linking words for essay

Academic writing
Commonly confused words
Critical thinking
PEEL Paragraphs
Linking/transition words
Paraphrasing
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Terms and definitions
Action Words: What is description, application, analysis and evaluation

Linking/transition words: Things you need to know...

All assignments are written in formal language. You need to ensure that you demonstrate your knowledge and understanding alongside your ability to answer the question/solve the problem.

Below are some ideas to help you to develop your structure and flow.

Linking / transition words and phrases join ideas, sentences and paragraphs together. They should be used within sentences and to move from one idea to another (between sentences).

These words and phrases indicate the direction, order and flow of ideas. Significantly, they strengthen the quality and structure of your work.

Redundant Words - less is more. P articularly when trying to reduce the word count, it is important to look for phrases which can be replaced with a single word.

Linking/Transition Words

Transitions link one main idea to another separated by a semi-colon or full-stop. When the transition word is at the beginning of the sentence, it should be followed by a comma:

Among other functions, they can signal cause and effect or sequencing (see examples in the table below).

Linking words: conjunctions

Linking words within a sentence are referred to as coordinating conjunctions. Do not worry about the term: think about the function.

Conciseness / redundant words

Microsoft Word now has an additional feature within the Edito r - it is called conciseness or wordiness.

If you cannot see the Editor menu a quick tip is to hold down the function (fn key at the bottom left of the keyboard) + F7 (top line of keys).
From the Refinements section - select Conciseness - if there are any suggestions a number will appear in the box alongside this option
A dotted line will appear under any groups of groups
Either select the identified text by clicking with your right mouse button OR click on the down down next to the Conciseness menu.
MS Word will display any alternative words which you can either select and they will be replaced in your text or reject if you want to keep the original phrases.

Examples: try to replace phrases with a single words which mean the same.

Need to know more...

Related pages
External links
Academic writing Illustrates the main features of academic writing so that you are aware of what it is and what it involves
Critical Thinking Academic work involves thinking, not just accepting what you read or are told.
Terms and Definitions Important words appear in your assignments and examinations. The aim of this factsheet is to help you to fully understand what they mean.

Additional resources to help you to improve your confidence and grades:-

Writing Effectively demonstrates the importance of: clarity, structure, relevance, argument and precision.
Writing Mechanics gives further examples and resources on areas including: sentence structure, vocabulary, spelling, punctuation and grammar.

Linking/Transition words - Scribbr https://www.scribbr.co.uk/syntax/transition-words-examples/ [Accessed 10 February 2023]

There are many books concerning academic writing, look around Dewey number 808

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75 linking words for academic writing (+examples)

Linking words play an important role in academic writing: They connect different paragraphs, sections or ideas in a text. Therefore, they considerably improve the readability and argumentation of academic texts such as a thesis, dissertation, essay or journal publication. This list of 75 linking words includes examples of how they can be used in academic writing.

Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you make a purchase using the links below at no additional cost to you . I only recommend products or services that I truly believe can benefit my audience. As always, my opinions are my own.

Linking words expressing order and sequence in academic writing

Linking words expressing additions in academic writing, linking words expressing cause and effect in academic writing, linking words expressing contrasts and comparisons in academic writing, linking words expressing emphasis in academic writing, linking words expressing illustrations in academic writing, linking words expressing summaries and conclusions in academic writing, linking words expressing conditionality in academic writing, linking words expressing generalisations in academic writing, linking words expressing concessions in academic writing.

1. First(ly), second(ly), third(ly)

Example: First, I review the existing literature on cross-border collaboration. Second, I explain the methodology …

Example: The thesis starts with a literature review. Next, I describe the case study design.

Example: Finally, recommendations for future research are presented.

4. Subsequently

Example: Study participants underwent several experiments and were subsequently examined.

5. Afterwards

Example: The event increased public awareness of this issue. Afterwards, politicians debated it more openly.

6. Eventually

Example: Eventually, this led to the creation of a social movement.

Example: Before scientists discovered the role of neurons in information processing, they assumed that…

8. Previously

Example: Previously, scholars believed that nurture was the most important factor in a child’s development.

Example: Scholars examine the causes and effects of poverty.

10. Furthermore

Example: Furthermore, the data illustrates the number of chemicals that can be found in drinking water.

11. Additionally

Example: Additionally, the interviewee lamented a lack of attention to his work.

12. As well as

Example: Scholars utilise qualitative as well as quantitative methods to study this phenomenon.

13. Besides

Example: Besides the public outreach component, we wrote a handbook to disseminate the research results in the academic community.

Example: The financial compensation was also appreciated by the study participants.

15. Moreover

Example: Moreover, interviewees were asked to describe their own experiences.

You may also like: How to paraphrase a quote: 4 simple strategies

16. Because

Example: This theory was ultimately rejected because it was built on a flawed dataset.

Example: The outcomes improved since different parties joined forces.

Example: As the number of studies increases, better conclusions can be drawn.

Example: Scientists realised that the data analysis had flaws. So they decided not to run the same data analysis again.

20. Therefore

Example: Many researchers have conducted this experiment with similar results. Therefore, this theory can be debunked.

21. Consequently

Example: The literature highlights the importance of age and physical fitness. Consequently, these factors will be investigated further.

Example: Due to a low response rate, the study’s validity is low.

23. Nevertheless

Example: One academic study found the opposite results. Nevertheless, it can be argued that…

Example: Many scholars have explored this issue. Yet, to date, no inclusive framework exists to explain…

25. Although

Example: Although a confidentiality agreement was provided, study participants were hesitant to disclose private information.

26. In spite of

Example: In spite of the different study contexts, all experiments pointed to similar results.

27. Whereas

Example: People often stated that they are aware of the rules whereas they behaved as if they did not.

Example: While older studies often emphasise structural effects, newer ones tend to highlight the role of agency.

29. In contrast

Example: In contrast to previous findings, my analysis shows that…

30. Similarly

Example: One study found that the majority of residents in disadvantaged areas do not have access to sufficient resources. Similarly, my research revealed that most residents live too far away from the services and resources they would need to climb the social ladder.

31. Equally

Example: E qually important, however, is the role of personal beliefs in decision-making processes.

32. Likewise

Example: The interviewee considered this issue important and expected his colleagues to do likewise.

33. On the other hand

Example: On the one hand, research in this field advanced considerably in the last 20 years. On the other hand, a lot remains unclear.

Example: Unlike social scientists, physical scientists often conduct laboratory examinations.

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35. Particularly

Example: Particularly relevant for this study is the molecular orbital theory.

36. Especially

Example: Especially younger interviewees expressed dissatisfaction with the status quo.

37. Above all

Example: Above all, this method can generate better insights into the physical processes at hand.

Example: Indeed, motivation turned out to be a defining factor of academic success.

38. Clearly

Example: Clearly, these scholars were not aware of recent advances in medical sciences.

39. Definitely

Example: This was definitely the most important event of the year.

40. Importantly

Example: More importantly, the findings underscore the importance of conflict resolution.

41. Undoubtedly

Example: Undoubtedly, all stakeholders had good intentions.

42. Obviously

Example: Obviously it is too early to draw final conclusions.

43. Of course

Example: Of course, this study should be replicated in a different context.

44. Surprisingly

Example: Surprisingly, all results were unambiguous.

45. Such as

Example: Scientists have explored different parts of the problem, such as CO2 emissions and hydrological processes.

46. For example

Example: Many interviewees were nervous. For example, when asked to describe the event, some of them started to stutter.

47. For instance

Example: Scholars have criticised this approach for different reasons. For instance, they argued that qualitative methods are insufficient to draw generalisable conclusions.

48. In this case

Example: Difficulties arise when no study participants can be found. In this case, alternative methods should be considered.

50. To conclude

Example: To conclude, the empirical analysis supports previous research findings.

51. In conclusion

Example: In conclusion, the reviewed literature highlights a clear research gap.

52. To sum up

Example: To sum up, a mixed methods approach is a better choice than a purely quantitative one.

53. In summary

Example: In summary, it is my opinion that conditions should be improved.

54. In short

Example: In short, scholars call for more research on climate change mitigation.

55. Altogether

Example: Altogether, these examples support the main argument.

Example: Energy supply became a growing problem. Thus, new policies were implemented.

Example: The first dataset was incomplete. Hence, a new dataset had to be developed.

Example: Unless stated otherwise, I refer to the concept as…

59. As long as

Example: As long as the conditions do not change, the results should remain stable.

Example: If scientists study this phenomenon in the future, they should pay attention to structural drivers.

61. Provided that

Example: Provided that nothing changes, the effects on society will be negative.

Example: Should the distribution change, it is fair to expect…

63. Even if

Example: Even if more experiments are conducted, human behaviour remains hard to predict.

Example: Often, this issue was flagged by interviewees themselves.

65. Commonly

Example: Commonly, this criterion is used for categorising plants.

66. Overall

Example: Overall the data confirmed the hypothesis.

67. Typically

Example: Typically emotions run high in such situations.

68. Generally

Example: Generally speaking, scholars address this issue from two angles.

Example: Mainly researchers in the global North discuss this phenomenon.

Example: Mostly, these results cannot be replicated outside of the lab.

71. Even if

Example: This is hard to prove. Even if the study sample is large enough.

72. Regardless of

Example: Regardless of their genetic makeup, mice showcased the same symptoms.

Example: Albeit experiencing setbacks, successful students do not get discouraged.

74. Admittedly

Example: Admittedly, the validity of this study should be increased.

75. Nonetheless

Example: Nonetheless, this study can be seen as a valuable contribution to the international literature.

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Linking Words (Transitional Expressions)

Introduction.

Linking words in English, also known as transition words or cohesive devices, are words or phrases that enhance the flow of a sentence or paragraph by indicating the relationship between ideas. In this article, we will cover examples of these transitional words to help write cohesively and coherently.

Let’s start by understanding what we mean by linking words!

What Are Linking Words?

Linking words, also referred to as transition words, connectives, or cohesive devices, play a crucial role in enhancing the structure and coherence of written and spoken English.

These words and phrases serve as bridges between ideas, helping readers or listeners navigate through the text or speech more smoothly. They establish logical relationships between different parts of a sentence, paragraph, or discourse, making the overall communication more organized and comprehensible.

Examples of linking words include words for addition (e.g., in addition, furthermore, etc.), for contrast (e.g., however, but, etc.), for cause and effect (e.g., because, since, etc.), for purpose (e.g., so that, in order to, etc.), and for summarizing (e.g., in summary, in a nutshell, etc.).

Why Are Linking Words Important?

Incorporating linking words within and between sentences and paragraphs enhances the logical flow of your writing. These words serve as valuable signposts, aiding your reader in navigating seamlessly from one idea to the next while elucidating the relationships between sentences or paragraphs.

A text without linking words lacks cohesion , thereby undermining the creation of a coherent overall meaning. Consider the following two texts: the first is equipped with linking words, and the second is without. Observe how the inclusion of linking words significantly contributes to the overall coherence of the text.

Paragraph 1 (With Linking Words):

In the bustling city, the streets were alive with activity. Moreover , the constant hum of traffic and the vibrant colors of city lights created a mesmerizing scene. Despite the urban hustle, a sense of harmony prevailed. Additionally , the aroma of street food wafted through the air, enticing passersby. However , beneath the surface of this dynamic cityscape, challenges lurked. The gap between the affluent and the underprivileged was evident. Nevertheless , efforts were being made to address social inequalities and foster a more inclusive community.

Paragraph 2 (Without Linking Words):

In the bustling city, the streets were alive with activity. The constant hum of traffic and the vibrant colors of city lights created a mesmerizing scene. You could observe an urban hustle. A sense of harmony prevailed. The aroma of street food wafted through the air, enticing passersby. Beneath the surface of this dynamic cityscape, challenges lurked. The gap between the affluent and the underprivileged was evident. Efforts were being made to address social inequalities and foster a more inclusive community.

In Paragraph 1, the use of linking words like “Moreover,” “despite,” “Additionally,” “However,” and “Nevertheless” helps create a smooth and connected narrative, indicating additions, contrasts, and causal relationships between different ideas. The paragraph feels more cohesive and organized.

In contrast, Paragraph 2 lacks these linking words, resulting in a more disjointed and less structured narrative. The relationships between ideas are not explicitly highlighted, making it harder for the reader to discern the connections between different aspects of the city described.

Examples Of Linking Words In English

Like other languages, English has a lot of cohesive devices or linking words that can be used to express and join ideas.

Here are some examples:

1. Expressing addition

To add information, you can use these expressions:

In addition – Additionally – As well (as) – Moreover – What is more – Not only…but also… – Furthermore – Besides – Also – Too – And

If the project fails this will have terrible consequences not only for our department but also for the whole organization
John’s grades are terrible because he has been so lazy these days. In addition to this , his relationship with his parents got worse.
The report is badly written. Moreover , it’s inaccurate.
The report outlines the current challenges faced by the industry. Additionally , it suggests strategies for overcoming these challenges.
She excels in mathematics. Besides , she’s a talented violinist.
I appreciate your kindness. Also , your insights and help were valuable.
I want to visit Marrakech. My friend does too .
She is skilled in graphic design as well as web development.
The company values teamwork. Individual achievements are recognized as well .

2. Expressing contrast

To express contrast, you can use these expressions:

Although – Even though – In spite of – Despite – However – Yet – Nevertheless – Nonetheless – On the contrary – Whereas – On the one hand …but on the other hand… – Conversely – In contrast – But

Brain drain has terrible consequences on developing countries. Nevertheless , nothing has been done to solve the problem or at least reduce its negative effects.
D espite Fred’s old age, he goes jogging every morning.
Although she’s very nice, her classmates hate her.
They have got two children, a boy and a girl. The boy takes after his father whereas the girl takes after the mother.
On the one hand, the new policy promotes environmental sustainability by reducing carbon emissions. But on the other hand, it poses economic challenges for industries reliant on traditional energy sources.
The popular belief is that multitasking enhances productivity. On the contrary, research suggests that it can lead to a decrease in overall efficiency.
While traditional teaching methods prioritize rote memorization, modern education emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Conversely, some argue that a balance between the two approaches is essential for effective learning.

3. Expressing cause and effect

To express cause and effect, you can use these expressions:

Consequently – As a consequence – As a result – Therefore – Because of this – For this reason – Because – Since – As – For – Due to – Owing to

She remained silent, for she was too depressed to talk.
We can’t go to Sue’s party because we’ll be busy working on our project.
The plane was delayed because of the foggy weather.
He had spent most of his time hanging around instead of revising his lessons. Consequently , he had a lot of trouble answering the exam questions.
She missed her flight. Therefore, she had to reschedule her entire travel itinerary.
The experiment yielded significant results; because of this, the researchers are planning further investigations.
The project faced unforeseen challenges. For this reason, the team decided to reassess the initial timeline.
Since the new policy was implemented, there has been a noticeable improvement in employee morale.
The team worked diligently for they were determined to meet the project deadline.
The event was canceled due to the adverse weather conditions.
Owing to the financial constraints, the company had to scale down its expansion plans.

4. Expressing purpose

To express the purpose behind specific actions, the use of linking words that convey intention becomes crucial. Here are some illustrative examples:

In order to – in order not to – So as to – So as not to – to – Not to – So that – In order that

She wakes up early in order to be on time to work.
They visited him so as to offer their condolences for the death of his wife
He helped the new policewoman so as not to fail in her first mission.
She worked overtime so that she could complete the project before the deadline.
The team collaborated closely in order that each member’s expertise could contribute to the project’s success.

5. Illustrating or Exemplifying

To effectively introduce examples and illustrations, incorporating appropriate linking words is essential. Below is a compilation of linking words specifically tailored for exemplifying and illustrating:

For example – For instance – Such as – Namely – To illustrate – In particular

Participating in regular physical exercise offers various advantages. For example , it promotes cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles, and enhances overall well-being.
Learning a new language has numerous benefits. For instance , it enhances cognitive abilities and opens up new cultural perspectives.
Many countries face challenges related to climate change, such as rising sea levels and extreme weather events.
The statistics indicate a significant increase in global temperatures over the past century. To illustrate , the average global temperature has risen by approximately 1.2 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century, with notable consequences such as the melting of polar ice caps and shifts in weather patterns.
The new policy aims to address several issues, in particular , improving access to education and healthcare.

6. Time and Sequencing

At times, incorporating connectors that convey time relationships or sequence events can enhance the clarity of your message. Here are some illustrative examples:

Meanwhile – Subsequently – Afterward – First (ly) – Second (ly) – Third (ly) – Another – Additionally – Finally – Lastly – Ultimately – Subsequently – Eventually – Next – Then

Meanwhile , as the research continued, new data emerged, altering the initial hypothesis.
The team completed the initial phase of the project successfully. Subsequently , they proceeded to the next stage of development.
The conference will address key issues in the morning session. Afterward , participants will engage in workshops to discuss practical solutions.
Firstly , the company focused on restructuring its internal processes. Secondly , it implemented new technology for enhanced efficiency. Lastly , it initiated a training program for employees.
The project involves several stages. Another critical aspect is the detailed analysis of market trends.
The team worked diligently on the proposal. Finally , they submitted it before the deadline.
The initial phase of the project focused on research and development. Subsequently , the team moved on to the testing phase.
The technology company introduced a new product. Eventually , it became a market leader in its category.
The team completed the planning phase. Next , they will start implementing the proposed strategies.
The workshop covered theoretical concepts. Then , participants engaged in hands-on activities to apply the knowledge gained.

7. Re-phrasing

The following linking words aid in presenting alternative expressions or clarifying ideas, promoting a more nuanced and refined communication style:

In other terms – In simpler words – Put differently – To put it another way – In a different light

The concept may be challenging; in other terms , it requires a deeper level of understanding.
The complex theory may be hard to grasp. In simpler words , it suggests that…
The report indicates potential areas for improvement. Put differently , there are opportunities to enhance performance.
The statistics highlight the economic impact. To put it another way , these figures underscore the financial consequences.
The problem can be viewed from various perspectives. In a different light , it may reveal new insights and solutions.

8. Introducing Alternatives

Some linking words are used to introduce alternatives to the preceding information. Here is a selection of such terms:

Or better – Instead of – Alternatively – Rather (than) – Or else – In lieu of – On the flip side – Otherwise

The initial approach proved ineffective. Rather , a more strategic plan is needed for project success.
You can choose the standard shipping option, which takes 5-7 business days, or better, opt for expedited shipping for delivery within 2-3 business days.
The traditional method has its merits. Alternatively , a modern approach could yield quicker results.
You can complete the assignment by Friday, or else request an extension.
Use the digital format in lieu of a printed copy for a more eco-friendly approach.
You can attend the morning session, on the flip side, the afternoon session is also available.
The deadline for the project is approaching. Otherwise , there may be consequences for the entire team.

9. Comparing

The following linking words assist in drawing parallels and highlighting similarities, facilitating a smoother comparison between different ideas or entities.

Similarly – Likewise -In the same way – Just as – Like – Similarly (to) -In comparison – By comparison – Compared to – In a similar fashion – In a similar vein

The new software interface enhances the user experience. Similarly , the updated mobile app provides a more intuitive design.
Effective communication is essential in both personal and professional relationships. Likewise , establishing trust is crucial in both contexts.
The project management team employs agile methodologies. In the same way , the software development team adopts similar practices.
Just as technology evolves rapidly, so does consumer behavior in response to these changes.
The marketing strategy aligns similarly to the tactics employed by successful competitors.
The two models differ in terms of performance. In comparison , the latest version exhibits superior speed and efficiency.
The old system required manual data entry. By comparison , the new system automates this process, reducing the likelihood of errors.
The current financial quarter shows positive growth. Compared to the previous quarter, there is a noticeable improvement.
The design philosophy is consistent across all products. In a similar fashion , each item emphasizes simplicity and functionality.
The team handled the challenge in a similar vein to their approach in previous successful projects.

10. Ananalyzing

The following linking words aid in presenting logical connections and consequences when analyzing information or data.

Accordingly – The result is – Results are – The consequence is – It can be seen – Evidence illustrates that – Because of this – Thus – Hence – For this reason – Owing to – This suggests that – It follows that – In that case – That implies

The team optimized the workflow, accordingly , improving overall efficiency.
The company implemented a new sales strategy. The result is a significant increase in revenue.
The latest marketing campaign targeted a specific demographic. The results are a higher engagement rate among the target audience.
The team invested in employee training programs. It can be seen that this led to a boost in employee morale.
The study analyzed the impact of social media on brand perception. Evidence illustrates that positive online interactions correlate with improved brand reputation.
The survey reveals a shift in consumer preferences. Thus , businesses must tailor their products to meet changing demands.
The new software streamlines communication. Hence , team collaboration has become more efficient.
The analysis of user feedback indicates a need for interface improvements. This suggests that user experience enhancements are necessary.
The study examined consumer habits over time. It follows that purchasing decisions are often influenced by social media trends.
The marketing strategy requires adjustments. In that case , a thorough review of current market trends is necessary.
The experiment yielded unexpected results. That implies further investigation is required to understand the underlying factors.

11. Summarizing

When writing, incorporating transitional devices that succinctly summarize the discussed points is essential. Here are some illustrative examples:

In conclusion – To conclude – To sum up – In a nutshell – In brief – In short – All in all – Everything considered – Overall – To summarize

The research findings highlight the importance of sustainable practices in business. In conclusion , companies must prioritize eco-friendly initiatives for long-term success.
The debate on climate change is complex and multifaceted. To conclude , a comprehensive and collaborative approach is necessary for effective mitigation.
The presentation covered various aspects of the new product launch. To sum up , the key features include enhanced functionality, user-friendly design, and competitive pricing.
The policy aims to streamline bureaucratic processes. In a nutshell , the objective is to improve efficiency and reduce administrative bottlenecks.
The report delves into the economic impact of the global pandemic. In brief , the findings indicate a recession with potential long-term consequences.
The seminar explored advancements in artificial intelligence. In short , the speakers highlighted the transformative potential of AI across industries.
The project faced challenges, but the team persevered. All in all , their dedication resulted in a successful outcome.
The proposed changes in the company’s structure require careful consideration. Everything considered , a phased implementation plan would be most effective.
The discussion covered various perspectives on the future of renewable energy. Overall , it emphasized the need for a sustainable and diverse energy portfolio.
The essay provides a comprehensive analysis of historical events. To summarize , it traces the evolution of societal norms and their impact on cultural shifts.

These linking words aid in presenting a concise and coherent summary of information, reinforcing key points and bringing clarity to the conclusion of a text.

The following table summarizes and organizes the linking words, provides examples, and illustrates their sentence usage.

In conclusion, the integration of linking words is indispensable for crafting cohesive texts that ensure a seamless flow of ideas and sentences. The judicious use of these transitional devices not only enhances the coherence of your writing but also significantly contributes to its overall clarity, facilitating a more effective communication of thoughts and concepts.

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Linking Words & Connector Words: Ultimate List With Examples
Learn English
James Prior
No Comments
Updated February 23, 2024

Linking words and connector words are essential tools for effective communication and writing. They play a crucial role in connecting ideas, enhancing coherence, and guiding the flow of information. Whether you’re writing an essay, giving a presentation, or engaging in a conversation, using appropriate linking words can greatly improve the clarity and effectiveness of your message.

In this ultimate list of linking words, we have compiled a comprehensive collection of linking words along with examples to help you understand their usage and apply them in various contexts. From words that highlight contrast and similarity to those that indicate cause and effect or order of importance, this list covers a wide range of linking words to suit different purposes.

Ready to link your words? Let’s get started!

Table of Contents

What are linking words?

Linking words, also known as connector words or transition words, are words or phrases that connect ideas or parts of a text, providing coherence and smoothness to the overall flow of information. They serve as bridges between sentences, paragraphs, or even larger sections of a document, helping to establish relationships, indicate contrasts, add information, show cause and effect, provide examples, and more.

Here are some common categories of linking words with examples:

Linking words for addition

Addition: Words that show the addition of information or ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you add information, reinforce ideas, or provide further examples in your writing or conversation. Use them appropriately to expand on your points and enhance the overall coherence and richness of your communication.

She is fluent in English, and additionally, she speaks French and Spanish.
The report highlights the benefits of renewable energy; furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of conservation.
The new system not only improves efficiency but moreover, it reduces costs.
In addition to his regular job, he volunteers at a local charity.
She not only excels in academics but also actively participates in extracurricular activities.
The team consists of experienced professionals as well as enthusiastic newcomers.
The company values teamwork; likewise, it fosters individual growth and development.
Besides working full-time, he manages to pursue his hobbies and spend time with famil
The website offers free shipping; what’s more, customers can enjoy a 30-day money-back guarantee.
On top of their regular duties, employees are encouraged to take part in professional development opportunities.
Developing strong interpersonal skills is equally important as acquiring technical knowledge.
The event attracted a large audience, not to mention the media coverage it received.
Along with the new software update, customers will also receive enhanced customer support.
The company achieved its sales targets for the year; what is more, it surpassed them by 20%.
The team completed the project ahead of schedule; besides that, they received positive feedback from the client.
The company’s commitment to quality, coupled with its competitive pricing, sets it apart from its competitors.

Linking words for contrast

Contrast: Words that highlight differences or contrasting ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you express contrasting ideas and show the differences between two or more concepts or situations. Remember to use them appropriately based on the context and your intended meaning.

She studied hard; however, she didn’t pass the exam.
John loves traveling; on the other hand, his sister prefers staying at home.
The weather was terrible; nevertheless, they decided to go for a walk.
He had a sprained ankle; nonetheless, he played in the soccer match.
Despite the rain, they went to the beach.
In spite of the traffic, they arrived on time.
Although it was late, they continued with their work.
Even though she was tired, she went to the gym.
I enjoy reading, while my brother prefers watching movies.
Sarah loves cooking, whereas her husband prefers eating out.
Unlike his friends, Mark is not a fan of horror movies.
She hates winter; conversely, I love it.
She expected him to be upset; on the contrary, he was happy.
They planned to go to the cinema, but instead, they stayed home and watched a movie.
The cat is small and playful, in contrast to the dog, which is big and lazy.
He enjoys sports; conversely, his sister prefers art.
On one hand, the book is interesting; on the other hand, it’s quite lengthy.
They could go by car, or alternatively, they could take the train.
The movie received mixed reviews; nevertheless, it became a box office hit.
She didn’t pass the test, but in any case, she learned a lot from studying.

Linking words for similarity

Similarity: Words that highlight similarities or shared ideas.

These linking words and phrases can help you express similarities between two or more ideas, situations, or individuals. Use them appropriately based on the context to highlight shared characteristics or experiences.

Sarah enjoys reading; likewise, her brother is an avid reader.
John and Emily both love hiking; similarly, they enjoy spending time in nature.
Just as Sarah likes swimming, in the same way, her best friend enjoys diving.
Jack has a passion for photography, similarly to his sister who is also an enthusiast.
Just like her mother, Jane has a talent for playing the piano.
The two artists approach their work in a similar vein, both using vibrant colors and bold brushstrokes.
Mark loves cooking, and by the same token, he also enjoys experimenting with new recipes.
As the workload increased, the stress levels of the employees correspondingly rose.
Both Sarah and Emily are equally skilled in playing the guitar.
The designer creates unique clothing pieces, and in a similar fashion, the jewelry maker crafts one-of-a-kind accessories.
Just as the sun rises in the morning, the moon appears in the evening.
The teacher explains complex concepts in a simple and understandable way, in the same manner as her colleague.
He enjoys hiking and camping, and his friends, likewise, too, share his enthusiasm for outdoor activities.
Just as a bird builds its nest with care and precision, in the same way, an architect plans and constructs a building.
The two books explore themes of love and loss, along similar lines, inviting readers to contemplate the human experience.
As with all great artists, Picasso’s work continues to inspire and influence generations.
Exercise is essential for physical health, and just as importantly, it is crucial for mental well-being.
Much like a puzzle, life consists of various pieces that fit together to form a bigger picture.

Linking words for cause and effect

Cause and Effect: Words that demonstrate cause and effect relationships.

These linking words and phrases can help you express the cause-and-effect relationship between events or actions. Use them appropriately based on the context to convey the reason and result of a particular situation or occurrence.

He failed the exam because he didn’t study.
They arrived early since they left home on time.
As a result of heavy rainfall, the streets were flooded.
The event was canceled due to bad weather conditions.
The store was closed, therefore, they had to find another place to shop.
He missed the train, consequently, he arrived late to the meeting.
Owing to a power outage, the concert was postponed.
She didn’t have enough sleep, thus, she felt tired throughout the day.
He couldn’t attend the party, for this reason, he sent his apologies.
The storm caused damage to the houses, resulting in the need for repairs.
The baby was hungry, so she started crying.
Lack of exercise and poor diet often leads to weight gain.
They missed the train because of heavy traffic.
The roads were icy, this is why there were many accidents.
They spent all their money, as a consequence, they couldn’t afford the trip.
He quit smoking, and since then, he feels healthier.
The company introduced a new product, and in turn, its sales increased.
She studied hard so that she could pass the exam.

Linking words for time and sequence

Time and sequence: Words that indicate time or sequence of events or actions.

These linking words and phrases can help you express the chronological order and sequence of events or actions. Use them appropriately to guide your audience through the progression of ideas or to outline the steps in a process or narrative.

Firstly, let’s discuss the main causes of climate change.
Secondly, we need to consider the potential solutions to the problem.
Next, we will move on to the implementation phase of the project.
We need to complete the research phase first. Then, we can start analyzing the data.
After that, we can proceed with the construction of the building.
The company experienced financial difficulties. Subsequently, they had to lay off several employees.
The team was working on the project. Meanwhile, the marketing department was preparing the promotional materials.
The two processes are happening simultaneously, ensuring efficient production.
The report will be ready in a week. In the meantime, please proceed with the other tasks.
During the meeting, we will discuss the budget and timeline.
While he was studying, his friends were playing video games.
Please wait here until your name is called.
We need to complete the paperwork before the deadline.
She attended the conference, and afterward, she shared her insights with the team.
Finally, we reached an agreement after a long negotiation process.
In the end, they decided to cancel the project due to budget constraints.
The presentation was engaging, and at the same time, informative.
Initially, he struggled with the new software, but with practice, he became proficient.
At first, the project seemed overwhelming, but with proper planning, it became manageable.

Linking words for order of importance

Order of Importance: Words that highlight the hierarchy or ranking of ideas based on their significance.

These linking words and phrases can help you establish the order of importance when presenting ideas or arguments. Use them to emphasize the significance of certain points, highlight key considerations, or guide the reader’s attention to the most critical aspects.

Most importantly, we need to prioritize the safety of our employees.
Above all, we must prioritize the needs of our customers.
The company’s success primarily depends on effective leadership and strategic planning.
First and foremost, we need to address the urgent issue of inflation.
The new policy chiefly focuses on reducing waste and promoting sustainability.
Notably, the project resulted in significant cost savings for the organization.
Above anything else, maintaining a high standard of quality is our top priority.
It is essential to note that effective communication is the foundation of strong relationships.
It is worth mentioning that the company’s ethical practices have earned it a positive reputation.

Linking words for exemplification

Example: Words that provide examples or illustrate a point.

These linking words and phrases can help you introduce examples and provide further clarification or evidence to support your statements. Use them to enhance your explanations and illustrate your points effectively.

Here’s a list of linking words and phrases that are commonly used to illustrate an example, along with examples:

There are many fruits you can choose from, for example, apples, oranges, and bananas.
Many countries have implemented environmental policies; for instance, Sweden has significantly reduced its carbon emissions.
I enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and swimming.
The party was attended by several guests, including friends, family, and colleagues.
He has many hobbies, like painting, playing the guitar, and photography.
The company provides various employee benefits, as an illustration, health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off.
Let me give you an example to illustrate my point.
There are several endangered species in the area, namely the African elephant, the Bengal tiger, and the giant panda.
The city offers various attractions, in particular, museums, parks, and historical landmarks.
The project requires specific skills, specifically programming and data analysis.
By way of example, let’s consider the case of a successful startup that disrupted the market.
To give an example, let’s say you want to improve your fitness; you can try activities like jogging, swimming, or joining a gym.
The experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effects of temperature on plant growth.
As a case in point, many countries have implemented renewable energy initiatives to combat pollution.
I will use a specific scenario to exemplify how the new policy can be implemented effectively.
The job requires strong communication skills , in essence, the ability to express ideas clearly and persuasively.
The city has invested in renewable energy projects to reduce its carbon footprint. One example of this is the installation of solar panels on public buildings.
To be specific, the company offers three main product lines: electronics, appliances, and furniture.
The data collected serves as proof that the new marketing strategy is effective.
In a similar manner, many companies have embraced remote work as a response to the pandemic.

Linking words for focusing

These linking words and phrases can help you direct attention or emphasize a specific aspect of your discussion or argument. Use them appropriately to highlight the main points or focus areas, ensuring clarity and precision in your communication.

Here’s a list of linking words and phrases that are commonly used to express focusing or directing attention, along with examples:

Specifically, we need to address the issue of employee turnover in our department.
The marketing team has made significant progress, particularly in digital advertising.
In particular, we need to improve our customer service to enhance customer satisfaction.
Notably, the company achieved a record-breaking sales figure in the last quarter.
This task requires attention to detail, especially when dealing with sensitive data.
Specifically speaking, the new software update addresses the security vulnerabilities.
Above all, we must prioritize the safety of our employees.
The company’s success mainly relies on customer satisfaction and brand reputation.
The primary goal of our project is to reduce waste and promote sustainability.
Essentially, our focus should be on optimizing operational efficiency.
Individually, each team member plays a crucial role in achieving our objectives.
Precisely, we need to adhere to the project timeline to meet the deadline.
Specifically, with regards to customer feedback, we have received positive reviews.
The new product line has a sleek design, not to mention its advanced features.
It is worth noting that the market trends are shifting towards online shopping.
Above everything else, we need to prioritize the quality of our products.
In essence, our primary objective is to provide exceptional customer service.
To be more precise, we should focus on improving our supply chain management.
In specific terms, the sales team needs to focus on building client relationships.
More importantly, we need to address the concerns raised by our customers.

Linking words for conclusion

Conclusion: Words that summarize or conclude a text.

These linking words and phrases can help you signal the conclusion of your argument, presentation, or essay. Use them to summarize key points, restate your main argument, or provide a final thought or recommendation.

In conclusion, it is evident that deforestation poses a significant threat to our planet.
To sum up, the project was a great success, exceeding all expectations.
Ultimately, the decision lies in your hands.
All in all, it was a memorable vacation filled with adventure and relaxation.
Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for their hard work and dedication.
In summary, the findings of the study suggest a strong correlation between exercise and mental well-being.
To conclude, the evidence supports the hypothesis that regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.
The data collected consistently points to the same conclusion; therefore, we can confidently assert our findings.
In essence, the research demonstrates that social media has a profound impact on interpersonal relationships.
The campaign received widespread support, and as a result, donations increased significantly.
In a nutshell, the project aims to promote sustainability through renewable energy initiatives.
The experiments consistently yielded similar results; thus, we can draw a definitive conclusion.
The evidence strongly suggests a link between smoking and lung cancer; hence, it is crucial to raise awareness about the risks.
In light of these findings, it is necessary to reconsider the current educational policies.
The company faced financial challenges, and consequently, had to downsize its workforce.
In conclusion, it can be stated that effective communication is the key to successful teamwork.
Taking all factors into account, it is clear that globalization has both positive and negative consequences.
The lack of investment resulted in decreased productivity, as a consequence, the company experienced a decline in profits.
The study findings reveal a correlation between stress levels and sleep quality; thus, it can be inferred that managing stress positively affects sleep.
Given these points, it is evident that the project should be prioritized for its long-term benefits.

If you’d like more examples, check out this list of other ways to say in conclusion .

Conclusion: Ready to link your words?

These are just some examples of linking words, and there are numerous other linking words and phrases available for different purposes and contexts. Using them appropriately can greatly enhance the clarity and coherence of your writing or speech. So, if you want to become more fluent in English, it’s time to start thinking about linking words!

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Useful Linking Words and Phrases to Use in Your Essays

By: Author Sophia

Posted on Last updated: October 26, 2023

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Linking words and phrases are used to show relationships between ideas. They can be used to join two or more sentences or clauses.

We can use linking words to give a result , add information , summarize , give illustrations , emphasize a point , sequence information , compare or to contrast idea .

Useful Linking Words and Phrases

In this article, you will learn about the most common linking words and phrases:

Giving a Result

Usage : To provide the result of what has been stated or has occurred

Linking W ords :

As a result
As a consequence
Consequently
For this reason
His wife left him. As a result , he became very depressed.
She has lived in France, and as a consequence she speaks French fluently.
We do not have enough money. T herefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.
We do not own the building. Thus , it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it.
There has been a great deal of rain and consequently the reservoirs are full.
The customer was displeased with her meal, hence the chef prepared a replacement.
For this reason , they are not a good choice for exterior use.
Due to a broken wing, this bird can’t fly.

Adding Information

Usage : To add to what has been previously stated

Linking Words:

Additionally / an additional
Furthermore
As well as that
In addition
In addition to this
Apart from this
Additionally , the bus service will run on Sundays, every two hours.
He said he had not discussed the matter with her. Furthermore , he had not even contacted her.
We are unable to repair this watch. Also , this is the fourth time this has happened.
I love wearing earrings. I design and make them too .
We went to the park today. As well as that , we did some shopping.
Along with parties and parliaments, elections have lost their charm.
I can’t afford to go to the concert. Besides , I don’t really like classical music.
You haven’t paid the rent yet. In addition , you owe me money.
The report is badly presented. Moreover , it contains inaccuracies.
John’s grades are terrible because he has been so lazy these days. In addition to this , his relationship to his parents got worse.
Apart from this paragraph, the report contains a number of sensible initiatives.

Summarizing

Usage : To sump up what has been previously stated

Linking words :

In conclusion
To summarize
To conclude
In conclusion , walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
To summarize , this is a clever approach to a common problem.
The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.
His novels belong to a great but vanished age. They are, in short , old-fashioned.
To sum up , there are three main ways of tackling the problem…
In summary , this was a disappointing performance.
Briefly , our team is now one of the best in the world.
To conclude , I want to wish you all a very happy holiday season.

Giving Examples

Usage : To provide examples

Linking words:

For example/ For instance
In this case
Proof of this
There are many interesting places to visit in the city, for example / for instance , the botanical garden or the art museum.
I prefer to wear casual clothes, such as jeans and a sweatshirt.
Including Christmas Day and Boxing Day, I’ve got a week off work.
We need to concentrate on our target audience, namely women aged between 20 and 30.
I think I would have made a difference in this case .
This building are a living proof of this existence, so we must preserve it.
I also make other jewellery like rings and bracelets.

Emphasizing a Point

Usage : To put forward a point or idea more forcefully

Undoubtedly
Particularly / in particular
Importantly
Without a doubt
It should be noted
Unquestionably
Undoubtedly , the story itself is one of the main attractions.
I don’t mind at all. Indeed , I would be delighted to help.
Obviously , we don’t want to spend too much money.
I love silver earrings, in particular ones from Mexico
The car is quite small, especially if you have children.
Clearly , this will cost a lot more than we realized.
More importantly , can he be trusted?
He’s an absolutely brilliant cook.
I definitely remember sending the letter.
We still believe we can win this series without a doubt .
I’m neve r surprised at what I do.
It should be noted that if you have something to note, then note it
Unquestionably , teaching has been a paramount part of his career.
Above all , this forest is designed for wear and tear.
This is positively the worst thing that I can even imagine.

Sequencing Ideas

Usage : To indicate the order of what is being said

First/ firstly (Second/ secondly, Third/ thirdly, Finally)
At this time
Subsequently
Lastly and most importantly
Last but not least
First and foremost
Firstly , I prefer the train because I can see the landscape.
At this time , the young man leapt into the air and flew off towards sunset.
They arrived on Monday evening and we got there the following day.
I had visited them three days previously .
Your name is before mine on the list.
Subsequently , new guidelines were issued to all employees.
Above all , keep in touch.
Lastly, and most importantly , you should be optimistic.
Last but not least , I find I seriously cannot relate to women.
We will continue to focus on our players first and foremost .

Comparing Ideas

Usage: To show how things are similar

Compare / compare(d) to(with)
By the same token
In the same way
Correspondingly
Similarly , the basketball and hockey games draw nearly full attendance.
Equally , not all customers are honest.
Her second marriage was likewise unhappy.
She’s just as smart as her sister.
Working with housecats is just like working with lions or tigers.
Some people say I have a running style similar to him.
Having a power is not the same as using the power.
He gets the ball off quickly compared to two years ago.
Teenagers should be more respectful; by the same token , parents should be more understanding.
Alex enjoys telling jokes; in the same way/similarly/likewise ,his son adores funny stories.
Correspondingly , the roles each of them played were soon different.

Contrasting Ideas

Usage : To show how things are different

Nevertheless
On the other hand
Nonetheless
Despite / in spite of
In contrast (to)
Alternatively
Differing from
Contrary to
Unlike most systems, this one is very easy to install.
There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless , it is important that we try.
Laptops are convenient; O n the other hand , they can be expensive.
The problems are not serious. Nonetheless , we shall need to tackle them soon.
Despite/ In spite of the rain, I went for a walk.
In contrast to the diligent bee, the butterfly flies hither and yon with no apparent purpose.
The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively , you can organize your own transport.
Northern European countries had a great summer. On the contrary/conversely , Southern Europe had poor weather.
Even so , many old friends were shocked at the announcement.
Differing from his white colleagues, he preferred instructing his scholars to the ambition of acquiring personal renown.
The situation in Ireland is quite contrary to this principle.