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Ultimate Guide to the AP European History Exam

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The AP European History exam is one of the hardest and least-common AP exams taken. In 2019, only about 100,000 of the more than 5 million students taking AP exams took the AP European History exam. Only 11.7% of those AP Euro test-takers scored a 5.

If you’re planning to take the AP European History exam—whether you have taken the class or self-studied—read on for a breakdown of the test and CollegeVine’s advice for how to best prepare for it.

When is the AP European History Exam?

The 2020 AP European History exam takes place on Wednesday, May 6, 2020 at 12 pm. For a comprehensive list of dates and times for all of the 2020 AP exams, check out our blog post 2020 AP Exam Schedule: Everything You Need to Know .

What Does the AP European History Exam Cover?

The AP European History course investigates the content of European history for significant events, individuals, developments, and processes in four historical periods. In this class, you’ll develop your ability to analyze historical data, assess historical evidence, and analyze significant issues in European history. The course content focuses on events from 1450 to the present and provides seven themes for framing connections over time and between places:

• Interaction of Europe and the world
• Economic and commercial developments
• Cultural and intellectual developments
• States and other institutions of power
• Social organization and development
• National and European identity
• Technological and scientific innovation

In 2015, the AP European History course was redesigned. Though the course content remains largely the same, it is now more focused towards clear learning objectives for the exam. The exam itself has also changed. Starting with the 2016 test, there are now fewer long essays and multiple-choice questions, and short-answer questions were added for the first time. It is important to remember when preparing for the exam to use material produced in 2015 or later, as older material will be outdated.    

AP European History Exam Course Content

The AP European History course consists of nine units, covering the cultural, economic, political, and social developments that have shaped Europe from 1450 through the present. Below is a look at how the units break down and what percentage of the exam they represent. 

AP European History Exam Content

The AP European History exam is one of the longer AP exams, clocking in at three hours and 15 minutes. It is comprised of the following parts: 

Section 1: Multiple Choice 

55 minutes | 55 questions | 40% of score

Section 1 takes 55 minutes, contains 55 multiple-choice questions, and accounts for 40% of your total score. Questions generally come in sets of three or four based on the same stimulus, and include one or more sources such as text, images, charts, and maps. 

Section 2: Short-Answer Questions

40 minutes | 3 questions | 20% of score

Section 2 contains three short-answer questions, takes 40 minutes, and accounts for 20% of your total score. 

• The first short-answer question focuses on historical developments or processes from 1600-2001 and includes one or two secondary sources.
• The second short-answer question shares the same focus and time period as the first question—historical developments or processes occurring between 1600-2001—but includes one primary source. 
• The final short-answer question gives test-takers a choice to answer one of three questions. The three questions all focus on the historical developments and processes of particular time periods—1450 to 1648, 1815 to 1914, 1914 to today—and no source material is included. 

In their short answers, students are tasked with analyzing the sources along with the developments described in them, then putting those occurrences in context and making connections between them. 

Section 3: Free Response 

1 hour 40 minutes | 2 questions | 40% of score

The last section features two free-response questions—one is a document-based question (DBQ) which you have an hour to answer and is worth 25% of your score, the other is a long essay that you’re given 40 minutes to write and is worth 15% of your score. 

Document-Based Question: The document-based question is focused on a historical development that happened between 1600 and 2001. Test takers are presented with seven documents giving various perspectives on the event and are tasked with constructing an argument using the documents AND prior knowledge to form and support an argument. 

Long Essay: Test takers are given the choice of three questions, all of them assessing the ability to develop and support arguments based on evidence, but focusing on different historical time periods. The three time periods are: 1450 to 1700, 1648 to 1914, and 1815 to 2001. 

AP European History Score Distribution, Average Score, and Passing Rate

The AP European History exam is a tough one to master, though many students do well enough to pass (score of 3 or higher). In 2019, 58.1% of students who took the AP European History exam received a score of 3 or higher. Of these, only 11.7% of students received the top score of 5 with another 20.5% scoring a 4. Roughly a quarter (25.9%) of all test-takers received a score of 3, contributing greatly to the exam’s pass rate. About a third (29.2%) of students received a score of 2, while 12.5% of test-takers scored a 1 on the exam. If you’re curious about other score distributions, see our post Easiest and Hardest AP Exams .

Keep in mind that policies regarding credit and advanced standing based on AP scores vary widely from college to college. Be sure to check whether the schools on your list accept AP exam credit, and if so, what scores they require.

Best Ways to Study for the AP European History Exam

Step 1: assess your skills.

Take a practice test to assess your initial knowledge of the material. The College Board AP European History website provides a number of sample test questions and exam tips, and it also has a practice AP European History exam available. There are numerous other free practice tests offered on the web; for example, Varsity Tutors has a multitude of free AP European History Diagnostic Tests on their website. High School Test Prep also hosts a handful of free AP European History tests on their website. 

Step 2: Study the Material

The AP European History exam tests your knowledge of significant events, individuals, developments, and processes in European history in four historical periods from 1450 to present. 

Learn to Think Like a Historian: You’ll need to learn the thinking skills and methods used by historians to study the past. These include analyzing primary and secondary sources, making historical comparisons, chronological reasoning, and argumentation. 

Go to the Source: The College Board provides a series of useful videos that give an overview of curricular framework and exam format. You should also review the College Board’s Exam Tips .

Ask an Expert: For a more specific idea of where to focus your studying, you should consider using an updated formal study guide. Both the Princeton Review’s Cracking the AP European History Exam, 2020 Edition: Proven Techniques to Help You Score a 5 and Barron’s AP European History, 8th Edition are effective and popular resources. Of these, Barron’s is regarded as the stronger option for long-term studying of the material, while the Princeton Review is often regarded as a better option for test practice (though some users say that its practice tests in the past have been more difficult than the actual AP exam).

There are also a number of free study resources available online. Many AP teachers have posted complete study guides—such as this AP European History study guide from Mrs. Newmark , a teacher at the Raleigh Charter High School in Raleigh, North Carolina—review sheets, and test questions. 

Try using a study app: Finally, another convenient way to study is to use one of the recently-developed apps for AP exams. These can be free or cost a small fee, and are an easy way to quiz yourself on-the-go. Make sure you read reviews before choosing one—their quality varies widely. Varsity Tutors also offers a free app to help you study for the AP Euro exam .

Step 3: Practice Multiple-Choice Questions

Once you have your theory down, test it out by practicing multiple-choice questions. You can find these in most study guides or through online searches. You could also try taking the multiple-choice section of another practice exam.

The College Board Course Description includes many practice multiple-choice questions along with explanations of their answers. There are also many practice questions available in any commercial study guide. As you go through these, try to keep track of which areas are still tripping you up, and go back over this theory again. Focus on understanding what each question is asking and keep a running list of any concepts that are still unfamiliar.

Step 4: Practice Free-Response Questions

The AP European History exam is different from many AP exams in that it consists of five free-response questions of varying length and content. To be successful in these sections, you should know what to expect from each question. If you are already familiar with the free-response portions of the AP U.S. History or AP World History exams, you will find these similar in format.

Short Answer: The first four free-response questions are considered “short answer” and you will be allowed 40 minutes to complete them all. These questions tend to have multiple parts, with each being very specific and limited in scope. In this section, you will have an opportunity to explain the historical examples you know best. You will probably be asked to interpret a graph or figure, compare and contrast the effects of different cultural approaches from specific time periods, or list distinct precipitating factors of significant historical events. You should be able to answer each part of these questions in a short, succinct paragraph.

Document-Based Question : The second free-response section is a document-based question and you will have one hour to complete it. This one question alone is worth 25% of your total exam score. To master it, you need to carefully read the question, practice active reading skills while reviewing the documents, and make a strong outline before you begin to write. In this section, you will assess written, quantitative, or visual materials as historical evidence. Be sure to completely review the outline of requirements provided before the prompt, and check them off as you are outlining and writing your response. 

• Scoring: It’s also beneficial to understand the rubric used to score document-based questions before formulating answers. Document-based questions are scored on a scale of 0 to 7, with points awarded for: Thesis/Claim (0 to 1 point), Contextualization (0 to 1 point), Evidence (0 to 3 points), and Analysis/Reasoning (0 to 2 points).

Long Essay: The last free-response section is a long-essay response, which you will have 40 minutes to complete. It is worth 15% of your total exam score. This section gives you the choice of three separate prompts—remember that you only need to answer one of them! As in the document-based question above, you will be provided with a rough outline of key considerations for the scoring of your work. These include a strong thesis, application of your historical thinking skills, ability to support your argument with specific examples, and the synthesis of your response into a greater historical context. You will be asked to explain and analyze significant issues in world history and develop an argument supported by your analysis of historical evidence.

• Scoring: Once again, understanding the scoring rubric is beneficial. The long essay is scored on a scale ranging from 0 to 6. Points are awarded for Thesis/Claim (0 to 1 point), Contextualization (0 to 1 point), Evidence (0 to 2 points), and Analysis/Reasoning (0 to 2 points). This YouTube video explains the AP Euro DBQ rubric and gives concrete examples of what to do and what NOT to do.

As you complete the document-based question and long essay, make sure to keep an eye on the time. Though you will be reminded of time remaining by the exam proctor, you will not be forced to move on to another question once the amount of time recommended for the first question has passed. Make sure you stay on track to address each section of every question. No points can be awarded for answer sections left completely blank when time runs out.

For a more in-depth explanation of how the document-based section and long-essay section are scored, review the College Board’s scoring rubric . To read descriptions of the directives commonly found on this section, visit the Common Directives page. To see authentic examples of past student responses and scoring explanations for each, visit the College Board’s Student Samples, Scoring Guidelines, and Commentary .

Step 5: Take Another Practice Test

As you did at the very beginning of your studying, take a practice test to evaluate your progress. You should see a steady progression of knowledge, and it’s likely that you will see patterns identifying which areas have improved the most and which areas still need improvement.

If you have time, repeat each of the steps above to incrementally increase your score.

Step 6: Exam Day Specifics

If you’re taking the AP course associated with this exam, your teacher will walk you through how to register. If you’re self-studying, check out our blog post How to Self-Register for AP Exams .

For information about what to bring to the exam, see our post What Should I Bring to My AP Exam (And What Should I Definitely Leave at Home)?

History enthusiasts will love CollegeVine’s free chancing engine. We use past performance (grades, standardized test scores, and extracurricular activities) to predict future outcomes—in this case, your chance of acceptance into college. Try our chancing engine today to see your odds of getting into over 500 colleges and universities. 

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Familiar with the defenestration of Prague? Know the causes of the French Revolution? The AP ® European History exam tests topics and skills discussed in your Advanced Placement European History course. If you score high enough, your AP Euro score could earn you college credit!

Check out our AP European History guide for the essential info you need about the exam:

• Exam Overview
• Sections and Question Types
• How to Prepare

What’s on the AP European History Exam?

The course focuses on the following nine units of study:

• Unit 1: Renaissance and Exploration
• Unit 2: Age of Reformation
• Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism
• Unit 4: Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments
• Unit 5: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century
• Unit 6: Industrialization and its Effects
• Unit 7: 19th Century Perspectives and Political Developments
• Unit 8: 20th Century Global Conflicts
• Unit 9: Cold War and Contemporary Europe

The College Board is very detailed in what they require your AP teacher to cover in his or her AP European History course. They explain that you should be familiar with the following themes:

• Interaction of Europe and and the World: commercial and religious motivations to interact with the world; competition for trade; commercial rivalries; Christianity; social Darwinism; mercantilism; slave-labor system; expansion of slave trade; slave revolt and Haitian independence; national self-determination; extreme nationalist political parties; increased immigration into Europe, anti-immigrant policies; Woodrow Wilson’s political/diplomatic idealism; causes of World War I; Columbian exchange; Marshall Plan; 1929 stock market crash; Cold War outside Europe; responses to imperialism; diplomacy and colonial wars
• Economic and Commercial Developments: industrialization; Second Industrial Revolution; French Revolution; Russian reform and modernization; world monetary and trade systems; European economic and political integration; baby boom; the putting-out system; Agricultural Revolution and population growth; mechanization; the factory system; migration from rural to urban areas; critiques of capitalism; evolution of socialist ideology; Russian Revolution; Lenin’s New Economic Policy; Stalin’s economic modernization; fascism; the Great Depression; green parties; revolts of 1968; labor laws and reform programs
• Cultural and Intellectual Developments: revival of classical texts; invention of the printing press; Renaissance art; scientific method; rational thought; theories of Locke and Rousseau; humanism; romanticism; fascist nationalism
• States and Other Institutions of Power: English Civil War; French Revolution; wars of Napoleon; Enlightenment principles; Congress of Vienna; social contract; post-1815 revolutions; nation-building; industrialization; Russian Revolution; constitutionalism; rise of the Nazis; mass media and propaganda; total war; post-1945 nationalist/separatist movements; genocide; imperialism; colonial independence movements; League of Nations; collapse of communism
• Social Organization and Development: gender roles and marriage patterns; hierarchy and social status; urban expansion; rise of commercial and professional groups; family economy; Napoleon and meritocracy; industrialization and class; destructive effects of technology; religious minorities; social Darwinism
• National and European Identity: new class identities; ethnic cleansing; national self-determination; transnational identities; European integration; conflict between religious groups; continued influence of local identities; separatist movements; decolonization; radical political thought; rise of Zionism; mass politics; worker movements
• Technological and Scientific Innovation : Golden Age of Dutch advances (telescope, microscope, etc.); 1 st Industrial Revolution (spinning jenny, steam engine, steamboat); 2 nd Industrial Revolution (electric motors, railways, telegraph, automobile, medical technology); 20 th century (Einstein and theory of relativity, color photography, warfare technology, radio and television, medical innovations)

Read More: For a comprehensive content review, check out our line of AP guides

AP Euro Sections and Question Types

The AP European History exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes long. It is composed of two sections: a multiple choice/short answer section and a a free response section. There are two parts (Part A and Part B) to each section.

Note: The College Board has not yet announced if the 2021 digital version of the AP European History exam will be in place for future exam years. For updates on the digital test and its format, please visit the  AP Euro page on the College Board's website .

AP European History Multiple-Choice

Multiple-choice questions are grouped into sets of typically three or four questions and based on a primary or secondary source, including excerpts from historical documents or writings, images, graphs, maps, and so on. This section will test your ability to analyze and engage with the source materials while recalling what you already know about European History.

AP European History Short Answer

The short answer questions will ask you to write answers to questions in your test booklet. Some questions include texts, images, graphs, or maps. Questions 1 and 2 are required and focus on historical developments or processes from 1600–2001. You can choose between Question 3, which focuses on periods 1450–1648 and/or 1648–1815, and Question 4, which focuses on periods 1815–1914 and/or 1914–present.

AP European History Document-Based Question (DBQ)

DBQ questions will present you with a variety of historical documents that are intended to show various perspectives on a historical development or process. You will need to develop a thesis that responds to the question prompt and to support that thesis with evidence from both the documents and your knowledge of European history. The topic of the DBQ will include historical developments or processes between the years 1600 and 2001.

AP European History Long Essay

You’re given a choice form three long essay prompts to complete. You must develop a thesis and use historical evidence to support your thesis, but there won’t be any documents on which you must base your response. Instead you’ll need to draw upon your own knowledge of topics you learned in your AP European History class. Each question focuses on a different time period (1450–1700, 1648–1914, or 1815–2001).

Learn More: Review for the exam with our AP European History Cram Course and Tutors

What's a Good AP European History Score?

AP scores are reported from 1 to 5. Colleges are generally looking for a 4 or 5 on the AP Euro exam, but some may grant credit for a 3. Here’s how students scored on the AP European History exam in May 2022:

Source: College Board

How can I prepare?

AP classes are great, but for many students they’re not enough! For a thorough review of AP European History content and strategy, pick the AP prep option that works best for your goals and learning style.

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Find what you need to study

Study Guides for Every AP Euro Unit

7 min read • december 14, 2021

Harrison Burnside

Studying for the AP Euro exam? We've pulled together a list of study guides for every unit so you can focus your time on studying and not looking for resources!

If you need more explanations, drop your questions 🙋 in the community chat or join us for this week's cram session .

All of these study guides were created by experienced AP Euro teachers and students who have aced the exam. They include everything you need to know to get a 5 on the exam.

We're publishing more every day, so check back or send us a message with any immediate requests!

Thematic AP Euro Review Guides

Besides learning tons of content over hundreds of years of history, you also learn how to think thematically and in terms of Historical Reasoning. In AP Euro, you learn about the themes of State and Institutions of Power, Interactions of Europe + The World, and so many more that we explain through these guides below! Also, in AP European History, you must learn Historical Thinking and Reasoning Skills like Causation, Continuity/Change over Time, and Comparison! Below we linked guides that can help refine those skills to help improve your FRQ writing!

Causation in the AP Histories

Comparison in the AP Histories (note: this guide is written for AP World, but the concepts apply across the histories!)

Exam Skill Review Guides

In AP Euro, you have to take all of the Thematic Skills and all of the Hundreds of Years of History to culminate and prove your knowledge to the College Board in your End of Year AP Exam! While some might dread taking the exam, it becomes much easier and FIVEable when studying how to answer all of the different FRQ (Free Response Question) Types and how to tackle MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with us!

Ultimate Guide to the DBQ! (Document Based Question)

AP History SAQ Guide (Short Answer Questions)

✍️ Do You Want More Practice Writing FRQs for AP Euro? Make sure to Check out All of the AP Euro Past FRQ Prompts for SAQ, LEQ, + DBQs at this blog post !

Unit 1: Renaissance and Exploration

In the late 1400s, the beginning of the Renaissance transformed Europe, bringing Europe out of the Middle ages. Beginning in the Italian city-state of Florence, a new intellectual movement known as humanism began spreading, changing the way Europeans viewed themselves and the world around them. Intellectuals would rediscover the writings of classical Greece and Rome, discover new ways to represent reality through painting and sculpture, and reinvent man's meaning for existence.

1.1 Context of the Renaissance

1.2 Italian Renaissance

1.3 Northern Renaissance

1.4 Printing 

1.5 New Monarchies

1.6 Age of Exploration

1.7 Colonial Rivals

1.8 Columbian Exchange

1.9 Slave Trade

1.10 Commercial Revolution

1.11 Causation in the Renaissance + Age of Discovery

Unit 2: Age of Reformation

The Catholic Church dominated Europe for centuries. They held incredible influence over European society and politics during the Middle Ages, and that influence continued long after the Middle Ages ended. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and while the Catholic Church had great power, they used it very irresponsibly. This would lead to many attempts at reform with some being more successful than others to change the entire idea of religion in Europe!

2.0 Unit Overview

2.1 Content of the 16-17th Centuries

2.2 Martin Luther

2.3 Protestant Reformation

2.4 Wars of Religion

2.5 Catholic Reformation

2.6 16th Century Society + Politics in Europe

2.7 Mannerism + Baroque Art

2.8 Causation in the Age of Reformation + the Wars of Religion

Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism

Now when we discuss the idea of state-building in this unit, it’s important to understand that the cause for this sudden change would be this surge for Monarchical Sovereignty, thus furthering the rise of Absolutist rulers such as King Louis XIV, and Peter The Great! Contextually speaking, Absolutism emerged at a dicey point in European History. New Monarchs of the 16th and 17th Centuries had consolidated their power through various means.

3.0 Unit Overview 

3.1 Context of State-Building from 1648-1815

3.2 English Civil War + Glorious Revolution

3.3 Continuities + Changes to Economics

3.4 Mercantilism

3.5 Dutch Golden Age

3.6 Balance of Power in Europe in this Era

3.7 Absolutism

3.8 Comparison in the Age of Absolutism + Constitutionalism

Unit 4: Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments

Humanism, which gave some Europeans a sense of individualism and a confidence in their ability to reason during the Renaissance and Protestant Reformation periods, began to branch into other interests beyond the 16th century. Individualism manifested itself in intellectuals who were interested in sciences, people and places who had recently been discovered by Europeans, and politics. As interest in challenging traditional authorities in these areas intensified and populations expanded in cities, conversations about reform and new advancements became the norm!

4.0 Unit Overview

4.1 Context of the Scientific Revolution + Enlightenment

4.2 Scientific Revolution

4.3 Enlightenment

4.4 18th Century Society + Demographics in Europe

4.5 18th Century Culture + Art in Europe

4.6 Enlightened Monarchies

Unit 5: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century

In 1648, the Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years’ War. Absolutist monarchs looked to centralize power.  Challenges to this authority resulted in new political systems. By the 18th-century, Europe was full of new political ideas and tensions. European commerce also expanded and caused conflict as countries competed in a growing trade network! Through colonies in the Americas, European countries profited off cash crops, gold, and silver. Economic rivalry eventually led to global warfare!

5.0 Unit Overview

5.1 Context of 18th Century Politics

5.2 Rise of Global Markets in the 18th Century

5.3 Britain's Ascendancy

5.4 French Revolution

5.5 Effects of the French Revolution

5.6 Napoleon's Rise, Dominance, + Defeat

5.7 Congress of Vienna

5.8 Romanticism

5.9 Continuity + Change in States of the 18th Century

Unit 6: Industrialization and Its Effects

Before the First Industrial Revolution, the majority of people made their living off of farming land or the putting-out/cottage system. They grew enough for their families and whatever was left would be sold. The Agricultural Revolution changed this by amplifying food production which exponentially increased the population of Europe and their health. However, at the same time, the Napoleonic Wars were raging. These wars threatened the political stability of the time and would transform European governments into conservative powerhouses that despised any sort of change or reform.

6.0 Unit Overview

6.1 Context of Industrialization

6.2 First Industrial Revolution

6.3 Second Industrial Revolution

6.4 Social Effects of Industrialization

6.5 Concert of Europe + European Conservatism

6.6 Revolutions in the Period of 1815-1914

6.7 Intellectual Developments from 1815-1914

6.8 19th Century Social Reform Movements

6.9 Institutional Reforms of the 19th Century

6.10 Causation in the Age of Industrialization

Unit 7: 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, conservative governments of Europe attempted to rid society of liberal, republican ideas to avoid revolutions. Due to the effects of the French Revolution on Europe, through Napoleon’s Continental System, it was believed that liberalism would lead to further threats to the sovereignty of each European nation. Nationalism also became a threat to European empires after Napoleon’s rule in France. Nation-states began to emerge based on common histories, languages, and religions. These states threatened to upset the balance of power that was so delicately organized by the Congress of Vienna. 

7.0 Unit Overview

7.1 Context of 19th Century Politics

7.2 Nationalism

7.3 National Unification + Diplomatic Tensions

7.4 Darwinism + Social Darwinism

7.5 Science + Intellectual Developments from 1815-1914

7.6 Imperialism 

7.7 Effects of Imperialism

7.8 19th Century Culture + Arts

Unit 8: 20th-Century Global Conflicts

Alliances divided Europe between the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance until the Russian Revolution forced them to revoke their involvement in the Triple Entente. After understanding the void left by Russia, the United States joined the war to aid the British and the French forces against Germany. The fresh forces, supplies, and aid of the US military ended WWI only a year later. The Paris Peace Conference severely punished the German government for its role in WWI, created the League of Nations to keep regional conflicts from erupting into global conflicts, and forced Germany into extreme debt.

8.0 Unit Overview

8.1 Context of 20th Century Global Conflicts

8.2 World War 1

8.3 Russian Revolution

8.4 Versailles Conference and Peace Settlement

8.5 Global Economic Crisis: The Great Depression

8.6 Fascism and Totalitarianism 

8.7 Europe in the Interwar Period

8.8 World War 2

8.9 The Holocaust

8.10 20th Century Cultural, Intellectual, and Artistic Developments

Unit 9: Cold War and Contemporary Europe

After WW1, Europe was decimated due to total warfare and new military technologies. The end of WWII saw multiple superpowers in the world once again suffer tremendously. From England to Germany and France, only two nations came out of the conflict stronger than ever before: the US and Russia. The only problem? The two countries had opposite political ideologies. The desire to become the world’s strongest nation would see them compete with one another for decades. The end of that conflict would cause ripples throughout the world that can be seen in modern times.

9.1 Context of the Cold War

9.2 Rebuilding Europe

9.3 Cold War

9.4 Two Super Powers Emerge

9.5 Mass Atrocities after 1945

9.6 Postwar Economic Developments

9.7 Fall of Communism

9.8 Feminism

9.9 Decolonization 

9.10 The European Union

9.11 Migrations within and to Europe since 1945

9.12 Tech Developments since 1914

9.13 Globalization

9.14 20th and 21st Century Culture, Arts, and Demographic Trends 

9.15 Continuity and Change in the 20th and 21st Centuries

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Advanced Placement

The Complete Guide to AP European History Exam [Updated for AP 2024 Exam]

Written by Apoorvaa Agarwal

Updated on: 27 May 2024

AP European History is one of the popular AP courses offered by the College Board. In 2022, over 80,152 students took the AP European History exam.

In this AP European History Guide, we will discuss the format of the AP European History exam, the topics covered, and effective ways to study for the exam. We will also provide some resources that can help you prepare for the exam. So, let’s get started!

What is on the AP European History exam?

The AP European History exam covers a wide range of topics related to the history of Europe from the Renaissance to the present day . These topics include the Renaissance and exploration, the Age of Reformation, absolutism and constitutionalism, scientific, philosophical, and political developments, conflict, crisis, and reaction in the late 18th century, industrialization and its effects, 19th-century perspectives and political developments, 20th-century global conflicts, and the Cold War and contemporary Europe. 

The exam also covers political development, social change, economic growth, cultural diversity, and environmental change.

The AP European History Exam format includes two sections as below:

Now let’s understand everything about the AP European History exam like duration, structure, score distribution, etc.

How long is the AP European History exam?

The AP European History Exam is 3 hours 15 minutes long and is divided into two sections. Section one is further divided into two parts: Part A is multiple choice questions and Part B is short answers.

• Section I Part A  consists of 55 multiple-choice questions and is 55 minutes long.
• Section I Part B consists of 3 short answer questions and is 40 minutes long.
• The second section is a free-response section with 2 questions and is 1 hour 40 minutes long.

The AP European History Exam will test your understanding of the historical concepts covered in the course units, as well as your ability to analyze primary and secondary sources, historical arguments, and more.

How many questions does the AP European History exam have?

The AP European History exam has 60 questions in total divided into 2 major sections. Section I Part A has 55 multiple-choice questions, section II Part B has 3 short answer questions, and section II has 2 free-response questions.

Topics for AP European History Review

For additional course resources such as classroom resources, formulae and equation sheets and lab manuals refer to the College Board AP European History course page .

How is the AP European History exam scored?

The AP European History exam is scored on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest score and 1 being the lowest. The exam is divided into two sections: Section I and Section II.

Section I is 1 hour and 35 minutes long and consists of 55 multiple-choice questions and 3 short-answer questions. Each multiple-choice question is worth 1 raw point , for a total of 55 raw points possible in this section. There is no penalty for incorrect answers, so you should always answer every question, even if you have to guess.

The three short-answer questions are worth 3 points each, for a total of 9 raw points possible in this section. The short-answer questions are scored holistically, meaning that your score will be based on the overall quality of your answers, not just the number of correct facts you provide.

Section II is 1 hour and 40 minutes long and consists of 2 free response questions. The free-response section is worth 13 raw points- Question 1 is worth 7 raw points and Question 2 is worth 6 raw points. On the free response questions, points are taken off for errors only if they detract from the quality of the argument being made . Grammatical and other technical errors aren’t a big deal as long as they don’t inhibit the grader’s ability to understand what your answer is saying.

Your final score on the AP European History exam is a combination of your raw scores on Section I and Section II. The raw scores are first scaled to a 1 to 5 scale, and then your final score is determined. The scaling process is designed to ensure that students who take the exam in different years are evaluated fairly.

A score of 3 or higher on the AP European History exam is generally considered to be a good score. This means that you have demonstrated a solid understanding of the material and are likely to be successful in college-level U.S. history courses.

When is the AP European History exam in 2024?

The AP European History exam for 2024 will be held on Friday, May 10 2024 08:00 am local time. The 2024 AP Exams will be held over two weeks in May: May 6–10 and May 13–17. 

For the most recent information on exam dates and registration deadlines, students can check with their institution or the College Board website .

How to prepare for the AP European History exam?

Here are some tips on how to prepare for the AP European History exam 

• Learn about the different political systems that have existed in Europe over the centuries. This includes monarchies, republics, democracies, and dictatorships.
• Be familiar with the major wars that have been fought in Europe. This includes the Hundred Years’ War, the Thirty Years’ War, the Napoleonic Wars, World War I, and World War II.
• Understand the impact of the Industrial Revolution on European society. This includes the rise of a new working class, the growth of cities, and the development of new technologies.
• Be aware of the role of religion in European history. This includes the Catholic Church, the Protestant Reformation, and the Enlightenment.
• Be able to analyze primary sources. The AP European History exam will include questions that require you to analyze primary sources, such as historical documents, maps, and photographs.
• Use outside sources. The AP European History exam allows you to use outside sources to support your essays. This can be a great way to add depth and complexity to your arguments.

How can Wiingy help with AP European History exam prep?

In 2022, only 58.9% of the 80,152 students who took the AP US History exam scored a 5. While 3 is considered the unofficial passing rate, most elite universities, such as Harvard or Princeton, offer AP credit only if you score 5 or higher. 

Getting a 5 is possible if you have the right support in your high school, but that’s rarely the case.

Here at Wiingy, we work with vetted AP European History tutors with demonstrated expertise and experience in helping students score a 5 on AP exams. 

Unlike tutor marketplaces, every Wiingy tutor is screened individually and undergoes a comprehensive assessment.

Less than 3% of applicants are selected to become tutors on Wiingy’s platform, ensuring tutors are highly qualified and experienced in teaching AP courses.

Our tutors will work with you 1-on-1 to master the content and skills you need to succeed.

Experienced tutors can provide you with curriculum-specific guides and practice questions and familiarize you with the exam format to help you ace the test.

We know that sometimes you don’t want to pay for private tutoring because it is too expensive. It’s common to see tutoring costs between $100 to $150 per hour.

Wiingy’s rates are very affordable, starting from just $28 per hour , much lower than the average AP tutoring offered by other platforms.

One more advantage of studying with us is that we don’t require you to sign up for any packages or yearly subscriptions . You can sign up for as little as a single lesson and add more lessons as per your requirements.

While we try to match you with the perfect tutor as per your needs, we know that sometimes even the best tutors might not be the right fit for you. That’s why we offer you the Perfect Match Guarantee, which means that if you are not satisfied with your tutor for any reason, you can request a free replacement at any time. 

Sign up with Wiingy AP European History Tutoring today and achieve your goal of scoring a 5 on your AP Test!

Why take AP European History?

Here are some of the benefits of taking the AP European History exam:

• College credit : Depending on your score and the policies of the college you plan to attend, a high score on the AP European History exam can earn you college credit. This can save you time and money on tuition costs, as you may be able to skip introductory US history courses in college. You can major in History, Political Science, Law, Government, International Relations, or Public Policy.
• Advanced Placement : In addition to college credit, a high score on the AP European History exam can also earn you advanced placement in higher-level US history courses in college. This can give you a head start and allow you to take more advanced courses earlier in your college career.
• Career prospects: Taking the AP European History exam and earning a high score demonstrates to colleges and future employers that you have mastered college-level US history concepts and skills. This can be an impressive addition to your college application or resume if you are looking to make your career as a Historian, Political Scientist, Lawyer, Government Official, Journalist, or Educator.
• Interest in US history : Finally, taking the AP European History exam can be a way to pursue your interest in US history and deepen your understanding of the American past. By exploring advanced US history concepts and practicing critical thinking skills, you can gain a greater appreciation for the complexity and diversity of American society.

Students who are interested in majoring in history, political science, law, government, international relations, or public policy will find the skills learned in AP European History to be essential. Additionally, the skills learned in this course can be applied to a wide range of careers, such as teaching, consulting, and research.

The AP European History exam is divided into two sections: multiple-choice (55 questions, 1 hour and 35 minutes) and free-response (2 questions, 1 hour and 40 minutes).

The mean score for the AP European History exam in 2022 was 2.95 out of 5 , which is slightly lower than the mean score for all AP subjects in 2022 (2.92). The passing rate for AP European History in 2022 was 58.1% , which is slightly lower than the pass rate for AP overall (60.2%).

The AP European History exam is challenging, but it is also rewarding. By learning about the history of Europe and applying your critical thinking skills, you can gain a deeper understanding of the European past and how it has shaped the present.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is AP European history harder than AP U.S. history? Both AP U.S. History and AP European History are considered among the hardest AP classes, and many students find the exams in both courses especially challenging. Whether you will find AP U.S. History or AP European History more difficult depends on mainly individual factors.

These include things like your personal level of interest in each subject, your background knowledge of history, and the quality of the teachers at your particular high school for each course.

Should I take AP European History or World History?

Like AP European History, AP World History is considered one of the harder AP courses. In the event that your school offers both, and you are not sure which AP course to take, you will have to consider your school and personal circumstances.

Ask students who have taken each course which one they enjoyed more, found easier, and took more interest in. You should also consider whether you would prefer the broader, global focus of AP World History or AP European History’s narrower focus on a single continent.

How many credits do you get for AP European History?

The number of credits you earn for AP European History also varies depending on the school and your exam score. Generally speaking, colleges give credit for a score of 4 or 5, although some colleges offer credit for a score of 3 as well. Students typically receive 3-6 credits, but this, too, can vary. It is important to note that these are just a few examples, and the specific policies of each school may vary. It is always best to check with the admissions office of the school you are interested in attending to find out their specific policy on AP credits.

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Your chance of acceptance, your chancing factors, extracurriculars, ap euro vs apush difficulty.

Hey guys! I was wondering if anyone can give me some insight on whether AP European History is harder than AP US History? I'm trying to plan out my course schedule.

While the difficulty of a course can be somewhat subjective and may vary depending on your teacher, most students find that AP European History (AP Euro) is slightly more challenging than AP US History (APUSH). Here's a quick comparison to help you understand the differences:

Content: AP Euro covers a longer time frame (from around 1450 to the present) and multiple regional contexts (such as England, France, and Germany). This makes the content more extensive and diverse when compared to APUSH, which focuses specifically on the history of the United States from pre-colonial times to the present. As a result, AP Euro may require more memorization and understanding of different historical perspectives and contexts.

Essay Questions: Both courses have similar essay components, including the Document Based Question (DBQ) and the Long Essay Question (LEQ). However, in AP Euro, you may have to juggle a broader range of historical themes and complexities due to the diverse nature of European history.

Skills: Both courses require similar skills in critical thinking, analyzing primary and secondary sources, making historical connections, and writing argumentative essays. If you have a strong foundation in these skills or have taken AP World History previously, you might find both AP Euro and APUSH manageable.

Ultimately, your preference for one course over the other may come down to personal interests and learning style. If you enjoy learning about a variety of cultures and historical contexts, you may prefer AP Euro. On the other hand, if you're more interested in the history of the United States and prefer a narrower focus, APUSH might be a better option for you.

In any case, it's essential to consider your overall course load, balancing your time and energy among all subjects, and factoring in any extracurricular activities or commitments you have. Hope this helps you make an informed decision!

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CollegeVine’s Q&A seeks to offer informed perspectives on commonly asked admissions questions. Every answer is refined and validated by our team of admissions experts to ensure it resonates with trusted knowledge in the field.

Guide to the AP® European History Exam

Why take ap ® european history.

When faced with the choice of whether or not to take AP ® European History, the benefits often outweigh the costs for most students.

Many colleges require students to fulfill a history or social science course before they can graduate. However, if you take the AP ® European History Exam and attain a high score while you are in high school, you may be able to qualify for credit toward that requirement and not have to take another history exam in college.

A more recent argument for taking AP ® Exams, is that more colleges are going test-optional . This means that SAT ® and ACT ® scores are potentially holding less weight in college applications, and a good AP ® score could help tip the scale in your favor when it comes to college admissions.

Besides creating the opportunity to earn college credit for the work you do, AP ® courses also develop crucial skills, challenge you academically, and help round out your knowledge in ways you wouldn’t otherwise be able to. In addition to that, preparing for and taking the AP ® European History Exam provides excellent practice for college-level exams you may take in the future. Still unsure? This article goes into more detail about the benefits of taking AP® European History.

How to sign up for AP ® European History

To register for the AP ® Euro exam, you need to contact your school’s AP ® Coordinator, who can help facilitate your courses and exams.

Bear in mind you’ll likely need to complete requirements to be eligible to enroll in an AP ® course. In order to register for the AP ® European History Exam, you have to join your class section online, on College Board’s My AP portal. Some schools will automatically register you for the exam if you’re enrolled in an AP ® European History class, but others won’t and you will have to register online through the portal. If you are unsure whether or not you are registered for the AP® European History Exam, check wIth your AP ® Coordinator.

There is also a deadline for exam registration, so make sure you register through your AP ® Coordinator by then to avoid paying any late fees. The deadline to register for exams is in the fall, but specific deadlines may vary by the school—be sure to check with your teacher or AP ® Coordinator.

How much does the AP ® Exam cost?

Each AP ® Exam costs a total of $96—if you’re in the mainland United States and its territories and commonwealths, Canada, or a U.S. Department of Defense Dependents School.

If you’re outside of those areas, the AP ® Exam will cost $126 per exam.

College Board has a financial aid program that offers a $34 fee reduction in the exam. Read more about exam fees here .

You cannot use the My AP ® portal to pay fees – they will be collected by your AP ® Coordinator.

When you take into account the cost of a college course versus the cost of the exam, though, you’ll see that the AP ® Exam is actually a bargain. With a passing score, you may be able to earn college credit and save hundreds or even thousands of dollars.

When can I take the AP ® European History Exam?

The AP ® European History Exam date in 2022 is Friday, May 6th. You can find more information about dates and late-testing schedules for the 2022 AP ® European History Exam Exam in our 2022 AP ® Exam Dates article.

What’s on the AP ® European History Exam?

Knowing what’s on the AP ® European History Exam is the first step to nailing it. The exam will cover all of the topics that you cover in your coursework. You will have to write a long argumentative essay as well as a document analysis showcasing your knowledge on a specific topic.

The course itself covers nine units. They are:

Renaissance and Exploration

Age of Reformation

Absolutism and Constitutionalism

Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments

Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century

Industrialization and Its Effects

19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments

20th-Century Global Conflicts

Cold War and Contemporary Europe

You should anticipate that the AP ® Euro exam will cover these topics. As such, you should make sure that you’ve studied all that you can.

What is the Test Format for the AP ® European History Exam?

The test format of the AP ® European History Exam is split up into two sections, and includes a variety of question types including multiple-choice, short answer, document analysis, and long essay.

Students will have 3 hours and 15 minutes to complete the exam. The exam is made up of a 95-minute section of multiple-choice and short-answer questions, and a 100-minute writing section where students will answer two essay prompts.

Here is what the format of the AP® European History exam looks like—along with how much of the exam score depends on each section:

Students are expected to write two essays:

• A document analysis
• A long essay based on an essay prompt

Here’s an overview of the two questions students will face:

Document-Based Question

Length: 60 minutes

Worth: 25% of score

This section includes a 15-minute reading period. The exam presents students with seven documents that provide different perspectives on a historical development or process between the years 1600 and 2001.

Students must then develop an argument based on the documents as well as their own knowledge.

Long Essay Question

Length: 40 minutes

Worth: 15% of score

In this section, students have a choice of three different questions/essay prompts. They must pick one of them to answer.

The questions cover varying time periods. They are:

Students must develop their argument and support it with evidence.

What is a DBQ?

If you’ve come across the term ‘DBQ’, but don’t know what it means, don’t worry – the world of AP ® tends to come with quite a few of its own acronyms. AP ® European History, for example, is often referred to as ‘AP ® Euro’, or simply ‘Euro’, for short.

DBQ simply stands for Document-Based Question. This is the first of the two essay questions you will have to answer in Section II of your AP ® European History Exam.

For the DBQ, you will have one hour, including 15 minutes of reading time, to analyze a set of historical documents (usually 6 or 7), which you should use to help you answer the essay prompt.

The documents provided could either be in text or image format. Past examples of DBQ documents include, but are not limited to:

• Diary excerpts
• Political cartoons
• Speech transcripts

You will be expected to use information from as many of the documents as you can to answer the question to the best of your ability.

How is the AP ® European History Exam Scored?

The AP ® Exam’s scoring system is on a scale of one to five—with five being the best and one being the worst.

Here’s a good table that breaks down the score you could get and what it means.

When it comes to AP ® European History, you’ll want to aim for a score of 3 or higher. Most colleges will give you college credit if you score within that range.

It varies from college to college though. So, if you want to know the score that a specific college will accept in exchange for credit, you’ll need to check with the college’s registrar’s office to find out information about AP ® credit for the AP ® European History Exam. Often, you can find this information on the school’s website. You can also check out the College Board’s search tool for AP® credit policies .

NOTE: Colleges sometimes change their requirements for awarding college credit or offering placement out of required courses. So always check in with the college to make sure you have the most relevant and recent information.

Bottom line: You’re going to want to score as high as you possibly can. Sure your dream school only requires a 3—but you should always be aiming for the highest possible score regardless.

When you get that credit, you will effectively be walking into college with part of the requirements already completed. It means you could skip a history requirement and take whatever class you wanted to. Or, you could even save money on college tuition by spending less time getting credits. Either way, getting that college credit before college is a great way to set yourself up for the next four years. Read more about how AP ® exams helped Marco Learning’s tutors earn college credits.

What Can I Bring to My AP ® European History Exam?

Below is a list of all the things you can bring with you into the exam room. Note: It’s possible that not all of the items will apply to you (e.g., the Student Accommodations Letter).

• Two No. 2 pencils with erasers. These will be used on the multiple-choice portion of the exam.
• Two black or dark blue ink pens. These will be used for the free-response questions. Be sure to bring black or dark blue ink pens only. Leave your turquoise brush pens at home.
• A watch. This is a simple analog or digital watch with no internet access or alarms. Don’t even try to bring your smartwatch in the room.
• The AP ® Student Pack. This is given to you just before you take your exam and contains a label that you need to place on your exam. Follow the labeling instructions carefully.
• Government- or school-issued ID. If you don’t attend the school where you’re taking the AP ® English Language Exam, you must also bring a government- or school-issued ID.
• College Board SSD Student Accommodation Letter. If you require accommodations beyond the regular exam, you’ll receive a letter that verifies this (e.g. you need a braille or large-type exam).
• Remember, you won’t have to bring all these things—but it’s in your best interest to be as prepared as you can for the exam.

Take a look at our Test Day Checklist to make sure you are 100% prepared to take your AP ® English Language and Composition Exam when the time comes!

How do I study for AP ® European History?

#1: Connect the themes

One thing that the AP ® European History course wants you to do is be able to connect historical events to the broader themes covered in the course. Not only that, but you need to be able to show that you know how the themes impact each other. That means connecting the broad themes together and showcasing how they relate to one another using specific examples.

#2: Take practice tests

“Know thy enemy!” You don’t want to take your first AP ® U.S. European Exam on test day. To that end, take as many practice tests as you can before the big day. Take note of the areas you performed the weakest in and dedicate extra study time to those areas. Only by practicing over and over again can you expect to be better at any skill—including test-taking. If you don’t have much experience taking practice tests, check out John Moscatiello’s Step-by-Step Guide to taking a practice test like a pro .

#3: Write as much as you can

The free-response section of the AP ® European History Exam is the most difficult part of the entire test. To prepare, you should be writing and practicing for the document-based question (DBQ) and long-essay question (LEQ) in the weeks leading up to the exam. College Board’s website has a page dedicated to past exam questions . Read them and start to craft essays around them. You can have your AP ® teacher read them and provide feedback as to which areas you can improve. If you’re looking for ways to improve your writing skills, our Free AP ® European History Writing Workshop is designed specifically to teach you fundamental and advanced skills about how to tackle and formulate essay responses. All sessions are recorded and will be sent to you via email if you miss or want to review a session later.

#4: Find resources that work

When it comes to studying for your exam, there is no “one size fits all.” Just because your friend studied best with flashcards doesn’t necessarily mean that flashcards are right for you. We encourage you to take some time to figure out what study methods you are most comfortable with; it could be a mixture of everything!

We know it can be overwhelming starting from scratch. If you feel stuck, we suggest downloading our free AP ® European History study guide as a jumping off point and going from there.

If you’re looking for live video reviews before the AP ® Exams, we will host live AP ® review sessions on our YouTube channel .  As well as live sessions, you can review content and run through essay techniques for the AP ® European History Exam here:  AP ® Euro Playlist .

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Anyone taking AP World History? Is it normal to have HOURS of hw each night?

My D has been working continuously since 5pm and she only took a 15 minute break for dinner. It’s almost 10:30 and she’s still working. She did do some work for 2 other classes, but she’s pretty much been working on this AP class for 4 hrs or more. It’s just the beginning of school. Is this typical? If so, OMG!

And she hasn’t been on social media or doing other things, so no procrastinating.

I’m taking AP World History too. We have to read a chapter every night and get quizzed on it next class. It’s a lot for me and my classmates right now, but I think it will get better later on when we can learn how to read a history textbook without reading every single word and actually retain the information. Or at least I’m hoping!

My son (now a junior) took AP World History last year, and there was an insane amount of homework. He’s now taking APUSH, AP Stats, Honors English, etc, and so far, the amount of homework is nothing like it was for AP World. His AP World teacher also happened to be quite disorganized, and left a lot of material until too late in the year. My son’s advice would be to use outside study guides, like Barron’s and AP flash cards, to keep up if the teacher is not experienced. I don’t think I’ll have my younger son take AP World unless he really wants to, now that I know what he’s in for, having watched my older son. There is just so much material to cover. Good luck!

I am taking AP Euro and we have to: read ~40 pages in a college textbook, answer some mini LEQs, write a timed LEQ, and do some MCs questions every two weeks. I think that she may not be planning her time well because there is a possibility that she waited until the last minute to do her homework. If I waited until the night before to do my two weeks of homework, I would have ~7 hours of homework to do in one night.

I remember only having to read 40-50 pages/complete an online quiz weekly, be prepared for surprise reading checks, and write/edit the occasional essay, but I never felt overwhelmed because of that class. What exactly has she been assigned? Does it look like busywork? We never had projects or worksheets in my World class. I think @kimclan1 might be right. Maybe your daughter waited to do a reading and a quiz is coming up. I spent 3/4 hours taking notes over a chapter when I waited too long and had to do it all at once. I can’t imagine a history teacher giving that much homework consistently.

Each class is taught differently by different teachers so it is very difficult to know for sure. My son has to read approx 20-30 pages a night or every other night and answer 20 questions on each chapter , 10 multiple choice and 10 definitions . So yes , it can take 3 or more hours a night. Is this her first AP class? She may be adjusting to a different teaching style. It also requires a lot of reading. She may be having to reread some sections to comprehend the material . I’d also caution people not to assume that your daughter procrastinated , and that’s why it’s taking her so long. There is no consistency in the homework requirements as you can see by reading the many threads regarding AP classes including the several listed on this thread.

@carolinamom2boys @Hamlon @kimclan1 Thanks for your responses. I saw the syllabus, and all that HW was assigned yesterday and due today. There was reading, working on charts, answering numerous questions, working on a timeline AND starting an essay. Lots of busywork. In all my years as a college student and grad student, I had never seen anything like it. She said her teacher is known to be the “hardest”. This is her first AP, and I guess she has to figure it out, but I hope it lets up.

Looking forward, do you think the other AP’s are less intensive or is this class similar to most APs? Thanks again

Yes, AP world history is one of the high workload APs and for students who have never taken one of the hard AP classes before, it can be a shock. Yes, this is typical. My kids do most of the reading/outlining for the week over the weekend, and I’d be surprised if they can do it in less than 5-6 hours. My second kid is a slower reader and more of a perfectionist and she struggled a lot with the workload in the first few months of AP world, probably spending 8-10 hours on those readings. She eventually learned to get the work done more efficiently. As she’s moved into APUSH this year, she is still working to improve her efficiency.

She probably will get more efficient. If she has to produce outlines (not all teachers require this), I would say that most kids make the mistake of writing too much down. My kids would suggest setting a limit of X lines per section and sticking to it. This improves with practice. The important part is the thought process of distilling what’s important, not what’s written on the page. My second kid who reads slowly has been setting timers lately to help her pace herself through the reading and assignments more quickly. Not sure how well that will work out.

I’m surprised at the posts of kid saying they didn’t have to work much in this class. In the years I’ve been on this site, I’ve seen a pretty strong consensus that it’s a lot of work, although less so for those who don’t have to outline. (Though some of those students are required to write significant research papers, which our students are not). I’m not a huge fan of the outlining, but both my kids say that it helps them learn the material well, and our school has an extremely high pass rate, so I guess they are working harder than most, considering the roughly 50% pass rate on this exam.

I would suggest trying to get as much as possible of the week’s work done over the weekend.

@citymama9 I have to say, that is WAY more work than I had to do in AP World…in my case we had these reading guides to do while reading the chapter and some of us would be prone to copying whole sections from the textbook…but even that didn’t take as much time as it looks like your D is taking on these assignments per day. 4 hours a night is pretty extensive.

In terms of other APs it really depends on the teacher and the school. You’re almost always going to hear that there are “hard” teachers and “easy teachers”. For example, a previous poster talked about doing reading and question answering for AP Euro in her school. My AP Euro teacher never assigned hw or essays and said that we could get away with a passing grade by just listening to lectures. We had a textbook, but for course only motivated students would read it. Plus our tests (except the final) were open note. In terms of history APs for me the amount of work probably looked something like this (from least to most): AP Euro<AP Human Geo<APUSH<AP World, though this of course is going to be different for people in other schools Also, there’s a big difference between different subject AP’s like history vs a science. History is going to be intensive in amount of reading and writing to do while a science can be intensive by problem sets (esp. if you leave them to the last day!) and lab write-ups. It all depends on the rigor of the school and rigor of the class as set by the teacher. Plus, for a STEM-oriented student history AP’s may seem harder or more work than their science AP’s and vice versa.

Good luck to your daughter! I hope her work-load lightens up…4 hours a day for one subject really seems like too much, especially if one is not interested in it.

If it’s her first AP History, she may be better served with AP Euro, because the timeline is shorter so teachers don’t feel pressured to cover 5,000 years of history in detail. It’s a massive amount of information and a lot of memorization. AP Euro is more concentrated and while it requires pretty good writing/reading/critical thinking, it shouldn’t be as overwhelming for a first AP.

Many schools don’t offer both. Ours has only World. I will say despite the large amount of work, both my kids found it worthwhile and were glad they did it, even though neither is planning to major in history. I also feel it’s worthwhile. American kids learn so little about world history during their education outside of this class.

For many kids, this is their first experience with a class where they can’t possibly learn all the material that’s presented. Learning to deal with this and sort out what they really need to know and when they know enough is especially tough for thorough, perfectionist types.

I agree it’s worthwhile content, but 4+ hours of hw a day for that one class is too much, especially if a lot of the work is “busywork” (ie., not “harder”, just “more” stuff).

Is it really 4 hours every night? I would say 4 hours 2-3x per week would be within the normal range. I suspect that we would have seen a post before now if it were 4 hours every single night. Yes, there are plenty of reading assignments that take 6+ hours to complete. Most of the kids are pretty busy with this every sunday. Our kids do get at least the full week’s assignment the prior week so they can schedule accordingly. I think my kids probably spent more time on WHAP than on any other AP class, including APUSH, BC calc, AP chem, AP bio, which are the hardest APs at our school.

Some people consider the outlining to be busywork. I’d rather see my kids do less outlining and more paper writing but they are surprisingly supportive of it, and as I said the test results speak for themselves. Yes, there should be more to the course than prepping for the test, but at least our classes do very well with that.

OP, if this doesn’t improve soon, have your child meet with the teacher. It’s quite possible that your kid is doing more than expected. I actually had my second kid do this when she was spending an inordinate amount of time on WHAP last fall, and it did help to get some clarification of expectations and some tips on how to approach the work.

Our son often spent several hours a night on AP World History. APUSH was not too far different for workload. All the other APs have been minimal workload.

All of you have been so incredibly helpful. Thank you! I’ve been thinking: D just started school last Thurs. They then had a 3 day weekend and over the weekend she had an enormous amt of AP HW due Tues. Last night she had even more due today. I am now wondering if she left too much for last night and should have done even more over the weekend than she did. I will have to look at the syllabus. The key here may be getting stuff done way in advance of when it’s due. Anyway, I told her this class will build character and make everything to come look easy in comparison. She grunted.

Absolutely!!! My oh my! I am currently a freshman and I am loaded everynight. It consumes my time a lot. Every night I feel like I see more images of Alexander the Great and pharoahs then my own family! Lots of outlining… Ugh

Our Ap World class is nothing near the workload of that.

My sophomore has had some difficulty with planning and scheduling in the past, but he actually has done well in this class by using the syllabus to plan out his work load . Maybe that can help your daughter @citymama9 .

WHAP is definitely a class where they should be thinking and planning at least for the coming week. Good practice for college.

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Advanced Placement (AP)

AP World History seems like it would be a pretty hard class. There's so much to cover—I mean, there’s nearly 1,000 years of global human history! But how much do you really need to know? And how do people usually do on the AP test?

In this article, I’ll examine five different factors to help you understand the difficulty level of AP World History .

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What Factors Determine the Difficulty of an AP Class?

Before we try to answer the big question, "Is AP World History hard?" let's go over the factors that determine how challenging a particular AP class is . We've grouped these five factors into three categories.

Testing Statistics

This section deals with hard data about students' performance on the AP exam.

Factor 1: Pass Rate

The pass rate is the percentage of students who earn 3s or higher on a particular AP exam . A low pass rate taken at face value indicates a harder test; however, sometimes classes that are more popular have artificially low pass rates because there's a higher proportion of under-prepared students in the testing pool. Therefore, it's important to consider an AP test's pass rate in context.

Factor 2: 5 Rate

The 5 rate is the percentage of students who earn 5s on an AP test . This can be a slightly more accurate indicator of difficulty than the pass rate because it shows how hard it is to master the material. Still, the 5 rate can also be affected by the popularity of a class, so it is important to keep that information in mind.

Objective and Subjective Assessments of the Content

These next two factors relate to the actual difficulty of the course content according to students and educators.

Factor 3: Objective Content Difficulty

This is determined by the scope of the content and the types of skills required in the class to be successful . Courses with a large volume of complex content are going to be more challenging. Sometimes, these objectively difficult courses have strangely high pass rates and 5 rates because only the most dedicated students are willing to take them.

Factor 4: Student Testimonials

Student opinions of the class are important to consider apart from an objective assessment of the content. Is there a ton of homework? Do you have to do projects all the time? Even if the content isn't the most complex, these factors can make a large difference in the time commitment required for the class.

Factor 5: Timing

When do students take the class? If it's during your freshman or sophomore year, this can cause students to perceive the content as more difficult , since they might not be used to AP classes yet.

If students are encouraged to wait until junior or senior year to take the class, they might compare their experience to other AP classes and come up with a more reliable assessment of how hard the class really is.

There's a big difference between sophomore year and senior year. For example, this girl gained the confidence to express her true self with a unique fashion statement. Seriously, though, graduation robes are hideous. We need to kill that tradition.

What Do Statistics Say About the AP World History Exam?

First, I'd like to note that World History is one of the more popular AP exams: 302,232 students took it in 2021 . The only AP exams to surpass this number of participants were English Language & Composition, US History, and English Literature & Composition.

The popularity of the World History test means that 5 rates and pass rates might be skewed lower. The greater the number of students taking an exam, the more likely it is that a large proportion of them will come into it under-prepared. This often happens when an AP test is closely related to a class that many students need to take to graduate (such as world history).

Sometimes students are pushed into the AP version of the class when they aren't ready or when they have little interest in the material but have to take the class to fulfill graduation requirements.

On the other hand, i f an exam is less popular, the students who take it are usually interested in the subject and thus more likely to be well prepared for the test . In these cases, they've typically chosen to take a class outside the core requirements because they want to learn more about the subject.

The 2022 pass rate for the AP World History exam  was 62.1 % , which is a moderate pass rate compared to that of many other AP exams .

The popularity of the AP World History test can partially account for the lower pass rate, but it's so close to the bottom of the stack that it does seem to indicate that it's quite a difficult test. More shockingly, the average document-based question score in 2021 was only 2.21 out of 7 points ! This emphasizes the difficulty of the DBQ in particular for most students.

Now, let's take a look at the 5 rate. The 2022 5 rate for AP World History was 13.2% , which is low . Only AP Chemistry, US Government and Politics, US History, Computer Science Principles, Environmental Science, Latin, Spanish Literature, English Literature, English Language, Research, Seminar, Physics 1, 2-D Design, and 3-D Design had lower 5 rates. Like the pass rate, this also seems to indicate that AP World History is a difficult AP exam. Although test popularity can partially account for such a low 5 rate, this rate is so low that it points to an inherently high difficulty level .

Before we move on, it's important to note that the AP World History test  underwent some big changes for 2020 in terms of content (we will talk more about this in the next section). As a result, these pass rates and 5 rates might not be reliable indicators of the difficulty of the course and exam (since it might take a few years for things to even out).

Is the AP World History Content Difficult?

For this class and exam, you're dealing with around 800 years of human history. This is actually a new, tighter scope beginning with the 2020 exam , which is now called AP World History: Modern (an AP World History: Ancient course is in development). Before, the exam dealt with thousands of years of history, so now the content will likely be much more manageable for students.

Still, 800 years is a huge chunk of time to cover in a single class! Fortunately, the AP World History class is mainly about being able to understand long-term trends throughout history and identifying how the six themes of the course relate to events throughout the nine units and their accompanying time periods. It's slightly different from classes such as AP US History and AP Euro, which focus more on specifics.

AP World History requires critical thinking about the relevance of particular themes at certain historical moments (and knowledge of some specific examples to back up your conclusions). It's not necessary to memorize everything that's ever happened to do well , so the content isn't as hard as it appears at first glance.

Whether you find the class difficult depends partially on your skills in writing and analysis. If you're good at those things, you'll probably find AP World History manageable. If you have trouble answering vague thematic questions and are more memorization-oriented, the class will likely be more of a struggle for you.

Do Students Think AP World History Is Hard?

Students typically find AP World History to be a medium-difficulty class, with relatively simple concepts but a significant workload . As mentioned in the previous section, it's more of a general overview of history compared to classes such as AP US History and AP European History. AP World History offers greater flexibility in answering essay questions, and it doesn't ask for specific facts as often. Once you have a handle on the main themes and how they connect key developments in history, you should be able to answer most questions that are thrown your way.

Still, there's no denying that there's a lot of material to cover. As a result, you'll have to do frequent readings and prepare for quizzes regularly. Even if you're not struggling to master the content, you'll still have to put in a significant amount of time and effort.

Most students take AP World History in 10th grade , meaning they're underclassmen who have less experience with AP classes. The fact that students are encouraged to take this class before classes such as AP US History (typically taken junior year) indicates that it's more of a basic foundational course .

Additionally, these younger students don't seem to think that World History is an extraordinarily hard class, further supporting our conclusions about the difficulty level being somewhere in the middle range.

This brings up an interesting discrepancy. Why do students think the class isn't that hard when so few of them end up earning a high score on the exam? Since this is one of the first AP classes most students take, history teachers might present them with in-class assignments that are less challenging than the material on the exam. The class is likely to be less thematically focused and more fact-based than the exam because the information is taught in smaller chunks.

Students also don't necessarily know the best way to prepare for the AP exam if it's one of the first ones they've seen. Even if they do practice with real AP materials, it's common to write practice essays without adhering to realistic time constraints or do practice questions that test factual recall instead of real analysis.

Will AP World History Be Hard for You?

After considering the general factors above, you should think about your specific situation. Every student has different strengths and weaknesses, and every school is different in its treatment of the AP World History course.

Here are a few steps you can take to find out exactly how hard AP World History will be for you.

#1: Ask Knowledgeable People about the Class

The most reliable way to figure out whether the class will be hard is to ask other students who've already taken it for their opinions. You can also ask your current history teacher what they think about the World History class at your school and whether they think it will be manageable for you.

You might even talk to your guidance counselor about your options, since they should have a good sense of how you might fare in the course based on their experiences with other students.

Every AP teacher does things slightly differently, so you shouldn't make broad assumptions about the difficulty level without taking your specific circumstances into account. Some teachers assign tons of projects and quizzes all the time, whereas others adopt a less intense style that's focused on larger long-term assignments.

#2: Think About Your Academic Strengths and Weaknesses

If you have strong skills in critical reading and writing, you'll likely find this class easier than someone who struggles with writing and prefers questions that have clearly defined answers. Strong English students shouldn't have much trouble getting through this class. As I've mentioned, memorization isn't as important as the ability to connect the themes of the course to events throughout history.

#3: Consider the Rest of Your Schedule

It might be harder for you to manage this class if you're also taking other classes that involve oodles of writing and memorization. It'd be a big challenge to take AP World History alongside another AP history class (US or European) or one of the AP English classes, just based on the sheer amount of work. But this also depends on the way the teacher at your school structures the class and how much work you can expect on a weekly basis.

Be mindful of your limits, and try not to overload yourself! Even a class that wouldn't be that hard for you normally can become overwhelming if you have to do the work on top of a million other assignments.

Conclusion: Is AP World History Hard?

Based on the factors examined in this article, AP World History is a medium-difficulty AP class, verging on slightly more difficult . The statistics indicate that the test is challenging, but it's also taken by a large number of students, many of whom are still underclassmen who aren't used to APs.

The actual content of the class is also not as hard as you might think. It's more about making sense of broad themes than actually remembering everything that's ever happened. Furthermore, with the big changes in content to the exam starting in 2020, students no longer have to worry about studying thousands upon thousands of years of human history.

All in all, you'll likely do fine in AP World History if you practice honing your writing skills and keep up with the homework assignments!

What's Next?

Looking for ways to practice your skills in AP World History? Check out this article that lists all the World History practice tests available online .

The document-based question is the scariest part of the AP World History exam for most students. Learn what the DBQ is and how you can prepare for it effectively .

Still not sure which AP classes you want to take in high school? This guide will help you decide which APs fit best with your goals and academic strengths .

Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Samantha is also passionate about art and graduated with honors from Dartmouth College as a Studio Art major in 2014. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar.

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