research topics in 5g

5G Technology Revolution Research Report 2022: 50 Key Disruptive Forces to Drive Digital Transformation - ResearchAndMarkets.com

DUBLIN--( BUSINESS WIRE )--The "5G Revolution - Key Disruptive Forces to Drive Digital Transformation" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

5G, the fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular data networks, is anticipated to radically improve wireless connectivity compared to existing 4G LTE networks.

Key features of 5G such as high speed, superior reliability, and negligible latency is likely to drive digital transformation into new realms. Using the publisher's Technology Foresights model, this report identifies 50+ disruptive forces in 5G to categorize them as emerging, accelerating, and maturing innovation areas based on their rate of growth in innovation.

It also casts light on key market activities of emerging innovation areas, such as 5G network slicing, 5G mmWave, and standalone 5G, on patent grants, key geographies, top players, and recent developments. The awareness, knowledge, and expertise on these innovation areas can help transform business models, decision-making, and strategic thinking that directly influence research and development, collaboration, acquisition, and investment decisions.

5G use cases, major drivers, top sectors adopting 5G technology, select innovation areas in 5G and their leading patent filers, and the disruptive potential of ten innovation areas as highlighted by patent trends, innovation drivers, recent developments, partnerships, and forecast for 5G technology.

• Key disruptive forces in 5G - presents the major drivers, use cases, major sectors adopting 5G, and emerging, accelerating, and maturing innovation areas with disruptive potential in 5G.
• Emerging innovation areas - overview of select emerging innovation areas to capture their disruptive potential, innovation drivers, recent developments, patents trends, partnerships, and disruptive startups.
• Outlook - 5G technology innovation intensity (TII) forecast till 2025 vs an average of 35 technologies.

Key Topics Covered:

1. Key disruptive forces in 5G

• Major drivers, key use cases, top sectors adopting 5G technology, S curve highlighting the emerging, accelerating, and maturing innovation areas, 3-year vs 1-year growth in patent grants for innovation areas, and innovation areas definitions, patent grants trend, and major patent filers.

2. Emerging innovation areas

• The disruptive potential of key innovation areas as highlighted by the underlying data signals involving patents, recent developments, strategic partnerships, game-changing innovations, and leading market players.
• 5G technology innovation intensity (TII) forecast till 2025 vs an average of 35 technologies.

Companies Mentioned

• Advanced Info Service
• China Mobile
• Far EasTone Telecommunications
• Hon Hai Precision
• InterDigital
• Jio Platforms
• Ligado Networks
• Mitsubishi Electric
• Net Insight
• Palo Alto Networks
• Pivotal Commware
• RED Technologies
• Rogers Communications
• Turk Telecom
• Vodafone Idea

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/3p26za

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A comprehensive survey 5G wireless communication systems: open issues, research challenges, channel estimation, multi carrier modulation and 5G applications

• Published: 12 June 2021
• Volume 80 , pages 28789–28827, ( 2021 )

Cite this article

• Nilofer Shaik 1 , 2 &
• Praveen Kumar Malik   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3433-8248 2  

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The fifth generation (5G) organize is required to help essentially enormous measure of versatile information traffic and immense number of remote associations. To accomplish better spectrum, energy-efficiency, as a nature of quality of service (QoS) in terms of delay, security and reliability is a requirement for several wireless connectivity. Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output (mMIMO) is a rising innovation for the 5G wireless communication systems. It can possibly give high spectral efficiency, improving link reliability and suit huge number of clients likewise focusing on the efficacy, accuracy and estimation of channel many channel estimations (CE) techniques are developed. Much of the time, the accentuation of most proposed CE schemes is to improve the CE performance and complexity for ensuring improved system throughput and quality signal reception. This article reviews mainly about 5G wireless communication systems that requires efficient channel estimation technique with an efficient candidate wave form. The article also reviews the architecture and design issues that are mere requirement for 5G wireless communication systems.

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Shaik, N., Malik, P.K. A comprehensive survey 5G wireless communication systems: open issues, research challenges, channel estimation, multi carrier modulation and 5G applications. Multimed Tools Appl 80 , 28789–28827 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-11128-z

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Received : 22 October 2020

Revised : 09 January 2021

Accepted : 03 June 2021

Published : 12 June 2021

Issue Date : August 2021

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-11128-z

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The rapid evolution of telecommunication technologies (5G and beyond) has paved the way for a new era of connectivity and communication supporting emerging applications including eXtended Reality (XR), telesurgery, autonomous vehicles, tactile Internet etc. The Research Topic on Next Generation Telecommunications aims to bring together cutting-edge research and insights making transformative impact of next generation telecommunication technologies for communities, industry, and Government. The goal of this collection is to provide a platform for the promotion of research by highlighting recent developments, encouraging researchers to contribute new insights and findings, and offering a comprehensive overview of the current research, methodologies, and theoretical frameworks in next generation telecommunication. The Research Topic invites contributions that explore a wide range of topics including, but not limited to: - Architectures, protocols, and emerging applications for 5G and beyond - mmWave communications and THz bands - Integration of Multi-Access Edge Computing with next generation telecommunications to enhance network performance and efficiency - Advances in Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualisation for network automation and orchestration - AI and machine learning techniques to optimize network performance, operations, and resource allocation - Cybersecurity challenges related to combined sensing, communications, and computing in 5G mmWave and UWB radio spectrum - Energy efficiency and green communications The Editorial team is interested in receiving original research papers, review articles (comprehensive or systematic literature review), and conceptual or theoretical papers.

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Private 5G Networks: Concepts, Architectures, and Research Landscape

Research output : Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

A private fifth generation (5G) network is a dedicated 5G network with enhanced communication characteristics, unified connectivity, optimized services, and customized security within a specific area. By subsuming the advantages of both public and non-public 5G networks, private 5G networks have found their applications across industry, business, utilities, and the public sector. As a promising accelerator for Industry 4.0, the concept of a private 5G network has recently attracted significant research attention from industry and academia. This article provides a comprehensive review of research on private 5G networks. Specifically, this paper first provides an overview of the concept and architecture of private 5G networks. It then discusses implementation issues and key enabling technologies for private 5G networks, followed by their more appealing use cases and existing real-life demonstrations. Finally, it examines some research challenges and future directions regarding private 5G networks.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

• Signal Processing
• Electrical and Electronic Engineering
• Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
• Industry 4.0
• non-public networks
• private networks

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• 10.1109/JSTSP.2021.3137669

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• Industry Engineering & Materials Science 100%
• Industry 4.0 Engineering & Materials Science 94%
• Particle accelerators Engineering & Materials Science 77%
• Demonstrations Engineering & Materials Science 62%
• Communication Engineering & Materials Science 38%

T1 - Private 5G Networks

T2 - Concepts, Architectures, and Research Landscape

AU - Wen, Miaowen

AU - Li, Qiang

AU - Kim, Kyeong Jin

AU - Lopez-Perez, David

AU - Dobre, Octavia

AU - Poor, H. Vincent

AU - Popovski, Petar

AU - Tsiftsis, Theodoros

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2007-2012 IEEE.

PY - 2022/1/1

Y1 - 2022/1/1

N2 - A private fifth generation (5G) network is a dedicated 5G network with enhanced communication characteristics, unified connectivity, optimized services, and customized security within a specific area. By subsuming the advantages of both public and non-public 5G networks, private 5G networks have found their applications across industry, business, utilities, and the public sector. As a promising accelerator for Industry 4.0, the concept of a private 5G network has recently attracted significant research attention from industry and academia. This article provides a comprehensive review of research on private 5G networks. Specifically, this paper first provides an overview of the concept and architecture of private 5G networks. It then discusses implementation issues and key enabling technologies for private 5G networks, followed by their more appealing use cases and existing real-life demonstrations. Finally, it examines some research challenges and future directions regarding private 5G networks.

AB - A private fifth generation (5G) network is a dedicated 5G network with enhanced communication characteristics, unified connectivity, optimized services, and customized security within a specific area. By subsuming the advantages of both public and non-public 5G networks, private 5G networks have found their applications across industry, business, utilities, and the public sector. As a promising accelerator for Industry 4.0, the concept of a private 5G network has recently attracted significant research attention from industry and academia. This article provides a comprehensive review of research on private 5G networks. Specifically, this paper first provides an overview of the concept and architecture of private 5G networks. It then discusses implementation issues and key enabling technologies for private 5G networks, followed by their more appealing use cases and existing real-life demonstrations. Finally, it examines some research challenges and future directions regarding private 5G networks.

KW - Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)

KW - Industry 4.0

KW - non-public networks

KW - private networks

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122064204&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85122064204&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/JSTSP.2021.3137669

DO - 10.1109/JSTSP.2021.3137669

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85122064204

SN - 1932-4553

JO - IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing

JF - IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing

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Publications, 5g advanced, publication date, december 2022, manuscript submission deadline, 25 june 2022, call for papers.

3GPP provided the specifications of 5G in Release 15. Releases 16 and 17 provided improvements to the system performance and supported the integration of new scenarios for verticals. The upcoming Release 18 will define “5G Advanced,” a milestone towards 6G. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) will be new key components of 5G Advanced. They got already introduced in Release 17 for network automation, but are expected to play a more prominent role for network and service management as well as orchestration in real- and non-real-time. It is expected that AI/ML will boost the performance in all layers of the network, particularly in the orchestration of the emerging technologies of the mobile core and Radio Access Network (RAN).  New services, such as Extended Reality (XR), will be considered together with the improvements of the 5G system.  Efforts will be also spent on improving further other existing services and features, such as network slicing, Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC), Non-Public Networks (NPN), Multicast and Broadcast Service (MBS), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB); and Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) integration.

Scope of Contributions

This Special Issue (SI) is intended to provide tutorial information and original research articles to the IEEE Communications Standards Magazine readers on 5G Advanced. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to):

• Enhancements to UAV with system and service aspects
• 5G System Support for AI/ML based services
• Architecture enhancements for XR and media services
• MEC Enhancements
• Enhanced support for non-public networks
• Technological enablers for network automation
• Enhancements for non-terrestrial networks and satellite access
• Privacy and security enhancements for 5G Advanced
• Network slicing enhancements
• NR coverage and mobility enhancements
• AI/ML for new generation RAN and O-RAN
• AI/ML and closed loop automation in 5G advanced core
• Life cycle management of AI/ML
• Network exposure capabilities towards verticals  
• Distribute ledge technology for the 5G Advanced
• Enhanced security towards zero trust
• Power saving enhancements
• Enhancements for enhanced Mobile Broadband
• Enhanced support for Industrial IoT and Digital Twin

Submission Guidelines

Manuscripts should conform to the standard format as indicated in the Information for Authors section of the Paper Submission Guidelines. All manuscripts to be considered for publication must be submitted by the deadline through Manuscript Central. Select “December 2022/5G Advanced” from the drop-down menu of Topic/Series titles.

Important Dates

Manuscript Submission Deadline: 31 May 2022 25 June 2022 (Extended Deadline) Decision Notification: 31 October 2022 Final Manuscript Due: 15 November 2022 Publication Date: December 2022

Guest Editors

Andreas Kunz Lenovo/Motorola Mobility

Tarik Taleb University of Oulu

George Alexandropoulos National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Konstantinos Samdanis Nokia

JaeSeung Song Sejong University

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What is 5G?

5G is the fifth generation of wireless network technology. The next global wireless standard after 4G, 5G enables a new kind of network that’s designed to deliver higher data speeds, lower latency, and support more users, devices, and services while simultaneously improving network efficiency.

5G supports three broad categories of use cases.

• Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) — High bandwidth services for wireless connectivity.
• Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) — Ultra reliable and low latency communication for critical requirements.
• Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) — Reliable communication for billions of sensors and monitoring devices.

Downlink peak data rates for 5G can reach up to 20 Gbps, which is 20 times faster than the 4G LTE peak speed of 1 Gbps. Similarly, 5G is expected to deliver a 10- to 100-fold increase in user experience data rates, support 10 to 100 times the number of connected devices that 4G supports, and feature super-low latency in the order of 1 millisecond (ms).

The 5G era will go beyond improved network performance and speed, delivering innovative new and enhanced connected experiences for users. 5G can improve business application performance while enabling new user experiences and services in areas such as augmented, virtual reality, and mixed reality applications (AR, VR, and MR), videoconferencing, industrial automation, self-driving cars, and connected medical devices.

What Problems Does 5G Solve?

Service providers will use 5G to handle ever-growing data traffic by significantly lowering the cost per bit. 5G also gives service providers an opportunity to prevent the decline in average revenue per user (ARPU) by enabling new 5G services for consumers, government, and enterprises.

Enterprises are expected to be biggest beneficiaries of 5G technologies, benefitting from improved productivity, agility, and scalability for their services. For example, the biggest change expected will most likely be in industrial automation, where factories will be served by wirelessly controlled robots. In these environments, even the smallest moving parts will be wirelessly tracked, operated, and managed along the production line.

Healthcare is another major focus vertical for 5G use cases. Remote surgery or connected ambulances will help save lives in areas where it’s impossible for doctors to reach. With 5G-driven capabilities, retailers will offer new experiences (for example, AR, VR, and MR) in trying, styling, and buying products, whether in brick and mortar stores or outside of stores.

On the consumer slide, cloud gaming is an emerging application for which heavy gaming clients are not needed, and games are directly rendered from the 5G network edge. AR and VR traffic is now roughly 20% of the traffic in some early 5G deployments. The use of Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) to provide 5G residential broadband services is also gaining traction.

On the government side, smart cities, utilities, and public safety agencies can benefit significantly from 5G capabilities. Connected cars and automotive solutions can contribute to safer roads and saving human lives.

How Does 5G Work?

5G requires new technology components to be able to meet the new capacity and latency requirements:

• New spectrum:  To achieve high data rates, 5G must be able to use new spectrum bands above 6 GHz, centimeter (cm) wave band (6 to 30 GHz) and millimeter (mm) wave bands (> 30 GHz). 5G will also be deployed in spectrum bands below 6 GHz. The low bands provide the coverage, and the higher bands provide capacity.
• Massive MIMO:  Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) is a method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link, using multiple transmission and receiving antennas. Massive MIMO, in contrast, is a MIMO system with an especially high number of antennas (for example, 8, 16, 64, 128, and so on). Massive MIMO increases spectral efficiency and network coverage.
• 5G New Radio (5G NR):  The new 5G radio access technology is 5G NR, developed by 3GPP for the 5G mobile network. 5G NR is based on ultra-lean design principles, reducing signaling and energy consumption. 5G NR is also designed with a flexible frame structure to efficiently multiplex diverse 5G services, as well as provide forward compatibility for future 5G services.
• Open RAN:  Open RAN stands for open radio access network. Specifically, Open RAN is an ongoing shift in mobile network architectures that enables service providers the use of non-proprietary subcomponents from a variety of vendors. Specific proprietary components like Baseband Units (BBU) and Remote Radio Head (RRH) are now disaggregated to centralized units (CU), distributed units (DU), and radio units (RU). With Open RAN, the new disaggregated functions can also be virtualized or containerized. The O-RAN Alliance takes it a step further by ensuring that the interfaces between these components are open and interoperable.
• 5G Core Network (5 GC):  As standardized by 3GPP, the 5GC is architected as a service-based architecture (SBA). All core network functions are implemented based on cloud-native principles, including separation of user plane and control planes, stateless network functions, open interfaces, and APIs. Core network functions can be easily deployed, updated, and scaled to launch new services at a lower cost.
• 5G transport:  Serving new 5G use cases such as eMBB, URLLC, mMTC needs a transport network that can handle not only a huge increase in traffic, but also the wide variety of network characteristics for each specific use case. It must meet the needs of a growing range of devices, services, and new business models. To enable massive capacity, transport networks should be capable of supporting 25G, N x 25G in the access/pre-aggregation layer, 100G, N x 100G in the aggregation layer, and up to 400G in the service provider core. In addition, the transport network needs to comply with stringent timing requirements to support latency of less than 10 ms.
• Network slicing:  With the use of network slicing, multiple independent end-to-end logical networks can be run on a shared physical infrastructure. Each slice can provide a specific quality of services (QoS) for a service or application. A network slice can span across multiple parts of the network (access network, core network, and transport network).
• Edge computing:  Computing, storage, and networking resources can move closer to subscribers and end-users with edge computing. The closer proximity improves response times and saves bandwidth. Edge computing, also known as edge cloud, can be deployed within customers premises, such as enterprises and factory floors, managed or hosted by a service provider.
• Telco cloud:  An open platform, telco cloud helps service providers avoid vendor lock-in, and it allows them to capitalize on a broad ecosystem of cloud-native functions that will enhance infrastructure, improve operations, and enable greater service velocity. Telco cloud enables service agility and rapid service innovation, giving service providers the ability to unleash a new wave of applications and services that will reinvigorate their business models.
• Security:  New attack surfaces arise with 5G, IoT, network slicing, and edge computing. Threats can come from anywhere, and they’re increasing in volume, frequency, and sophistication. If the existing security approach is not enhanced, 5G security can be a bottleneck to performance. Siloed systems and manual response are no longer effective. What’s needed is a connected approach that takes a comprehensive view of the network and the external ecosystem to become fully threat aware, dynamically adapting and enforcing security policies consistently throughout the network.
• Management and orchestration (MANO):  5G can significantly increase the number of connected end-user devices, nodes, and services within the network. It’s impossible to manage network operations manually at the required scale and quality. The only practical way to address the scale and complexity of future cloud and 5G networks is to automate operations, with full support for Open APIs to work in multivendor, multicloud environments, building continuous knowledge through AI and ML capabilities.

Pioneering 5G Network Technology

5G is part of the broader revolution that also embraces  cloud  and  automation  technologies to drive a more robust and sustainable platform for service providers. Juniper Networks believes 5G alone is not enough to drive service provider business transformation. In order to truly capture value and realize the possibilities that these technologies promise, service providers must consider  cloud ,  5G  , and  automation  collectively. These technologies build on each other and, in some cases, even depend on each other to work.

For example, many of the benefits of 5G cannot be optimized without cloudification of the infrastructure, whether it’s telco cloud and NFVI, distributed edge cloud, or functions that are virtualized, containerized (VNF/CNFs), or disaggregated. While 5G and cloud together deliver quantum leaps in scale, performance, and agility, they also create more operational complexity that can only be simplified and managed with network automation.

5G and cloud promise new experiences for consumers and enterprises. To thrive in today's 5G/multicloud services landscape, service providers need a strategy that simplifies network operation and delivers differentiated customer experiences. At Juniper, we refer to this as Experience-First Networking.

Our approach to Experience-First Networking for service providers focuses on three key solution areas: •    Scalable IP services fabric for efficient  IP Transport •    Cloud-first approach to simplifying  Telco  and  Edge Cloud •     Managed enterprise services  for assured service experiences

Each of these solution areas is underpinned by our experience enablers: •     Connected Security  safeguards users, devices, applications, and infrastructure •     Intelligent Automation  simplifies complexity for a better customer experience

What is the difference between 4G and 5G?

5G is designed to provide downlink peak data rates up to 20 Gbps, which is 20 times faster than the 4G LTE peak speed of 1 Gbps. Also, 5G is expected to deliver a 10- to 100-fold increase in user-experienced data rates, support 10 to 100 times the number of connected devices that 4G supports and feature super-low latency in the order of 1 millisecond (ms). 5G enables new innovative user experiences and services in areas such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) applications, industrial automation, self-driving cars, and connected medical devices.

Why do service providers need 5G?

Service providers will require 5G to handle the ever-growing data traffic by significantly lowering the cost per bit. 5G also offers service providers an opportunity to prevent the decline in average revenue per user (ARPU) by enabling new 5G services for consumers, government, and enterprises.

What complementary technologies are necessary to make 5G possible?

The following technologies assist in meeting the new capacity and latency requirements of 5G:

5G transport: 5G use cases require a transport network that can handle not only a huge increase in traffic, but also the wide variety of network characteristics for each specific use case.

Automated operations: 5G significantly increases the number of connected end-user devices, nodes, and services within the network. The only practical way to manage the scale and complexity of future cloud and 5G networks is to automate operations, by building continuous knowledge through artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) capabilities.

Network slicing: Through network slicing, multiple independent end-to-end logical networks can be run on a shared physical infrastructure with each slice capable of providing quality of service (QoS) for an individual service or application.

Telco cloud: An open telco cloud platform helps service providers avoid vendor lock-in and enables them to capitalize on a broad ecosystem of cloud-native functions to deliver new 5G applications and services.

Security: New attack surfaces arise with 5G, IoT, network slicing, and edge computing. A connected security approach is fully threat aware, taking a comprehensive view of the network and its external ecosystem, and dynamically adapting and enforcing security policies consistently throughout the network.

What 5G technology, solutions, and products does Juniper offer?

Juniper provides the key building blocks to help service providers transform their business with 5G through a combination of our own robust portfolio and strategic partner offerings:

• Scalable IP services fabric with network slicing for efficient IP Transport
• Cloud-first solutions for simplifying Telco and Edge Cloud
• Managed enterprise services for assured service experiences
• Intelligent Automation simplifies complexity for a better customer experience
• Connected Security safeguards users, devices, applications, and infrastructure

Big 5G Event: Cut through the commotion of network slicing

Related content, what is open ran.

An open radio access network (Open RAN) is a framework that allows service providers the use of non-proprietary, interoperable, and intelligent subcomponents.

What is Network Automation?

Network automation is the process of automating the planning, deployment, operations, and optimization of networks and their services. 

What is 400G?

400G is the next generation of cloud infrastructure. With a fourfold increase in maximum data transfer speed over 100G, 400G addresses the massive bandwidth demands being placed on network infrastructure providers.

• What is multi-access edge computing?
• 5G Networking

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Additional research areas in 5G technology

While research in battery technology remains important, researchers are also focusing their attention on a number of other areas of concern. This research is likewise aimed at meeting user expectations and realizing the full potential of 5G technology as it gains more footing in public and private sectors. 

Small cell research

For example, researchers are focusing on small cells to meet the much higher data capacity demands of 5G networks. As mobile carriers look to densify their networks, small cell research is leading the way toward a solution.

Small cells are low-powered radio access points that take the place of traditional wireless transmission systems or base stations. By making use of low-power and short-range transmissions in small geographic areas, small cells are particularly well suited for the rollout of high-frequency 5G. As such, small cells are likely to appear by the hundreds of thousands across the United States as cellular companies work to improve mobile communication for their subscribers. The faster small cell technology advances, the sooner consumers will have specific 5G devices connected to 5G-only Internet. 

Security-oriented research

Security is also quickly becoming a major area of focus amid the push for a global 5G rollout. Earlier iterations of cellular technology were based primarily on hardware. When voice and text were routed to separate physical devices, each device managed its own network security. There was network security for voice calls, network security for short message system (SMS), and so forth.

5G moves away from this by making everything more software based. In theory, this makes things less secure, as there are now more ways to attack the network. Originally, 5G did have some security layers built in at the federal level. Under the Obama administration, legislation mandating clearly defined security at the network stage passed. However, the Trump administration is looking to replace these security layers with its own “national spectrum strategy.”

With uncertainty about existing safeguards, the cybersecurity protections available to citizens and governments amid 5G rollout is a matter of critical importance. This is creating a market for new cybersecurity research and solutions—solutions that will be key to safely and securely realizing the true value of 5G wireless technology going forward.

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Institute for Telecommunication Sciences / Research / 5G / International Open RAN Symposia (IORS)

September 17- 19, 2024 in Boulder, Colorado

The International Open RAN Symposia (IORS) is a series of annual, multi-day symposia in support of a global effort to accelerate the adoption and deployment of interoperable Open Radio Access Networks (RAN). The goal of the symposia is to create a community of practice for consistent and repeatable Open RAN testing which includes existing or newly initiated testing laboratories, government partners, industry, and standards development organizations.

Participation

The National Telecommunications and Information Administration will spearhead the establishment of IORS, and will host the first symposium in Boulder, Colorado, USA, September 17–19, 2024.  We welcome participation from interested, like-minded companies and governments from around the world.

After the first symposium, NTIA will seek volunteers to host future in-person events. These symposia will be hosted at different venues around the world to enable a wide variety of participation.

The first symposium will include a technical track to examine testing procedures and a policy track to facilitate discussions on policy considerations for international Open RAN adoption.  The two tracks will come together at the end of the symposium to present their key conclusions and discuss next steps.

The first symposium will organize specific lab testing projects. Of particular interest are open, collaborative efforts that leverage resources from multiple organizations to establish general solutions, and collaborative testing efforts between labs in established countries and emerging economies.

Modal title

Hannover and over again—how the “5g only” message continues to hold back industrial wireless innovation, by andrew zignani | 2q 2024 | in-7332.

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Having last attended Hannover Messe in 2019, when the topic of 5G in industrial applications appeared to be on an upward trajectory, I arrived at the 2024 version of the “5G Arena” with an expectation of significant progress in terms of private 5G networks adoption, the formation of a 5G industrial device ecosystem, compelling examples of Return on Investment (ROI) driven by 5G industrial solutions, a closer relationship between Operational Technology (OT) and 5G technology providers, and a clear framework for accelerating the adoption and availability of 5G industrial equipment. At the same time, I had anticipated a more realistic acknowledgement that 5G would be incapable of solving all the challenges of OT environments by itself, and that industrial network providers would accept that multiple alternative wireless technologies will need to work alongside 5G in order to create the scalable, easy to deploy, secure, robust, and reliable connectivity necessary to deliver strong ROI and realize the promises of the myriad wireless applications of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). However, what I found was a surprisingly subdued 5G Arena, where despite taking up significant space, there appeared to be larger gaps between stands, and beyond a few products highlighted (mostly on the infrastructure side), very limited talk around real-world deployments, commercially available 5G devices, or how 5G is able to solve real-world challenges today. It was perhaps even more readily apparent, given the separation of the 5G arena from the rest of halls, of the continued disconnect between the potential of the technology and the willingness of end users to adopt it on a large scale. ABI Research has been highlighting this disconnect for the last 5 years, and this year, there appeared to finally be a realization that a “build it and they will come” approach is not sufficient for the industrial sector, and that perhaps 5G will not be the only wireless technology that can solve OT problems now, and in the future. However, to what extent are these failings being realized, and what can be done to continue to help solve these problems in the years to come?

There were a number of interesting panel sessions at the 5G Arena, ranging from updates on market adoption, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the role of multiple connectivity technologies, and discussions on private network rollouts, alongside the benefits and timelines around 6G and what it will mean for industrial settings. The tone of these sessions shifted from continued hype around the benefits of 5G as a solver of all industrial problems, to more realistic acknowledgment of challenges that 5G has faced in addressing industrial needs and the growing narrative that the technology is still very much in its early days of adoption and there is still a long road ahead for it to become a fundamental enabler of industrial digitization. Common issues that were raised included:

• The inability to take existing Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based infrastructure and devices into the industrial realm and expect it to perform, illustrating the limitations of real-world 5G deployments
• The lacking ecosystem of devices and solutions (particularly on the end node side)
• The need for tailored solutions, and challenges in matching 5G lifecycles and the longer 10 to 20-year life span of industrial equipment
• The cost of implementation and price of end nodes needing to drop in order to deliver ROI
• Unfulfilled promises due to delayed features in The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) releases
• The underestimation of the sheer complexity of industrial use cases requirements
• A focus on enhanced Mobile Broadband (MBB) use cases and solutions versus advanced capabilities and devices
• Delayed rollouts of private networks

For the most part, Wi-Fi, or an industrial Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), was presented as an inferior technology incapable of meeting mobility requirements or the stringent reliability and deterministic performance being demanded by the OT. However, it is also clear that current 5G has also been insufficient in meeting these requirements, and several panel sessions highlighted how current implementations of 5G networks are still not able to work in the industrial context, and that it is not deterministic to the extent that it is needed on the shop floor. Indeed, much of the discussion about cellular was still focused on enhanced coverage, rather than the more advanced functionalities of the technology. As highlighted in ABI Research’s Hannover Messe 2024 Key Takeaways whitepaper, 5G positioning was discussed as important to future innovation, but little was mentioned about commercial adoption of these solutions. Fraunhofer IIS was promoting its latest Nomadic 5G Positioning Testbed to enable end users to test 5G positioning capabilities on-premises before the arrival of commercial equipment. Ericsson, likewise, was demonstrating its 5G Precise Positioning Solutions, however, the performance is currently vastly inferior to that which can be provided by UWB vendors also at the show, including Siemens’ SIMATIC RTLS solution, and other Ultra-Wideband (UWB)-based Real-Time Location System (RTLS) solutions from Eliko, Woxu Wireless, Safeloc, Kinexon, and Pozyx. These vendors have spent years perfecting their technologies to be able to address the challenges of industrial environments, and while 5G positioning holds promise, real-world deployments that can compete with the accuracy of UWB will likely require extremely dense deployments of 5G anchor points comparable to UWB solutions today, increasing the overall cost of deployment.

There was finally some acknowledgement that 5G will never be deployed by itself, but instead will work alongside other technologies such as Wi-Fi, industrial Ethernet, and other technologies, including UWB for positioning purposes. However, despite extensive discussions about the future roadmap of 5G and even 6G, there was no discussion of what Wi-Fi 8 (Ultra High Reliability) will bring to the table, or how other technologies such as Wi-Fi HaLow can lower the cost of sensorization as an alternative to Reduced Capability (RedCap). This could partly be due to a significantly diminished presence of industrial WLAN vendors at the show compared to previous years.

At times, there were also contradictory messages. Some were arguing that 5G needs to be anchored to ROI in order to accelerate rollout, while others were arguing that connectivity is now such a necessity that cost is becoming almost irrelevant. Some were pointing toward RedCap as a problem solver in reducing the overall costs of end points, while others were suggesting that RedCap was still too new for widespread adoption, and it would be several years before larger-scale deployments of RedCap industrial sensors would emerge. Some were arguing that greater rollouts of private networks would accelerate the wider device ecosystem, while others pointed toward a chicken and egg scenario inhibiting the availability of end nodes.

With the new 6G logo being unveiled at the same time as Hannover Messe was running, there was a surprising amount of discussion at the show on what 6G will bring to the table. Several panelists joked that 6G will deliver what has been promised in 5G and that 6G would be 5G on steroids. Others framed it as the foundation of the next industrial revolution. However, several were quite frank in their assessment that there needs to be much closer integration between OT and technology providers from now onward and that while real-world industrial deployments are not expected until around 8 to 10 years from now, this work has to begin as soon as possible in order to meet the expectations of industry, address the complexity of industrial settings, and be realistic on what can be achieved when and how to achieve it. It is becoming clear that OT requires a clear roadmap and tailored end node products that can be deployed for decades or longer with consistent features and not a promise of something that may be achieved over time. More focus also needs to be on how to enable an ecosystem of infrastructure and end nodes that can scale effectively, as well as moving away from a purely technology-focused approach to one designed to fulfill OT requirements while solving business problems.

Much of the discussion has shifted to the upper layers and what AI can bring to the table. However, on a more fundamental level, these devices generating data all need some form of connectivity. In the future, they will also likely need to understand the context they are in, provided by high accuracy localization techniques, and be deployed to solve specific end-user challenges, while delivering ROI. These connectivity challenges still need to be overcome if AI in industrial environments is ever to reach its true potential, and renewed focus needs to be placed on the critical connectivity element.

Industrial network solution providers should look at how they can use multiple technologies to their benefit, rather than disparage non-cellular technologies in favor of a 5G at all costs approach. Alternative technologies such as industrial WLAN, UWB, Bluetooth®, and several others will all have a role to play across different applications, and often bring unique benefits, whether that be in terms of high localization accuracy, lower costs, lower power consumption, or other important metrics. 5G should be used where needed, and technology rollouts cannot be decoupled from ROI just because of the pressing need for data extraction and connectivity. Compelling solutions that maximize the best of multiple technologies to deliver integrated, holistic solutions to extract the most data will be vital in enabling key future use cases such as AI, the industrial metaverse, digital twins, highly accurate positioning, increased sensorization, greater mobility, and flexible production environments, alongside enhanced worker safety and efficiency. In addition to solving the disconnect between the OT and technology solution providers, there also needs to be a bridging element between multiple different technologies in order to create cost-effective, high performance, reliable, and secure industrial networks that can help transform a much wider range of industrial enterprises around the world and help create unified industrial architectures for next-generation use cases.  

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Telecom firms say 5G is transforming industries from farming to manufacturing as they build in security from the start

• Companies are leveraging 5G for faster speeds, expanded capabilities, and connectivity.
• Cybersecurity professionals at the RSA conference said security is crucial for 5G.
• This article is part of " 5G and Connectivity Playbook ," a series exploring some of our time's most important tech innovations.

Companies are already using 5G to transform their business models.

With 5G, organizations now have faster internet speeds, expanded capabilities, and an additional avenue of connectivity.

Across sectors, 5G has helped employees work remotely and allows companies to connect from factory floors, warehouses, and more. 5G also enables faster connections for tasks like remote surgery, better customer experiences for people living in remote areas, and agriculture work like driverless tractors. It has also presented a new challenge for cybersecurity.

Business Insider spoke with telecom providers and device makers at the RSA conference earlier this month in San Francisco. They shared how 5G is transforming businesses and security, and how much more is to come.

"I think 5G has impacted the overall state of security just because of the innovation it brings to us," Christine Gadsby, the vice president of product security at BlackBerry, said. "We have to keep track of innovation and make sure we can secure it. 5G is definitely an area where innovation if we're not careful, will outpace the reality of security and our ability to secure."

How 5G is transforming businesses

Telecom providers are using more 5G services within their companies and as business offerings. Large businesses present a big growth area.

Verizon's staff now have laptops with 5G SIM cards that can connect to 5G networks, Chris Novak, the senior director of cybersecurity consulting at Verizon Business, said.

"We take pride in making sure the network is secure and very reliable and something organizations can trust," Novak said.

Telecom companies can also provide private 5G networks to businesses, offering them low latency and high bandwidth to transfer large volumes of data securely. This is especially useful for industrial plants that may have limited WiFi connectivity.

For example, NTT, a Japanese telecom company, offers 5G services to consumers and private 5G services to businesses, particularly in the manufacturing and automotive industries. Businesses can customize these networks to include their security policies and capabilities.

"Because it's under your control, you manage it and you secure it the way you secure your other assets," Shahid Ahmed, a group EVP at NTT, said. "By its very nature of being private, under your control, and not being a public network, it's inherently much more secure."

Overall, customers are using 5G to become more efficient, Gadsby said.

"Customers are thinking about productivity," she said. "They want faster, cheaper, smarter. Customers are really out for quick, fast connection speeds."

5G provides better security

Cybersecurity professionals say that 5G was designed with security in mind from the start, and breaches have been uncommon so far. Businesses are also increasingly partnering with firms to build in cybersecurity from the start.

"Today when we look at it and see how it works, it very much continues to be the most secure thing we ever operated," Novak said.

Casey Ellis, the founder and chief strategy officer of the crowdsourced security company Bugcrowd, said that he's seen growing demand from telecommunications customers to get security feedback on 5G systems to identify vulnerabilities and improve their design architecture.

Earlier this year, Bugcrowd partnered with T-Mobile to hold a 5G Bug Bash, where developers hacked into 5G equipment, apps, and radio systems to find vulnerabilities. This allowed them to work with T-Mobile and other telecommunications companies to fix them.

"It's making sure the vulnerabilities are in the hands of folks that go off and fix the problem," Ellis said. "Usually what we'll do in a more technical or complicated domain is put the hackers that found the issue in touch with the fixer long-term so they can collaborate, not just finding the broken thing."

Managing risks

While connecting to a 5G network is more secure, the biggest risk with 5G is that hackers might gain access to connected devices. Increasingly, more cellular and Internet of Things devices are being connected to organizations' 5G networks, which means more opportunities for hackers if organizations don't properly manage their security.

Novak said some customers are worried because the technology is still relatively new, so they face some unknowns. He added that there's a significant gap between how fast a hacker can exploit vulnerabilities and how fast an organization can patch vulnerabilities.

That's why cybersecurity professionals say constant assessment is critical. Organizations should know what their assets are and lock them down to prevent data losses. They should have full visibility into what devices are connected to their networks and protect them by making sure they use a mature security provider.

In addition, organizations should understand what data is going in and out of devices connected to their networks and should examine traffic patterns for unusual or suspicious activity. Organizations should also make sure their 5G hardware and software are being mended if there are vulnerabilities.

With the rise of generative AI , AI cybersecurity tools can improve network quality and security and analyze network traffic.

"We're always looking at how we can make improvements and how we can make future iterations and updates more secure today," Novak said. "We're always continuing to evaluate what the threat landscape looks like. You don't know what vulnerabilities are out there until someone starts poking around and making it do things it wasn't supposed to do."

The future of 5G

The 5G transformation has not happened as fast as expected, nor has it been deployed at a large scale yet. Still, the cybersecurity landscape and threats in 5G will continue to evolve, Novak said.

Given geopolitical tensions between the US and China, the supply chain will continue to be a more crucial issue for 5G infrastructure.

At the same time, 5G will expand the cybersecurity market, and there's still plenty of room for new players to arise. In the future, more security companies could focus on 5G security for cars, airplanes, medical devices, and more. And in the next five to 10 years, 6G will become more common, Mihoko Matsubara, the chief cybersecurity strategist at NTT, said. She stressed the importance of raising awareness about cybersecurity in connected devices.

"We will see more companies, regardless of size or organization, using 5G as a natural tool for business operations," Matsubara said.

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