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In 2010 the Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence launched the on-line Journal of Terrorism Research. The aim of this Journal is to provide a space for academics and counter-terrorism professionals to publish work focused on the study of terrorism. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the study of terrorism, high-quality submissions from all academic and professional backgrounds are encouraged. Students are also warmly encouraged to submit work for publication.

The Journal of Terrorism Research has been relaunched as Contemporary Voices: St Andrews Journal of International Relations and can now be found at https://cvir.st-andrews.ac.uk/

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

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Sandra walklate and gabe mythen, contradictions of terrorism: security, risk and resilience. london and new york: routledge 2014. , off with their heads: the islamic state and civilian beheadings , al qaida’s persuasive devices in the digital world , confronting islamic jihadist movements , terrorism in indonesia: a review on rehabilitation and deradicalization .

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International Terrorism

Two decades later, the enduring legacy of 9/11.

Twenty years ago, Americans came together – bonded by sadness and patriotism – after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. But a review of public opinion in the two decades since finds that unity was fleeting. It also shows how support for the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq was strong initially but fell over time.

Americans See Spread of Disease as Top International Threat, Along With Terrorism, Nuclear Weapons, Cyberattacks

Most say cooperation with other countries is important in dealing with global threats, especially on the spread of infectious diseases.

Partisans Have Starkly Different Opinions About How the World Views the U.S.

Today, 68% say the U.S. is less respected by other countries than it was in the past.

Globally, People Point to ISIS and Climate Change as Leading Security Threats

People around the world identify ISIS and climate change as leading international threats. Many also name cyberattacks from other countries and the condition of the global economy as major challenges.

Majorities in Europe, North America worried about Islamic extremism

People across Europe and in the U.S. and Canada have pervasive concerns about the threat of Islamic extremism in their countries.

4 factors driving anti-establishment sentiment in Europe

Learn more about a variety of factors driving the anti-establishment sentiments that are spreading throughout much of Europe.

15 Years After 9/11, a Sharp Partisan Divide on Ability of Terrorists to Strike U.S.

As the 15th anniversary of 9/11 approaches, partisan differences over the ability of terrorists to launch a major attack on the United States are now as wide as at any point dating back to 2002.

Europeans back anti-ISIS campaign but have doubts about use of force in fighting terror

After a year of escalating terror attacks against Western targets, people across Europe are widely supportive of U.S.-led military action against the Islamic militant group known as ISIS.

Where Americans and Europeans agree, disagree on foreign policy

The United States and its European allies have maintained a strong transatlantic relationship for more than half a century, even if Americans and Europeans have not always seen eye-to-eye on foreign policy issues.

Key findings on how Europeans see their place in the world

A new Pew Research Center survey of 10 European nations finds a population looking inward.

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Terrorism and international business: A research agenda

• Perspective
• Published: 08 April 2010
• Volume 41 , pages 826–843, ( 2010 )

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• Michael R Czinkota 1 , 2 ,
• Gary Knight 3 ,
• Peter W Liesch 4 &
• John Steen 4  

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Terrorism threatens international business (IB) through its direct and indirect effects. As governments tighten security at public sites, businesses have become more attractive terrorist targets, with important implications for the operations and performance of multinational firms. While terrorism has been substantially studied in other fields, there has been little scholarly research to address terrorism and the distinctive challenges that it poses for IB. In this article we conceptualize terrorism in relation to IB. We provide background on the dimensions and effects of terrorism, and develop a theoretical grounding for terrorism research by drawing on the literature from IB, economics, political science, and other fields. After discussing findings from the literature review, we offer a comprehensive agenda for future research regarding the relationship between terrorism and IB. Our agenda emphasizes the effects of terrorism, organizational preparedness, company strategy and performance, global supply chain and distribution channels, and human resource issues. Our review helps establish a baseline for future empirical research. Consistent with the early stages of research, IB scholars are encouraged to offer useful perspectives and effective solutions that shed needed light on terrorism and help reduce its destructive effects for IB and multinational firms.

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Introduction: Impact of International Business: Challenges and Solutions for Policy and Practice

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Special Editor Mary Ann Von Glinow and three anonymous reviewers for the extensive guidance they provided in the development of this article.

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Michael R Czinkota

The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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Gary Knight

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Accepted by Mary Ann Von Glinow, Consulting Editor, 21 February 2010. This paper has been with the authors for four revisions .

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Czinkota, M., Knight, G., Liesch, P. et al. Terrorism and international business: A research agenda. J Int Bus Stud 41 , 826–843 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2010.12

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Received : 14 October 2008

Revised : 13 February 2010

Accepted : 21 February 2010

Published : 08 April 2010

Issue Date : 01 June 2010

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2010.12

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Terrorism and International Humanitarian Law

RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON INTERNATIONAL LAW AND TERRORISM, B. Saul, ed., Edward Elgar, pp. 208-231, 2014

Sydney Law School Research Paper No. 14/16

17 Pages Posted: 13 Feb 2014 Last revised: 19 Aug 2022

The University of Sydney - Faculty of Law

Date Written: February 11, 2014

This chapter focuses on the threshold issue when international humanitarian law (IHL) applies to violence involving terrorism or terrorist groups, in the context of international or non-international armed conflicts. It discusses the particularly complex problem of ‘transnational’ violence and the geographical and temporal scope of hostilities. It then considers the legal consequences of the classification of conflicts, as regards targeting, detention, substantive criminal liabilities, and criminal trial procedure. Overall the challenge of terrorism has principally impelled a clarification of existing IHL norms but without generating terrorism-specific rules or refashioning IHL’s basic norms. Terrorists can be targeted for direct participation in hostilities; administratively detained where they are dangerous; and prosecuted for war crimes. Human rights law applies alongside the lex specialis of IHL to supplement its rules in certain areas, particularly as regards detention in non-international conflict. There is no need for any special status of ‘terrorist’ in IHL, which would only serve to diminish existing humanitarian protections. The chapter concludes with observations about the impact of international counter-terrorism law on the effectiveness of IHL, including its balance between military necessity and humanitarian protection.

Keywords: terrorism, armed conflict, international humanitarian law, detention, targeting, direct participation in hostilities, war crimes

JEL Classification: K10, K30, K33

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Ben Saul (Contact Author)

The university of sydney - faculty of law ( email ).

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