father's role in the family essay

The Role of a Father in the Family: Today & in the Past

The duties of a dad are changing and involvement is key.

Gabrielle is an experienced freelance writer and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with experience using equine-assisted therapy.

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The role of a father in the family has an incredibly important impact on a child's psychological and physical wellbeing. When a child has a healthy relationship with a father figure, they tend to have improved psychological health, as well as better quality relationships throughout their life. We break down the father role and how it has changed in very recent years.

The Role of a Father in the Family

Father figures can play many roles within the family system . Keep in mind that the term father does not solely apply to biological relationships, nor does it only apply to a husband and wife relationship.

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Same-sex couples, transgender men who are parents, and single fathers provide just as meaningful parent-child relationships as families with a husband and wife. There is no one type of family where a child recieves the healthiest father-child relationship.

Father figures:

• May not be biologically related to the child or children they care for
• May be a step-parent
• May have adopted a child or children
• May not be legally responsible for the children they look after

Regardless of what the family looks like, the most important factor is the quality of the parent-child relationship.

• The Role of a Godfather

What Is the Role of a Father in Families Today?

Unlike years past, many fathers today are equally involved in both the parenting of the children and the upkeep of the household. This not only sets a solid example for the children, but it also improves the spousal relationship.

In fact, a study of married men and women who had just had their first child showed that when a father took the time to contribute to these tasks, there was an overall decrease in aggravation for both partners, even when their baby was fussy. Within the family, fathers can take on multiple roles, which may include:

• Financial contributors
• Supportive partners
• Loving parents
• Stay-at-home parents
• Healthy co-parents , even after a breakup or divorce

Why Having a Father Is Important

A father figure can significantly influence the life and wellbeing of a child. In families where the father figure is present, the father serves as one of the first role models and relationships the child will encounter. Children are extremely sensitive and observant beings and internalize relational experiences.

These early interactions with their father serve as a blueprint for what a relationship looks like and impacts both the father-son relationship and the father-daughter relationship. This means that unhealthy relationships with a father figure can significantly impact not only the child's psychological wellbeing, but their unconscious relational choices when they become adults.

• If a child has a healthy relationship with their father, they tend to have higher levels of self-esteem and confidence, and they develop more stable relationships with other men in their adulthood.
• If a child has an unhealthy relationship with their father, they may experience more psychological distress and struggle with forming healthy relationships with as they become adults.

Keep in mind that it is very difficult to alter the internalized relational blueprint that forms when children are quite young. While it is possible to change this foundation, it often takes high levels of insight, as well as significant psychotherapeutic interventions to shift these deep-rooted, and often unconscious, mental pathways.

The Changing Role of the Modern Day Father

It has only been in the past several decades that the idea of the " involved father " has taken shape. While historically, men's identities were heavily tied to their careers, dads continue to take a more active parenting role in recent years. According to Pew Research Center statistics on American fathers (2016):

• 7% of dads reported being stay-at-home fathers, and of those 7%, 24% cite their primary reason for this choice was to take care of their child or children.
• 49% of men felt pressure to be an involved father.
• 49% of adults reported they felt men face more pressure returning to work after they've welcomed a child into their family.

How the Pandemic Has Changed the Father Role for the Better

When the pandemic hit in 2020, we were all forced to retreat to the safety of our homes while health experts figured out how to handle this medical crisis. During this time of solitude, fathers had the unique opportunity to spend more quality time with their kids while working from home.

Researchers at Harvard University have found that " almost 70% of fathers across race, class, educational attainment, and political affiliation in the United States [felt] closer to their children during the coronavirus pandemic." The studies also found that since the start of the pandemic, more than half of American fathers:

• Appreciate their children more
• Are more aware of their children's feelings
• Engage more with their children in both daily activities and conversations

Interestingly enough, Pew Research has also found that as of October 2020, 46% of fathers feel as if they spend the right amount of time with their kids (only 36% of fathers felt this way in 2017). Additionally, there has been a 15% decrease in the number of fathers who believe they spend too little time with their kids (down from 63% in 2017).

How the Pandemic Changed the Way Fathers View Work

The pandemic also brought more flexible work conditions. While most businesses have gone back to the status quo, many fathers have changed their views of their old roles. The Hamilton Project reports that as of September 2021:

• A quarter of fathers sought to reduce the hours they work
• Only 26% intended to go back to how they worked in pre-pandemic days
• Many wanted to pursue less demanding positions

This restructuring of the way fathers think about their careers and the value they see in achieving a work-life balance is a big step in helping families maintain healthy relationships.

The pandemic changed how many businesses function. New and experienced fathers who want to be more involved in their kid's lives can benefit from this, so take the time to research opportunities that will give you the balance you need to foster a better life for yourself and your family.

Important Responsibilities of a Father

In terms of healthy parenting, the duties of a dad may include:

• Modeling healthy relational behavior with your other caregiver (if applicable), and other adults
• Being kind, nurturing, and spending time to bond with your child without distractions
• Expressing love in healthy ways
• Taking good care of yourself both physically and mentally and modeling appropriate behavior when help is needed
• Being understanding and forgiving
• Not imposing or projecting your notions onto your child
• Giving your child the space to be themselves and allowing them to take the lead in certain situations
• Offering acceptance and compassion
• Teaching and modeling healthy communication skills , as well as appropriate conflict resolution skills
• Setting appropriate boundaries and disciplining appropriately (no violence, no spanking, no yelling, no withholding affection, and no prolonged punishment)

What Is the Role of Father and Mother in a Family?

Keep in mind that a family with a mother and father is not the only type of family where a father figure can be involved in healthy ways; parents today tend to share the responsibility of child rearing.

Parental Roles Vary Based in Individual Families

In terms of specific roles, these will vary greatly depending on each unique family's needs. However, in healthy families, ideally both parents are flexible and are able to take on the same roles, while supporting each other as parents and partners. The roles that parents play today in individual families can look very different from family to family - and that's ok. No one family needs to operate just like another.

What Is the Responsibility of Parents?

Depending on the family unit , mothers and fathers may trade off in terms of responsibilities, or come up with their own balanced way of splitting the tasks of the household. When it comes to parenting, ideally both the mother and father have healthy relationships with their child or children and are equally involved in child rearing.

The Importance of a Father

A father plays a significant role in molding their child and promoting good mental and physical health. Regardless of how the father figure is connected to the child or which name for dad the children call this parent by, the most important aspect of the parent-child relationship is the quality of the connection, and not whether the child and father are blood relatives. Thus, the most important father role is to be present in a positive way.

Fathers Matter: The Importance of a Father

A father’s gifts of quality time, life-giving words, and positive actions have a long-lasting impact on his children.

What’s inside this article

• • The Importance of a Father in Creating Essential Momentum
• • Small Momentums Lead to Larger Momentums

Have you ever wondered, “ Do fathers matter? What differences do I make in my home as a dad?” Let’s begin with the simple answer — the importance of a father is tremendous! You make countless differences in your home and family. However, how much impact you decide to make as a dad is entirely up to you!  

When was the last time you genuinely or playfully smiled at your children? When was the last time you gave your kids affirmation, correction, and reassurance? If you haven’t recently, do it now and see what happens. What did you notice? Did your child light up or smile back? Did your child respond and shift behaviors?

I vividly remember one day when my seven-year-old son and I were driving in the car together. He told me he no longer wanted to become like Michael Jordan — instead, my son said he wanted to become like me! What an honor and a helpful reminder that he is watching and learning from me along the way. 

As a father, how I live my life has a long-lasting impact on my children’s lives. A father has a significant influence within a family’s interactions and experiences. 

The Importance of a Father in Creating Essential Momentum

If you love sports, science, stories, music, or martial arts, you know about the word  momentum . The universe, countries, culture, communities, families, and people are all influenced by momentum.   

As a dad, you bring essential momentum to your home. You bring a specific type of feel, action, and movement to your home in all areas of life. The importance of a father can be seen physically, emotionally, mentally, spiritually, and relationally in a family.

In more than two decades of providing counseling to families, I have gotten a close view into how a father’s actions impact their children’s lives. Although the life-giving power from a dad to his family is incredible and rarely discussed, God intentionally designed a father’s impact.  

Ways God Designed the Importance of a Father

Here are a few ways that God designed dads to have a unique influence on their families: 

• A father’s strength can be powerful
• A dad’s words can be fueling and inspirational
• Hugs from a dad can be deeply comforting
• A dad’s smiles can instill joy and confidence
• Time with a dad can be fun and productive
• A dad’s physicality can be challenging  
• A dad’s guidance can be life-changing and foundational
• A father’s correction can be life-saving and life-giving
• Adventures with a dad can be exciting and memorable

Fathers are Essential Personnel

The key word in the previous list is “can.” A dad  can  bring many amazing things to their family. However, it initially requires realizing that you are essential personnel in your home as a dad.  

You bring essential teaching, guidance, motivation, correction, love, and feedback. You can give these anywhere and with no limit in creative day-to-day ways. Your impact is foundational and long-lasting. 

Researchers have found a variety of benefits stemming from a father’s use of an authoritative parenting style . This parenting style balances sensitivity and warmth with discipline and structure . Within an authoritative parenting style, a father’s children are less likely to have emotional and behavioral issues. His children are also more likely to do well socially, academically, relationally, and developmentally when he balances high levels of both sensitivity and limits.  

Other research also provides insight into the various and unique benefits a dad can bring into their home and children’s lives. The following examples describe studies demonstrating the potential results from a father’s positive effective parenting. 

• A dad’s sensitivity early in a boy’s life leads to fewer behavior issues later in the boy’s life. 
• Unity in parenting between a mom and dad can result in more feelings of intimacy between a husband and wife, especially from a wife toward her husband. As a result, children have fewer emotional and behavioral issues. 
• Sons who have a good relationship with their father tend to handle stress more effectively.
• Playing with fathers, including roughhousing, helps children develop self-control, problem-solving skills, and self-regulation skills.

The 7 Traits of Effective Parenting

The seven traits of effective parenting are a thoroughly researched and practical template to structure the application of an authoritative parenting style in your day-to-day parenting as a dad. Below are a few examples of how the 7 Traits display opportunities for effective parenting as a father. 

• Adaptability  means you handle stress and what is coming at you as a dad in healthy and effective ways. It also means you have the mental flexibility to help your child feel understood and noticed by you.
• Respect  brings you fully present to your family. Through respect, you model looking inward and managing yourself well so you can listen, see, effectively respond to, and love all image bearers of Christ that surround you each day.  
• Intentionality  helps you create goals and focus on what you’re building in your children’s lives. Intentional affection, instruction, conversations, mealtimes, playtimes, and encouraging words can all have life-giving impacts on your family.
• Steadfast love  allows you to love deeply and give your family the strength that stems from a father’s unconditional love.  
• Boundaries  allow you to model and teach healthy ways to engage with opportunities, relationships, and interests.
• Grace and forgiveness  present the ministry of reconciliation that Jesus began through his death and resurrection. A dad can truly make his home debt-free and spiritually strengthened by modeling grace and forgiveness.
• Gratitude  provides a father with a loving and humble perspective that helps him lead his family well. 

Small Momentums Lead to Larger Momentums

Your habits, shared experiences, and little things you do provide the larger momentums within you, your child, and your family.  

Imagine if you could pull back the curtain and peer into your life’s momentum. You might find yourself asking questions such as: 

• Which triggers do I have? 
• What would my family say I love? 
• What emotions do I bring to my relationships with my wife and kids?  

Let’s explore a few of the ways that  momentum  can positively affect your role as a father. 

Spiritually

You can bring foundation and direction through consistent prayer and reading of scripture with your family.  Tell your child why you love God. 

Emotionally

You can bring awareness and resilience by being open to learning about and discussing the critical momentums created by emotions.  Carefully listen to your child and teach him not to be allergic to emotions and feelings . 

You can bring focus, confidence, strength, and pursuit through your words of affirmation.  Teach your child the importance of guarding their thoughts since  thought bubbles  turn into behaviors. 

Relationally

You can bring closeness and  steadfastness  through your gentle love, service, and presence. Gentleness is strength under control.  Teach your child about the importance and foundations of humility. 

You can bring relaxation,  adventure , pursuit, strength, affection, and activity to your family.  Teach your child the benefits of being active and showing loving affection.

The best balance is working hard, playing hard, eating the right fuel for your body, and getting plenty of sleep. Perfection does not gain long-lasting love. Imperfections allow love to be genuine, deep, active, and growing.

© 2021 by Focus on the Family. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. May not copy or download more than 500 consecutive verses of the ESV Bible or more than one half of any book of the ESV Bible.

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About the Author

Danny Huerta, PsyD, MSW, LCSW, LSSW

Dr. Daniel Huerta is Vice President of Parenting and Youth for Focus on the Family, overseeing the ministry’s initiatives that equip moms and dads with biblical principles and counsel for raising healthy, resilient children rooted in a thriving faith.

He is a psychologist, a licensed clinical social worker, and the author of 7 Traits of Effective Parenting . For many years, he has provided families with practical, biblically-based and research-based parenting advice on topics including media discernment, discipline, communication, mental health issues, conflict resolution, and healthy sexuality in the home. He is passionate about coming alongside parents as they raise contributors, instead of consumers, in a culture desperately in need of God’s kingdom.

Dr. Huerta has been interviewed by various media outlets including Fox News, Fatherly , Christianity Today , WORLD Magazine, and CBN, and he is a frequent guest on Christian radio stations across the nation. He’s also written for publications, including The Washington Post , on various topics related to marriage and parenting. He participated in the development of Focus on the Family’s Launch Into the Teen Years , a resource to help parents prepare their kids for adolescence, and he speaks regularly at retreats, conventions, and online events.

Dr. Huerta has maintained a private practice in Colorado Springs, Colorado since 2003 and has served families through Focus on the Family since 2004. He and his wife, Heather, have been married since 1997 and love being parents to their three teen children, Alex, Lexi, and Maci.

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200 word essay on fathers: celebrating the pillars of our lives.

When we think of the word 'father', it conjures up a myriad of images and emotions. Fathers are more than just family members; they are the pillars of our lives, guiding us through challenges and celebrating our successes. In this 200-word essay  on fathers, we delve into the essence of what makes a father truly special and how their influence shapes our lives. Whether it's spending a day together, working on projects, or simply sharing life lessons, the role of a father is irreplaceable. As we explore this topic, remember that every father's journey is unique, and this essay is a tribute to all the fathers out there, in all their diverse forms.

Understanding the Role of a Father in Our Lives

The role of a father extends beyond the traditional norms of providing and protecting. He is a mentor, a role model, and often the first hero in a child's life. Fathers teach us resilience, they show us how to face challenges head-on, and they prepare us for the real world. Their wisdom and guidance are pivotal in shaping our character and values. A father's influence in our decision-making and life choices can be profound, often reflecting in the career paths we choose and the individuals we become.

Reflecting on the Bond with My Father

The bond shared with a father is unique and evolves over time. From the early years of dependency to the later years of friendship, this relationship is a journey of mutual growth and understanding. Fathers often introduce us to various aspects of life, from sports and hobbies to career advice and life skills. These shared experiences not only strengthen our bond but also contribute significantly to our personal development. Remembering the times spent with them, whether it be a simple day out or a significant life event, helps us appreciate the value they add to our lives.

Celebrating Father's Day: A Day Set Aside to Honor Fathers

Father's Day, celebrated on the third Sunday of June every year, is a special day dedicated to honoring fathers and father figures. It's a day to express gratitude and love for the sacrifices they make and the unconditional love they provide. Celebrating Father's Day can be as simple as spending the day together or as elaborate as planning a special event. It's about acknowledging their efforts and letting them know how much they mean to us. This day reinforces the importance of fathers in our society and in our personal lives.

Exploring Careers Influenced by Fathers

Fathers often play a significant role in influencing our career choices. Their professions, interests, and advice can steer us towards certain career paths. For instance, a father working in the engineering field might inspire his child to opt for a career in the same or a related field. Similarly, the values and work ethic observed in fathers can shape our professional attitudes and aspirations. It's fascinating to see how the legacy of a father's career can echo in the professional choices of the next generation.

Writing an Essay on Fathers: Tips and Guidelines

When tasked with writing an essay on fathers, it's important to structure your thoughts coherently. Start by outlining the key points you want to cover, such as the role of a father, personal anecdotes, or the impact of fathers on society. Use a clear and concise language, and ensure that your essay is heartfelt and genuine. Remember to include personal experiences and reflections to make your essay relatable and engaging. An essay on fathers is not just an academic exercise; it's an opportunity to reflect on and appreciate the profound influence fathers have on our lives.

Final Thoughts: The Enduring Impact of Fathers

In conclusion, fathers are more than just family members; they are mentors, guides, and pillars of strength. Their influence permeates every aspect of our lives, from our character development to our career choices. As we celebrate fathers and their countless contributions, let's remember to express our gratitude and love, not just on Father's Day but every day. Fathers shape the future through their impact on their children, and this legacy is one of the most powerful forces in shaping society. Let's cherish and honor the role of fathers in our lives, for they truly are the unsung heroes of our personal stories.

FAQs: Understanding the Essence of Fatherhood

Q1: Why is a father's role considered crucial in a child's life? A1: A father's role is crucial as he is often a child's first role model, teaching resilience, imparting wisdom, and preparing them for life's challenges. Q2: How can we celebrate Father's Day? A2: Father's Day can be celebrated by spending quality time with your father, giving him gifts, or simply expressing your gratitude and love for his presence in your life. Q3: Can a father's profession influence his child's career choice? A3: Yes, a father's profession can significantly influence a child's career choice, either directly inspiring them to follow in their footsteps or indirectly shaping their interests and values.

Dos and Don'ts: Writing an Essay on Fathers

Do: - Include personal anecdotes and experiences. - Reflect on the lessons learned from your father. - Keep the tone respectful and appreciative. Don't: - Avoid generalizations that may not apply to all father-child relationships. - Don't stray from the topic; keep your essay focused on fathers. - Avoid overly complex language; clarity is key.

Download the Careers360 App: Explore Career Paths Inspired by Fathers

For those inspired by their fathers to pursue specific careers, the Careers360 app can be an invaluable resource. It offers insights into various career paths, educational resources, and guidance on making informed career choices. Whether you're considering a career in engineering, data analytics, or any other field, this app can provide the necessary information to help you on your journey. Download the app today and start exploring the possibilities that align with your aspirations and the legacy of your father's influence.

Useful Resources:  https://www.dmovies.org/2023/05/03/from-screen-to-page-the-perfect-essay-writing-films/

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KIN STORIES | RESOURCES

Family: The Role of the Father

The important role of fathers in the family and the community can hardly be overemphasized. Regardless of the fact that many traditional familial norms are being questioned in our day – even uprooted – fathers remain an indisputably essential factor in the formation of a healthy society. In South Africa there is a growing need for exactly that – fathers who fulfill their role. We are fatherless nation.

Countless studies have shown the role that fathers play, firstly in the development of children, but also in the welfare of mothers. Children with fathers who are present are found to achieve better academically. According to Heartlines, “fatherless children are at a dramatically greater risk of drug and alcohol abuse, mental illness, suicide, poor educational performance, teen pregnancy, and criminality”. For Christians the role of the father takes on even more significance. Jesus taught his disciples to address God as “Our Father” and in 1 John 3:3 the apostle writes:

See what kind of love the Father has given to us, that we should be called children of God; and so we are.

KIN Culture aims at creating a community where children experience the role of fathers being actively fulfilled. God has adopted us, people who once were orphaned, and called us sons. Let us do the same.

God is the ultimate father and longs to embrace us as children. We should therefore recognize that a father is a child’s first experience of God. Fathers are one of God’s most overt representatives to in everyday society. They represent a crucial aspect of God’s relation to people – his fatherhood. He longs, like a good father, to give people identity, protection and provision. Our most basic understanding of these concepts is derived from knowing our (or at least an) earthly father. We are much more naturally capable of embracing God as ‘Father’, if we have living examples of fatherhood in our communities.

Statistically South Africa has one of the highest rates of father absence in the world. Only 38% of South African fathers live with their children (Statistics South Africa 2012). Many fathers are in jail or indifferent. For South Africans, it is important to understand that all men are fathers. Even men who do not have children have been found to play important roles in the lives of children.  KIN Culture aims at creating a community where children experience the role of fathers being actively fulfilled.  God has adopted us, people who once were orphaned, and called us sons. Let us do the same.

(Author: Otto Bam)

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The Role of the Father: An Introduction.

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• Child Development

The Importance of Fathers for Child Development

How fathers contribute to children’s well-being..

Posted June 15, 2021 | Reviewed by Chloe Williams

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• Fathers play an important role in a child's development and can affect a child's social competence, performance in school and emotion regulation.
• Fathers can also affect a child's wellbeing indirectly. A supportive relationship between parents is linked to better self-regulation in a child.
• Countries such as Norway and Sweden attempt to engage fathers and mothers equally in caregiving by providing paternal as well as maternal leave.

Historically, mothers have received more research attention than fathers. And mothers have more often been characterized as children’s primary caregivers, whereas fathers have been characterized as playmates. However, in many countries, gender roles have become more equitable over time, and research now suggests that fathers play many important roles in child development .

Direct and Indirect Effects of Fathers on Children’s Well-Being

Fathers are not just helpers for mothers but are important to children in their own right. For example, children with sensitive and supportive fathers have higher levels of social competence and better peer relationships. Children whose fathers provide them with learning materials and speak with them frequently perform better in school and have more advanced language skills. Fathers can serve those roles even when they do not live with the child. For example, regardless of whether they live together, children who have regular positive contact with their father tend to regulate their emotions better than children who have no contact with their father. Nevertheless, if no father is involved, other caregivers can also serve those functions. Family structure is less important than having loving caregivers meeting children’s physical, cognitive, emotional, and social needs.

In addition to these direct effects that fathers have on children, a father can also influence a child’s well-being indirectly through his relationship with the child’s mother. Conflict between parents is detrimental to children’s well-being, especially if conflict is hostile and unresolved. Supportive co- parenting relationships, by contrast, are related to better self-regulation and fewer behavior problems in children. Families function as entire systems, not just as isolated parent-child dyads.

Family Structure

If two parents are involved in a child’s life, these two parents may contribute to children’s well-being in different ways. For example, parenting effects may be additive (more love from more people is better for the child) or buffering (harshness by one parent might be offset by care from the other parent). For other parenting functions, as long as someone is doing it (e.g., keeping track of the child’s whereabouts), both parents don’t necessarily need to do it.

Regardless of family structure, children need to have their physical needs met, have cognitive stimulation, and feel loved and accepted. If a father or mother is not involved in the child’s life, another caregiver can serve these functions, but it is important for all caregivers to have support in their caregiving role. This support can come from the child’s other parent, extended family, friends, or others.

Supportive Social Policies for Fathers

Countries differ in supports for fatherhood. In some countries, mothers are still considered children’s primary caregivers, and only mothers are eligible for parental leave. Other countries attempt to engage fathers and mothers equally in caregiving through social policies providing for paternal as well as maternal leave following the birth or adoption of a child. For example, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden offer paid paternal as well as maternal leave, and paternal leave cannot simply be transferred to the mother.

Whether leave policies can be used by fathers as well as mothers has important implications for gender roles within families and at a societal level. When fathers take parental leave and have time devoted to caring for their children, they are more likely to perceive themselves as active co-parents, and children relate to both parents more equitably.

Fathers and Child Well-Being

Fathers are important to children’s well-being. Sensitive, supportive, involved fathers contribute to children’s physical, cognitive, emotional, and social adjustment. Fathers also influence children’s well-being in conjunction with mothers and other caregivers, making it important to understand father-child relationships as part of entire family systems.

Jennifer E. Lansford, Ph.D., is a Research Professor at Duke University who studies parenting and child development in diverse cultural contexts.

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Home / Essay Samples / Life / Father / The Role of Father in the Family: the Review of Studies

The Role of Father in the Family: the Review of Studies

• Category: Life , Sociology
• Topic: Father , Parent-Child Relationship , Parents

Pages: 6 (2831 words)

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Parental Understanding about the Relationship between Development and Well-Being of the Children

Perception on role differences between parents, perception of father’s involvement in children’s development and well-being, the relationship of father-child in regards of children’s development and well-being, fathers’ involvement in daily child rearing activities for children’s development and well-being, fathers’ mindset which prevent them from being involved in child care, traditional beliefs and cultural influences that prevent the fathers’ from being involved in child care, lack of knowledge prevent the fathers’ from being involved in child care, recommendations.

• Should include fathers in parenting programs traditionally targeting only mothers. Parenting awareness programs and programs of parenting skills should be made more available in such settings or scheduled that can be suited for the convenience for the fathers and should be responded to fathers’ expressed needs and preferences.
• There has been inadequate emphasis on the expansion and assessment of fatherhood programs. This should be fixed by allowing programs with longer duration and there should be a study to assess whether if it has been effective or not.
• There should be more budget allocated to be spent on the research that works on features of fatherhood.
• Program on fatherhood and father-friendly employment etiquettes (e.g. leave of absence policies, lenient working practices) should be introduced in the workplace.
• The policy makers, community leaders and religious leaders need to take step for ensuring father involvement.

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