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Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and WildLife Resources Class 8 Notes CBSE Geography Chapter 2 (Free PDF Download)

• Revision Notes
• Social Science: Geography
• Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Resources

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and WildLife Resources Class 8 Notes Geography Chapter 2 - PDF Download

Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Notes talks about how different natural resources impact our human lives. We are surrounded by various natural resources including land, soil, water etc. All these resources differ in variety from region to region. These resources determine our lifestyles to a large extent. You may be living in a thickly populated area, but there are regions which are sparsely populated or uninhabited.

To learn more about topics such as land, soil, water, natural vegetation, and wildlife resources, students can study Chapter 2 of Geography. The Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 notes will provide deep insights on various natural resources including land, soil, natural vegetation, and wildlife resources. Students should also properly go through NCERT Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 notes for complete preparation for the exams.

Class 8 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 2 – Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources - Brief Summary 

It is a known fact that 90% of the world population inhabits only 30% of the available land area. The remaining 70% of the land is either uninhabited or sparsely populated. Land, soil, and water are the abiotic resources of the earth. They also comprise the most important resources. Biotic resources are composed of natural vegetation and wildlife resources. Both Biotic and abiotic resources are exhaustible in nature. Hence, humans should practise judicious use of these resources to enhance their longevity and sustainability. 

Land is considered the most important natural resource. It covers about 30% of the total area of the earth’s surface. The world population occupied land in an uneven manner. This pattern of inhabiting land is due to various factors, such as land and climate, water fertility of the soil, etc. Sparsely populated or uninhabited areas resist more population because of the rugged topsoil present there. This chapter also discusses in-depth the various uses of land, conservation of land resources, soil, soil formation, factors affecting soil formation, degradation and conservation of soil, water, the problem of water availability and conservation of water, natural vegetation and wildlife, its distribution and conservation.

Key Topics and Subtopics in Chapter 2 Class 8 Social Science Geography  Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources

The following are the major topics and subtopics of Chapter 2 that students will cover while studying the Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources.

1. Land Use

2. Conservation of land resource

1. Factors of soil formation

2. Degradation of soil

3. Conservation of soil

1. Water availability problems

2. Conservation of water resources

Natural Vegetation

1. Its distribution

2. Its conservation

1. Conservation of wildlife

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Access Class 8 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 2 – Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

The land is one of our greatest natural resources. It covers only about thirty percent of the total surface of the earth and not all parts of that small percentage are habitable. Rugged topography, steep mountain slopes, lowlands sensitive to logging, desert areas, and densely wooded areas are usually sparsely populated or uninhabited.

Uses of Land

The land is used for a variety of purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, home building, roads, and industry creation. This is commonly termed Land use. Land use is related to physical factors such as topography, soil, climate, minerals, and water availability. Human factors such as population and technology are equally important determinants of the land-use model.

Types of Land

Land may also be classified according to its ownership: private land and communal land. Private land is owned by individuals, while community land is owned by the community for common purposes such as gathering forage, fruit, nuts, or medicinal herbs. This communal land is also called common resources.

Conservation of Land Resource

Population growth and their ever-increasing demand have led to large-scale destruction of forest cover and arable land and created a fear of the loss of this natural resource. Consequently, the current rate of land degradation has to be verified. Afforestation, land rehabilitation, the regulated use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers, and the control of overgrazing are some of the methods commonly used to conserve land resources.

The thin layer of granular substance covering the earth's surface is known as soil. It has close ties to the land. The landscape determines the type of soil. The soil consists of organic matter, minerals, and altered rocks found on the ground. It occurs by the process of alteration. The appropriate combination of minerals and organic matter makes the soil fertile.

Landslides are simply defined as the massive displacement of rock, debris, or ground along a slope. They often occur in the context of earthquakes, floods, and volcanoes. Prolonged rainfall can cause heavy landslides which can block the flow of the river for a period of time. The formation of stream blocks can cause damage to colonies downstream of its rupture. On hilly terrain, landslides have been a major and widespread natural catastrophe that often affects life and property and occupies a position of major concern.

Mitigation Mechanism of Landslide Control

The advancement of science has enabled us to understand the factors that cause landslides and how to manage them. Here are a few general landslide mitigation techniques:

Hazard mapping to identify areas prone to landslides. Consequently, such areas can be avoided to construct colonies.

Build a retaining wall to prevent the earth from slipping.

Increased vegetation cover to prevent landslides.

Surface drainage control is used to control the motion of landslides, as well as rainwater and spring flows.

Factors of Soil Formation

The most important factors in soil formation are the nature of the original rock and climatic factors. Other factors include topography, the role of organic matter, and the length of time of soil composition.

Climatic Factors: Temperature and rainfall influence the rate of impairment and the formation of humus.

Relief: Altitude and gradient determine ground accumulation. 

Parent Rock Nature: Determines colour, texture, mineral chemistry, strength, and permeability.

Time-taken for Soil Formation: Determines the width of the soil profile.

Flora, Fauna, and Micro-Organism: Affects the rate of humus development.

Degradation of Soil and Conservation Measures

Soil erosion and depletion are the most important threats to soils as a resource. Soil degradation can result from human and natural factors. The factors leading to land degradation include the following:

Deforestation

Overuse of chemical fertilisers or pesticides

Landslides and floods

Overgrazing

Methods to Conserve Soil

Mulching : The bare soil between plants is covered by a layer of organic material like straw. It helps to hold moisture from the ground.

Contour Barriers: Stones, grass, and soil are used to construct fences along the contours. Trenches are dug in front of the barriers for water collection.

Rock Dam: The rocks are stacked in order to slow down the water flow which prevents gullies and ground loss.

Terrace Farming: Wide flat treads or terraces are made on steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available for growing crops. These minimise surface runoff and soil erosion.

Intercropping: Different crops are grown in alternating rows and are planted at different times to protect the soil against rain.

Contour Ploughing: Plow parallel to the contours of a hillside slope to form a natural barrier allowing water to descend the slope.

Shelter Belts: In coastal, dry areas, rows of trees are planted to control wind movement to protect the vegetation cover.

Water is a natural, renewable resource of life. Three times the world's surface is covered in water. It is therefore rightly referred to as the "planet of water". It is in the early oceans that life began about 3.5 billion years ago. The oceans still cover two-thirds of the Earth's land surface and are home to a rich variety of plants and animals. But ocean water is salty and unfit for human consumption. Freshwater is just about 2.7%. Nearly 70% of these glaciers occur in Antarctica, Greenland, and mountain regions. Because of where they are located, they are inaccessible. Only one percent of fresh water is available and suitable for human use. It exists as groundwater, surface water in rivers and lakes, and water vapour in the atmosphere.

Problems of Water Availability

In many places around the world, water is scarce. Most of Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of the western U.S.A., northwest Mexico, parts of South America, and Australia as a whole are facing freshwater shortages. Countries in the most drought-sensitive climate zones face significant water scarcity problems. For example, water scarcity can be a consequence of variations in seasonal or annual precipitation, or scarcity is caused by overfishing and contamination of water sources.

Conservation of Water Resources

In order to access clean and adequate water supplies, measures have been taken to preserve this resource:

This means that the precious water resource can be preserved by using these irrigation methods.

In dry areas where evaporation rates are high, drip-to-drip watering is very helpful.

The sprinklers efficiently irrigate the area by checking for water losses via infiltration and evaporation.

The channels used to irrigate the field should be correctly doubled to minimise water infiltration losses.

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Natural vegetation and fauna exist only in the narrow contact zone between the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, and the atmosphere known as the biosphere. Within the biosphere, living things are interdependent and interdependent for survival. This vital system is known under the name of the ecosystem. The fauna consists of animals, birds, insects, and aquatic organisms. They feed on insects and also break down. The vulture because of its capacity to feed on dead cattle is a scavenger and considered a vital environmental cleaner. So animals, large or small, are all part and parcel of maintaining balance within the ecosystem.

Distribution of Natural Vegetation

Vegetation growth is primarily influenced by temperature and moisture. The world's most important vegetation types are grouped into forests, grasslands, brush, and tundra. In areas of heavy rainfall - Large trees grow - forests are therefore associated with plentiful water supply areas. As moisture levels decrease, tree size and density decrease. In drylands - Spiny shrubs and brush grow in areas of low precipitation.

Conservation of Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

The woods are our treasure. Plants support animals and, together, protect the ecosystem. Climate change and human interference can result in lost natural habitats for plants and animals. Many species have become vulnerable or threatened with extinction, and some are in the process of becoming so. Deforestation, soil erosion, construction activities, wildfires, tsunamis, and landslides are part of the human and natural factors that accelerate the process of extinction of these resources. 

Many countries have passed laws against the trade as well as the killing of birds and animals. In India, killing lions, tigers, deers, great Indian bustards, and peacocks is illegal. There is a CITES international convention that lists several species of animals and birds that are banned from trade. The conservation of plants and animals is a citizen's ethical obligation.

Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Notes

Ncert class 8 geography chapter 2 notes.

NCERT Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Notes talks about the presence of different types of resources in our environment. The notes offer a detailed understanding of these resources and how they are useful for the human breed. Also, there is a major difference in the quality and quantity of these resources present in different corners of the world. Here are different resources, as mentioned in the chapter.

(Image to be added soon)

The land is the solid part of the earth’s surface. It is a vital natural resource. Although not every part of the land is habitable, it covers around 30% of the surface of the Earth. Usually, the densely populated areas are plains and river valleys.

Conservation of Land Resources

To practice sustainability, conservation of land resources is very essential. Some of the practices which are commonly adopted for conservation are:

Afforestation

Land reclamation

Avoid the activities which lead to soil erosion like overgrazing and the use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers.

All the land area which covers the earth is topped by a thin layer of a grainy substance known as soil. Every land doesn’t have the same kind of soil. It depends on different landforms. Soil comprises organic minerals and weathered rocks and is found on earth through the process of weathering.

Landslide is a dangerous type of natural calamity that often takes place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods, or heavy rainfalls. There occurs a mass movement of rock, debris, or earth down a big slope.

There are Some Techniques for the Mitigation of Landslides, Some of Them are:

Mapping the areas which are prone to landslides. 

Avoid any construction or building settlements in such areas.

Increase dense vegetation cover to arrest landslides.

Soil Formation

There are various factors that play a vital role in soil formation. Some of them are as follows:

Nature of parent rock

Regional Climate

Role of organic matter

The overall time is taken for the composition of soil formation

Conservation of Soil

In the past few years, there has been observed massive deforestation for construction and development. The soil becomes exposed directly to the sudden changes in climate and degrades eventually. Depletion of soil is also known as Soil Erosion.

Water is the most abundant natural resource on our planet as it comprises three-fourths of the earth’s surface. Most of this water is not useful due to its saline nature. For human consumption, only freshwater can be taken into use. Although freshwater accounts for 2.7% of the total water on the Earth, more than 70% of this freshwater is in the form of glaciers and ice sheets. Natural vegetation and wildlife Class 8 notes explain that this leaves only 1% usable.

Following are some measures that can be taken to conserve water:

Afforestation will help in reducing surface runoff and subsequent water harvesting.

Drip irrigation and sprinklers should be used for irrigation.

Natural Vegetation and wildlife comprise the biosphere and subsequent biodiversity. In the biosphere, all living organisms are interdependent. This system is called the ecosystem. Natural vegetation and wildlife Class 8 explains that wildlife includes animals, birds, and insects. The birds feed on insects, thereby acting as decomposers. The vulture feeds on the dead and decayed animals and therefore acts as a scavenger helping to clean the environment.

Natural vegetation, on the other hand, depends on the temperature and moisture. Forests, grasslands, scrubs and tundras, and various forms of vegetation.

Benefits of Chapter 2 Class 8 Social Science Geography  Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources

The revision notes have been prepared as per the latest CBSE syllabus and term examinations. They provide a concise and crisp discussion of the entire chapter that will facilitate faster revision.

These notes come with important questions that have been prepared by our Geography subject experts who have framed every point and answer keeping in mind the needs of the students to score well in exams.

Students can simply go through the notes before an exam instead of revising the whole chapter. This will enable them to finish the syllabus in time without compromising their knowledge or ability to score well in the exam.

Vedantu’s revision notes for Class 8 Geography will come in handy when students sit to revise their chapters in a shorter period of time. The revision notes ensure faster and more effective revision. By going through the notes, students will be able to not only study the entire chapter but also practise questions that are likely to appear in the exam. Download the free PDF now!

FAQs on Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and WildLife Resources Class 8 Notes CBSE Geography Chapter 2 (Free PDF Download)

1. What are different methods for soil conversation?

Some of the methods for soil conservation are:

Mulching: It refers to covering the bare ground which gets directly exposed to weather conditions with a layer of organic matter like straw. 

Contour Barrier: These are contour strips which are made to slow down water movement. 

Rock Dam: A pile of rocks is made to stand in the way of water to slow down its flow. 

Terrace Farming: Wide strips or terraces are made on steep slopes to grow crops and support vegetation. 

Intercropping: To prevent the soil from rain wash, different crops are grown in alternate rows at different times of the year.

Contour Ploughing: this farming practice involves planting and ploughing at the elevation contour lines of the slope.

Shelterbelts: It refers to planting belts or rows of plants or trees to prevent soil cover from high winds.

2. What are the different uses of land?

There are various purposes of which land is used, including agriculture, forestry, constructions etc. The land use pattern is highly dependent on two factors, which are:

Physical Factors: These factors encompass topography, climate, minerals and availability of water. These are the key determinant factors when it comes to land use.

Human Factors: Factors like populations density and technological development determine to a large extent the land use pattern.

Apart from this, land can be broadly classified into private land, community land and based on ownership.

3. What do you know about different types of natural resources such as land, soil, water,  natural vegetation and wildlife resources?

Land, soil Water, natural vegetation, and wildlife are all-natural resources. We need land for building houses and industries. We use soil for growing crops. Land could be used for growing crops and for constructing buildings. Natural vegetation includes shrubs, herbs, and trees. Wildlife includes all the animals found on the earth. Animals such as cows, goats, and sheep are useful for human beings because a man gets various products from these animals.

4. What is conservation of natural vegetation Class 8?

Conservation of natural vegetation includes protecting and preventing trees and plants for future use. Trees are very useful for living beings. Living beings cannot live without trees. Trees and plants give us oxygen. They not only give us oxygen but also give us other useful products such as timber for making furniture. We also get medicines, fruits, paper, and rubber from plants. Thus, the conservation of natural vegetation is important for the next generation.

5. What are the two types of land Class 8?

Land is an important resource that is used for agriculture and constructing buildings. About 30% of the Earth's surface is covered by land. But, the entire land available on the earth is not habitable. The land has different characteristics and climates. Some areas are sparsely populated due to rugged topography, steep slopes, and low-lying areas. Areas that are highly populated include plains, availability of water, and fertile soil for agriculture.

6. What is land and what is the concept of land use Class 8?

Land is a natural resource and it is used for different purposes. Fertile land is used for agriculture and growing crops. Infertile land is not suitable for agriculture and therefore areas having infertile land and scarcity of water are sparsely populated. Fertile land with easy availability of water and other natural resources is thickly populated. People inhabit the areas where plain land is available because it is easy to plan land for building houses and industries. A land with rugged topography is not suitable for living. 

7. What is land degradation and how does it occur?

Land degradation means the quality of land decreases due to different activities. Land degradation may occur due to several reasons. The main causes of land degradation include deforestation or excessive cutting of the trees, absence of rain also makes the land infertile for agriculture, harsh climatic conditions, the poor utility of land, overgrazing by animals, etc. In the past years, land degradation has occurred rapidly and this has affected the environment.

STUDY MATERIALS FOR CLASS 8

Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources Extra Questions

Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources Extra Questions and Answers are provided here. These Extra Questions with solution are prepared by our team of expert teachers who are teaching in CBSE schools for years. Extra questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 will help you to properly understand a particular concept of the chapter.

Resources Class 8 Geography Extra Questions and Answers

Very short answer type question.

1. What are non-renewable resources?

Answer: Non-renewable resources are those which have a limited stock.

2. What is a patent?

Answer: Patent means the exclusive right over any idea or invention.

3. What do you mean by stock of resource?

Answer: Stock of resource is the amount of resources available for use.

4. What is utility?

Answer: If a substance can be used in any way, it is said to have a utility.

5. How are resources classified based on their origin?

Answer: Based on the origin, resources can be classified as abiotic or biotic.

6. What makes a substance a resource? Or How does something become a resource?

Answer: Utility or usability is what makes an object or substance a resource.

7. Why is air a ubiquitous resource?

Answer: Air is a ubiquitous resource because air we breathe is found everywhere.

8. What are renewable resources?

Answer: Renewable resources are those which get renewed or replenished quickly.

9. How are resources classified according to their distribution?

Answer: On the basis of their distribution resources can be ubiquitous or localised.

10. How are resources classified broadly?

Answer: Resources are generally classified into natural, human made and human.

11. What is resource conservation?

Answer: Using resources carefully and giving them time to get renewed is called resource conservation.

12. What is technology?

Answer: Technology is the application of latest knowledge and skill in doing or making things.

13. Name some natural resources.

Answer: The air we breathe, the water in our rivers and lakes, the soils, minerals are all natural resources.

14. What are natural resources?

Answer: Resources that are drawn from nature and used without much modification are called natural resources.

15. What is sustainable development?

Answer: Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called sustainable development.

Short Type Answer Questions

1. What is a Human Resource?

Answer: Human Resource refers to the number (quantity) and abilities (mental and physical) of the people.

2. How natural resources are classified?

Answer: Natural resources are classified into different groups depending upon their level of development and use; origin; stock and distribution.

3. How are resources classified according to their development and use?

Answer:  On the basis of their development and use resources can be classified into two groups, actual resources and potential resources.

4. What is human resource development?

Answer:  Improving the quality of people’s skills so that they are able to create more resources is known as human resource development.

5. What are the physical factors that affect the distribution of natural resources?

Answer:  The distribution of natural resources depends upon number of physical factors like terrain, climate and altitude.

6. Why are human resources important?

Answer: Human resources are important because people can make the best use of nature to create more resources by applying knowledge, skill and the technology.

7. Why are people considered as a resource?

Answer: People are considered a resource because people can make the best use of nature to create more resources when they have the knowledge, skill and the technology to do so.

8. Why are resources distributed unequally over the earth?

Answer: The distribution of natural resources depends upon number of physical factors like terrain, climate and altitude. The distribution of resources is unequal because these factors differ so much over the earth.

9. How potential resource can be actual resource?

Answer:  High speed winds were a potential resource two hundred years ago. Today they are an actual resource and wind farms generate energy using windmills like in Netherlands, some in Nagercoil in Tamil Nadu and on the Gujarat coast.

10. Mention how stock of certain renewable resources may get affected by overuse. Or Why certain renewable resources need to be used judiciously?

Answer:  Careless use of certain renewable resources like water, soil and forest can affect their stock. Water seems to be an unlimited renewable resource. But shortage and drying up of natural water sources is a major problem in many parts of the world today.

Long Type Answer Questions

1. Differentiate between abiotic and biotic resources. Answer:

2. Differentiate between ubiquitous and localised resources.

3. Mention our duty to maintain and preserve the life support system that nature provides us.

Answer:  The future of our planet and its people is linked with our ability to maintain and preserve the life support system that nature provides. Therefore, it is our duty to ensure that.

• all uses of renewable resources are sustainable
• the diversity of life on the earth is conserved
• the damage to natural environmental system is minimised.

4. What is the significance of time and technology in making a substance a resource?

Answer: Time and technology are two important factors that can change substances into resources. Each discovery or invention leads to many others. The discovery of fire led to the practice of cooking and other processes while the invention of the wheel ultimately resulted in development of newer modes of transport. The technology to create hydroelectricity has turned energy in fast flowing water into an important resource.

5. Write the basic principles of sustainable development.

Answer:  Some Principles of Sustainable Development

• Respect and care for all forms of life.
• Improve the quality of human life.
• Conserve the earth’s vitality and diversity.
• Minimise the depletion of natural resources.
• Change personal attitude and practices toward the environment.
• Enable communities to care for their own environment.

6. Differentiate between natural resources and human made resources.

7. Differentiate between potential and actual resources.

Resources Extra Questions Chapter 1 Class 8 Geography

Chapter 1 Resources Class 8 Geography Extra Questions provided here is very useful in increasing concentration among students and increasing marks. Extra Questions for Class 8 will help you in understanding the concepts of the chapter properly.

Chapter 1 Resources Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):

Chapter 1 resources short answer questions (saqs):, chapter 1 resources long answer questions (laqs):, contact form.

CBSE Library

Class 8 Essay Topics List for Students & Children | 8th Std English Essays

Writing essays is one of the arts & teaches everyone to communicate with others professional with their own thoughts & ideas. Students of standard 8 should show some interest in writing essays and improve their writing skills. To aid in your practice sessions, we have compiled a variety of  essay writing topics for class 8  in a simple language for students to read and understand their own. Subject Specific Class 8 Essay Topics will help kids to improve their creativity and broaden their mindset and intellect.

List of Class 8 Essay Writing Topics for Kids & Children in English

Students who are looking for Class 8 Essay Topics & Ideas can stop your search right away and refer to this section. Here, we have curated the most & frequently asked  Essay Writing Topics for Class 8 Students  to understand and learn who to write down the imaginary views on the particular topic in just less time. Writing skills & vocabulary skills are the two eyes to complete an essay in an attractive way to engage the audience. So, check out the prevailing Short & Long Essays for 8th Std and add your creative writing ideas in essays.

• Essay on School’s Surroundings and Examinations
• Essay on Festivals
• Essay on Persons We Come Across
• Essay on About Myself
• Essay on Relationships
• Essay on Visits
• Essay on Scenes, Sights, and Journeys
• Essay on Health and Fitness
• Essay on Personalities/People
• Essay on Events
• Essay on Monuments
• Essay on Vacation/Holidays
• Nature Essay
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• Global Warming
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• Essay Topics Based on Proverbs
• Essay on Moral Values
• Education Essay
• Essay on India
• Essay on Science & Technology
• Essay on Social Issues & Social Awareness
• Argumentative Essay Topics

FAQs on Essay for Class 8 Students

1. How to become perfect at writing essays?

First and foremost, you should be strong at obtaining a solid understanding of grammar, punctuation. Utilize Vocabulary in a correct way and write down attractive Intro lines then go for topic-related body thesis and conclusion which aid your thoughts.

2. From where can I attain Class 8 Essay Topics in English?

You can attain different categories of grade 8 Essay Topics & ideas in English from the AplusTopper provided Class 8 Essay Topics page.

3. Is there any online web portal that offers the free 8th Grade Essays Writing Topics?

Yes, Aplustopper.com is a reliable and genuine online portal that offers the 8th Class Subject Specific Essay Writing Topics free of cost. These free resources will surely improve your writing skills.

Final Words

Hoping that the details and list of Class 8 Essay Topics shared above benefit you while writing essays at competitions. So, make use of these several ideas on  Essay Writing Topics for Class 8  & improve your analytical, writing, vocabulary skills. Want to give any suggestions or need to ask some other essay topics for Grade 8 students? Shoot your comments below and get the answers at the earliest. Meanwhile, visit Aplustopper.com & find different Classes and Topics of English Essays.

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Essay on Conservation of Natural Resources for Students and Children

500+ words essay on conservation of natural resources.

Natural resources are something that is occurring naturally on Earth. It forms an indispensable part of our lives. It comprises of air, water, sunlight, coal , petroleum, natural gas, fossil fuels, oil, etc. However, they are exploited by humans for economic gain. Natural resources are at depletion because of the overuse. Some of these resources are available in abundance with the capability to renew. On the other hand, some are non-renewable . Thus, it demands a responsible behavior for the conservation so as to ensure their sustainability.

Why Conserve Natural Resources?

Human beings depend upon the natural resources for their development activities. If the resources are not used wisely, it would create an imbalance in the environment. Thus would head us in opposition to an eco-friendly atmosphere. The need for conservation arises from the significance of natural resources. It is as follows-

• Water is a renewable natural resource . We use it for drinking, producing electricity, irrigation, in various industries and for a number of activities. Its scarcity would cause loss of vegetation, adverse effect on flora and fauna, erosion of soil, etc.
• Plants and animals provide a wide range of industrial and biological materials. Also, it assists in the manufacturing of medicine and for various other uses.
• It takes millions of years for the formation of natural resources.
• Fossil fuels are of great importance. A lot of energy is produced from coal, oil and natural gas all of which are fossil fuels.
• Forest is the most important natural resource which helps in economic development . Forest provides paper, furniture, timber, medicine, gum, etc. Also, it maintains a balance in the ecosystem. Moreover, it prevents soil erosion and protects wildlife.
• Land resources support natural vegetation, wildlife, transport. The land also provides us food, cloth, shelter, and other basic needs.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Ways to Conserve Natural Resources

Different ministries of the Government, national and international agencies have been working for the purpose of conserving the natural resources .

• Environment education must be imparted by including the same in the curricula of the schools.
• National Parks are making an effort for the safety of the natural resources.
• By reducing, reusing and recycling of non-renewable resources.
• Non-human species must be disturbed only to meet the basic needs.
• Planting of more and more trees to save our forest resources.
• Seeking alternatives to non-renewable resources.
• By increased use of bio-gas and bio-fuels.
• By preventing the dumping of industrial wastes into the river bodies. This is a measure to protect the rich marine life.
• Overgrazing must be prevented. Also, poaching of animals must be controlled.
• Practicing crop rotation techniques helps in maintaining the fertility of the soil.
• Burning of fossil fuels emits carbon-di-oxide which is a major greenhouse gas. It is responsible for the greenhouse effect. Thus, the burning of fossil fuels must be controlled.

These are some of the measures which we can undertake for the conservation of natural resources. As Human- beings, we have a social responsibility to fulfill towards nature. Thus, while using resources, we shall follow the principle of sustainable development.

Natural resources are a present for the creation. These help in satisfying the human needs to its fullest. Furthermore, the rational use of natural resources maintains the earth’s atmosphere. Also, the wise use leads to protection of bio-diversity. Humans cannot imagine their lives without natural resources. Thus, the conservation of the same is essential.

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NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Geography Social Science Chapter 1 Resources

Ncert solutions class 8 geography resources and development chapter 1 – resources.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 – Resources are provided here for students to study and score good marks in the exams. Anything that can be used to satisfy a need, from the water we drink to the electricity we use in our house and the rickshaw we use to get home from school, are all considered resources. All these objects are used by people, so they have utility. Utility or usability is what makes an object or substance a resource. We have compiled the NCERT Solutions  to the exercises, which will be useful for school exams, as they are sourced from the NCERT textbooks .

These solutions are easy and accurate and will align students’ preparation with the questions asked in the examinations. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 – Resources contain solutions to the exercises given in the Geography book – Resources and Development.  Students can refer to these NCERT Solutions and can achieve their desired goals.

• Chapter 2 Land Soil Water Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
• Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources
• Chapter 4 Agriculture
• Chapter 5 Industries
• Chapter 6 Human Resources

Students can download the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography PDF below.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 – Resources

1. Answer the following questions.

(i) Why are resources distributed unequally over the earth?

Answer: Earth has different topography, climate and altitude at different places. The difference in these factors has resulted in unequal distribution of resources on the earth. Also, all these factors are different from place to place on the planet. Moreover, the level of development and technological levels determine the distribution.

(ii) What is resource conservation?

Answer: Saving resources for future generations is called conservation. It is the protection and ethical use of valuable resources such as minerals, water, trees, wildlife and others. Resource conservation focuses on maintaining the natural world in order to protect the sources of resources.

(iii) Why are human resources important?

Answer: Humans as a resource are important because they have the ability to extract value from all other resources. They can make the best use of nature to create more resources, as they have the knowledge, skill and technology to do so. Education and health help in making humans a valuable resource.

(iv) What is sustainable development?

Answer: Balancing the need to use resources and also conserving them for the future is called sustainable development. The future of our planet and its people is linked with our ability to maintain and preserve the life support system that nature provides. Sustainable development is when all renewable resources are used sustainably, the diversity of life on the earth is conserved, and the damage to the natural environmental system is minimised and saved for future generations.

2. Tick the correct Answer

(i) Which one of the following does NOT make the substance a resource?

Answer: 3 Quantity

(ii) Which one of the following is a human-made resource?

• Medicines to treat cancer
• Spring water
• Tropical forest

Answer: 1 Medicine to treat cancer

(iii) Complete the following statement:

Biotic resources are …………..

• Derived from living things
• Made by human beings
• Derived from non-living things

Answer: 1 Derived from living things

Chapter 1 – Resources Summary

Chapter 1 of Resources and Development deals with various types of resources available for existence on the earth.

Students will learn about human-made and natural resources and the current status of these resources.

The students will also get to know about the following topics:

• Types of resources
• The need for the conservation of resources
• Human-made resources

Resources and Development is an important book for the Class 8 Social Science subject. Apart from this chapter, the full set of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science is provided in the links. Students can refer to and easily download the solutions available in PDF format for free.

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1

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Essay Writing: A complete guide for students and teachers

P LANNING, PARAGRAPHING AND POLISHING: FINE-TUNING THE PERFECT ESSAY

Essay writing is an essential skill for every student. Whether writing a particular academic essay (such as persuasive, narrative, descriptive, or expository) or a timed exam essay, the key to getting good at writing is to write. Creating opportunities for our students to engage in extended writing activities will go a long way to helping them improve their skills as scribes.

But, putting the hours in alone will not be enough to attain the highest levels in essay writing. Practice must be meaningful. Once students have a broad overview of how to structure the various types of essays, they are ready to narrow in on the minor details that will enable them to fine-tune their work as a lean vehicle of their thoughts and ideas.

In this article, we will drill down to some aspects that will assist students in taking their essay writing skills up a notch. Many ideas and activities can be integrated into broader lesson plans based on essay writing. Often, though, they will work effectively in isolation – just as athletes isolate physical movements to drill that are relevant to their sport. When these movements become second nature, they can be repeated naturally in the context of the game or in our case, the writing of the essay.

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Planning an essay

The Boys Scouts’ motto is famously ‘Be Prepared’. It’s a solid motto that can be applied to most aspects of life; essay writing is no different. Given the purpose of an essay is generally to present a logical and reasoned argument, investing time in organising arguments, ideas, and structure would seem to be time well spent.

Given that essays can take a wide range of forms and that we all have our own individual approaches to writing, it stands to reason that there will be no single best approach to the planning stage of essay writing. That said, there are several helpful hints and techniques we can share with our students to help them wrestle their ideas into a writable form. Let’s take a look at a few of the best of these:

BREAK THE QUESTION DOWN: UNDERSTAND YOUR ESSAY TOPIC.

Whether students are tackling an assignment that you have set for them in class or responding to an essay prompt in an exam situation, they should get into the habit of analyzing the nature of the task. To do this, they should unravel the question’s meaning or prompt. Students can practice this in class by responding to various essay titles, questions, and prompts, thereby gaining valuable experience breaking these down.

Have students work in groups to underline and dissect the keywords and phrases and discuss what exactly is being asked of them in the task. Are they being asked to discuss, describe, persuade, or explain? Understanding the exact nature of the task is crucial before going any further in the planning process, never mind the writing process .

BRAINSTORM AND MIND MAP WHAT YOU KNOW:

Once students have understood what the essay task asks them, they should consider what they know about the topic and, often, how they feel about it. When teaching essay writing, we so often emphasize that it is about expressing our opinions on things, but for our younger students what they think about something isn’t always obvious, even to themselves.

Brainstorming and mind-mapping what they know about a topic offers them an opportunity to uncover not just what they already know about a topic, but also gives them a chance to reveal to themselves what they think about the topic. This will help guide them in structuring their research and, later, the essay they will write . When writing an essay in an exam context, this may be the only ‘research’ the student can undertake before the writing, so practicing this will be even more important.

RESEARCH YOUR ESSAY

The previous step above should reveal to students the general direction their research will take. With the ubiquitousness of the internet, gone are the days of students relying on a single well-thumbed encyclopaedia from the school library as their sole authoritative source in their essay. If anything, the real problem for our students today is narrowing down their sources to a manageable number. Students should use the information from the previous step to help here. At this stage, it is important that they:

●      Ensure the research material is directly relevant to the essay task

●      Record in detail the sources of the information that they will use in their essay

●      Engage with the material personally by asking questions and challenging their own biases

●      Identify the key points that will be made in their essay

●      Group ideas, counterarguments, and opinions together

●      Identify the overarching argument they will make in their own essay.

Once these stages have been completed the student is ready to organise their points into a logical order.

WRITING YOUR ESSAY

There are a number of ways for students to organize their points in preparation for writing. They can use graphic organizers , post-it notes, or any number of available writing apps. The important thing for them to consider here is that their points should follow a logical progression. This progression of their argument will be expressed in the form of body paragraphs that will inform the structure of their finished essay.

The number of paragraphs contained in an essay will depend on a number of factors such as word limits, time limits, the complexity of the question etc. Regardless of the essay’s length, students should ensure their essay follows the Rule of Three in that every essay they write contains an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Generally speaking, essay paragraphs will focus on one main idea that is usually expressed in a topic sentence that is followed by a series of supporting sentences that bolster that main idea. The first and final sentences are of the most significance here with the first sentence of a paragraph making the point to the reader and the final sentence of the paragraph making the overall relevance to the essay’s argument crystal clear. 

Though students will most likely be familiar with the broad generic structure of essays, it is worth investing time to ensure they have a clear conception of how each part of the essay works, that is, of the exact nature of the task it performs. Let’s review:

Common Essay Structure

Introduction: Provides the reader with context for the essay. It states the broad argument that the essay will make and informs the reader of the writer’s general perspective and approach to the question.

Body Paragraphs: These are the ‘meat’ of the essay and lay out the argument stated in the introduction point by point with supporting evidence.

Conclusion: Usually, the conclusion will restate the central argument while summarising the essay’s main supporting reasons before linking everything back to the original question.

ESSAY WRITING PARAGRAPH WRITING TIPS

●      Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea

●      Paragraphs should follow a logical sequence; students should group similar ideas together to avoid incoherence

●      Paragraphs should be denoted consistently; students should choose either to indent or skip a line

●      Transition words and phrases such as alternatively , consequently , in contrast should be used to give flow and provide a bridge between paragraphs.

HOW TO EDIT AN ESSAY

Students shouldn’t expect their essays to emerge from the writing process perfectly formed. Except in exam situations and the like, thorough editing is an essential aspect in the writing process. 

Often, students struggle with this aspect of the process the most. After spending hours of effort on planning, research, and writing the first draft, students can be reluctant to go back over the same terrain they have so recently travelled. It is important at this point to give them some helpful guidelines to help them to know what to look out for. The following tips will provide just such help: 

One Piece at a Time: There is a lot to look out for in the editing process and often students overlook aspects as they try to juggle too many balls during the process. One effective strategy to combat this is for students to perform a number of rounds of editing with each focusing on a different aspect. For example, the first round could focus on content, the second round on looking out for word repetition (use a thesaurus to help here), with the third attending to spelling and grammar.

Sum It Up: When reviewing the paragraphs they have written, a good starting point is for students to read each paragraph and attempt to sum up its main point in a single line. If this is not possible, their readers will most likely have difficulty following their train of thought too and the paragraph needs to be overhauled.

Let It Breathe: When possible, encourage students to allow some time for their essay to ‘breathe’ before returning to it for editing purposes. This may require some skilful time management on the part of the student, for example, a student rush-writing the night before the deadline does not lend itself to effective editing. Fresh eyes are one of the sharpest tools in the writer’s toolbox.

Read It Aloud: This time-tested editing method is a great way for students to identify mistakes and typos in their work. We tend to read things more slowly when reading aloud giving us the time to spot errors. Also, when we read silently our minds can often fill in the gaps or gloss over the mistakes that will become apparent when we read out loud.

Phone a Friend: Peer editing is another great way to identify errors that our brains may miss when reading our own work. Encourage students to partner up for a little ‘you scratch my back, I scratch yours’.

Use Tech Tools: We need to ensure our students have the mental tools to edit their own work and for this they will need a good grasp of English grammar and punctuation. However, there are also a wealth of tech tools such as spellcheck and grammar checks that can offer a great once-over option to catch anything students may have missed in earlier editing rounds.

Putting the Jewels on Display: While some struggle to edit, others struggle to let go. There comes a point when it is time for students to release their work to the reader. They must learn to relinquish control after the creation is complete. This will be much easier to achieve if the student feels that they have done everything in their control to ensure their essay is representative of the best of their abilities and if they have followed the advice here, they should be confident they have done so.

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• Social Sciences /

NCERT Class 8 Geography: Chapter 5 Human Resources Class (Free PDF)

• Updated on  
• Nov 3, 2023

Human resources is the 5 th chapter in the social science NCERT book. It describes the components of human resources, their importance and other important concepts related to this important resource. In this blog, we will learn about the Human Resources Class 8 Chapter and the important notes related to it.

Download Social Science Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Important Questions and Answers PDF

Important Notes in NCERT Class 8 Chapter 5

People are a nation’s greatest resource. It is people with their demands and abilities that turn nature’s bounty into ‘resources’. Hence healthy, educated and motivated people develop resources as per their requirements. Human resources like other resources are not equally distributed over the world and differ in their educational levels, age and sex. Their numbers and characteristics also keep changing. The Government of India has a Ministry of Human Resource Development which was created in 1985 with an aim to improve people’s skills. This just proves how important people are as a resource for the country.

📌Also Read: 

NCERT Class 7 Geography: Chapter 1 Environment (Free PDF)

NCERT Class 7 Geography: Chapter 2 Inside Our Earth (Free PDF)

NCERT Class 7 Geography: Chapter 3 Our Changing Earth (Free PDF)

Distribution of Population

The way in which people are spread across the earth’s surface is known as the pattern of population distribution . More than 90% of the world’s population lives in about 30% of the land surface. The distribution of population in the world is extremely uneven since some areas are very crowded and some are sparsely populated. The crowded areas are south and southEast Asia, Europe and north eastern North America. Almost three-quarters of the world’s people live in two continents: Asia and Africa. 60 % of the world’s people stay in just 10 countries and all of them have more than a 100 million people.

Density of Population – Population density is the number of people living in a unit area of the earth’s surface. It is normally expressed as per square km. The average density of population in the whole world is 51 persons per square km. South Central Asia has the highest density of population followed by East and SouthEast Asia.

Factors Affecting Distribution of Population

Here are the major factors that affect distribution of population: 

Geographical Factors

Topography – People always prefer to live on plains rather than mountains and plateaus because these areas are suitable for farming, manufacturing and service activities. The Ganga plains are the most densely populated areas of the world while mountains like Andes, Alps and Himalayas are sparsely populated.

Climate – People usually avoid extreme climates that are very hot or very cold like Sahara desert, polar regions of Russia, Canada and Antarctica.

Soil – Fertile soils provide suitable land for agriculture. Fertile plains such as Ganga and Brahmaputra in India, Hwang-He, Chang Jiang in China and the Nile in Egypt are densely populated.

Water – People prefer to live in the areas where freshwater is easily available. The river valleys of the world are densely populated while deserts have a spare population.

Minerals – Areas with mineral deposits are more populated. Diamond mines of South Africa and discovery of oil in the Middle East lead to settling of people in these areas.

Social, Cultural and Economic Factors

Social – Areas of better housing, education and health facilities are more densely populated for example Pune.

Cultural – Places with religion or cultural significance attract people. Varanasi, Jerusalem and Vatican City are some examples.

Economic – Industrial areas provide employment opportunities hence a large number of people are attracted to these areas. Osaka in Japan and Mumbai in India are two densely populated areas.

Population Change

In Human Resources Class 8, the population change refers to change in the number of people during a specific time. The world population has not been stable. For an extremely long period of human history until the 1800s the world’s population grew steadily but slowly. Large numbers of babies were born but they died early too because there were no proper health facilities. Farmers were not able to produce enough to meet the food requirements of all the people. As a result the total increase in population was very low.

• In 1804 the world’s population reached one billion .
• In 1959 the world’s population reached 3 billion and this is often called population explosion.
• In 1999 40 years later the population doubled to 6 billion . The main reason for this growth was that with better food supplies and medicine, deaths were reducing while the number of births still remained fairly high.

Birth rate – Births are usually measured using the birth rate which is the number of live births per 1,000 people.

Death rate – Deaths are usually measured using the death rate which is the number of deaths per 1,000 people.

Natural growth rate – Births and deaths are the natural causes of population change and the difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural growth rate. The population increase in the world is mainly due to rapid increase in natural growth rate.

Migration – It is the movement of people in and out of an area. It is another way by which population size changes. People may move within a country or between countries. Emigrants are people who leave a country. Immigrants are those who arrive in a country. Countries like the USA and Australia have gained in-numbers by in-migration or immigration. Sudan is an example of a country that has experienced a loss in population numbers due to out-migration or emigration. The general trend of international migrations is from the less developed nations to the more developed nations in search of better employment opportunities. Within countries, a large number of people may move from the rural to urban areas in search of employment, education and health facilities etc.

Patterns of Population Change

Rates of population growth vary across the world. Although the world’s total population is rising rapidly not all countries are experiencing this growth. Some countries like Kenya have high population growth rates. With improving health care death rates have fallen but birth rates still remain high leading to high growth rates. In other countries like the United Kingdom population growth is slowing because of both low death and low birth rates.

Population Composition

Population has little to do with its level of economic development. For example both Bangladesh and Japan are very densely populated but Japan is far more economically developed than Bangladesh. People vary greatly in their age, sex, literacy level, health condition, occupation and income level. It is essential to understand these characteristics of the people to understand them as resources.

Population composition refers to the structure of the population. The composition of the population helps us to know how many males or females there are, which age group they belong to, how educated they are and what type of occupations they are employed in, what their income levels and health conditions are.

Population pyramid – It is a way of studying the population composition of a country is by looking at the population pyramid also called an age-sex pyramid. A population pyramid shows

• The total population is divided into various age groups, for example 5 to 9 years, 10 to 14 years.
• The percentage of the total population subdivided into males and females in each of those groups.

 The shape of the population pyramid tells the story of the people living in that particular country. The numbers of children (below 15 years) are shown at the bottom and reflect the level of births. The size of the top shows the numbers of aged people (above 65 years) and reflects the number of deaths.

The population pyramid also tells us how many dependents there are in a country. There are two groups of dependents — young dependents (aged below 15 years) and elderly dependents (aged over 65 years). Those of the working age are economically active.

Types of Population Pyramids

Some examples of types of pyramids are given below –

Kenya – The population pyramid of a country in which birth and death rates both are high is broad at the base and rapidly narrows towards the top because although many children are born a large percentage of them die in their infancy, relatively few become adults and there are very few old people. This situation is typified by the pyramid shown for Kenya.

India – In countries where death rates (especially amongst the very young) are decreasing the pyramid is broad in the younger age groups because more infants survive to adulthood. This can be seen in the pyramid for India. Such populations contain a relatively large number of young people and which means a strong and expanding labor force.

Japan – In countries like Japan low birth rates make the pyramid narrow at the base and decreased death rates allow numbers of people to reach old age. Skilled, spirited and hopeful young people endowed with a positive outlook are the future of any nation.

We in India are fortunate to have such a resource. They must be educated and provided with skills and opportunities to become able and productive.

Important Questions and Answers in NCERT Class 8 Chapter 5

1. Answer the following questions.

(i) Why are people considered a resource?

Ans: People are the greatest resource of a nation. All other resources of nature become significant only when people extract their usefulness. It is people with their demands and abilities that turn them into resources. Hence, human resources is the ultimate resource.

(ii) What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?

Ans: Population distribution in the world is uneven because of two factors, Geographical and Social.

Geographical factors include

• Topography: People prefer living on plains rather than mountains and plateaus because these areas are suitable for farming, manufacturing and service activities. The Ganga Plains are the most densely populated area in the world, while mountains like the Andes, Alps and Himalayas are sparsely populated.
• Water: People prefer living in areas where fresh water is easily available. The river valleys of the world are the densely populated regions, while deserts have a smaller population.

Social factors include

• Social: Areas of better housing, education and health facilities are more densely populated. (For example, Pune)
• Economic: Industrial areas provide employment opportunities. A large number of people are attracted to these areas. Osaka in Japan and Mumbai in India are two densely populated areas.

(iii) The world population has grown very rapidly. Why?

Ans: The world population has not been stable and has increased manifold due to advancements in science and technology. Science and technology have increased food production, and development in healthcare facilities has helped in reducing the death rate.

(iv) Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change.

Ans: Two factors influencing the change in population are the birth rate and death rate. The birth rate is the number of births per 1,000 people, and the death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people. Birth and death are the natural causes of population change. When the birth rate is more than the death rate, it means that the population is increasing and vice-versa. The difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural growth rate.

(v) What is meant by population composition?

Ans: Population composition refers to the structure of the population. The composition of the population helps us know how many are males or females, which age group they belong to, how educated they are, what type of occupations they are employed in and what their income levels and health conditions are. An interesting way of studying the population composition of a country is by looking at the population pyramid, also called an age-sex pyramid.

(vi) What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding the population of a country?

Ans: The graphical representation used to study the composition of a country’s population is called the population pyramid. It shows the total population divided into various age groups, the percentage of the total population subdivided into males and females and the number of dependents in a country. When the population of a country has high birth and death rates, the population pyramid is broad at the base and narrow towards the top.

2. Tick the correct answer.

(i) What does the term ‘population distribution’ refer to?

• How the population in a specified area changes over time.
• The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a specified area.
• The way in which people are spread across a given area. Correct

(ii) Which are the three main factors that cause population change?

(a) Births, deaths and marriage

(b) Births, deaths and migration Correct

(c) Births, deaths and life expectancy

(iii) In 1999, the world population reached

(a) 1 billion

(b) 3 billion

(c) 6 billion Correct

(iv) What is a population pyramid?

(a) A graphical presentation of the age-sex composition of a population. Correct

(b) When the population density of an area is so high that people live in tall buildings.

(c) Pattern of population distribution in large urban areas.

3. Complete the sentences below using some of the following words.

(sparsely, favourable, fallow, artificial, fertile, natural, extreme, densely) When people are attracted to an area, it becomes densely populated. Factors that influence this include a favourable climate, good supplies of natural resources and fertile land .

Check out Class 6 Geography Notes:

People, the size of the population of a country along with its efficiency, educational qualities, productivity, organizational abilities and farsightedness are the greatest resources of the nation and are called human resources. All other resources of nature become significant only when people are able to extract its usefulness. It is people with their demands and abilities that turn them into resources.

The Government of India has a Ministry of Human Resource Development was created in 1985 with an aim to improve people’s skills. This just proves how important people are as a resource for the country.

Population pyramid is a way of studying the population composition of a country and it is also called an age-sex pyramid. It is explained in detail above.

Emigration is known as the movement of people from one country to another.

We hope these Human Resources Class 8 notes helped you understand the chapter better and will also help you get better marks in exams. For help with other chapters and subjects like English , Maths , Science and others for class 8 please check out the blogs by Leverage Edu . If you are planning to study abroad, book your Free Consultant Call Today!

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MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources with Answers

We have compiled the NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources with Answers Pdf free download covering the entire syllabus. Practice MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography with Answers on a daily basis and score well in exams. Refer to the Resources Class 8 MCQs Questions with Answers here along with a detailed explanation.

Resources Class 8 MCQs Questions with Answers

Question 1. Coal is an example of (a) renewable resources (b) non-renewable resources (c) human resources (d) potential resources

Answer: (b) non-renewable resources

Question 2. Resources are distributed unequally over the earth because of (a) the different natural conditions (b) level of development (c) technological levels (d) all of these

Answer: (a) the different natural conditions

Question 3. Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called (a) Sustainable development (b) Resource conservation (c) Resource development (d) Human resource development

Answer: (a) Sustainable development

Question 4. On the basis of origin, Natural resources can be classified as____________ and ________. (a) Biotic and Abiotic resources (b) Renewable and Non Renewable (c) Actual and Potential resources (d) Ubiquitous and Localised resource

Answer: (a) Biotic and Abiotic resources

Question 5. On the basis of their use and development, Natural resources can be classified as ________ and ________. (a) Biotic and Abiotic resources (b) Actual and Potential resources (c) Renewable and Non Renewable (d) Ubiquitous and Localised resources

Answer: (b) Actual and Potential resources

Question 6. High speed winds, solar energy, bio waste etc were all considered as potential sources of energy in the past, but today they are all examples of ___________ (a) Non-Renewable Resources (b) Actual Resources (c) Ubiquitous Resources (d) Localised Resources

Answer: (b) Actual Resources

Question 7. Water, Electricity, Rickshaw etc have all something in common, they have been used by people and hence they are all examples of (b) Patent (b) Skill (c) Utility (d) Potential

Answer: (c) Utility

Question 8. Name the type of resources which have the capacity or ability to reproduce or renew quickly. (a) Localised Resources (b) Non-Renewable Resources (c) Renewable Resources (d) Ubiquitous Resources

Answer: (c) Renewable Resources

Question 9. Grandmother’s home remedies have no commercial value, but can be patented and sold to become economically valuable. What exactly is the meaning of the word Patent from the following list of options? (a) To satisfy human needs (b) The exclusive right over an idea or invention (c) Renewable resources (d) The usability or utility of a substance

Answer: (b) The exclusive right over an idea or invention

Question 10. Resources used carefully and giving them time to get renewed is called (a) resource depletion (b) resource conservation (c) resource pollution (d) none of these

Answer: (b) resource conservation

Question 11. On the basis of their distribution, Natural resources can be classified as____________ and ________. (a) Ubiquitous and Localised resources (b) Biotic and Abiotic resources (c) Actual and Potential resources (d) Renewable and Non Renewable

Answer: (a) Ubiquitous and Localised resources

Question 12. Name the Resources where the quantity is known (a) Biotic (b) Actual (c) Renewable (d) Potential

Answer: (b) Actual

Question 13. Nitrogen fixation can be done by (a) Industries (b) Rhizobium (c) Lightening (d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

Question 14. From the following which one can be described as a best example for having an economic value (a) A beautiful sunset (b) Resources like Iron, Manganese (c) Affection from friends and family (d) Good weather

Answer: (b) Resources like Iron, Manganese

Question 15. From the given list of options, which one can be considered as an example of a Natural Resource? (a) Railway Tracks (b) Bridges (c) Sunlight (d) Roads

Answer: (c) Sunlight

Question 16. The basis of classification of resources are (a) level of development and use (b) origin (c) stock and distribution (d) all of these

Answer: (d) all of these

Question 17. Name the term given to the resources that are drawn from Nature and used without much modification. (b) Human (b) Natural resources (c) Depletable (d) Human made

Answer: (b) Natural resources

Question 18. Name the term that can collectively refer to consist of all living and nonliving things that surround an organism. (a) Environment (b) Stock (c) Value (d) Resource

Answer: (a) Environment

Hope the information shed above regarding NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries of CBSE Class 8 Geography Resources MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, feel free to reach us so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible.