundation-led consortium.

• Hoag Levins
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University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Professor and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics Senior Fellow Kevin Volpp, MD, PhD , has become the Scientific Leader of a new national 10-year, $250 million research and advocacy program designed to find cost effective approaches to improving health through greater access to healthy food for patients with chronic conditions and food or nutrition insecurities (not enough food or unhealthy diets). The initiative is called Health Care by Food ™ (HCXF).

Coordinated by the American Heart Association with support from the Rockefeller Foundation and other funders, HCXF involves more than 100 researchers and members of 25 community-based organizations and food-related companies across the country.

Millions of Patients

“The vision for the Health Care by Food™ initiative is to accelerate a future in which millions of patients are receiving the benefit of healthy food to improve health,” said the Association’s Chief Science and Medical Officer Mariell Jessup, MD, FAHA . “It’s for providers to know how to target and use food is medicine programs to help prevent and manage disease, and for payers to have sufficient and objective cost and effectiveness evidence for reimbursing food is medicine programs.”

“We all know food is central to health outcomes and affects many different organ systems in the body,” said Volpp. “And yet we also know that Americans don’t have very healthy diets. This initiative is about generating evidence and tools to help the health sector design and scale programs that increase access to nutritious food, improve health and health equity, and reduce overall health care costs.”

Volpp, the Mark V. Pauly President’s Distinguished Professor at the Perelman School of Medicine and the Wharton School, and Director of the Penn Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics (CHIBE) is an internationally-renowned expert in the field of behavioral economics.

About 20 CHIBE faculty members and staffers are involved in HCXF’s various task forces.

$8 Million in Initial Research Grants

In January, the Association’s HCXF program announced its first round of $8.4 million in research grants for 21 projects. The first in-person convening of all the participants took place on April 29-30 in the Wharton School’s Huntsman Hall on the Penn campus.

The gathering brought together researchers from 20 universities including Johns Hopkins, Yale, University of Kentucky, Ohio State University, Stanford University, Tufts, Duke, UNC Chapel Hill, and the University of Texas Houston, and; a dozen major health systems, including Geisinger, the Cleveland Clinic, and UCSF; collaborators from food delivery services, including Instacart and Fresh Connect; and state and local nutrition-related institutes and community based organizations such as God’s Love We Deliver, the Family Health Council of Central Pennsylvania, and Hispanic Health Council. The meeting was run as a design workshop with facilitation from Stacey Chang, MS , and Natalie Privett, PhD , who had created the Dell Institute for Design at the University of Texas at Austin’s Medical School before founding New Origin Studios .

Executive Vice President of the Rockefeller Foundation Elizabeth Yee told the audience: “The Foundation has made its mission to advance the well-being of humanity and tackle the big problems that stand in the way of this reality. One of the challenges that we see is the dichotomy that currently exists between our health care system and food systems. The U.S. currently has the lowest life expectancy among wealthy countries, while having the highest per capita health care spending. In other words, our current system is great at purchasing health care services, but not so great at buying health outcomes.”

Underserved Americans

“Initial research has shown us that food is medicine policy has the potential to address these problems and that we can greatly improve health outcomes, especially for underserved Americans, while reducing health care spending,” Yee continued. “But we need to better understand how to unlock that potential. And to do that, we need to build the evidence base to help us learn which programs work best for which patients. We need to figure out how to build the necessary infrastructure to deliver these programs across the country. And we need to ensure that we’re continually spreading awareness of the benefit of food is medicine to patients, providers, and payers.”

According to the most recent data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), in 2022, an estimated 44.2 million people in the United States lived in food-insecure households struggling to get enough affordable, nutritious food.

Current Research Projects

A sample of some of the currently funded 21 HCXF research project titles demonstrates the initiative’s focus on the food needs of underserved populations:

• “Bringing Healthy Meals and Nutrition Education to Underserved Communities: A Randomized Pilot Implementation Trial”
• “Development of a User-Centered Approach for Screening, Referral, and Enrollment in Food is Medicine Program Among Rural and Urban Adults”
• “Impact of a Community Health Worker Strategy on Produce Prescription Program Uptake Among People with Diabetes”
• “Enhancing Food is Medicine Interventions for Food Insecure Postpartum Women in Central Texas”
• “Loss-Framed Incentives and Choice Architecture Modification to Encourage Health Food Purchasing”

White House Conference on Hunger

The idea for what became the HCXF research initiative was first publicly announced at the September 2022 White House Conference on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health . Subsequently, the Association’s Journal Circulation published “ Food Is Medicine: A Presidential Advisory from the American Heart Association ,” a paper produced by a team headed by Volpp. The paper outlined the logic and blueprint for a national program to develop evidence to inform interventions that could drive nutrition-related sensitivities and solutions deeper into the daily operations of the national health system.

The advisory laid out the concept that initiative members are now implementing: “Food Is Medicine may be defined as the provision of healthy food resources to prevent, manage, or treat specific clinical conditions in coordination with the health care sector. Although the field has promise, relatively few studies have been conducted with designs that provide strong evidence of associations between Food Is Medicine interventions and health outcomes or health costs. Much work needs to be done to create a stronger body of evidence that convincingly demonstrates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different types of Food Is Medicine interventions while prioritizing a human-centered design approach to achieve high rates of patient engagement and sustained behavior change.”

Health System Buy-In

Volpp emphasized that health systems and insurer buy-ins are crucial to the success of the project. “There is growing recognition of the impact of social determinants of health and health behaviors among health systems and health plans,” Volpp said. “Part of the American Heart Association HCXF initiative’s goals will be to design program implementation in such a way so as to minimize incremental effort for the health system in referring patients with nutrition insecurity and chronic conditions, as appropriate, to food is medicine programs. As more and better evidence is developed it will become easier to know to which programs to refer individuals to help them improve their health as cost effectively as possible.”

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Internship 2024 summer- marketing, market research, business analytics, economics...

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Responsibilities

· Documentation and testing of our 3D printing services

· Assessment of Global and Domestic Business Analytics

· Research / Market Research

· Social Media Engagement / Provide support to social media efforts

· Consumer Co-Creation

· Propel Innovation through protocols/prototypes

· Assist in the distribution or delivery of marketing materials

· Assist with fulfillment of marketing offers

· Assist with execution of trade shows

· Assist with the preparation and delivery of training materials

· Perform analysis of marketing and sales data

· Seek and analyze competitor marketing and sales materials both on and offline

· Prepare presentations

Marketing & Analytical Strategy

● Clearly define and document customer’s marketing objectives and business goals.

● Perform a marketing analysis, analyze target audiences and identify key competitors.

● Conduct market research, focus groups, surveys, phone or in-person interviews.

● Develop communication strategies that outline competitive advantages, differentiation, and key messaging.

● Recommend marketing or campaign initiatives and document an implementation plan.

● Work with the SAVVY team to present and deliver recommended marketing tactics.

● Remain educated and current on new marketing trends and technology.

Our internship agreement is fully in the scope of FLSA criteria and we are in compliance with the guidelines outlined pertaining to unpaid internships. We comply with necessary paper work with the school to ensure the student gets class credit against this unpaid internship.

Please send an email to [email protected] with a copy of your resume. We would like to schedule for a Zoom Meeting with you, speak with you . Please respond to [email protected] with a possible date you are available in the next two weeks. Please mention your available time slots for the day(please send at least 2-3 slots). We will respond back with a possible time slot and a Teams Meeting link or a Zoom link. The internship starts on May 20th and goes on till Aug 30th,

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Business Intelligence Analyst

Job Details

The Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) is a leading graduate school of international relations with a proven reputation for producing influential, innovative, and accomplished graduates with careers in government, business, journalism, international organizations, academia, and non-profits. For 75 years plus, students have come to Johns Hopkins SAIS to build their professional networks, learn from renowned faculty, train with policy practitioners, and gain hands-on experience in the field of international affairs. The school delivers cutting-edge graduate programming across its global campus locations in Washington DC; Bologna, Italy; and Nanjing, China. By connecting the theoretical study of economics, international relations, and regional studies to the work of policymakers, students gain the knowledge, skills, and network to succeed in a global era of economic instability, security challenges, poverty, inequality, and vulnerability. To learn more about SAIS, visit www.sais-jhu.edu.

We are seeking a Business Intelligence Analyst who will work within the Data Analytics and Business Intelligence team, which reports up through Finance & Operations. The Analyst will work on tasks and projects related to data integration, mining, analysis, and reporting, partnering across different facets of the School, including but not limited to: Admissions, Finance, Financial Aid, HR, Operations, Academic Affairs, and Student Billing.

Specific Duties & Responsibilities:

• Support strategic data-driven decision-making throughout the school focusing on analytics that improve quality offerings, while optimizing financial returns, and ensuring financial sustainability.
• Extract data from various systems with coding skillset, while structuring the extracted data in useful ways to foster meaningful analysis and decision-making.
• Create graphs, infographics, and other methods to effectively visualize data.
• Design presentations and reports based on findings from data analysis.
• Become expert on school’s IT systems, their integration, and their management.
• Administer data integrity and governance across the school and its departments, helping to create and foster a culture of data sharing & hygiene, while designing and developing rules, processes, and definitions for how data is entered, categorized, stored, and reflected.
• Boost student success and foster institutional intelligence through the use of descriptive, diagnostic, prescriptive, and predictive analytics.
• Serve as a central resource for the school’s various departments’ ad hoc data analysis needs, with emphasized focus in supporting senior leadership.
• Work with senior leadership and department leaders to identify opportunities for improvement in using data to drive more informed and optimized decision-making.

Special Knowledge, Skills & Abilities:

• Excellent data & financial modeling skills, with innate propensity for analytical problem solving.
• Experience with student information systems or university administrative applications a plus.
• Experience with the following products is highly desired but not required: Sungard’s Matrix Student Information System (SIS), Technolutions Slate, College Board’s PowerFAIDS, and SAP. Proficiency in SQL queries and working knowledge of other query tools.
• Demonstrated proficiency in developing reports and models using SSRS, Tableau, Microsoft Power BI, or other similar tools.
• Ability to be resourceful and to work for long periods of time without direction in completing tasks, problem solving, and project management.
• Bachelor’s degree in Data Analytics, Information Systems, Finance, Accounting or related field or equivalent combination of education and/or experience required.
• Four years of relevant experience are required.
• Additional education may substitute for required experience, to the extent permitted by the JHU Equivalency Formula. Additional experience may substitute for education.

* JHU Equivalency Formula: 30 undergraduate degree credits (semester hours) or 18 graduate degree credits may substitute for one year of experience. Additional related experience may substitute for the required education on the same basis. For jobs where equivalency is permitted, up to two years of non-related college course work may be applied towards the total minimum education/experience required for the respective job.

** Applicants who do not meet the posted requirements but are completing their final academic semester/quarter will be considered eligible for employment and may be asked to provide additional information confirming their academic completion date.

• Master’s Degree - Master’s in a related field may substitute for some experience.
• Experience in SQL development, data visualization tools (i.e. Microsoft Power BI, Tableau, etc.), and Business Intelligence tools.
• Experience in Higher Education.

Classified Title: Business Intelligence Analyst Role/Level/Range: ATP/03/PB Starting Salary Range: $45,700 - $80,000 Annually (Commensurate with experience) Employee group: Full Time Schedule: Monday-Friday 8:30am - 5:00pm Exempt Status: Exempt Location: Hybrid/District of Columbia Department name: ​​​​​​​Finance and Administration Personnel area: SAIS

Total Rewards The referenced salary range is based on Johns Hopkins University’s good faith belief at the time of posting. Actual compensation may vary based on factors such as geographic location, work experience, market conditions, education/training and skill level. Johns Hopkins offers a total rewards package that supports our employees' health, life, career and retirement. More information can be found here: https://hr.jhu.edu/benefits-worklife/ .

Please refer to the job description above to see which forms of equivalency are permitted for this position. If permitted, equivalencies will follow these guidelines: JHU Equivalency Formula: 30 undergraduate degree credits (semester hours) or 18 graduate degree credits may substitute for one year of experience. Additional related experience may substitute for required education on the same basis. For jobs where equivalency is permitted, up to two years of non-related college course work may be applied towards the total minimum education/experience required for the respective job.

**Applicants who do not meet the posted requirements but are completing their final academic semester/quarter will be considered eligible for employment and may be asked to provide additional information confirming their academic completion date.

The successful candidate(s) for this position will be subject to a pre-employment background check. Johns Hopkins is committed to hiring individuals with a justice-involved background, consistent with applicable policies and current practice. A prior criminal history does not automatically preclude candidates from employment at Johns Hopkins University. In accordance with applicable law, the university will review, on an individual basis, the date of a candidate's conviction, the nature of the conviction and how the conviction relates to an essential job-related qualification or function.

The Johns Hopkins University values diversity, equity and inclusion and advances these through our key strategic framework, the JHU Roadmap on Diversity and Inclusion.

Equal Opportunity Employer All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability, or status as a protected veteran.

EEO is the Law: https://www.eeoc.gov/sites/default/files/2023-06/22-088_EEOC_KnowYourRights6.12ScreenRdr.pdf

Accommodation Information If you are interested in applying for employment with The Johns Hopkins University and require special assistance or accommodation during any part of the pre-employment process, please contact the Talent Acquisition Office at [email protected] . For TTY users, call via Maryland Relay or dial 711. For more information about workplace accommodations or accessibility at Johns Hopkins University, please visit https://accessibility.jhu.edu/ .

Johns Hopkins has mandated COVID-19 and influenza vaccines, as applicable. The COVID-19 vaccine does not apply to positions located in the State of Florida. Exceptions to the COVID and flu vaccine requirements may be provided to individuals for religious beliefs or medical reasons. Requests for an exception must be submitted to the JHU vaccination registry. For additional information, applicants for SOM positions should visit https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/ and all other JHU applicants should visit https://covidinfo.jhu.edu/health-safety/covid-vaccination-information/ .

The following additional provisions may apply, depending upon campus. Your recruiter will advise accordingly.

The pre-employment physical for positions in clinical areas, laboratories, working with research subjects, or involving community contact requires documentation of immune status against Rubella (German measles), Rubeola (Measles), Mumps, Varicella (chickenpox), Hepatitis B and documentation of having received the Tdap (Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis) vaccination. This may include documentation of having two (2) MMR vaccines; two (2) Varicella vaccines; or antibody status to these diseases from laboratory testing. Blood tests for immunities to these diseases are ordinarily included in the pre-employment physical exam except for those employees who provide results of blood tests or immunization documentation from their own health care providers. Any vaccinations required for these diseases will be given at no cost in our Occupational Health office.

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About the PhD in Health Systems Program

The PhD program is designed to equip students with the technical skills for carrying out cutting-edge health policy and systems research and preparing them to take leadership positions in global health settings.

Through a combination of coursework and research mentoring, graduates will have a robust understanding of diverse methods (both qualitative and quantitative) for health systems research.

This is a  STEM designated program . Eligible F-1 visa students can receive an additional 24 months of work authorization, beyond the initial 12 months of post-completion Optional Practical Training (OPT).

PhD in Health Systems Program Highlights

Through a combination of coursework and research mentoring, graduates will have a firm understanding of the wide array of methods for health systems research.

GLOBAL NETWORK

Field sites around the world

HEALTH EQUITY

Study how to expand access and improve equity in low- and middle-income countries

HEALTH POLICY

Examine institutional capacity, sustainability, and systems governance

STEM DESIGNATED

Eligibility for a 24-month STEM OPT extension

Meet our PhD alumni

Seema parmar, phd '12.

Current employer:  McKinsey & Company

Job title:   Sr Expert & Associate Partner

Job description : Serve a range of payer and provider clients in the US and globally on issues related to payment reform, innovative care delivery models, and social determinants of health

Academic advice to prospective PhD students : Getting through your PhD requires more self-discipline than almost anything else you will do, so make sure your dissertation is linked to what motivates you (e.g., passion, people, skills) and then don’t give up.

Dissertation : An assessment of maternal health service needs of immigrant women living in east Calgary, Canada

What Can You Do With a Graduate Degree In Health Systems?

Health Systems graduates enjoy careers in academia, government and nongovernment sectors, and industry. Alumni hold faculty appointments at leading universities and ministries of health and positions at major global health organizations, including WHO, CDC, and the World Bank, among others. Visit the  Graduate Employment Outcomes Dashboard to learn about Bloomberg School graduates' employment status, sector, and salaries.

Visit the Graduate Employment Outcomes DashboaRD

3MDG Fund Head of Health Systems

Abt Associates, Inc, Principal Associate

Catholic Relief Services Director of Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, & Learning

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer Epidemiologist

Centre for Health Economics, University of York Research Fellow

Chulalongkorn University Faculty, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine

GAVI Alliance Head of Monitoring & Evaluation

The World Bank Director, Global Practice, Health, Nutrition & Population

World Health Organization Executive Director, The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research Manager, The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research

Curriculum for the PhD in Health Systems

Students will develop the professional skills necessary to work effectively in academic, research, programmatic and policy settings around the world.

Browse an overview of the requirements for this PhD program in the JHU  Academic Catalogue , explore all course offerings in the Bloomberg School  Course Directory , and find many more details in the program's  Academic Guides .

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Courses Available in the Following Areas:

• Digital health
• Implementation science
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• Health outcomes and burden of disease 
• Health policy analysis
• Health systems research and systems thinking
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• Refugee and humanitarian health
• Systems science

Admissions Requirements

For general admissions requirements, please visit the  How to Apply  page. This specific program also requires:

Prior Graduate Degree

Master's degree in related field

Prior Work Experience

Not required but highly desirable

Standardized Test Scores

Standardized test scores (GRE) are  optional  for this program. The admissions committee will make no assumptions if a standardized test score is omitted from an application, but will require evidence of quantitative/analytical ability through other application components such as academic transcripts and/or supplemental questions.  Applications will be reviewed holistically based on all application components.

Program Faculty Spotlight

Abdulgafoor M. Bachani

Abdulgafoor M. Bachani, PhD '11, MHS '08, studies how to address burden of and preventing injury and disabilities, and to expand access to rehabilitation services.

Shannon Doocy

Shannon Doocy, PhD ’04, studies the health impact of natural disasters and conflict, including refugees and displaced populations, and how to improve humanitarian responses.

Sara Bennett

Sara Bennett, PhD, MPhil, examines health policy and systems in low- and middle-income countries with a focus on institutional capacity, sustainability, and systems governance.

Krishna Dipankar Rao

Krishna D. Rao, PhD '04, MSc, finds ways to improve access to quality health services and financing of health care in low and middle-income countries.

All full-time PhD students will receive the following support for the first four years of the program either through endowments, grants, or research projects: full tuition, individual health insurance, University Health Services clinic fee, vision insurance, and dental insurance.

Need-Based Relocation Grants Students who  are admitted to PhD programs at JHU  starting in Fall 2023 or beyond can apply to receive a $1500 need-based grant to offset the costs of relocating to be able to attend JHU.   These grants provide funding to a portion of incoming students who, without this money, may otherwise not be able to afford to relocate to JHU for their PhD program. This is not a merit-based grant. Applications will be evaluated solely based on financial need.  View more information about the need-based relocation grants for PhD students .

Questions about the program? We're happy to help.

Elisabeth Simmons, MEd Academic Program Administrator [email protected]

Abdulgafoor Bachani, PhD Associate Professor PhD in Health Systems Concentration Director [email protected] 

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Thinking of Pursuing a PhD in Economics? Info on Graduate School and Beyond

Kasey Chatterji-Len and Anna Kovner

Becoming a PhD economist can provide a fulfilling and financially secure career path. However, getting started in the field can be daunting if you don’t know much about the preparation you’ll need and the available job opportunities. If you’re wondering what it means to be an economics researcher or how to become one, please read on. We’ll review how to prepare for a career in economics research, what an economics PhD program entails, and what types of opportunities it might bring. Economic education is a core component of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s mission to serve the community. To empower would-be economists, this post provides information for students who seek a career in economics research. We hope this information will be helpful to students interested in economics, regardless of their background and economic situation.  This information is most applicable to students applying to programs in the United States.  

The Breadth of Economics Research  

Academic disciplines conduct research in different ways, so it’s important to have a basic understanding of the types of questions economists ask and how they approach answering them. There are many definitions of economics, but a broadly useful one is the study of how people, organizations, and governments make decisions under different constraints, and how those decisions may affect their outcomes. 

When answering these questions, economists seek to ground their analyses in models and to be quantitatively precise about the effects they assign to any given cause. The range of topics economists can study is wide, but the accepted approaches to answering questions are stricter. Some examples of what economists might ask: 

• How do different public housing programs affect the children who live there? 
• Does a certain type of law encourage businesses to innovate? 
• How will a change in the interest rate affect inflation and unemployment rates? 
• How much does affordable health insurance improve people’s health? 
• How can poor countries eradicate poverty? 

There are many different subfields within economics, including, but not limited to behavioral, econometrics, energy/environmental, development, financial, international, monetary, public, and urban economics. You can familiarize yourself with the latest work in economics by subscribing to working paper series, such as NBER’s New This Week or the New York Fed’s Staff Reports . To get an idea of the breadth of questions economists can answer, you could listen to Stephen Dubner’s “ Freakonomics Radio ” podcast. You may also want to explore the Journal of Economic Perspectives , the New York Fed’s Liberty Street Economics blog, VoxDev , or VoxEU .  

What Is a PhD Program Like?    

Economics PhD programs typically last five to seven years. Unlike masters programs, they are often fully funded with a stipend, though most require students to complete teaching assistant and/or research assistant (RA) work as part of their funding package. In the first two years, students take classes, many of which are mathematically demanding. The rest of the program can include additional classes but is primarily devoted to original research with the aim of producing publishable papers that will constitute the dissertation.  

Faculty advisors are a central part of PhD programs, as students look to them for guidance during the research process. Economics PhD programs are offered within university economics departments, but there are similar programs in public policy and business schools. You can look at their websites to understand any differences in coursework and subsequent job placements. 

What Can You Do with an Economics PhD?  

Upon graduation, students can obtain jobs in a variety of industries. Many PhD students hope to become university professors. Governments and public policy-related institutions such as the Federal Reserve System, the U.S. federal government, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) also hire economists to work on policy, lead programs, and conduct research. Finally, economics PhD graduates can also find employment at a variety of private sector companies, including banks, economic consulting firms, and big tech companies. The pay for these different positions can vary. According to the American Economics Association (AEA), the average starting salary for economics assistant professors in 2022-23 was approximately $140,000 at PhD granting institutions and $98,000 at BA granting institutions. 

Programs often publish the placements of their PhD graduates, so you can look online to see specific employment outcomes. See, for example, the University of Maryland’s placements . Ultimately, economists are highly regarded as authorities on a variety of topics. Governments, nonprofits, philanthropic foundations, financial institutions, and non-financial businesses all look to economists to answer important questions about how to best achieve their goals. Thus, earning an economics Ph.D. can potentially help you to influence issues that are important to you. 

Preparing for an Economics PhD Program  

There are several components to an economics PhD program application: college transcripts, GRE scores, letters of recommendation, and personal statements. Please download the Appendix linked below to learn more about transcripts and letters of recommendation. The Appendix details ways in which you can select coursework, obtain research experience, and develop relationships to position yourself for success as a PhD applicant.  

If you feel that you are too far along in your academic career to take enough of the classes described in the Appendix, this does not necessarily preclude you from pursuing an economics PhD. For example, it’s possible to take some of these classes through a master’s program, or through a pre-doctoral RA job. Some pre-doctoral RA jobs, such as the one here at the New York Fed , may enable you to take classes in preparation for graduate school. If you are concerned about your transcript, reach out to an economist at your university for advice; program standards for coursework and grades vary, and it’s a good idea to get more personalized advice. 

Research Experience   

If you’re interested in becoming an economics researcher and applying to PhD programs, it’s best to get research experience as soon as possible. Working as an RA is a great way to learn how to conduct research and get a better idea of whether it’s the right career path for you. Additionally, it can help you obtain a letter of recommendation for graduate school applications and improve your qualifications.  

All types of academic research can be enriching, but it’s beneficial to gain experience working directly with an economist. To find a position, you can reach out to professors whose work you find interesting or find an RA program at your school. Typical RA tasks may involve data collection and cleaning, as well as running analyses and creating charts to represent results. This is where coding skills become crucial; having taken math, statistics, and econometrics courses will also enable you to take on more responsibilities. 

You may also have the opportunity to conduct your own research, possibly under the supervision of a professor at your university. This research could be self-initiated or part of a course such as a thesis workshop. Self-directed research is a great opportunity to learn about all stages of the research process. It’s also an excellent opportunity to create a writing sample for graduate school applications. Ultimately, though, your motivation for conducting your own research project should be that you want to answer a question.  One thing economists have in common is a love of answering questions using data and theory. 

Research experience is also often obtained after completing an undergraduate or master’s degree. Taking on a full-time RA position before applying to PhD programs is very common and can make you a more competitive applicant. You may either get an RA job working for a professor or participate in a pre-doctoral RA program.  

Research assistant programs are more structured than positions with individual professors or projects, which could be helpful. Universities, parts of the government, think tanks, research organizations, and the Federal Reserve System are all good places to look for research assistant programs. To help you decide which opportunities are most desirable, you may want to ask potential employers : Where do people in this program tend to go afterward? Will I be working directly with an economist? How much of my time will be spent on academic research work? Will I be able to take classes as part of this program? Considering whether an economist will be able to evaluate your performance is an important factor for recommendation letters. The ability to take classes, either through tuition reimbursement or waivers, can also be an important benefit. 

The Research Analyst program here at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York is one example of these programs and you should check it out here . The Federal Reserve Board of Governors also has a large program, and many other regional Federal Reserve Banks have similar programs. In addition, the PREDOC website and the  NBER post listings of RA opportunities. J-PAL and IPA also tend to recruit RAs for economic development projects. Another source of RA opportunities is the @econ_ra account on X. 

Who Should Get a PhD in Economics?  

A PhD may not be for everyone, but it is for anyone—people of all genders, religions, ethnicities, races, and national origins have PhDs in economics. Many economists majored in economics, but others majored in math, physics, or chemistry. Because economics is such an integral part of policymaking, it is important that economists come from a wide range of backgrounds so policy can be stronger and more effective. The inclusion of differing perspectives helps ensure that the contribution of economists to work in public policy, academia, and beyond effectively serves the broadest range of society. 

• Coursework Appendix

Kasey Chatterji-Len is a research analyst in the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Research and Statistics Group.

Anna Kovner  is the director of Financial Stability Policy Research in the Bank’s Research and Statistics Group.

How to cite this post: Kasey Chatterji-Len and Anna Kovner, “Thinking of Pursuing a PhD in Economics? Info on Graduate School and Beyond,” Federal Reserve Bank of New York Liberty Street Economics , May 31, 2024, https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2024/05/thinking-of-pursuing-a-phd-in-economics-info-on-graduate-school-and-beyond/.

You may also be interested in: AEA: Resources for Students

PREDOC: Guidance for Undergraduates

RA Positions-Not at the NBER

Disclaimer The views expressed in this post are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or the Federal Reserve System. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the author(s).

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Liberty Street Economics features insight and analysis from New York Fed economists working at the intersection of research and policy. Launched in 2011, the blog takes its name from the Bank’s headquarters at 33 Liberty Street in Manhattan’s Financial District.

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