online phd in banking and finance

15 Best Online PhD in Finance Programs [2024 Guide]

Looking for Online PhD in Finance Programs? Some schools have no GRE and offer accelerated courses to help you finish faster.

A doctoral degree in finance may be your ticket to the career you’ve always wanted.

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This online finance degree can help you pursue an executive role or a teaching job related to accounting, banking, asset management, or financial policymaking.

Universities Offering Online PhD in Finance Programs

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

1. Capella University

With Capella University in Minnesota, students can study online to earn a DBA with a concentration in Accounting or a PhD in Business Management with a concentration in Accounting.

These programs are designed to help students learn about theories, methods, rules and ethical issues that influence accounting practice and consider the implications of practicing accounting within a global marketplace.

Before graduation, DBA students are expected to complete two residencies and submit a major research project. PhD students are expected to do three residencies and complete a dissertation.

Both programs use Capella’s GuidedPath format with weekly discussions and specific deadlines for submitting assignments.

• PhD in Accounting
• DBA in Accounting

Capella University  is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

2. City University of Seattle

When you study with City University of Seattle, you’ll have the opportunity to choose your own area of specialty for your DBA program.

Students who choose the Specialized Study concentration can submit a proposal for the graduate-level courses they would like to take as part of their studies.

If you’re interested in finance, you may be able to request courses on the topics of finance and accounting. During online classes, you’ll have opportunities to engage in live conversations with faculty.

You’ll be expected to submit a dissertation during your doctoral studies and complete three different residencies.

• DBA in Business Administration (Finance concentration)

The City University of Seattle is Accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

3. George Fox University

As you pursue a DBA with a concentration in Accounting from George Fox University, you may take classes like Advanced Applications of Ethical Reasoning and Compliance in Accounting and Advanced Topics in Accounting.

In addition, you’ll need to complete both a dissertation and a practicum for the program. During the practicum, you’ll have opportunities to try your hand at teaching or consulting.

Most of the work for this hybrid DBA program is online, but you’ll need to report to the school’s campus in Oregon a few times a year.

George Fox University  is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

4. Hampton University

If you’re interested in a PhD in Business Administration, check out Hampton University in Virginia. The program students to pursue a concentration in Accounting and Finance by taking multiple credit hours of elective courses.

These electives include classes like Financial Accounting and Reporting Research, Accounting Theory, Corporate and Financial Institutions, and Behavior Finance.

Students at this university take online courses during the traditional school year and come to campus for two summer residencies. This PhD program is appropriate for current professionals and for those straight out of a master’s program.

• PhD in Business Administration

Hampton U  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

5. Kansas State University

Do you believe that it is critical for individuals and families to have a solid financial plan for their future? If so, you may be interested in the PhD in Personal Financial Planning from Kansas State University.

You may choose to use this degree in the business world or spread your knowledge to others by working in an academic setting.

During the online doctoral program, you’ll need to come to the school’s Kansas campus for a few intensive sessions and go overseas to expand your knowledge about global markets. A dissertation is required for this program.

• Hybrid PhD in Personal Financial Planning

Kansas State University  is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

6. Liberty University

For those interested in numbers and money, Liberty University’s online DBA offers two concentration options: Accounting and Finance.

Both programs begin with the same core courses, but Accounting students take specialized classes like Accounting for Decision Making and Advanced Auditing while Finance students focus on classes like Managerial Finance and Advanced Financial Statement Analysis.

Whichever track you choose, you will need to take a comprehensive exam and complete a dissertation before graduation from this Virginia university. Accounting graduates often work as auditors or budget supervisors, and Finance graduates may choose to become treasurers or financial managers.

Liberty University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

7. National University

You can pursue a DBA or a PhD in Business Administration from National University. NU is a network of nonprofit institutions headquartered in San Diego, CA.

The school encourages students of either program to pursue high-level leadership positions, but the PhD program is research-based, and the DBA involves the application of research findings that are already available.

Specialization options for both PhD and DBA students include Financial Management and Advanced Accounting. All faculty hold doctoral degrees, and many tracks can be completed fully online. Dissertations are required for PhD programs.

• PhD in Business Administration – Advanced Accounting
• DBA in Financial Management
• DBA in Advanced Accounting

National University  is accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

8. Rutgers University

This university offers a PhD in Management; concentrations include Finance, Accounting or Accounting Information Systems. The concentration in finance offers courses like Investments, Corporate Finance, Theory of Corporate Disclosures, Control and Governance, and Econometrics.

The concentration in accounting offers courses like Current Topics in Auditing and Empirical Analysis of Financial Reporting. Students are expected to take a qualifying exam and defend a dissertation before graduating from these programs. The school recommends that students have master’s level education in mathematics, economics or computer science before applying for enrollment.

Rutgers University  is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

9. Sacred Heart University

Although Sacred Heart University does require DBA in Finance students to come to its Connecticut campus, the program is described as “low-residency,” and it is structured to fit the schedules of people who are already in the workforce.

Each student is part of a cohort that provides opportunities for networking and group projects. During the course of the program, students study topics like mathematics and global markets and choose electives like Fixed Income Securities or Portfolio Management.

Students are also required to submit a dissertation before graduation. The school’s DBA graduates often find work in government, academia, and corporations.

• DBA in Finance

SHU  is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.

10. Saint Leo University

You can get an online DBA from Saint Leo University in Florida. The program offers classes like Analytics for Decision Making, Organizational Behavior and Social Responsibility, and A History of Applied Management Theory. It can help you acquire research skills and learn how to apply your findings to real-world business applications.

Before graduation, you will be expected to take a comprehensive exam, defend a dissertation and complete a practicum. This DBA course of study is particularly well-suited for students who want to go into consulting, but the school’s graduates also teach, work as CFOs, manage organizations and become investment analysts.

• Doctor of Business Administration

Saint Leo University  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

11. Trident University

Whether you want to earn an online DBA or a PhD in Business Administration, you can pursue your degree from Trident University in California.

One available concentration for the PhD program is Accounting and Finance; students on that track study topics like auditing, global markets, corporation finance, and taxation.

The DBA is a generalist degree that doesn’t include specialization. If you go the PhD route, you’ll need to complete a dissertation, and if you choose a DBA, you will be expected to complete a doctoral study. To help you move through the online program, the university offers its Doctoral Positioning System tracker.

• PhD in Business Administration – Accounting

Trident University  is accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

12. University of Dallas

Students at the University of Dallas can earn a DBA through a mix of online classes and time on the school’s Texas campus.

This program is designed for those who already hold leadership positions in the business world and desire increased advancement, and its flexible nature helps working professionals earn their doctoral degrees while remaining in their current jobs.

This generalist program includes classes like Agile Organizations and Emerging Technologies. If you choose this university, you will be expected to join a colloquium and defend a dissertation and will have the option to complete a teaching practicum.

The University of Dallas  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

13. University of South Carolina

The Darla Moore School of Business at the University of South Carolina offers an on-campus program through which you can earn a PhD in Business Administration.

One available concentration for this program is Finance, and classes include Current Issues in Finance, Empirical Methods in Financial Research and Theory of Finance.

Faculty in this department have earned multiple recognitions, including the Alfred G. Smith, Jr. Excellence in Teaching Award and the Mortar Board Excellence in Teaching Award. A master’s degree is recommended before admission to the program, but it is not a requirement.

• Hybrid DBA in Business Administration – Finance

The University of South Carolina  is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

14. University of the Cumberlands

The PhD in Business program at the University of the Cumberlands takes business courses ranging from comparative economic and corporate finance to managerial ethics and responsibility. Students can choose one of their specialty areas like accounting, entrepreneurship, finance, etc. The Curriculum of this program will engage students in the theories, strategies, and tactics that they need to.

• PhD in Business (Finance concentration)

The University of the Cumberlands is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

15. Walden University

Whether you’re interested in DBA or a PhD, you can earn it from Walden University. The DBA program offers concentrations like Accounting and Finance. On the path to earning a DBA, you can complete a doctoral study, assemble a portfolio or take part in a consultation program in which you work with a local organization or company.

If you would prefer to earn a PhD in Management, you can select a 21st Century Finance concentration, which requires the completion of a dissertation. Both the DBA and PhD tracks can be completed through online study.

Walden  University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Online PhD in Finance Programs

If you have a particular area of interest within the world of finance, then you may want to select a corresponding degree concentration.

PhD in Finance

Phd in financial management, phd in financial planning.

A concentration can give you opportunities to take an array of courses designed to hone your knowledge on that particular topic.

If you are a numbers person, there’s a good chance that you like accounting just as much as you enjoy general financial topics. This concentration can allow you to explore both of these areas of study.

You might put this degree to work in corporate or academic settings. You may also be interested in an Online PhD in Accounting program .

Being in charge of a company’s financial resources requires a special set of managerial leadership skills. A concentration in financial management can help you gain those skills.

This concentration is designed to teach topics like building a solid financial strategy and navigating international markets.

Helping individuals do their best with their money is the goal behind a concentration in financial management.

This concentration can help train you to guide wise financial choices as you learn not only about asset management and investment growth but also about how to influence smart decision-making through relational know-how.

With a PhD Financial Planning degree, you may help others manage their money, lead a financial advisement company, or teach future finance students.

Doctorate in Finance Salary

Earning your doctoral degree in finance may open many career paths to you. Once you graduate with this degree, you may work in an academic setting, a nonprofit organization, the corporate world, or the public sector.

Here are a few jobs you may be able to look forward to, along with the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics job outlook and average salary information.

Budget Analyst

Budget analysts are responsible for setting an organization’s budget and helping the company stick to it.

• Outlook for job growth: 5% increase
• Median salary per year: $78,970

This may be an enjoyable career path for those who want to understand all facets of a company – tracking and justifying where each penny goes. Budget analysts make recommendations for investment and expenditure to boost their company’s profitability.

Financial Analyst

Financial analysts are responsible for paying attention to the market in order to make recommendations on how people or businesses should invest their resources.

• Outlook for job growth: 6% increase
• Median salary per year: $83,660

Rather than monitoring their business or organization, they monitor the economy as a whole. This career may be ideal for those who find financial markets interesting and have a deep understanding of investments.

Personal Financial Advisor

Consider this career path if you want the satisfaction of knowing that you’re helping others plan for their futures.

• Median salary per year: $89,330

You might also need to have a knack for marketing and sales as you attract and welcome new clients to your firm. In this role, you might work for a successful money management company or start your own practice.

Finance Professor

You may be able to pass your knowledge onto others by teaching students at the university level.

• Outlook for job growth: 7% increase
• Median salary per year: $88,010

Like many careers, you’ll need more than knowledge of the financial sector to be successful in this position. You’ll need organization and communication skills to be able to teach effectively. You’ll also need to be willing to prove your teaching effectiveness to your department via annual reviews.

If you enjoy teaching, researching, and discussing business, you may find yourself quite at home among the faculty of a business college.

Curriculum for Finance PhD Programs

Similar to a MBA in finance or online master’s in finance , when pursuing an advanced degree in finance, you’ll likely take a variety of courses designed to equip you with a thorough understanding of financial matters and how they relate to decision-making for individuals and businesses.

Your classes may include:

• Accounting and Control for Nonprofit Organizations
• Business Ethics
• Business Valuation
• Data Analysis for Investments
• Financial Management for International Business
• Human Resource Development
• Investment Portfolio Analysis
• Managerial Finance
• Mathematical Foundations for Finance
• Mergers & Acquisitions
• Money, Capital Markets & Economic Growth
• Quantitative Research Design & Methodology
• Real Estate Finance
• Real Option Valuation
• Risk Management
• Strategic Thinking for Decision-Making
• Stochastic Foundations of Finance

Since your program will likely encourage you to take a mix of both foundational classes and specialized electives, the coursework listed above includes both core classes and electives. Your PhD in finance requirements may also include a dissertation or capstone project. A growing number of doctorate programs have no dissertation required , but these tend to be professional doctorates, not PhDs.

Choose programs with a capstone project if you’d like to finish your degree faster. Dissertations can often take 2-3 years more to complete after you finish your coursework.

DBA in Finance vs. PhD in Finance

When you have your sights set on a finance degree, there are two different doctoral routes you can take. You could earn a doctorate of business administration (DBA) in finance or pursue a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in finance.

Although you can learn a great deal about numbers, money, and economics either way, the two different degrees will likely set you on divergent career tracks.

People often choose a professional doctorate, such as a DBA in Finance, if they want to put their education to work in the field — for example, working on Wall Street or in a Fortune 500 company.

A DBA in Finance:

• Is typically pursued by those who want to stay with their current company or work for another corporation.
• May involve drawing from others’ data and research for the culminating project.
• Is often pursued by those with several years of professional experience.

A PhD in finance is often pursued by people who want to work in an academic setting. You may find that a PhD program focuses more on the theoretical aspects of finance than the practical ones.

A PhD in Finance:

• Is typically pursued by people who want to conduct research, get published or teach.
• Typically requires conducting original research.
• May be good for those straight out of school, such as recent graduates of a master’s in finance or master’s in accounting program.

Think about what you want to do for your career, then choose the degree that best fits those goals.

Online vs. Traditional Finance Degree

When it comes to online versus traditional finance doctoral programs, the main difference is the format through which the material is presented. The content should remain about the same, and the rigors of the program likely will as well.

You may choose a fully online program, an on-campus one, or a hybrid mix.

Accreditation for a Doctorate in Finance Online

Universities receive accreditation as proof that their programs provide a thorough educational experience for students. Therefore, when you’re looking for a doctor of finance program, the school’s accreditation should be the first thing that you consider.

Reputable universities receive accreditation from a regional accrediting agency . These organizations give a broad stamp of approval to the entire school rather than to its individual programs. It is essential that you enroll in a school with regional accreditation.

In addition, there are several national and international organizations that provide accreditation specifically for business programs. Although this type of accreditation may not be absolutely essential, it’s certainly a valuable sign that the program is thorough, reputable, and excellent in quality.

A finance program may be accredited by:

• Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP)
• Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB)
• International Assembly for Collegiate Business Education (IACBE)

The top finance PhD programs are accredited both regionally and programmatically by one of these specialty boards. You can find your chosen university’s accreditation by searching the US Department of Education’s accreditation database .

Financial Aid for a Finance Degree

As you begin looking into finance PhD programs, don’t forget to also look into financial aid opportunities. At the doctorate level, you may still be eligible for federal financial aid as well as fellowships and scholarships from universities and scholarships from private organizations.

Your employer might even have tuition assistance programs available.

Can I Get My PhD Online?

Yes, many universities offer online PhD and professional doctorate programs. This includes doctoral degrees in finance, public health, education, nursing, and organizational leadership.

This approach can help you earn your advanced degree in a format that fits your schedule.

Is an Online PhD Respected and Credible?

In an online program, you should have to work just as hard as you do in an on-campus program. Additionally, your official records are unlikely to specify how you earned your degree.

The important thing is not the format in which you completed your coursework but whether you attended an accredited university.

Are There Any Online PhD In Finance Programs?

Earning a doctoral degree in finance doesn’t have to require moving onto campus or uprooting your whole life. Rather, there are programs for a DBA or PhD in finance online.

In these programs, you can engage in a computer-based educational experience as you work toward your degree.

Getting Your PhD in Finance Online

To take your finance education to the highest level, you may want to pursue a doctoral degree in this field, whether a PhD or a DBA.

Completing your coursework online can help you receive a solid education in a format that fits your lifestyle and prepare you for the next step on your career path.

Use the above list of schools to narrow down the finance PhD programs for you.

Related Guides:

• Best Online Masters in Finance No GMAT
• Finance vs. Accounting – What’s the Difference?

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Finance Department | PhD Program

Phd program.

Our faculty, ranked #1 worldwide based on publications in top finance journals (ASU Finance Rankings), consists of more than 30 researchers who study all major areas of finance, making it one of the largest finance faculty in the country. Stern’s finance faculty is highly rated in terms of research output, and faculty members sit on the editorial boards of all major finance journals.

The finance department offers an exceptionally large range of courses devoted exclusively to PhD students. Apart from core PhD courses in asset pricing and corporate finance, students can choose from a range of electives such as household finance, macro-finance, and financial intermediation. PhD students also enjoy the benefits of Stern’s economics department, NYU’s economics department in the Graduate School of Arts and Science (GSAS), and the Courant Institute of Mathematics.

Graduates of Stern’s Finance PhD program have been placed at leading research institutions such as Harvard, MIT, Chicago, Stanford, Wharton, Yale, and UCLA.

Holger Mueller , Finance PhD coordinator

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Wharton’s PhD program in Finance provides students with a solid foundation in the theoretical and empirical tools of modern finance, drawing heavily on the discipline of economics.

The department prepares students for careers in research and teaching at the world’s leading academic institutions, focusing on Asset Pricing and Portfolio Management, Corporate Finance, International Finance, Financial Institutions and Macroeconomics.

Wharton’s Finance faculty, widely recognized as the finest in the world, has been at the forefront of several areas of research. For example, members of the faculty have led modern innovations in theories of portfolio choice and savings behavior, which have significantly impacted the asset pricing techniques used by researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Another example is the contribution by faculty members to the analysis of financial institutions and markets, which is fundamental to our understanding of the trade-offs between economic systems and their implications for financial fragility and crises.

Faculty research, both empirical and theoretical, includes such areas as:

• Structure of financial markets
• Formation and behavior of financial asset prices
• Banking and monetary systems
• Corporate control and capital structure
• Saving and capital formation
• International financial markets

Candidates with undergraduate training in economics, mathematics, engineering, statistics, and other quantitative disciplines have an ideal background for doctoral studies in this field.

Effective 2023, The Wharton Finance PhD Program is now STEM certified.

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2024 Best Online PhD in Finance Programs [Doctorate Guide]

An online PhD in Finance offers the opportunity to study finance and economics at the highest level.

You can learn how to use financial models and theories to develop a deeper understanding of economic systems and solve business problems. Finance PhD degrees also teach students to conduct quantitative research on financial networks and policies.

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Graduates can use their knowledge and skills to pursue careers in a variety of areas, including academia, business consulting, data science, finance, and the public sector.

PhD in Finance Programs Online

A Ph.D. in Finance is designed for people who want to immerse themselves in academic research and theory. This degree focuses on advanced financial models and concepts used to explain and forecast the performance of the economy, financial institutions, investments, and other aspects of modern finance.

Doctoral students in this field also study approaches and techniques for conducting empirical research. Students practice collecting and interpreting data from a variety of sources, such as consumer surveys and income statements. They also use econometrics to statistically analyze financial data and trends.

Other topics commonly taught in finance doctoral programs include:

• Asset pricing
• Banking systems
• Corporate finance and capital markets
• Empirical analysis
• Financial decision-making
• Financial markets
• International financial topics
• Macroeconomics
• Market design
• Microeconomics
• Time series analysis

Additionally, students can develop many technical skills related to financial research. For instance, finance PhD programs often encourage students to use programming languages like Python and R to extract and analyze data. Students may also learn to use the latest digital tools to interpret data and create financial models, such as MATLAB and Stata.

Graduates can use their finance PhD degrees to pursue a broad range of careers. Many students enroll in these programs because they want to work in higher education. They may use their specialized knowledge to become professors and academic researchers.

The private sector also provides many employment opportunities for PhD holders. All organizations need business-savvy professionals who can manage financial resources, make predictions, and formulate financial strategies. As a result, there are numerous finance-related jobs in all industries.

Graduates may also secure jobs with nonprofit organizations. Some work as grant writers, while others become policy analysts. Other potential careers in this sector include development officer and program manager. These roles all focus on helping nonprofit organizations generate more income and solve economic or social issues.

Finally, this degree can be beneficial for people who want to become consultants or entrepreneurs. You can learn business tactics and skills that you can use to help clients perform better or to launch your own company.

Finance Careers & Salaries

A doctoral degree in finance can pave the way for many career paths. Many graduates pursue careers as college professors in business, economics, and finance departments. These professionals teach students and publish research in their area of specialty.

Additionally, many graduates secure employment with private corporations and financial institutions, including banks, credit unions, and investment firms. They can become actuaries, cost estimators, financial analysts, and other finance professionals.

These specialists use the advanced knowledge and research skills they gained during their PhD programs to analyze financial data and help corporations make data-driven business decisions.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , here are careers associated with finance and their median salaries.

Some graduates become financial analysts and researchers for government agencies and think tanks. They often help their employers develop and explore the implications of economic policies, political strategies, and social policies. Graduates can also work for or start consulting firms.

Business and management consultants examine their clients’ financial records and operations. They use their findings to identify inefficient workflows and other issues and make recommendations to help businesses improve their performance.

Online Finance PhD Curriculum & Courses

Finance PhD programs teach advanced finance concepts and research skills. The specific curricula vary by program but may include courses similar to these:

• Empirical Methodology in Finance : You’ll learn how to use popular empirical research methods to investigate and solve issues in the finance industry.
• Financial Economics : This course analyzes foundational theories and applications of modern financial economics, such as arbitrage pricing theory, mean variance theory, and stochastic dominance.
• Financial and Economic Networks : You’ll use empirical and theoretical research methodologies to deepen your understanding of financial modeling and networks.
• Household Finance : You’ll explore recent empirical research projects in household finance and learn strategies to gather and analyze data.
• International Finance : This class traces the history of academic research on international finance and covers techniques students can use to conduct research in this field.
• Introduction to Asset Pricing : You’ll investigate how finance institutions use asset pricing models to predict the expected rate of return for investments.
• Introduction to Corporate Finance : You’ll learn how to create, interpret, and conduct quantitative research with corporate finance models.
• Macro-Finance : You’ll examine fundamental areas and methods in macro-finance, such as asset pricing, fiscal policy, and household finance.
• Microeconomics : This course overviews applications and theories of microeconomics, including aggregated demand and general equilibrium analysis.
• Theories of Finance : You’ll study contemporary financial theories and their relationship to asset pricing, corporate finance, and financial markets.

Additionally, many programs require finance PhD students to take courses in statistics and probability.

How to Choose an Online PhD in Finance Program

All finance PhD programs have different educational opportunities, learning environments, and resources. As a result, there are many factors to consider as you compare finance degree online programs, such as:

• Program reputation . Employers often look more favorably at job candidates who graduated from high-ranking institutions with excellent reputations. Additionally, attending a top program could provide more opportunities to develop a robust professional network in your chosen area.
• Research areas . Doctoral students typically research and write about specific topics or subfields that align with their personal and professional interests. It’s beneficial to look for a program with well-known faculty specializing in your chosen areas, such as corporate governance or behavioral finance. These professors can guide your research and connect you with resources.
• Funding opportunities . Some PhD programs in finance offer full or partial funding for qualifying students. You might qualify to receive a tuition waiver, a stipend to cover conference travel, and other financial assistance. You can also inquire about additional funding opportunities, such as grants and scholarships from the college.
• Course format . The specific mode of delivery for online courses varies. Some programs offer synchronous online classes, which allow you to interact with professors and peers over video chat. Others have asynchronous courses that you complete on your own schedule.

Additionally, you can ask a program’s staff if they have current students or recent alumni willing to speak with you. These informal conversations can help you get a better sense of the program’s culture and strengths and weaknesses.

Admissions Requirements

Many PhD programs in finance only admit a limited number of students each year, so the admissions process can be competitive.

Every institution has its own admissions criteria, but here are a few typical requirements:

• Bachelor’s or master’s degree in related field
• Statement of purpose describing your interests, goals, and reasons for applying
• CV listing education, work experience, applicable skills, and volunteer activities
• Confidential letters of recommendation
• Official transcripts

Some colleges and universities also request GMAT or GRE scores, but many programs are phasing out this requirement.

Online PhD in Finance Programs Accreditation

Accreditation is an essential factor to consider as you compare finance doctoral programs, much like when considering an MBA in Finance online or on campus programs. Colleges and universities can earn regional accreditation if an external regional accreditor assesses their programs and faculty and verifies that they meet agreed-upon educational standards.

Accredited programs offer professional and academic benefits. Employers often prefer to hire graduates from accredited schools because they know these candidates have received a quality education. Accredited doctoral programs typically provide access to student support services, such as online library databases and career centers.

Plus, many government agencies and private organizations only distribute financial assistance to students enrolled at accredited institutions.

Financial Aid and Scholarships

As you investigate finance PhD programs, you can also search for financial aid opportunities to help pay for your degree.

Many doctoral programs offer full funding for qualified students. These funding packages could include a stipend, tuition waiver, and health insurance. Students may need to work as a teaching or research assistant in exchange for this funding. Also, they are typically required to maintain a certain GPA and meet program milestones.

The federal government also offers several types of financial assistance for graduate students. You may be eligible for federal grants, student loans, or a part-time work-study program. You can learn more about these opportunities by visiting the Federal Student Aid website.

In addition, many employer offer financial support for workers who want to further their education. You can ask your supervisor about any tuition assistance or reimbursement opportunities.

What Can You Do with a PhD in Finance?

A doctoral degree in finance can help you qualify for many lucrative careers. Many graduates use their expertise and research skills to secure positions as postsecondary teachers.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the demand for this career will increase by 12% over the next decade. Additionally, a PhD in Finance can help prepare you for numerous jobs in business and finance. Some graduates become financial managers and oversee their organization’s investments and revenue.

Finance is a good career path for many students. Other potential career paths in the finance industry include financial examiner, chief financial officer (CFO), management analyst, and operations research analyst. These positions focus on data analytics and strategic decision-making.

Should I Get a PhD in Finance?

Finance PhD degrees tend to be rigorous and involve extensive research and writing.

Here are a few signs that this degree could be the right fit:

• Your preferred career requires a terminal degree in the field.
• You enjoy studying economics, mathematics, and statistics.
• You want to become an expert in financial systems and theories.
• You’re passionate about researching topics in business and finance.
• You want to publish your research for academic audiences.
• You’re interested in teaching students.

If some of these criteria apply to you, a doctoral degree in finance could be a strategic next step.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Finance Online?

Most PhD programs in finance take 3 to 5 years to complete if you enroll full-time. But several factors can affect how long it takes you to graduate.

Programs that require a dissertation typically take longer. Many students spend a total of 5 years—including 3 years completing coursework and 2 years writing their dissertation. Some students take longer, though, to finish their dissertations, extending the length of their program.

Doctorate programs that don’t require a dissertation may be completed in 3 to 4 years if students are enrolled full-time.

What’s the Difference Between a DBA vs. PhD in Finance?

A Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) and a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) are both terminal degrees in finance, but they have a few crucial differences.

A PhD could be a strategic choice if you’re passionate about research and teaching.

Is a PhD in Finance Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in Finance is worth it for many students. This degree allows you to develop a deeper understanding of economics, financial markets, and investment techniques. You’ll also learn how to identify business problems and mitigate risk.

In addition, a doctorate in finance enables you to develop expertise in specific areas of finance. For instance, you could specialize in behavioral finance, econometrics, or financial technologies. Expertise in these fields could lead to career paths in academic institutions, corporations, tech startups, and other organizations.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that overall employment of business and finance professionals will increase by 7% over the next ten years, and 12% job growth is projected for postsecondary teachers.

Universities Offering Online Doctorate in Finance Degree Programs

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

A Doctorate in Personal Financial Planning is available through Kansas State University. The program is 1 of only 4 in the country recognized by the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards. Coursework is completed online during the fall and spring. There are three summer residencies, lasting 10 days each. The final residency is abroad. Kansas State University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

National University offers a PhD in Business Administration with a concentration in Financial Management. The program may be completed entirely online. On average, the required 60 credits may be completed in 73 months. Courses are 4 to 8 weeks long. The school offers weekly start dates. National University is accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

A Doctorate of Professional Studies with a concentration in Finance may be earned through Pace University. Coursework is completed online with Friday sessions on campus once per month. Courses follow a semester schedule. Typically, the 19 required courses may be completed in 3 years. Pace University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Texas Tech University offers a PhD in Personal Financial Planning. The program is available fully online or on campus. The program requires 72 credits. Courses follow a semester schedule with 3 start dates. Upon completion, graduates may be eligible to take the CFP Certification exam. Texas Tech University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

A PhD in Business with a specialization in Finance through the University of the Cumberlands. Coursework is online with fieldwork or an internship required. The program requires 66 credits including 24 hours in professional research and 24 hours in Finance. Courses are in half- or full-terms. The University of the Cumberlands is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Walden University offers a PhD in Management with a specialization in 21st Century Finance. The program is fully online and requires 4 brief academic residencies. The program is course-based with weekly assignments. Most courses are asynchronous in format. Courses are in an accelerated format with several start dates each year. Walden is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Getting Your Doctorate in Finance Online

If you want to study and help solve complex business and financial problems, you might consider earning an online PhD in Finance.

Finance doctoral programs teach students about asset planning, financial models, regulations, and other topics. They also cover empirical research skills, such as creating surveys and managing datasets. Graduates apply their knowledge in many positions. Some become college professors, while others pursue roles as financial managers, consultants, and marketing analysts.

You can kickstart your doctoral journey by exploring online finance PhD programs from accredited schools today.

Top Online PhDs in Finance

Find your degree.

Students studying in Finance will cover a broad range of topics that are designed to provide them with a strong foundation on which to build a successful career. Some of the types of classes that a Finance program will cover include classes on such topics as International Finance, Financial Risk and Mitigation, Financial Planning, Financial Markets, Macroeconomics, Microeconomics, Investing and Global Financing among others. Additionally, students may choose to pursue a more tailor-suited degree path for specializing in areas such as Financial Planning Emphasis, Real Estate Emphasis, Corporate Finance Emphasis, and Financial Services Emphasis. Depending on whether or not you choose to have more specialized education, you could take more focused courses as opposed to just the broader topics that you will have to complete in order to satisfy the requirements of a generalized Finance degree program’s curriculum.

Earning a PhD in Finance Online

By completing a PhD in Finance online , you will be provided with the necessary skills and knowledge that will be required to pursue a top career in the field of Finance. A PhD in Finance program that is available online is arguably one the best ways to obtain the upper hand to jumpstart your career in Finance, as it is an incredibly flexible way to obtain a degree, and is often significantly more affordable when compared to a more traditional in-person degree program that will require you to not only live near the university that you desire to become an alumni of but will also have many more costs that you might not first consider. These costs include the cost of travel, the cost of physical textbooks, and paying for the space that is required in a physical classroom.

Due to the flexibility and cost efficiency of enrolling in an online PhD in Finance program, you will have much less to worry about than your peers that chose to attend an on-campus Finance degree program, allowing you to better focus on your education. This will allow you to make the absolute most of your Finance education. Due to this, you are more apt to have an edge on your peers when it comes time to start applying for those most oft sought-after positions in the field of Finance. This will be a great benefit to you, as you will be able to offer the employers that are seeking the best-of-the-best exactly what they are looking for in an employee.

Additionally, by choosing to enroll in a PhD program in Finance, you will be able to better tailor your education to not only your lifestyle but to your professional desires as well. This is due to the fact that–with the huge amount of flexibility that an online degree program offers–you will be able to supplement your education with various online courses that will greatly benefit you as a Finance major, such as taking courses that have a greater focus on Sociology, Socioeconomics, Psychology and Technical Writing. All of these courses can greatly benefit a Finance major and can often be more difficult to find time for these courses while attending more traditional on-campus courses.

Methodology

To rank the best online PhDs in Finance, we started by collecting a list of schools that met a few initial ranking criteria. Due to the lack of relevant programs, any school that offered a doctoral program in finance in an online or blended format was considered. Those schools must also be based in the United States, hold proper accreditation, and must not operate in a for-profit manner.

Each school on the list was then scored according to the following.

• Freshman Retention Rate (⅓ of final score)
• Graduate Rate (⅓ of final score)
• Affordability (⅓ of final score)

Each school could receive a maximum of 300 points. They are presented according to the final score they received below. All of the information used to score and discuss the degree programs was collected from the website of each school whenever it was available. Additional resources such as the National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. News & World Report , Niche.com, and Collegedata.com were also used. If sufficient data could not be found, a school could have been omitted that would have otherwise placed among these programs.

We are confident that our methodology is thorough and clear and that these results are repeatable. No school is ever given preferential treatment in our rankings for any reason. Some schools may not appear in our rankings per their own request.

Doctor of Business Administration in Finance

Liberty University offers an online DBA in Finance that you can take entirely online. There are no on-campus requirements associated with the program, which consists of 60 credits in total. The university has a generous transfer policy that allows you to bring in as much as 15 credits to apply towards your degree and the classes are condensed down to eight weeks each. These two factors contribute to the accelerated rate at which you could graduate; most students finish the program in three years.

This online doctorate in finance is great for online students because it is supremely flexible. There are six start dates to choose from throughout the year, and all of the courses are presented asynchronously. This is a degree that you can truly earn on your own time. You will also have access to a wide variety of resources provided by Liberty and be able to benefit from financial aid. Liberty University has also frozen their tuition so rates will not increase while you’re there.

The finance specialization will prepare you for jobs as a financial manager, a chief sustainability officer, treasurer, and controller, and more. You will also be able to conduct research as you study that aligns with your goals and can help bolster your resume. On top of business and research classes, you’ll take courses in finance like Managerial Finance, Business Valuation, Mergers and Acquisitions, and Investments and Derivatives, among others.

Doctor of Business Administration with a Concentration in Finance

The online DBA in Finance offered at the City University of Seattle is designed specifically for professionals. It is designed to help you advance your goals without disrupting your professional life, and it is very flexible. There are 91 required credits in total, and you can earn your degree almost entirely online. There are three required residencies throughout the program; there are also optional onsite courses and activities for those of you who would like to travel to campus more frequently.

The program uses a blend of asynchronous and synchronous components. You will complete various readings and assignments on your own, and there is a live meeting every other week where you will interact with your professor and the other students in your cohort. CityU uses Blackboard to deliver their classes. You can finish this program in three or four years time depending on things like transfer credits, the pace at which you study, and the time it will take you to complete your dissertation.

One thing that is unique about this DBA is that there are no pre-constructed programs of study for particular concentrations. Instead, you work closely with an academic advisor to create a program that meets your needs. The curriculum will include your concentration courses, as well as a business administration core and a research core. The program will culminate in a dissertation.

What Is a Degree in Finance?

At the associate level, there are not a lot of finance programs, but a business administration degree will cover some of the basics in finance like Macroeconomics, Microeconomics, and Principles of Financial Management. This type of degree will provide you with a very fundamental understanding of finance and can help you land entry-level jobs; however, most organizations prefer at least a bachelor’s degree.

A bachelor’s degree in finance is where you will be able to really start to get your head in the game. This type of degree will get you employment ready, and you will take courses that teach you how to use financial management tools, analyze markets, understand the concepts of investment practices, and more. Some of the courses you may encounter while you’re earning a bachelors degree in finance include Capital Planning, Asset and Debt Management, and Financial Analysis.

A Master of Finance or an MBA in Finance are where you really start to be able to specialize your education and study the areas of finance that you are most interested in. Upper-level positions tend to require this degree as a minimum for consideration for the job. There is a higher emphasis placed on strategy at this level, and you will dig even deeper with courses like Economics for Global Management, Theory of Corporate Finance, Derivatives, and Corporate Governance.

Doctorate degrees put you ahead of the pack because they are the highest academic degrees in any given field. A doctorate degree in finance prepares you for very high-level careers, teaching positions, entrepreneurship, and more. They also focus more on the business management side of things as well as developing strong research skills. Courses may include Organizational Psychology, Fiscal Leadership in a Global Environment, Personal Income Taxation, Money and Relationships, and Introduction to Financial Therapy.

How Hard is a Finance Degree?

There may be some tough courses along the way. Accounting is a very technical field, and you will have to cover some of that material. You are also likely to have to take statistics courses, algebra, business calculus, probability, or some similar list. There is not a lot of math required, but it is a strong component of the curriculum, and some people just struggle with numbers. You may have to take extra time to study or really push yourself, but it is absolutely worth it to reach your career goals.

Of course, maybe you love math and won’t have any trouble at all! Other complex topics you’ll study include economic theory, analytics, and some psychology courses, among others. How difficult the degree is for you to earn depends on how your brain works. The main thing to remember is that your only limit is yourself when it comes to meeting your goals. If you are struggling academically, plenty of colleges offer student support programs to help you out. In addition, there are thousands of resources online, including free ones, that can give you the boost you need to stay on track.

Accounting or Finance Degree: Which is Better?

Finance is the science of planning the distribution of company assets. On the other hand, accounting is the art of summarizing, recording, and reporting all of the transactions that take place within the business. Finance is a career that you can do with a business administration degree, an economics degree, or a mathematics degree. To have a career in accounting, you have to study accounting. It is a very precise and technical field even though the term accounting is incredibly broad.

Both degrees are versatile in that you can fill a variety of roles with them. Finance degrees allow you to focus in broader areas, though, which may allow you to have more diverse career options. The primary functions of someone in a finance career are to source funds, make financial decisions, ensure funds are properly distributed, and to communicate financial information and strategy to company executives. The primary functions of someone working in accounting are to monitor where financial assets are going, ensure contracts are being properly fulfilled, ensure that payments are flowing in and out of the business appropriately, and maintain paperwork and file taxes for a business.

Both relate to money, but they are vastly different. The career growth and salary information are comparable across both fields. Is finance better than accounting? Yes, if that is the career path that appeals to you the most.

What Can You Do With a Finance Degree?

You could be a financial planner. Someone in this job is responsible for deciphering market trends and planning ways to use the client’s assets in the most effective way to move them towards the desired outcome. You will have to use what you know about accounting, sales, and communication in order to succeed in a job like this.

You could be a financial analyst. This is one of the more common positions, and the job growth for this area is very positive. A financial analyst researches stocks, bonds, industries, and more in order to help their clients with mergers, acquisitions, bond offerings, restructuring the corporation, as well as corporate expansions. You will need to conduct complex analyses, so research skills, along with being able to dissect financial information, are crucial to this role.

You could take your skills in finance into fields you may not have considered as well. Real estate agents, attorneys, business teachers, credit analysts, and even project managers have landed their careers with a finance degree, and you certainly can too. The best way to make sure that you’re prepared for the career you want to pursue in finance is to talk to your academic advisor and plan a program of study that is relevant to your goals.

What Can I Do With a Doctorate or PhD in Finance?

There are some more common career options with a PhD in Finance, though. That is what we’re going to touch on here, but this is in no way a comprehensive list! Investment banks, hedge funds, private equity firms, and a host of other corporations are seeking doctoral-prepared finance graduates to fill positions like equity researchers, quantitative analysts, and more.

You could secure a job as an investment researcher. In this position, you would conduct research fixed income investments, work with mathematical models to determine whether or not the company you work for is able to take advantage of arbitrage pricing in areas such as the commodities or credit equities markets, and other related tasks.

You could be a government economist. Your responsibilities here could include analyzing how events affect the national economy, you could influence public policy, and you could work at the state or federal level using your knowledge and expertise to promote the financial health of your community or the country as a whole.

You could take your degree into the private sector and start your own company; you could secure a career at a global economic institution, or devote your knowledge entirely to research. Whatever you aspire to in the field of finance, a PhD in Finance is going to help you to hit the ground running and give you everything you need to climb straight to the top.

How Much Can You Make With a Finance Degree?

The amount of money that you make is going to depend on the job that you have, your level of education, geographic location, and a host of other factors. The average salary for someone with a bachelor’s degree in finance is reported as $60,000 per year by Payscale. The average salary for finance professionals with a master’s degree is significantly higher at $80,310 per year.

Some common jobs that you could hold with a finance degree and their average salaries are listed below.

• Accountant: $119,000
• Corporate Finance Professional: $117,450
• Financial Analyst: $85,660
• Financial Planner: $88,890
• Investment Banker: between $150,000 and $350,000
• Loan Officer: $63,040
• Management Consultant: $83,610
• Wealth Manager: $94,231

One thing that we would like to note is that these are just averages and some of these careers have incredible earning potential based on your education and experience. Average base salary does not account for any bonuses you could receive from your employer either. Things like benefits, bonuses, commissions, and profit sharing are not part of your base pay, but they do have a significant effect on how much money you make. That additional income that isn’t factored can be upwards of $20,000 in some cases. There is high earning potential in the world of finance if you are driven enough to do so.

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The field of finance covers the economics of claims on resources. Financial economists study the valuation of these claims, the markets in which they are traded, and their use by individuals, corporations, and the society at large.

At Stanford GSB, finance faculty and doctoral students study a wide spectrum of financial topics, including the pricing and valuation of assets, the behavior of financial markets, and the structure and financial decision-making of firms and financial intermediaries.

Investigation of issues arising in these areas is pursued both through the development of theoretical models and through the empirical testing of those models. The PhD Program is designed to give students a good understanding of the methods used in theoretical modeling and empirical testing.

Preparation and Qualifications

All students are required to have, or to obtain during their first year, mathematical skills at the level of one year of calculus and one course each in linear algebra and matrix theory, theory of probability, and statistical inference.

Students are expected to have familiarity with programming and data analysis using tools and software such as MATLAB, Stata, R, Python, or Julia, or to correct any deficiencies before enrolling at Stanford.

The PhD program in finance involves a great deal of very hard work, and there is keen competition for admission. For both these reasons, the faculty is selective in offering admission. Prospective applicants must have an aptitude for quantitative work and be at ease in handling formal models. A strong background in economics and college-level mathematics is desirable.

It is particularly important to realize that a PhD in finance is not a higher-level MBA, but an advanced, academically oriented degree in financial economics, with a reflective and analytical, rather than operational, viewpoint.

Faculty in Finance

Anat r. admati, juliane begenau, jonathan b. berk, greg buchak, antonio coppola, peter m. demarzo, darrell duffie, steven grenadier, benjamin hébert, arvind krishnamurthy, hanno lustig, matteo maggiori, paul pfleiderer, joshua d. rauh, claudia robles-garcia, ilya a. strebulaev, vikrant vig, jeffrey zwiebel, emeriti faculty, robert l. joss, george g.c. parker, myron s. scholes, william f. sharpe, kenneth j. singleton, james c. van horne, recent publications in finance, financial inclusion, economic development, and inequality: evidence from brazil, dissecting mechanisms of financial crises: intermediation and sentiment, financial innovation in the 21st century: evidence from u.s. patents, recent insights by stanford business, why the “venture mindset” is not just for tech investors, how to: reject pitches like a venture capitalist, when the export-import bank closed up, u.s. companies saw global sales plummet.

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Wharton’s PhD program in Finance provides students with a solid foundation in the theoretical and empirical tools of modern finance, drawing heavily on the discipline of economics.

The department prepares students for careers in research and teaching at the world’s leading academic institutions, focusing on Asset Pricing and Portfolio Management, Corporate Finance, International Finance, Financial Institutions and Macroeconomics.

Wharton’s Finance faculty, widely recognized as the finest in the world, has been at the forefront of several areas of research. For example, members of the faculty have led modern innovations in theories of portfolio choice and savings behavior, which have significantly impacted the asset pricing techniques used by researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Another example is the contribution by faculty members to the analysis of financial institutions and markets, which is fundamental to our understanding of the trade-offs between economic systems and their implications for financial fragility and crises.

Faculty research, both empirical and theoretical, includes such areas as:

• Structure of financial markets
• Formation and behavior of financial asset prices
• Banking and monetary systems
• Corporate control and capital structure
• Saving and capital formation
• International financial markets

For information on courses and sample plan of study, please visit the University Graduate Catalog .

Get the Details.

Visit the Finance website for details on program requirements and courses. Read faculty and student research and bios to see what you can do with a Finance PhD.

Finance Doctoral Coordinator Prof. Luke Taylor John B. Neff Associate Professor in Finance, Professor of Finance Co-Director, Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Email: [email protected] Phone: (215) 898-4802

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The 10 Best PhD Programs in Finance

In essence, finance is the study of economics and the claims on resources. The best PhD programs in finance help you develop professionally so you can make difficult decisions around fund allocation, financial planning, and corporate financial management. This qualification will also equip you for a career in teaching or research at top universities.

Which of the 10 best finance PhDs is best for you?

Read on to learn everything you need to know.

Table of Contents

Why Get a Doctorate in Finance?

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), finance managerial professionals have an average salary of $131,710  per year, and jobs are estimated to grow by 17%  from 2020 to 2030. This is much more than the average across all occupations. With a PhD in finance, you may work as a finance manager or even become a CEO of a large corporation.

Jobs and Salaries for Doctors of Finance

After earning a PhD in finance, you can find well-paid jobs as a professor or in various corporate finance roles.

Here are some of the most common finance professions with the average annual salaries for each:

• Financial Manager ( $96,255 )
• Financial Analyst ( $63,295 )
• Finance Professor ( $73,776 )
• Chief Financial Officer ( $140,694 )
• Investment Analyst ( $67,730 )

Read More:   The Highest Paying PhD Programs

What’s the average cost of a phd program in finance.

The tuition for a PhD in finance can vary depending on the university, with public institutions generally being much more affordable than private ones.

Across all schools, the average tuition is around $30,000 per year.

However, on top of this, you need to factor in other expenses, which could add up to another $30,000 a year. Some top universities offer full funding, including tuition and a stipend for all students who are successfully admitted to the program.

Read Next: The Average Cost of a Master’s Degree in Finance

Top finance phd programs and schools, stanford university, graduate school of business.

PhD in Finance

Stanford University is one of the most prestigious business schools in the world. Its PhD in finance programs has an emphasis on theoretical modeling and empirical testing of financial and economic principles.

• Courses include: Financial markets, empirical asset pricing, macroeconomics, and financial markets.
• Duration: 5 years
• Tuition : Full funding
• Financial aid: Research & teaching assistantship, grants, outside employment, and outside support.
• Delivery: On-campus
• Acceptance rate: 5%
• Location: Stanford, California

The University of Pennsylvania, The Wharton School

The University of Pennsylvania’s renowned Wharton School of Business is home to faculty who are well-known in the field of business research. The school boasts a low student-faculty ratio in an atmosphere that allows you to work with faculty members as peers. This doctor of finance program emphasizes subjects like asset pricing, corporate finance, and portfolio management. This helps students become experts in research and teaching in these areas.

• Courses include: Topics in asset pricing, financial economics, and international finance.
• Credits: 18 courses
• Financial aid: Fellowships, grants, student employment, health insurance, stipend, and loans.
• Acceptance rate: 9%
• Location: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

The University of Chicago, Booth School of Business

Booth School of Business is a major center for finance education because its faculty includes Eugene F. Fama, Nobel laureate and the father of modern empirical finance. This finance doctoral degree has an option for a joint PhD in collaboration with the university’s economics department.

• Courses: Financial economics, financial markets in the macroeconomy, and behavioral finance.
• Tuition : Refer tuition page
• Financial aid: Grants, stipends, health insurance, scholarships, fellowships, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, and loans.
• Acceptance rate: 7%
• Location: Chicago, Illinois

The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Gies College of Business

The University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign is one of the best places for studying and conducting research in finance. Its finance research faculty was ranked #4  in the UTD Top 100 Business School Research Rankings between 2016-2019. In this PhD in finance program, students can take the qualifying examination at the end of the first year and, if successful. They’ll be able to start their research project earlier and complete the degree sooner.

• Courses include: Empirical analysis in finance, corporate finance, and statistics & probability.
• Duration: 4-5 years
• Financial aid: Full tuition waiver, stipends, scholarships, grants, student employment, and loans.
• Acceptance rate: 63%
• Location: Champaign, Illinois

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management

The Sloan School is one of the top research centers in the world, which aims to transform students into experts who can handle real-world problems in a wide range of spheres, from business and healthcare to climate change. This PhD program in finance gives students the flexibility to choose between a wide range of electives and even study some courses at Harvard.

• Courses include: Current research in financial economics, statistics/applied econometrics, and corporate finance.
• Duration: 6 years
• Financial aid: Full tuition, stipend, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, health insurance, fellowships, scholarships, and loans.
• Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts

Northwestern University, Kellogg School of Management

The Kellogg School of Management allows students to conduct independent research under the supervision of faculty who’ve made significant contributions to the field and have earned numerous prestigious awards. This doctorate of finance program’s admission process has a dual application option. You can also apply to the Economics PhD simultaneously, so if you are not selected for the finance program, you may be considered for economics.

• Courses include: Econometrics, corporate finance, and asset pricing.
• Duration: 5.5 years
• Financial aid: Tuition scholarship, stipends, health insurance, moving allowance, and subsidies.
• Location: Evanston, Illinois

The University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business

The Haas School of Business in Berkeley is an innovative institution that questions the status quo, takes intelligent risks, and accepts sensible failures in its path to progress. This finance PhD program offers students opportunities to learn about cutting-edge research from faculty from around the world.

• Courses include: Corporate finance theory, stochastic calculus, and applications of psychology & economics.
• Tuition : Refer cost page
• Financial aid: Fellowships, grants, tuition allowance, stipends, teaching assistantships, and research assistantships.
• Acceptance rate: 17%
• Location: Berkeley, California

The University of Texas at San Antonio, Alvarez College of Business

The Alvarez College of Business is one of the forty largest business schools in the USA. It follows a comprehensive and practical approach to education that allows students to apply the knowledge they gain directly in the workplace. This PhD in finance encourages students to do collaborative research with the faculty, which helps them publish their own academic papers before they even complete the program.

• Courses include: Corporate finance, international financial markets, and microeconomic theory.
• Credits: 84 (post-bachelors)
• Financial aid: Scholarships, grants, work-study, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, research fellowships, and loans.
• Acceptance rate: 84%
• Location: San Antonio, Texas

Liberty University, School of Business

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) in Finance

Liberty University is a non-profit institution among the top five online schools in the USA and has been offering fixed tuition fees for the past seven years. This is one of the best PhD in Finance programs you can do completely online. It aims to prepare students to address issues in business finance through research, best practices, and relevant literature.

• Courses: Managerial Finance, Investments & Derivatives, Business Valuation, etc.
• Credits: 60
• Duration: 3 years average
• Tuition : $595 per credit
• Financial aid: Grants, scholarships, work-study, veteran benefits, and loans.
• Delivery: Online
• Acceptance rate: 50%
• Location: Lynchburg, Virginia

Northcentral University

PhD in Business Administration (PhD-BA) – Finance Management

Northcentral University was founded with the objective of offering flexible, fully-online programs to working professionals around the world. This doctorate degree in finance online is flexible and allows you to design your own schedule. You will also get one-on-one personal mentoring from qualified faculty.

• Courses include: Business financial systems, business statistics, and business leadership & strategy.
• Duration: 84 months average
• Tuition: $1,105 per credit
• Financial aid: Grants, scholarships, and military scholarships.
• Acceptance rate: NA
• Location: Scottsdale, Arizona

Things To Consider When Choosing a Finance PhD Program

The right PhD program for you is a very personal decision and will depend on several individual factors.

However, these general questions will help you to make the right choice:

• Is the university properly accredited?
• Does the university conduct innovative and cutting-edge research?
• Are there renowned faculty members who you’ll want to work with?
• Do they offer subjects or specializations that match your career goals?
• What is the school’s placement history?
• What are the tuition fees, costs, and options for scholarships and financial aid?
• Does the program offer online study options?

It’s also important to consider if you want to pursue a career in academia or work in organizations as a senior finance professional. A PhD degree will generally set you up for a career in research or academia, while a DBA is more suited to a career in business or government.

Preparing for a Finance Doctorate Program

It’s important to start preparing early if you want to be selected for one of the best finance PhD programs.

These handy tips can help you put your best foot forward:

• Research the requirements of the best universities offering PhD in finance degrees, including pre-requisite subjects and qualifying grades. Keep these in mind when completing your bachelor’s or master’s degree.
• Understand your strengths and weaknesses in relation to the program’s requirements. Work on your weaknesses and continue to hone relevant skills.
• Read extensively in the field and keep up-to-date on regional and global developments.
• Join communities of finance professionals to build your network and be exposed to the latest knowledge in the discipline.

Skills You Gain from Earning a PhD in Finance

The most important skills you learn as a doctor of finance include:

• Communication skills, including writing and presentation skills
• Data analytical skills
• Economics and accounting skills
• Critical thinking skills
• Mathematical skills
• Analytical software skills
• Management and leadership skills
• Problem-solving skills

PhD Programs in Finance FAQs

How long does a phd in finance take.

PhD programs in finance usually take between three and eight years to complete.

Is It Worth Getting a PhD in Finance?

A PhD in Finance is a qualification that’s in high demand today. It is a terminal degree and can help you get top-level jobs with lucrative salaries in corporate or large organizations.

How Much Can You Make With a PhD in Finance?

With a finance doctorate, you can expect to earn a salary anywhere from around $45,000 to $150,000, depending on your experience, role, and the organization you work for. According to the BLS, the average salary for finance PhD holders is $131,710 .

What Do You Need To Get a PhD in Finance?

The admissions requirements vary depending on the program, but you’ll typically need a bachelor’s or master’s degree in finance. The programs can take three to eight years of coursework and research.

To apply, you’ll usually need to submit:

• Application
• Academic resume
• Academic transcripts
• Recommendation letters
• GRE or GMAT score
• Personal essay

Final Thoughts

With a doctorate in finance, you can build a rewarding career in academia, research, or the business sector. Like any doctorate, these programs ask for dedication and hard work. By planning early, you’ll set yourself up to pursue one of the best PhD programs in finance.

For more on how to build your career in the field, take a look at our guides to the best master’s degree in finance , the highest paying PhDs , and fully-funded PhD programs .

Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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Finance Master’s Degree Program

Build the skills and network you need to advance your career in finance.

Online Courses

11 out of 12 total courses

On-Campus Experience

2 weekends or a 3-week summer course

$3,220 per course

Program Overview

Ready to deepen your financial expertise and enhance your career potential? Develop the advanced knowledge and practical skills you need to take on greater professional responsibilities or make a career pivot.

Our Finance Master’s Degree Program offers a wide range of courses that cover essential financial topics — from microeconomics to investment theory to business valuation. Under the instruction of expert faculty, you’ll learn to make complex financial decisions. And you’ll examine issues in finance through a local, regional, and global lens.

Program Benefits

Customizable path, stackable certificates, & experiential learning

Instructors who are academics and professionals at the top of their fields

Personalized academic & career advising

Entrepreneurial opportunities through the Harvard Innovation Labs

Paid research options

Harvard Alumni Association membership upon graduation

Customizable Course Curriculum

Our curriculum is flexible in pace and customizable by design. You can study part time, choosing courses that fit your schedule and align with your career goals. In the program, you’ll experience the convenience of online learning and the immersive benefits of learning in person.

In core finance courses, you’ll deepen your knowledge of essential finance concepts, tools, and strategies. Through elective coursework, you’ll build upon that foundation — focusing on the specialized areas that are most important to you, such as corporate finance, investments, or financial accounting.

11 Online Courses

• Synchronous and asynchronous
• Fall, spring, January, and summer options

You’ll complete 1 degree requirement in person at Harvard, at an accelerated or standard pace:

• 2 weekends in fall or spring
• 3 weeks in the summer

The path to your degree begins before you apply to the program.

First, you’ll register for and complete 3 required courses, earning at least a B in each. These foundational courses are investments in your studies and count toward your degree, helping ensure success in the program.

As an alternative, you may choose to earn one of the following credentials as part of your admissions path: HBS Online CORe Admissions Pathway or the MITx MicroMasters® Program Pathway .

Getting Started

We invite you to explore degree requirements, confirm your initial eligibility, and learn more about our unique “earn your way in” admissions process.

Earn a Stackable Certificate

As you work your way toward your master’s degree, you can take courses that also count — or “stack” — toward a graduate or microcertificate . It’s a cost-effective, time-saving opportunity to build specialized skills and earn a professional credential along the way to your degree.

Here are a few examples of stackable certificates and courses. 

Business Economics View More

Through courses taken for this graduate certificate, you’ll learn how to integrate economic principles and business concepts.

Sample Stackable Courses

• Microeconomic Theory
• Behavioral Economics and Decision Making
• The Economics of Financial Markets
• Strategy, Conflict, and Cooperation

Learn more about the Business Economics Graduate Certificate .

Corporate Finance View More

Gain the knowledge and tools needed for corporate financial analysis and decision-making in this graduate certificate.

• Managerial Finance
• Emerging Markets: Investment Theories and Practice
• Mergers, Acquisitions, and Restructurings

Learn more about the Corporate Finance Graduate Certificate .

Data Analytics View More

Deepen your analytics knowledge to inform strategic business decisions with this graduate certificate.

• Introduction to Computer Science with Python
• Data Mining for Business
• Introduction to Quantitative Methods for Economics and Finance
• Introduction to Statistical Modeling

Learn more about the Data Analytics Graduate Certificate .

Principles of Finance View More

Learn to use financial information to make business decisions through this graduate certificate.

• Foundations of Real-World Economics
• Monetary Policy After the Financial Crisis
• Financial Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Cryptocurrencies
• Private Equity

Learn more about the Principles of Finance Graduate Certificate .

Real Estate Investment View More

Develop practical, real-world knowledge and skills for investing in real estate with this graduate certificate.

• Financing Community and Economic Development
• Urban Development Policy
• Principles of Real Estate
• Real Estate Finance and Investment

Learn more about the Real Estate Investment Graduate Certificate .

A Faculty of Finance Experts

Studying at Harvard Extension School means learning from the world’s best. Our finance instructors are renowned experts in their field and bring a genuine passion for teaching, with students giving our faculty an average rating of 4.6 out of 5.

Peter Marber

Chief Investment Officer for Emerging Markets, Aperture Investors

Gregory Sabin

Instructor in Accounting and Finance; Preceptor, Harvard Extension School

Teaches Managerial Accounting, Principles of Finance, Corporate Finance

Zinnia Mukherjee

Associate Professor of Economics, Simmons University

Teaches courses on a variety of topics, including microeconomic theory and the economics of climate change

Our Community at a Glance

Students in our Finance Master’s Degree program are experienced financial professionals seeking to advance their careers at their current companies, level up at different organizations, and even make total career changes.

You’ll join a network of talented peers who are committed to developing deep expertise in banking, investments, and economics. By the time you’ve completed your studies, you’ll likely have lifelong friends and professional contacts.

Download: Finance Master's Degree Fact Sheet

Average Age

Work Full Time

Have Experience in the Finance Field

Average Years of Professional Experience

Would Recommend the Program

Career Opportunities & Alumni Outcomes

With a graduate degree in finance, you can prepare to advance in a variety of roles. Our finance graduates work in a range of finance-related industries, including accounting, banking, biotechnology, information technology, investment and asset management, and financial management consulting.

Roles held by recent graduates include: 

• Hedge fund analyst
• Credit analyst
• Compliance analyst
• Corporate strategy manager
• Vice president of mergers and acquisitions

Alumni work at a variety of organizations, including:

• Bain Capital
• Bank of America
• Citizens Bank

Career Advising and Mentorship

Whatever your career goals, we’re here to support you. Harvard’s Mignone Center for Career Success offers career advising, employment opportunities, Harvard alumni mentor connections, and career fairs like the annual Finance and FinTech Fair on campus at Harvard.

Your Harvard University Degree

Upon successful completion of the required curriculum, you will receive your Harvard University degree — a Master of Liberal Arts (ALM) in Extension Studies, Field: Finance.

Expand Your Connections: the Harvard Alumni Network

As a graduate, you’ll become a member of the worldwide Harvard Alumni Association (400,000+ members) and Harvard Extension Alumni Association (29,000+ members).

From start to finish, Harvard has given me a lifetime of experience for a fraction of the cost of similar programs. I am forever grateful I made the move.

Tuition & Financial Aid

Affordability is core to our mission. When compared to our continuing education peers, it’s a fraction of the cost.

After admission, you may qualify for financial aid . Typically, eligible students receive grant funds to cover a portion of tuition costs each term, in addition to federal financial aid options.

Coffee Chat: All About Management Programs at HES

Are you interested in learning more about management graduate degree programs at Harvard Extension School? Attendees joined us for an informational webinar where they had the opportunity to connect with program directors, academic advisors, and current students.

What is a Master’s in Finance?

A master’s degree in finance can help financial professionals deepen their knowledge and technical skills in the financial field. Students who choose to get this degree are often already working in finance or a related field. Core courses can provide a solid foundation in the principles of finance, while electives can help you specialize your degree.

What Can You Do With a Master’s Degree in Finance?

A master’s degree in finance gives you foundational knowledge and practice skills to help your organization better manage its finances and investments. Whether you specialize in mergers and acquisitions, real estate investment, sustainable finance, or monetary policy, a master’s degree will give you the skills and tools you need to keep your career moving forward. It may even help you advance into mid- or even senior-level positions or start a new career in finance.

For more information on how a master’s degree in finance can help advance your career, read our blog Corporate Finance Career Path: How to Keep Your Growth on Track .

Is a Degree in Finance Useful?

A degree in finance is a great way to supplement and expand the real-world experience you’ve developed in the office.

Our curriculum offers the theoretical and academic knowledge you need to solve problems and develop solutions in creative and practical ways. You’ll find yourself applying the tools you learn in class right from the start.

Is a Career in Finance a Good Career?

The outlook for careers in finance is strong.

Careers in finance tend to be stable, even during economic downturns. And the job market for experienced finance professionals is likely to continue to grow over the next decade. The potential for a high-income career — especially for individuals with an advanced degree and several years’ of experience — is excellent.

How Long Does It Take to Complete the Finance Graduate Program?

Program length is ordinarily anywhere between 2 and 5 years. It depends on your preferred pace and the number of courses you want to take each semester.

For an accelerated journey, we offer year round study, where you can take courses in fall, January, spring, and summer.

While we don’t require you to register for a certain number of courses each semester, you cannot take longer than 5 years to complete the degree.

How Will This Finance Master’s Degree Program Help My Career?

A master’s degree in the field of finance demonstrates your mastery of the key knowledge and critical skills to build and advance a successful career in finance.

In the program at Harvard Extension School, you’ll gain an understanding of core elements of organizational finance decisions, including accounting and financial statement analysis, principles of finance, investments, corporate finance, and business valuations.

You’ll build advanced knowledge of economic theory, corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, international markets, and risk management.

Whether you are seeking to advance your career in finance or taking the first step in a career change, you can gain the knowledge you need to prepare for roles such as account manager, cash manager, financial analyst, financial risk analyst, or financial auditor. You may also qualify for senior financial management positions such as controller, treasurer, or even chief financial officer.

Harvard Division of Continuing Education

The Division of Continuing Education (DCE) at Harvard University is dedicated to bringing rigorous academics and innovative teaching capabilities to those seeking to improve their lives through education. We make Harvard education accessible to lifelong learners from high school to retirement.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Banking & Finance

How to apply

PhD students in our school normally commence their study in Term 1 around early February each year. Prospective candidates are invited to submit their Expressions of Interest (EOI) between  May 1st and  July  31st  to be considered for admission in the following year. Please send your EOIs via email to  Banking and Finance HDR Admissions . Only selected applicants will be invited to apply via the UNSW central portal.

Out of round EOIs submitted after the deadline could be considered only for interested candidates with strong prior research experience, e.g., with a masters by research degree from a leading global institution.

Important:  Make sure you satisfy the UNSW academic and language entry requirements before submitting your EOI. Please read the “Entry Requirements” section below. 

Academic Entry Requirement

The minimum academic entry requirement for Stream 1 is the equivalent of a four-year UNSW Bachelor’s degree in a relevant discipline (Economics, Finance, and related subjects) with first or upper second class honours. The minimum academic entry requirement for Stream 2 is the equivalent of a four-year UNSW Bachelor’s degree with an Honours year (research), or the equivalent of a UNSW Masters’ degree with substantial research component with first or upper second class honours.

Note: an  upper second class honours  is equivalent to a weighted average mark of at least 75/100 (i.e., a Distinction) at UNSW and is allocated to roughly the top 30% of students. Grading systems vary across countries. For more information, read this  guide for grade equivalencies between countries .

English Language Requirement

UNSW recognises the follow countries as English-speaking: American Samoa, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Canada, Fiji, Gibraltar, Ghana, Guyana, Ireland, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, The Gambia, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom (including Northern Ireland), United States of America, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

If you are not a citizen of an English-speaking country, then you will need to establish that you have sufficient English language fluency. There are four ways to establish sufficient English language fluency: English Tests (including IELTS, TOEFL, Pearson and Cambridge), UNSW Global English Course, Prior Study, or an English Waiver. For details on each of these, please review our  English language requirements .

About the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Banking & Finance

UNSW’s Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Banking & Finance will prepare you to become a globally focused and socially engaged research leader. You’ll be joining a cohort of high-achieving research students in tackling modern-day challenges at the forefront of Banking & Finance, working alongside leaders in the field (ranked 20 th in the world, QS Subject Rankings , 2022). This is your opportunity to become integrated into the UNSW Business School’s community of scholars.

You’ll first undertake rigorous coursework covering relevant theories and research methods. As part of the program, you’ll also be involved in research projects from an early stage. This training will equip you with the skills required to identify, analyse, and solve problems in the field.

You’ll then pursue independent research under the supervision of high-profile UNSW academics, culminating in a doctoral thesis. Your PhD thesis will showcase your research skills and enable you to make an original contribution to the field of Banking & Finance.

There will also be exciting opportunities throughout to interact with industry leaders, and to develop your teaching portfolio. The training is geared toward preparing you for a career in academia, although other career paths (e.g., consulting, government, industry, non-profit) are also enabled.

PhD program structure

Most students complete the overall PhD study (including the MPDBS year as illustrated below) in four to five years. For candidates with a strong prior research experience, e.g., with a masters by research degree from a leading global institution, it is possible to complete the study in three to four years without the MPDBS year. Admitted students will be notified in the admission offer about the need of completing the MPDBS study. 

Year One: Master of Pre-Doctoral Business Studies (MPDBS)

The first year of study is designed to provide a rigorous foundation to conduct independent research. You’ll learn a range of methodologies and build your communication and presentation skills.

Your first year of coursework study will cover fundamental research methods. You’ll also start developing key research skills such as identifying, framing, presenting, and writing academic contributions. You’ll work as a research assistant on faculty research projects and start working on your own research as your skills develop.

The first year will help you identify your potential thesis supervisor for the PhD component of the program. Upon successful completion of the first year, you’ll be awarded a Master of Pre-Doctoral Business Studies. A brief overview of the first year is presented below.

• Program Core Course: Foundations of Business Research; Econometric Analysis; Business Research Project Seminar
• Stream Core Courses: Microeconomic Theory I; Mathematical Economics; Asset Pricing Theory; Research Methods in Finance 2; Empirical Corporate Governance
• Research Assistance Work

Year Two: Specialised Coursework & Thesis Work

During the second year, you’ll continue in the Banking & Finance stream with a further year of advanced coursework.

Examples of courses you may take include:

• Empirical Corporate Finance
• Corporate Finance Theory
• Empirical Asset Pricing

Your second year is also when you’ll identify your thesis topic with your supervisor. You’ll engage in literature review, research design and present your research proposal to the School at the end of the year.

Years Three Onwards: Thesis Work

The final two or three years of the program are focused on conducting full-time research and completing your doctoral thesis. This is your opportunity to address some of the biggest challenges in Banking & Finance and make a significant contribution to knowledge in the field. Your research will offer new critical thinking and withstand critical analysis from expert researchers in the area.

For more details about the School of Banking & Finance and our PhD program, check out our home page, people page and research students page.

As with most other OECD countries, the number of PhD completions in Australia has grown dramatically – more than doubling in the last two decades.

An increasing number of PhD graduates find employment in business, government, and the non-profit sector. Nineteen of the largest ASX companies have PhD graduates on their senior executive teams.

Your PhD will set you on the path to a career in a premier research institution, anywhere in the world. Throughout your research degree, you’ll also have many opportunities to develop your teaching portfolio.

Beyond academia, there’s also significant demand in the private and public sectors for people with deep knowledge and sound research and analytical skills*.

Whether you’re looking to pursue a career in academia, or take your research skills out to industry, a PhD in Banking & Finance from UNSW will get you there.

* Source:  2019 Advancing Australia’s Knowledge Economy Report

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Postgraduate Research

4 years full-time, 5-8 years part-time

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Term 1 – February

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PhD in Financial Technology (FinTech)

Drive Innovation at the Intersection of Finance and Technology

The future of finance is here and it’s unfolding at an unprecedented pace. In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, the finance industry is undergoing a transformative shift, necessitating a new breed of professionals. Our program is dedicated to cultivating leaders who will pioneer the next wave of innovation in the financial sector.

Value Proposition Description

Why FinTech?  

The fusion of finance and technology, known as FinTech, represents one of the fastest-growing industry sectors globally. With a market capitalization exceeding $550 billion and more than 272 fintech unicorns, the potential for groundbreaking work in this field is vast. The rise of digital payments, mobile banking, cryptocurrencies, and beyond has reshaped the landscape of financial services, making FinTech an essential area of study and innovation.  

A Multidisciplinary Approach  

WPI’s FinTech PhD program is uniquely positioned to offer a comprehensive, multidisciplinary education that bridges finance, technology, computer science, and ethics. Leveraging the expertise of our distinguished faculty and the resources of our state-of-the-art FinTech Innovation Hub, students engage in cutting-edge research and practical applications of their studies.  

Curriculum for PhD in Financial Technology (FinTech)  

The FinTech PhD program offers a rigorous curriculum designed to equip students with an in-depth understanding of both the technological and financial aspects of this evolving field. Our program emphasizes:  

Covering blockchain technology, Asset Pricing, Price Theory, Econometrics, Macroeconomics, digital payments, AI, and machine learning, our courses are tailored to meet the demands of the FinTech industry.

By working closely with regional FinTech firms and departments across the university, students gain a well-rounded perspective on the technical, regulatory, and business dimensions of FinTech. The collaboration with Worcester Polytechnic Institute's (WPI) world-renowned faculty presents a unique and invaluable opportunity for scholars to engage in cutting-edge research in the field of finance. WPI's faculty are leaders in their disciplines, known for their innovative approaches and contributions to technology and finance.  

Collaborating with world-renowned faculty at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) significantly benefits students, especially in refining their research for publication in top finance journals. Working alongside leading academics offers students unparalleled access to advanced methodologies and insights into the finance field. This mentorship helps students navigate the complexities of research and publication, ensuring their work meets the high standards of prestigious journals. Such collaboration not only boosts students' academic profiles but also contributes valuable insights to the finance community.  

The benefits of this scholarly collaboration extend beyond individual achievements, contributing to the broader academic and professional communities by setting new benchmarks in finance research.

Our curriculum incorporates discussions on ethics, data privacy, and financial inclusion to prepare students for the ethical challenges they may face in their careers.

Graduates of our program are poised to make significant contributions to the FinTech sector, whether in academia, industry research, or leading their own innovative startups. Our alumni network spans the globe, with members holding pivotal positions in major financial hubs and pioneering the development of new technologies and business models.

Important Dates

Next Start: August 22, 2024  

Application Deadline: Apply by May 1st

FinTech Education at WPI: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Dean Debora Jackson and Professors Kwamie Dunbar, Joseph Sarkis, and Robert Sarnie of the WPI Business School discuss how the university’s cross-disciplinary experiential learning and collaboration make it the ideal place to study FinTech.

FinTech for Inclusivity, Growth, and the Future

In partnership with Flame University, Boston Blockchain Association (BBA), and the Massachusetts High Technology Council, the WPI Business School and the Future Finance and Economics Association (FFEA) hosted their inaugural conference in October 2023—the first such FFEA event in the United States.

WPI & Flame University FinTech Lab

In partnership with Flame University, WPI’s FinTech Lab recognizes the critical role of adept individuals in driving this transformation. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, it cultivates a dynamic environment where experts from finance, technology, data science, and entrepreneurship converge to develop cutting-edge solutions.

Similar Majors

Dr. Dunbar is currently a tenured Associate Professor of Finance at WPI. In addition to his extensive experience in teaching and research, he has a wealth of industry experience working with several fortune 500 companies in various capacities.

Professor Dunbar's research has appeared in leading economics and finance journals such as Quantitative Finance, Economic Modeling, International Review of Financial Analysis, and Research in International Business and Finance, amongst others. His [...]

Joseph Sarkis is a Professor of Management within Worcester Polytechnic Institute's Business School. He previously served as a faculty member at Clark University and the University of Texas at Arlington. His teaching and research interests are in the fields of environmental sustainability, operations and supply chain management. He is the author or co-author of over 600 publications. His research is widely cited and earned the designation of highly cited researcher for eight years from&n [...]

Rob joins WPI from Fidelity Investments, where he spent 23 years in the finance industry, holding multiple executive leadership positions including VP of Strategy and Planning, VP Human Resource Systems, and VP Finance, Procurement, and Accounting Systems. Rob also previously held positions in both the public and private sectors for companies in the manufacturing and nonprofit industries.

At Fidelity, Rob exercised his passion for coaching and mentoring by leading multiple mentoring pro [...]

Take the First Step Today

Prepare to be a research or industry leader in the rapidly growing world of FinTech.

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About the Program

The joint Wisconsin PhD Program in finance and economics trains researchers for tenure-track positions at the nexus of these two fields. Specializing in this area will provide you with the opportunity to expand your academic career path to both economics and finance departments at top universities.

The program stresses high-quality research with a focus on developing the core basics of economics, then specialization in areas of finance and economics. Students in the joint program are required to take a common curriculum and to meet all requirements of both the Economics and Finance PhD programs.

Core Areas of Research

Asset pricing

Corporate finance

Macroeconomics

Market microstructure

Microeconomics

Finance theory

Academic Requirements

All students must meet the general PhD requirements of the UW–Madison Graduate School, the Department of Economics , and the Wisconsin School of Business. Students should have the following background to be admitted:

• Completed and performed well in basic undergraduate economics or finance courses
• Mathematics preparation should include multivariate calculus, elementary probability, statistics, and regression analysis
• One course in linear algebra
• Three-course sequence in calculus, including multivariate calculus*
• One course in mathematical statistics*
• Any additional background in mathematics and graduate-level economics courses can ease the transition into the program

* For additional information about which topics are most important to review before graduate coursework begins visit: https://econ.wisc.edu/doctoral/admissions/math-requirements/

Program Coursework

The first year of the program is dedicated to training in the core basics of economics with a focus on microeconomics, macroeconomics and econometrics. The summer following the first year of the program all students must take the economics micro and macro comprehensive exams.

The second year of the program focuses on finance with an emphasis on financial theory, corporate finance, asset pricing, and finance workshops. Finance workshops consist of each student presenting their preliminary research in front of the finance faculty. The summer following the second year of the program all students must take the finance comprehensive exam. Further, students must take three other classes in economics and present their preliminary research in front of the economics faculty.

The third year of the program includes two classes in economics and additional workshops with a focus on completing a research paper on a finance or economics topic. The topic may be either theoretical or empirical, and should contain elements of original research that extend the existing literature.

Advancement to Dissertator Status requires: (1) Successful completion of both economics and finance comprehensive exams; (2) successful completion of a sole-authored paper requirement.

Each milestone requirement—field paper, three-signature proposal, and dissertation committee—must include at least one faculty member from both the economics and the finance department. A single dissertation, approved by members comprised of both departments, is sufficient to fulfill the dissertation requirement.

See Guide for all course requirements

Faculty Research Interests

Hengjie Ai Research interests: Financial economics Macroeconomics Economic Theory View full profile Briana Chang Research interests: Financial intermediation Market microstructure Information economics Search and matching theory View full profile P. Dean Corbae Research interests: Consumer credit Bankruptcy Foreclosures Banking industry dynamics View full profile Bjorn Eraker Research interests: Asset pricing Derivatives Econometrics of financial markets Equilibrium modeling View full profile Mark Fedenia Research interests: Investment management Wealth management Liquidity View full profile Oliver Levine Research interests: Corporate finance Corporate investment Executive compensation Mergers and acquisitions Intangible capital View full profile Antonio Mello Research interests: Corporate financial policy Corporate risk management Corporate finance and industrial organization Capital market imperfections and stability International finance View full profile Dmitry Orlov Research interests: Banking Markets for repurchase agreements Bayesian Persuasion Dynamic contracts Mutual Funds View full profile Sebastien Plante Research interests: Microstructures Credit markets Liquidity Corporate finance View full profile Erwan Quintin Research interests: Growth and development economics Financial economics Macroeconomics View full profile Roberto Robatto Research interests: Banking Macroeconomics Monetary and financial economics Evolutionary foundations of economic behavior View full profile Sang Seo Research interests: Asset pricing Macro-finance Derivatives Financial econometrics View full profile Ivan Shaliastovich Research interests: Asset pricing Financial econometrics View full profile Randall Wright Research interests: Monetary, macro, and labor economics Asset pricing View full profile Connect With Current Students

We encourage you to contact our doctoral students in the finance and economics joint degree program to hear their perspectives on the Wisconsin PhD

View current student profiles

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Graduates of our PhD specialization in accounting and information systems have accepted tenure-track positions at top research universities.

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Banking and finance PhD program - 2019

Postgraduate research area

Commencement year

Unit codes that are not linked to their entry in the Handbook are not available for study in the current year.

Managing faculty

Coordinator(s)

Dr Hue Hwa Au Yong

Caulfield Clayton

This program provides doctoral (PhD) students with the opportunity to focus on developing knowledge and expertise in their chosen discipline, as well as developing professional skills that will support their career ambitions.

Each student's research will be supported by the development of a range of skills that will help them to become more efficient researchers, ultimately improving the quality of the research and developing generic/transferable skills of value to prospective employers.

This program is offered by the Department of Banking and Finance.

Program requirements

All PhD students will be required to undertake compulsory training in the following areas:

• Monash Graduate Research Induction (online)
• Research Integrity (online)
• faculty induction, including occupational health and safety (where required).

Coursework component

All PhD students must complete the following coursework unit/s, normally prior to confirmation of their enrolment:

• BEX6011 Empirical asset pricing
• BEX6012 Corporate financial management
• BEX6013 Issues in financial institutions
• BEX6014 Contemporary issues in finance

Students may be required to undertake up to an additional four units as recommended by the PhD Director

Students may also be directed or encouraged to attend and make presentations at various forums throughout their enrolment.

Relevant courses

0029 Doctor of Philosophy

Top 10 Cheapest Online Doctorate in Finance Degree Programs 2024

Find your perfect school.

Author: Brenda Rufener Reviewed by: Julie McCaulley Reading level: Grade 10 Original publication date: July 2019 Updates: 4

Key Takeaways:

• William Howard Taft University was our #1 pick for the cheapest online PhD in finance degrees, followed by Liberty University .
• An affordable online PhD in finance offers lower tuition costs , no relocation fees, and the ability to continue working while pursuing your degree.
• Online PhD in Finance degrees offer flexible scheduling , including self-paced study and asynchronous programming.
• All schools listed in this ranking are institutionally accredited.

This article profiles the top 10 cheapest online PhD finance programs.

Featured Programs

Until recently, online PhD degree programs were limited, and traditional programs were the norm. Recently, reputable and accredited public and private universities started offering online doctoral programs. This includes the online PhD and DBA in finance. We reviewed several schools to find the top 10 cheapest online PhD in finance programs.

Top 10 Cheapest Online PhD in Finance Programs Methodology

We looked at 30 colleges and universities listed by the NCES College Navigator. These schools offer online PhD in finance programs or closely related doctoral programs. Similar programs include Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) with finance courses or specializations. We narrowed our original pool of schools by applying the following criteria:

• Offerings of at least one online PhD in finance or closely related degree
• School and/or program reputation with rankings from U.S. News and World Report
• Affordable graduate tuition and fees of less than $20,000 per year

Some of the schools on our list offer stipends and tuition waivers. For clarity, we listed the school by raw affordability based on graduate tuition listed by NCES.

Below is our list of the top 10 cheapest online PhDs in finance.

Note: This ranking/article was originally published in July 2019 and was last updated in March 2024. The 2022 tuition updates may affect the ranking order, but the list has not been re-ordered.

#10 – Cambridge College Global

Online doctor of business administration in quality systems management, boston, massachusetts.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $19,035

Cambridge College Global offers an affordable online DBA in finance program. It focuses on systems management. The program is designed for professionals with professional and personal obligations. The degree readies graduates for top executive positions within business contexts and industries. that value leadership, analytical thinking, and complex problem-solving. Courses may include:

• Business Analytics and Decision-Making
• Business Operations and Supply Chain Management
• Financial Management and Fiscal Leadership
• Organizational Development and Change Management

U.S. News and World Report ranks Cambridge College Global #147 in best online MBA programs.

• Supportive faculty
• Not a lot of statistical information available

#9 – National University

Online phd in financial management, la jolla, california.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $15,912

National University offers an online PhD in finance. It is designed for working professionals seeking the rigor and flexibility of a PhD program. Graduates are prepared for a variety of careers, such as:

• College or university faculty
• Research and private positions in investment banking, financial planning/analysis

The program consists of 60 credits divided into 20 courses that require 45 months to complete. The program blends rigorous research with practical application. Students engage in:

• Advanced financial statement analysis
• Financial business decision modeling
• Investment selection techniques
• Earning and risk management

U.S. News and World Report ranks National University #105 – #115 in regional colleges Midwest.

• Diverse student community
• Great academic programming and resources
• Large class sizes
• Impersonal, lack of individual attention

#8 – Creighton University

Online dba in finance, omaha, nebraska.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $19,676

Creighton University offers an online doctor of business administration in finance, two-thirds online and one-third residency. The program is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International and draws students from over 26 states. The program is designed for working professionals to complete over three years. The program embeds seven residencies per year for the first two years and zero residencies in the third year. Courses may include:

• Applied Behavioral Research Design and Methods
• Applied Finance Research
• Applied Information Systems Research
• Survey of Innovative Business Pedagogy

U.S. News and World Report ranks Creighton University #1 in regional universities Midwest and #20 best online graduate business programs.

• Small class sizes
• Some issues with the financial aid process have been reported
• Limited diversity

#7 – Franklin University

Columbus, ohio.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $12,060

Franklin University offers an online DBA in finance. It is for working professionals seeking a doctorate to prepare them for career advancement. The PhD in finance online can be completed in three years. It allows students an entire year to complete their dissertation. Additionally, upon approval, students can transfer up to 24 credits of previous coursework from other programs or institutions. In addition to advanced business concepts, such as:

Students also dive deeply into the political, cultural, and ethical issues that drive and impact business decision-making.

• Easy-to-use online platform
• Helpful supportive instructors
• Advisors are sometimes inaccessible
• Lack of support for active military has been reported

#6 – California Baptist University

Riverside, california.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $14,914

California Baptist University provides an online DBA in finance. It can be completed in just three years, including the dissertation. The 50-unit program blends advanced theory with a praxis that develops students into outstanding business executives and leaders within various organizational contexts. The program’s structure allows students to work on only one course at a time every eight weeks. Strategic residencies are placed in the program that allows students to network with peers and faculty. Courses may include:

• Applying Economic Theory to Business
• Ethics in Organizations and Management
• Financial Analysis for Decision Making
• Orientation to the Doctorate in Business Administration

U.S. News and World Report ranks California Baptist #32 in regional universities West.

• Well organized online curriculum
• Tutoring services available
• Lack of student diversity
• Lack of financial aid availability has been reported

#5 – Johnson & Wales University

Online doctor of business administration, providence, rhode island.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $15,156

Although not a PhD in finance online, Johnson & Wales offers an online Doctor of Business Administration. It provides advanced courses in finance and financial management. These courses include:

• Contemporary Issues in Finance
• Business Analytics and Intelligence

Other courses include:

• Advanced Strategies in Organization Development
• Contemporary Leadership Issues
• Problems and Methods in Marketing Management

The program is divided into eight-week courses, and completion usually takes three years. Students are provided with a lock-step dissertation model that they begin working on at the end of the first year. Johnson & Wales is accredited by the New England Commission on Higher Education. U.S. News and World Report ranks it #104 among the best online graduate business programs.

• Professors teach all classes
• Graduation rate is higher than the national average
• High student to faculty ratio

#4 – Atlantic International University

Online phd in finance, honolulu, hawaii.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $13,000

Atlantic International University offers a cheap online finance doctorate. It prepares graduates for various occupations in private industry, higher education, and more. Additionally, the program focuses on key research areas in computer science within the context of financial decision-making and modeling. Students choose from a wide list of courses to tailor the degree to their career trajectory and interests. Featured finance courses include:

• Financial Economics
• Economic Statistics
• Empirical Applications in Finance
• Linear Statistical Methods
• Time Series Analysis

The program is completed entirely online. It is for working professionals who can’t attend traditional classes due to work and personal obligations.

• Very flexible programming
• Does not hold U.S. accreditation

#3 – Kansas State University

Online doctorate in personal financial planning, manhattan, kansas.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $11,786

Kansas State University offers an affordable online finance PhD focusing on personal financial planning. Graduates go on to careers in academia and private industry. The hybrid program blends online learning in the fall and spring semesters along with 10-day summer experiences. The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools accredits the institution. The program is housed within the School of Family Studies and Human Services. The program is designed to be completed in five years or less and includes courses such as:

• Advanced Research Methods
• Clinical Research and Applications in Financial Counseling and Planning
• Estate Planning for Families
• Financial Therapy Theory and Research

Kansas State is ranked #147 in national universities by U.S. News and World Report.

• A very tight-knit community
• Accepts dual and AP credits
• TAs teach many of the classes

#2 – Liberty University

Lynchburg, virginia.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $8,630

Liberty University offers an online DBA in finance for individuals possessing an MBA from a regionally or nationally accredited institution and a minimum 3.0 GPA. The Liberty DBA in finance is completed entirely online, making it an excellent option for working professionals seeking to advance their skills and knowledge through the attainment of the highest academic degree. Finance courses include:

• business valuation
• investments and derivatives
• managerial finance
• mergers and acquisitions

Graduates of go on to careers as financial managers, chief sustainability officers, chief financial officers, and corporate treasurers. U.S. News and World Report ranks Liberty University #98 in best online graduate business programs.

• Strong focus on student success
• Very affordable
• Conservative atmosphere may not be for everybody
• Limited student diversity

#1 – William Howard Taft University

Lakewood, colorado.

Website Graduate Tuition/Fees : $4,610

William Howard Taft University has an online DBA. It focuses on business leadership and financial management. The program is conducted entirely online, with no campus visits or residential requirements. The flexibility and 100% online model make it a great option for mid-career professionals seeking to increase their knowledge and skills and further their career options. Courses may include:

• Conceptual Foundations of Accounting and Finance
• Global Business Practices and Challenges
• Global Strategic Management
• Negotiations and Dispute Settlement

William Howard Taft is accredited by the Colorado Commission on Higher Education.

• Affordability
• Not regionally accredited
• School has limited name recognition

––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Frequently Asked Questions

What can i do by earning a cheap online finance doctorate.

An individual with an online Ph.D. in finance has a wide range of occupational options considering the transferability of skills and knowledge learned throughout the degree program that applies to most organizational contexts. Graduates can pursue careers as:

• Accountants and auditors
• Budget analysts
• Financial managers
• Financial researchers
• Financial economists
• Personal financial planning and management
• College and university faculty

Additionally, individuals with a PhD in finance may be qualified for executive-level positions such as:

• Chief Financial Officer
• Chief Executive Officer
• Similarly related positions that oversee entire departments and organizations

It is common for investment banks, hedge funds, and private equity firms to hire finance PhDs as research associates performing quantitative analysis of financial organizations and instruments. Many research associates start off their careers performing finance research for a specific industry or sector such as biotechnology, software, and energy.

Finance PhDs are also employed by the government as economists. Specifically, the federal government hires individuals to perform economic research measuring and analyzing how economic activity impacts local, regional, and national economies both domestic and abroad. These positions pay well, but typically less than those in private industry. The research conducted by individuals with these positions helps to inform and influence government policy.

Along with applied work as private researchers and economists, many finance PhDs work as college and university faculty. The main charge for academic jobs include conducting and publishing research and teaching classes.

What is the job outlook for individuals with an online doctorate in finance?

The job outlook is expected to remain very strong for financial managers and researchers across all sectors of the economy. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the occupational growth rate for financial managers is expected to be 19% during the time period 2016-2026. This is a much higher growth rate compared to the average occupation. For context, the average growth rate for all jobs during this same time period is expected to be 7%.

Job growth is driven by several factors. Specifically, in the fall out of the economic and financial crisis, organizations are seeking individuals with expertise in regulatory reform and risk mitigation. As financial institutions seek stability and profit, individuals with these skills will be in high demand.

As organizations increase cash reserves both domestically and abroad, individuals with financial management skills including cash and risk management will be sought after as organizations seek professionals who know how to manage finances in a global economy involving foreign markets.

As online money management continues to increase, banking institutions will continually need to adapt to the changing landscape where internet money management is the norm compared to traditional in-person banking. As such, finance PhDs with knowledge of online money management and IT platforms will be in high demand.

How much money can I make with an online finance doctorate?

According to the United States Government Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary (median pay) for a financial manager is $127,990 per year. Compare that to the median salary of $38,640 for all occupations and it is easy to see that individuals with an online finance PhD make attractive salaries. As with other occupations, variables such as industry, years of experience, and geographic location all play salient roles in determining pay. Financial managers working in professional, scientific, and technical contexts earn the highest average pay of $151,610 annually. Government financial managers earn the lowest of any sector with a median annual salary of $112,830.

Financial and budget analysts earn wages ranging from $101,410 for investment-related jobs to $81,420 for credit intermediation (online banking) occupations. Fund managers may make far more than the above stated salaries as many of these analysts earn bonuses based upon investment performance. It is not uncommon for high-yield analysts to make in the high six-figures and even seven-figures on an annual basis based on strong investment performance.

Individuals living in high-population metropolitan areas will find the highest paying jobs and the most job openings. California and New York employ the highest numbers of financial managers and also pay the highest salaries. New York-based financial managers earn an average salary of $210,510 annually.

What is the difference between an online finance PhD and a DBA?

There are several differences between an online finance doctorate and an online DBA (Doctor of Business Administration). Read on to find out the distinctions between the two degrees.

A PhD in management is generally for individuals seeking to become academics. These individuals work as professors, instructors, and researchers within academic institutions or think tanks where researching theory and publishing in peer-reviewed journals are the main objectives of the occupation. Research is primarily conducted as a means to contribute to the field of existing knowledge within the discipline. Additionally, PhD students are typically recent graduates with little professional experience. The DBA degree is designed for the seasoned professional seeking to gain practical knowledge and skills needed to succeed on the job. While research is an important part of the curriculum, DBA students engage in more applied research to directly integrate it into their careers. DBA students are typically older, non-traditional students with several years of experience.

The Doctor of Business degree is relatively new compared to the PhD. The PhD is universally recognized by academic institutions whereas the DBA is still developing. As such, students enrolled in PhD finance programs may be required to teach as well as publish their dissertation in a peer-reviewed academic journal. While DBA students complete dissertations as well, they can be applied projects and may not be required to publish in academic journals.

How long does it take to earn an online doctorate in finance?

Graduate degrees require a lot of time and dedication. A PhD is a well-respected and universally known degree that propels the graduate to the highest level of academic distinction. The time to complete an online PhD in finance is largely dependent on the student and the programmatic structure. Typical online programs take between 3-5 years to complete. The advantage of online programs is their ability to cater to students with full-time careers and other outside obligations that inhibit them from taking full-time course loads.

Because Doctor of Business Administration programs are designed for working professionals, there is an abundance that allows students to take courses on a part-time basis. Part-time coursework typically means taking one course at a time per term. For many graduate programs, including full-time PhD and DBA programs, full-time enrollment requires two courses per term, which can be taken concurrently or one at a time. It is common for DBA degrees to take approximately three years to complete, with PhD programs taking longer. In addition to minimum completion times, it is critically important that students know the maximum time allowed to finish the degree. Some programs give students up to ten years or longer to finish provided they have everything done but the dissertation.

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• Free Online Colleges
• 30 Colleges Helping Students Manage Finances
• What is the Difference Between a Degree in Economics and a Degree in Finance?
• What Are the Prerequisites for a Master’s in Finance?

This concludes our list of the top 10 cheapest online PhD in finance programs.

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PhD/ MPhil/ MSc Finance (Research)

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The PhD/MPhil/MSc in Finance comprises a short taught component followed by a longer research phase. Taught modules allow you to broaden, as well as deepen, your knowledge of research methods as well as conducting your own research and developing transferable professional skills.

The PhD programme in Finance will facilitate the creation and interpretation of new knowledge by the research student, demonstrated through the thesis. The taught component is designed to ensure that doctoral researchers understand the breath of techniques used in modern social science research.

Doctoral researchers will be capable of analysing a range of data using a range of qualitative and quantitative techniques. They will be able to explain theories underlying different approaches to social science research. Doctoral researchers are expected to participate to the fullest possible extent in the life of the Department of Finance and the Business School. This means attending seminars organised by the Department of Finance and more widely in the Business School thereby helping expose doctoral researchers to new ideas emanating from outside their own area of specialisation. It also requires actively participating in PhD workshops and conferences organised by the Department of Finance, the Business School and Graduate School as well as institutions outside the University of Birmingham.

Ultimately all doctoral researchers will have the ability to characterise and solve business and financial problems using advanced research tools. They should be able to derive policy implications from their research and communicate these to policy makers, practitioners and other academics in a manner which is comprehensible. They will also be able to peer review others’ research and offer constructive criticism; and to extend the frontiers of the discipline through their own innovative research.

Doctoral researchers may choose to become academics, work in Government, businesses, supranational organisations or in the research arms of major financial institutions. They are expected to achieve a substantial understanding of contemporaneous financial and business issues enabling them to take a lead in ongoing debates within society. They will be aware of and understand the function of related institutions at both a national and international level.

Fees 2024 - 2025

• Code: 021B - £4,778 (UK) PhD Full time
• Code: 022B - £2,389 (UK) PhD Part time
• Code: 021B - £23,520 (International) PhD Full time
• Code: 023B - £4,778 (UK) MPhil
• Code: 023B - £23,520 (International) MPhil
• Code: 045B - £4,778 (UK) MSc (Research)
• Code 045B - £23,520 (International) MSc (Research)

Learn more about fees and funding

Scholarships and studentships

A limited number of scholarships may be available to outstanding applicants. International students  can often gain funding through overseas research scholarships, Commonwealth scholarships or their home Government.

For further information contact the School directly or visit our helpdesk.

How To Apply

• How to apply

To apply for a postgraduate research programme, you will need to submit your application and supporting documents online. We have put together some helpful information on the research programme application process and supporting documents on our how to apply page . Please read this information carefully before completing your application.

Our Standard Requirements

The Business School's entry requirement is a good honours degree (first or upper second class honours) awarded by a recognised University in an appropriate subject, and a merit in a relevant Master’s degree. We usually ask students for an average of 65 in the taught component of their Masters. All international students also need to show that they have adequate knowledge of written and spoken English.

Learn more about our entry requirements.

Writing your research proposal

Along with your academic record, your references and your curriculum vitae your research proposal plays a critical role in the evaluation of your application.

Your research proposal should illustrate your ability to plan an independent research study and the relevance of your topic to the research interests and expertise of Birmingham Business School.You need to demonstrate that you understand the field that you plan to research, identify an interesting and original research question, and develop a tentative plan of study. It is highly desirable that your research proposal is written to the guidelines specified below.

Guidelines for the Research Proposal

When clicking on the Apply Now button you will be directed to an application specifically designed for the programme you wish to apply for where you will create an account with the University application system and submit your application and supporting documents online. Further information regarding how to apply online can be found on the how to apply pages.

International Requirements

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 14/20 from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the Licenciado or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Argentinian university, with a promedio of at least 7.5, may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Applicants for PhD degrees will normally have a Maestria or equivalent

Applicants who hold a Masters degree will be considered for admission to PhD study.

Holders of a good four-year Diplomstudium/Magister or a Masters degree from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 2.5 will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a good 5-year Specialist Diploma or 4-year Bachelor degree from a recognised higher education institution in Azerbaijan, with a minimum GPA of 4/5 or 80% will be considered for entry to postgraduate taught programmes at the University of Birmingham.

For postgraduate research programmes applicants should have a good 5-year Specialist Diploma (completed after 1991), with a minimum grade point average of 4/5 or 80%, from a recognised higher education institution or a Masters or “Magistr Diplomu” or “Kandidat Nauk” from a recognised higher education institution in Azerbaijan.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 75% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a CGPA of 3.0-3.3/4.0 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students who hold a Masters degree from the University of Botswana with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 (70%/B/'very good') will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Please note 4-year bachelor degrees from the University of Botswana are considered equivalent to a Diploma of Higher Education. 5-year bachelor degrees from the University of Botswana are considered equivalent to a British Bachelor (Ordinary) degree.

Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

A Licenciatura or Bacharelado degree from a recognised Brazilian university:

• A grade of 7.5/10 for entry to programmes with a 2:1 requirement
• A grade of 6.5/10for entry to programmes with a 2:2 requirement

Holders of a good Bachelors degree with honours (4 to 6 years) from a recognised university with a upper second class grade or higher will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.  Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good post-2001 Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a minimum average of 14 out of 20 (or 70%) on a 4-year Licence, Bachelor degree or Diplôme d'Etudes Superieures de Commerce (DESC) or Diplôme d'Ingénieur or a Maîtrise will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Holders of a bachelor degree with honours from a recognised Canadian university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. A GPA of 3.0/4, 7.0/9 or 75% is usually equivalent to a UK 2.1.

Holders of the Licenciado or equivalent Professional Title from a recognised Chilean university will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Applicants for PhD study will preferably hold a Magister degree or equivalent.

Students with a bachelor’s degree (4 years minimum) may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. However please note that we will only consider students who meet the entry guidance below.  Please note: for the subject areas below we use the Shanghai Ranking 2022 (full table)  ,  Shanghai Ranking 2023 (full table) , and Shanghai Ranking of Chinese Art Universities 2023 .

需要具备学士学位（4年制）的申请人可申请研究生课程。请根据所申请的课程查看相应的入学要求。 请注意，中国院校名单参考 软科中国大学排名2022（总榜） ，  软科中国大学排名2023（总榜） ，以及 软科中国艺术类高校名单2023 。  

Business School    - MSc programmes (excluding MBA)  

商学院硕士课程（MBA除外）入学要求

School of Computer Science – all MSc programmes 计算机学院硕士课程入学要求

College of Social Sciences – courses listed below 社会科学 学院部分硕士课程入学要求 MA Education  (including all pathways) MSc TESOL Education MSc Public Management MA Global Public Policy MA Social Policy MA Sociology Department of Political Science and International Studies  全部硕士课程 International Development Department  全部硕士课程

  All other programmes (including MBA)   所有其他 硕士课程（包括 MBA）入学要求

Please note:

• Borderline cases: We may consider students with lower average score (within 5%) on a case-by-case basis if you have a relevant degree and very excellent grades in relevant subjects and/or relevant work experience. 如申请人均分低于相应录取要求（5%以内），但具有出色学术背景，优异的专业成绩，以及（或）相关的工作经验，部分课程将有可能单独酌情考虑。
• Please contact the China Recruitment Team for any questions on the above entry requirements. 如果您对录取要求有疑问，请联系伯明翰大学中国办公室   [email protected]

Holders of the Licenciado/Professional Title from a recognised Colombian university will be considered for our Postgraduate Diploma and Masters degrees. Applicants for PhD degrees will normally have a Maestria or equivalent.

Holders of a good bachelor degree with honours (4 to 6 years) from a recognised university with a upper second class grade or higher will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.  Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Bacclaureus (Bachelors) from a recognised Croatian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 4.0 out of 5.0, vrlo dobar ‘very good’, or a Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a Bachelors degree(from the University of the West Indies or the University of Technology) may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. A Class II Upper Division degree is usually equivalent to a UK 2.1. For further details on particular institutions please refer to the list below.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Masters degree or Mphil from the University of the West Indies.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum overall grade of 6.5 out of 10, or a GPA of 3 out of 4, and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bakalár from a recognised Czech Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 1.5, B, velmi dobre ‘very good’ (post-2004) or 2, velmi dobre ‘good’ (pre-2004), or a good post-2002 Magistr (Masters), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum overall grade of 7-10 out of 12 (or 8 out of 13) or higher for 2:1 equivalence and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters/ Magisterkonfereus/Magister Artium degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the Licenciado or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Ecuadorian university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Grades of 70% or higher can be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Magister/Masterado or equivalent qualification, but holders of the Licenciado with excellent grades can be considered.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 75% from a recognised institution. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bakalaurusekraad from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 4/5 or B, or a good one- or two-year Magistrikraad from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree with very good grades (grade B, 3.5/4 GPA or 85%) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. 

Holders of a good Kandidaatti / Kandidat (old system), a professional title such as Ekonomi, Diplomi-insinööri, Arkkitehti, Lisensiaatti (in Medicine, Dentistry and Vetinary Medicine), or a Maisteri / Magister (new system), Lisensiaatti / Licenciat, Oikeustieteen Kandidaatti / Juris Kandidat (new system) or Proviisori / Provisor from a recognised Finnish Higher Education institution, with a minimum overall grade of 2/3 or 4/5, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters/Maîtrise with a minimum overall grade of 13 out of 20, or a Magistère / Diplôme d'Etudes Approfondies / Diplôme d'Etudes Supérieures Specialisées / Mastère Specialis, from a recognised French university or Grande École to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Magister Artium, a Diplom or an Erstes Staatsexamen from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 2.5, or a good two-year Lizentiat / Aufbaustudium / Zweites Staatsexamen or a Masters degree from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good four-year Ptychio (Bachelor degree) with a minimum overall grade of 6.5 out of 10, from a recognised Greek university (AEI), and will usually be required to have completed a good Metaptychiako Diploma Eidikefsis (Masters degree) from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

4-year Licenciado is deemed equivalent to a UK bachelors degree. A score of 75 or higher from Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC) can be considered comparable to a UK 2.1, 60 is comparable to a UK 2.2.  Private universities have a higher pass mark, so 80 or higher should be considered comparable to a UK 2.1, 70 is comparable to a UK 2.2

The Hong Kong Bachelor degree is considered comparable to British Bachelor degree standard. Students with bachelor degrees awarded by universities in Hong Kong may be considered for entry to one of our postgraduate degree programmes.

Students with Masters degrees may be considered for PhD study.

Holders of a good Alapfokozat / Alapképzés or Egyetemi Oklevel from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 3.5, or a good Mesterfokozat (Masters degree) or Egyetemi Doktor (university doctorate), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a 60% or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the 4 year Sarjana (S1) from a recognised Indonesian institution will be considered for postgraduate study. Entry requirements vary with a minimum requirement of a GPA of 2.8.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a score of 14/20 or 70% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution, with 100 out of 110 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students who hold the Maitrise, Diplome d'Etude Approfondies, Diplome d'Etude Superieures or Diplome d'Etude Superieures Specialisees will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees (14-15/20 or Bien from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 12-13/20 or Assez Bien is considered comparable to a UK 2.2).

Students with a Bachelor degree from a recognised university in Japan will be considered for entry to a postgraduate Masters degree provided they achieve a sufficiently high overall score in their first (Bachelor) degree. A GPA of 3.0/4.0 or a B average from a good Japanese university is usually considered equivalent to a UK 2:1.

Students with a Masters degree from a recognised university in Japan will be considered for PhD study. A high overall grade will be necessary to be considered.

Students who have completed their Specialist Diploma Мамаң дипломы/Диплом специалиста) or "Magistr" (Магистр дипломы/Диплом магистра) degree (completed after 1991) from a recognised higher education institution, with a minimum GPA of 2.67/4.00 for courses requiring a UK lower second and 3.00/4.00 for courses requiring a UK upper second class degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate Masters degrees and, occasionally, directly for PhD degrees.  Holders of a Bachelor "Bakalavr" degree (Бакалавр дипломы/Диплом бакалавра) from a recognised higher education institution, with a minimum GPA of  2.67/4.00 for courses requiring a UK lower second and 3.00/4.00 for courses requiring a UK upper second class degree, may also be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/50

Holders of a good Postgraduate Diploma (professional programme) from a recognised university or institution of Higher Education, with a minimum overall grade of 7.5 out of 10, or a post-2000 Magistrs, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a score of 16/20 or 80% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised university in Libya will be considered for postgraduate study. Holders of a Bachelors degree will normally be expected to have achieved score of 70% for 2:1 equivalency or 65% for 2:2 equivalency. Alternatively students will require a minimum of 3.0/4.0 or BB to be considered.

Holders of a good pre-2001 Magistras from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 8 out of 10, or a good post-2001 Magistras, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes

Holders of a good Bachelors degree from a recognised Luxembourgish Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 16 out of 20, or a Diplôme d'Études Supérieures Spécialisées (comparable to a UK PGDip) or Masters degree from a recognised Luxembourgish Higher Education institution will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees (70-74% or A or Marginal Distinction from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 60-69% or B or Bare Distinction/Credit is considered comparable to a UK 2.2).

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised Malaysian institution (usually achieved with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average minimum of 3.0) will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a good Bachelors degree from the University of Malta with a minimum grade of 2:1 (Hons), and/or a Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree (Honours) from a recognised institution (including the University of Mauritius) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2:1).

Students who hold the Licenciado/Professional Titulo from a recognised Mexican university with a promedio of at least 8 will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Students who have completed a Maestria from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree, licence or Maîtrise and a Masters degree, with a score of 14/20 or 70% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students with a good four year honours degree from a recognised university will be considered for postgraduate study at the University of Birmingham. PhD applications will be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 60-74% or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Doctoraal from a recognised Dutch university with a minimum overall grade of 7 out of 10, and/or a good Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree (minimum 4 years and/or level 400) from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum GPA of B/Very Good or 1.6-2.5 for a 2.1 equivalency, and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters, Mastergrad, Magister. Artium, Sivilingeniør, Candidatus realium or Candidatus philologiae degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a CGPA of 3.0/4 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised university in the Palestinian Territories will be considered for postgraduate study. Holders of Bachelors degree will normally be expected to have achieved a GPA of 3/4 or 80% for 2:1 equivalency or a GPA of 2.5/4 or 70% for 2:2 equivalency.    

Holders of the Título de Licenciado /Título de (4-6 years) or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Paraguayan university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Grades of 4/5 or higher can be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent.  The Título Intermedio is a 2-3 year degree and is equivalent to a HNC, it is not suitable for postgraduate entry but holders of this award could be considered for second year undergraduate entry or pre-Masters.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Título de Maestría / Magister or equivalent qualification, but holders of the Título/Grado de Licenciado/a with excellent grades can be considered.

Holders of the Licenciado, with at least 13/20 may be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent. The Grado de Bachiller is equivalent to an ordinary degree, so grades of 15+/20 are required.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Título de Maestría or equivalent qualification.

Holders of a good pre-2001 Magister from a recognised Polish university with a minimum overall grade of 4 out of 5, dobry ‘good’, and/or a good Swiadectwo Ukonczenia Studiów Podyplomowych (Certificate of Postgraduate Study) or post-2001 Magister from a recognised Polish university with a minimum overall grade of 4.5/4+ out of 5, dobry plus 'better than good', will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Licenciado from a recognised university, or a Diploma de Estudos Superiores Especializados (DESE) from a recognised Polytechnic Institution, with a minimum overall grade of 16 out of 20, and/or a good Mestrado / Mestre (Masters) from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised Romanian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 8 out of 10, and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree/Diploma de Master/Diploma de Studii Academice Postuniversitare (Postgraduate Diploma - Academic Studies) or Diploma de Studii Postuniversitare de Specializare (Postgraduate Diploma - Specialised Studies) to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Диплом Специалиста (Specialist Diploma) or Диплом Магистра (Magistr) degree from recognised universities in Russia (minimum GPA of 4.0) will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes/PhD study.

Students who hold a 4-year Bachelor degree with at least 16/20 or 70% will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.   

Students who hold a Maitrise, Diplome d'Etude Approfondies,Diplome d'Etude Superieures or Diplome d'Etude Superieures Specialisees will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. A score of 14-15/20 or Bien from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 12-13/20 or Assez Bien is considered comparable to a UK 2.2

Students who hold a Bachelor (Honours) degree from a recognised institution with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 (or a score of 60-69% or B+) from a well ranked institution will be considered for most our Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees with a 2:1 requirement.

Students holding a good Bachelors Honours degree will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a good three-year Bakalár or pre-2002 Magister from a recognised Slovakian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 1.5, B, Vel’mi dobrý ‘very good’, and/or a good Inžinier or a post-2002 Magister from a recognised Slovakian Higher Education institution will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Diploma o pridobljeni univerzitetni izobrazbi (Bachelors degree), Diplomant (Professionally oriented first degree), Univerzitetni diplomant (Academically oriented first degree) or Visoko Obrazovanja (until 1999) from a recognised Slovenian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 8.0 out of 10, and/or a good Diploma specializacija (Postgraduate Diploma) or Magister (Masters) will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor Honours degree (also known as Baccalaureus Honores / Baccalaureus Cum Honoribus) from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most Masters programmes will require a second class upper (70%) or a distinction (75%).

Holders of a Masters degree will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a Bachelor degree from a recognised South Korean institution (usually with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average 3.0/4.0 or 3.2/4.5) will be considered for Masters programmes.

Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 7 out of 10 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 60-74% or a CGPA 3.30/4.0 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Kandidatexamen (Bachelors degree) or Yrkesexamen (Professional Bachelors degree) from a recognised Swedish Higher Education institution with the majority of subjects with a grade of VG (Val godkänd), and/or a good Magisterexamen (Masters degree), International Masters degree or Licentiatexamen (comparable to a UK Mphil), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good "PostGraduate Certificate" or "PostGraduate Diploma" or a Masters degree from a recognised Swiss higher education institution (with a minimum GPA of 5/6 or 8/10 or 2/5 (gut-bien-bene/good) for a 2.1 equivalence) may be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0, 3.5/5 or 75% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bachelor degree (from 75% to 85% depending upon the university in Taiwan) from a recognised institution will be considered for postgraduate Masters study. Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for entry to our postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Masters degree or Mphil from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a Bachelors degree from the following universities may be considered for entry to postgraduate programmes:

• Ateneo de Manila University - Quezon City
• De La Salle University - Manila
• University of Santo Tomas
• University of the Philippines - Diliman

Students from all other institutions with a Bachelors and a Masters degree or relevant work experience may be considered for postgraduate programmes.

Grading Schemes

1-5 where 1 is the highest 2.1 = 1.75 2.2 = 2.25 

Out of 4.0 where 4 is the highest 2.1 = 3.0 2.2 = 2.5

Letter grades and percentages 2.1 = B / 3.00 / 83% 2.2 = C+ / 2.5 / 77%

Holders of a postdoctoral qualification from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.  Students may be considered for PhD study if they have a Masters from one of the above listed universities.

Holders of a Lisans Diplomasi with a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 3.0/4.0 from a recognised university will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a Yuksek Diplomasi from a recognised university will be considered for PhD study.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most Masters programmes will require a second class upper (2.1) or GPA of 3.5/5.0

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree / Диплом бакалавра (Dyplom Bakalavra), Диплом спеціаліста (Specialist Diploma) or a Dyplom Magistra from a recognised Ukrainian higher education institution with a minimum GPA of 4.0/5.0, 3.5/4, 8/12 or 80% or higher for 2:1 equivalence and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

The University will consider students who hold an Honours degree from a recognised institution in the USA with a GPA of:

• 2.8 GPA (on a 4.0 scale) for entry to programmes with a 2:2 requirement 
• 3.2 GPA (on a 4.0 scale) for entry to programmes with a 2:1 requirement 

Please note that some subjects which are studied at postgraduate level in the USA, eg. Medicine and Law, are traditionally studied at undergraduate level in the UK.

Holders of the Magistr Diplomi (Master's degree) or Diplomi (Specialist Diploma), awarded by prestigious universities, who have attained high grades in their studies will be considered for postgraduate study.  Holders of the Fanlari Nomzodi (Candidate of Science), where appropriate, will be considered for PhD study.

Holders of the Licenciatura/Título or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Venezuelan university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Scales of 1-5, 1-10 and 1-20 are used, an overall score of 70% or equivalent can be considered equivalent to a UK 2.1.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Maestria or equivalent qualification

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised Vietnamese institution (usually achieved with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average minimum GPA of 7.0 and above) will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.  Holders of a Masters degree (thac si) will be considered for entry to PhD programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree with a minimum GPA of 3.5/5.0 or a mark of 2.0/2.5 (A) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.   

Students who hold a good Bachelor Honours degree will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. 

International Students

English requirements are IELTS 7.0 with no less than 6.5 in any band or equivalent.

Members of the Department of Finance can offer supervision within the following areas.

Corporate Finance

Capital structure decision making including interactions between corporate investment and dividend/capital structure decisions. Issues relating to capital structure and firm performance and the study of agency costs. The examination of corporate events such as  stock repurchases, corporate restructuring, mergers and acquisitions ,IPOs, delistings and financial distress & bankruptcy. Entrepreneurial finance, debt and equity gaps, venture capital and private equity, financial flexibility in firms and R&D smoothing.

Capital  Markets

Within the field of capital markets we can offer supervision which examines debt maturity, and a wide range of market microstructure topics including those relating to liquidity and liquidity risk, market architecture and the trading environment, as well as microstructure effects associated with the international cross-listing of securities.  The use of derivatives for risk management. Islamic Finance. Institutional investment, portfolio investment, risk and investment volatility

Financial Regulation and Corporate Governance

Corporate governance – including shareholder voting, engagement, stock lending, communication within the board of directors, and board behaviour and performance, executive compensation. Agency conflicts. The use of the interbank market as a regulatory device, Basel III and new rules for global finance,.

Banking and Financial Services

Doctoral researchers in Finance are registered for a full time 3-year PhD or a part-time 6-year PhD. In the first year of the programme doctoral researchers are required to take Econometrics with Financial Applications module from the Department of Economics (30 credit module). They also need to take at least one of the existing MSc Investments and MSc Accounting and Finance courses and one other module to successfully complete 60 credits of study. The MSc module and one other appropriate M or D level module should be chosen in agreement with the doctorial researcher’s supervisor, as appropriate for the their research topic.  Modules available include: Financial Modelling and Forecasting Techniques (20 credits), Empirical Topics in Accounting and Finance (20 credits) and Quantitative Methods in Finance (10 credits). Doctoral researchers are also recommended to take Advanced Training Modules from the MA Social Research Programme or other modules (e.g. Qualitative Methods) as appropriate to their research and training needs.

By the end of their first year doctoral students will have completed an 8,000 word research proposal that they will present and be evaluated on at the first annual review. This forms the basis for supervised research over the remaining two years of the programme and the production of an 80,000 word thesis.

Career prospects

PhD graduates from Birmingham Business School are working in central banks, Government departments, a variety of financial institutions, accountancy firms, supranational organisations and multinational corporations. Many of our PhD graduates also go on to forge successful academic careers in other top Universities.

Doctoral Research career assistance

The University of Birmingham has invested heavily in careers and employability support. The Careers Team have been praised for enhanced developments within their team and for adopting a model of integrated employability and internship support; something that has been rolled out and implemented across all Schools and Colleges at the University.

Doctoral researchers at Birmingham Business School benefit from its own well qualified dedicated Careers Team to support students with employment opportunities, work placements, internships and how to succeed at interview. In addition, a range of career management, personal development and employer events are run each year by the Careers in Business Team to help you make the most of the opportunities available.

The University also has dedicated careers advisors for international students  who run workshops and networking opportunities with potential employers. These are especially popular with international postgraduate researchers.

• Online chat events

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) in Finance Excel At the Next Level in Finance

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100% online, 8-week courses

Transfer in up to 50% of the degree total

Earn a Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) Degree in Finance from Liberty University

Our 100% online Doctor of Business Administration – Finance degree is designed to help expand upon your master’s level education by providing the knowledge and training you need to succeed at the highest levels of business leadership. Through our DBA program in finance, you will explore methods for business research, managerial finance skills, and the financial implications of mergers and acquisitions.

Our DBA in Finance degree curriculum teaches financial leadership methods and strategies that you can use to serve your company and clients with excellence.

Ranked in the Top 10% of Niche.com’s Best Online Schools in America

• What Sets Us Apart?
• Private Nonprofit University
• 600+ Online Degrees
• No Standardized Testing for Admission
• Transfer in up to 75% of an Undergrad Degree
• Transfer in up to 50% of a Grad/Doctoral Degree

Why Choose Liberty University’s Doctor of Business Administration in Finance?

At Liberty, your success is our success. As a pioneer of distance education since 1985, we have a history of innovation, and we’ve used our experience to design a flexible DBA degree that seeks to meet your professional and academic needs. Throughout your business administration and finance doctoral degree program, professors with real-world business experience in finance will teach advanced-level skills you can immediately apply in your career. By providing you with tools you can use to better serve your company and clients, our Doctor of Business Administration in Finance can help you take your career to the next level.

What Will You Study in Our DBA in Finance Degree Program?

Our Doctor of Business Administration in Finance degree can help you become a well-rounded manager by equipping you with the highest level of financial and business knowledge possible. Understanding the responsibilities of financial managers can help prepare you for success in the corporate world. Beginning with an overview of financial analysis, you will dive into the financial decision-making process.

In the online DBA in Finance degree program, you will study financial management, capital investment decisions, financing decisions, and managing for value creation. With our Doctor of Business Administration in Finance degree, you can become prepared for a rewarding career as a top executive in the corporate world.

Potential Career Opportunities

• Chief sustainability officer
• Financial manager
• Treasurer and controller
• University professor

Featured Courses

• BUSI 530 – Managerial Finance
• BUSI 534 – Business Valuation
• BUSI 536 – Mergers and Acquisition
• BUSI 538 – Investments and Derivatives

Degree Information

• This program falls under the School of Business .
• View the Graduate Business Course Guides (login required).
• View the Doctor of Business Administration Handbook for additional program information.
• The Applied Doctoral Research Project (ADRP) in the DBA program relates to a business problem in your specialization.

Degree Completion Plan (PDF)

Not sure what to choose?

Speak to one of our admissions specialists to help you choose the program that best fits your needs.

• Tuition & Aid

Your success is our success, which is why we are committed to providing quality academics at an affordable tuition rate. While other colleges are increasing their tuition, we have frozen tuition rates for the majority of our undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs for the past 9 years – and counting.

Eligible current and former military service members and their spouses may qualify for a special rate of $300/credit hour ( learn more ) .

All Tuition & Fees

Financial Aid & Scholarships

Financial Aid Forms & Eligibility

Scholarship Opportunities

Admission Information for Our Online DBA in Finance Degree Program

Admission requirements.

• A non-refundable, non-transferable $50 application fee will be posted on the current application upon enrollment (waived for qualifying service members, veterans, and military spouses – documentation verifying military status is required) .
• Send official college transcripts (mailed as sealed, unopened copies or sent via a direct electronic transcript system). At least 30 semester hours of graduate business credit, as well as a regionally or nationally accredited master’s degree in business or a business-related field with at least a 3.0 GPA is required for admission in good standing.
• Applicants whose native language is other than English must submit official scores for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or an approved alternative assessment. For information on alternative assessments or TOEFL waivers, please call Admissions or view the official International Admissions policy .

Preliminary Acceptance

If you are sending in a preliminary transcript for acceptance, you must:

• Be in your final term and planning to start your doctoral degree after the last day of class for your master’s degree.
• Complete a Master’s Self-Certification Form confirming your completion date. You may download the form from the Forms and Downloads page or contact an admissions counselor to submit the form on your behalf.
• Submit an official transcript to confirm that you are in your final term. The preliminary transcript must show that you are within 6 credit hours of completion for a 30-48 credit hour master’s degree or within 9 credit hours of completion for a 49+ credit hour master’s degree.
• Send in an additional, final official transcript with a conferral date on it by the end of your first semester of enrollment in the new doctoral degree.

Transcript Policies

Official college transcript policy.

An acceptable official college transcript is one that has been issued directly from the institution and is in a sealed envelope. If you have one in your possession, it must meet the same requirements. If your previous institution offers electronic official transcript processing, they can send the document directly to [email protected] .

Admissions Office Contact Information

(800) 424-9596

(888) 301-3577

Email for Questions

[email protected]

Email for Documents

[email protected]

Liberty University Online Admissions Verification

1971 University Blvd.

Lynchburg, VA 24515

Ready to Apply?

Submit your application online or over the phone.

Apply by phone: (800) 424-9595

Liberty University is dedicated to providing world-class educational experiences to military students across the globe.

Who May Qualify?

• Active Duty
• Reserve/National Guard
• Veterans/Retirees
• Spouses of Service Members and Veterans/Retirees

Military Tuition Discount

We want to help you find the doctoral degree you want – at a price you’ve earned. As a thank-you for your military service, Liberty University offers eligible current and former service members like you or your spouse multiple pathways to earn a doctoral degree for only $300/credit hour . Find out how you can take advantage of this unique opportunity as you work toward your goal of reaching the pinnacle of your profession – for less.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is liberty’s dba programs accredited.

Liberty University’s Doctor of Business Administration is accredited by ACBSP, the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs. Our School of Business is among only 3% of business schools worldwide to earn ACBSP accreditation.

What resources will you have access to?

You will be granted access to a wide variety of online resources through Liberty University’s library portal while you pursue your DBA in finance.

How long will it take to complete a DBA degree?

As a DBA student, you can complete your degree online in 60 credit hours.

How will getting a terminal degree in the finance field further assist you?

By gaining a terminal degree in your field, you may experience increased job opportunities.

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Postgraduate research project

Phd scholarships in banking and finance, about the project.

Southampton Business School has an ambitious quality-driven strategy of growth and our research is recognised throughout the global academic community. 

We are seeking talented and motivated individuals with expertise in Big Data Modelling to develop new approaches to identifying patterns in Big Data.

We welcome applications that will develop an interdisciplinary approach to addressing real-world challenges. For example, enhancing organisational sustainability might require a combination of leadership, finance, governance, accounting, and strategy. 

You are invited to propose transformative research that challenges conventional disciplinary boundaries to help solve real-world problems. This will contribute to addressing the evolving challenges of business. 

You will have a creative and a collaborative spirit and create positive outcomes by bridging practice and intersectionality of disciplines. This will help prepare leaders and members of organisations for the future of work, business and entrepreneurship.

Potential supervisors

You are also advised to contact prospective supervisors with aligned research interests in advance. 

Lead supervisor

Professor Tapas Mishra

Research interests.

• Long memory; Green finance and corporate culture; Mergers and Acquisition, Stochastic economic growth; Macroprudential policy and stress testing; Environmental and demographic volatility; Cryptocurrency modelling; Climate finance, Small Business Economics, and Innovation-diffusion modelling.
• Demography-growth-environmental interdependence
• Spatio-temporal models

Entry requirements

A UK Masters with Merit or its international equivalent in one of the following:

• Financial Mathematics
• Quantitative Finance

If English isn't your first language, you'll need an International English Language Testing System (IELTS) minimum score of 7.0, with all component scores of 6.5 or above (Band G) or an equivalent qualification .

Fees and funding

For UK and international students, tuition fees will be paid and you'll receive a stipend (living allowance) of £19,237 tax-free per year for up to 3 years.

You need to:

• choose programme type (Research), 2024/25, Faculty of Social Sciences
• choose PhD in Business Studies and Management (Full time)
• add your supervisor, if known, in section 2
• specify in the Funding section you wish to be considered for one of these Scholarships

Applications should include:

• a research proposal ( Guidance on how to develop a proposal )
• your CV (resumé)
• 2 reference letters
• degree transcripts to date

If you have any general queries, please contact the PhD Director Dr David Baxter:

• Email: [email protected]
• Telephone: +44 (0) 23 8059 7273

For any subject-specific queries, please contact Professor Tapas Mishra:

• Email: [email protected]
• Course modules
• Acoustical engineering
• Biomedical and medical engineering
• Civil engineering
• Every day I’m completely immersed in an environment that’s creative in all aspects
• Everything I learn feels so relevant, even If it’s a subject rooted in the past
• Maritime engineering
• Photonics and optoelectronics
• Social statistics and demography
• A missing link between continental shelves and the deep sea: Have we underestimated the importance of land-detached canyons?
• A seismic study of the continent-ocean transition southwest of the UK
• A study of rolling contact fatigue in electric vehicles (EVs)
• Acoustic monitoring of forest exploitation to establish community perspectives of sustainable hunting
• Acoustic sensing and characterisation of soil organic matter
• Advancing intersectional geographies of diaspora-led development in times of multiple crises
• Aero engine fan wake turbulence – Simulation and wind tunnel experiments
• Against Climate Change (DACC): improving the estimates of forest fire smoke emissions
• All-in-one Mars in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) system and life-supporting using non-thermal plasma
• An electromagnetic study of the continent-ocean transition southwest of the UK
• An investigation of the relationship between health, home and law in the context of poor and precarious housing, and complex and advanced illness
• Antibiotic resistance genes in chalk streams
• Being autistic in care: Understanding differences in care experiences including breakdowns in placements for autistic and non-autistic children
• Biogeochemical cycling in the critical coastal zone: Developing novel methods to make reliable measurements of geochemical fluxes in permeable sediments
• Bloom and bust: seasonal cycles of phytoplankton and carbon flux
• British Black Lives Matter: The emergence of a modern civil rights movement
• Building physics for low carbon comfort using artificial intelligence
• Building-resolved large-eddy simulations of wind and dispersion over a city scale urban area
• Business studies and management: accounting
• Business studies and management: banking and finance
• Business studies and management: decision analytics and risk
• Business studies and management: digital and data driven marketing
• Business studies and management: human resources (HR) management and organisational behaviour
• Business studies and management: strategy, innovation and entrepreneurship
• Carbon storage in reactive rock systems: determining the coupling of geo-chemo-mechanical processes in reactive transport
• Cascading hazards from the largest volcanic eruption in over a century: What happened when Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai erupted in January 2022?
• Characterisation of cast austenitic stainless steels using ultrasonic backscatter and artificial intelligence
• Climate Change effects on the developmental physiology of the small-spotted catshark
• Climate at the time of the Human settlement of the Eastern Pacific
• Collaborative privacy in data marketplaces
• Compatibility of climate and biodiversity targets under future land use change
• Cost of living in modern and fossil animals
• Creative clusters in rural, coastal and post-industrial towns
• Deep oceanic convection: the outsized role of small-scale processes
• Defect categories and their realisation in supersymmetric gauge theory
• Defining the Marine Fisheries-Energy-Environment Nexus: Learning from shocks to enhance natural resource resilience
• Design and fabrication of next generation optical fibres
• Developing a practical application of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies for conservation research and monitoring of endangered wildlife
• Development and evolution of animal biomineral skeletons
• Development of all-in-one in-situ resource utilisation system for crewed Mars exploration missions
• Ecological role of offshore artificial structures
• Effect of embankment and subgrade weathering on railway track performance
• Efficient ‘whole-life’ anchoring systems for offshore floating renewables
• Electrochemical sensing of the sea surface microlayer
• Engagement with nature among children from minority ethnic backgrounds
• Enhancing UAV manoeuvres and control using distributed sensor arrays
• Ensuring the Safety and Security of Autonomous Cyber-Physical Systems
• Environmental and genetic determinants of Brassica crop damage by the agricultural pest Diamondback moth
• Estimating marine mammal abundance and distribution from passive acoustic and biotelemetry data
• Evolution of symbiosis in a warmer world
• Examining evolutionary loss of calcification in coccolithophores
• Explainable AI (XAI) for health
• Explaining process, pattern and dynamics of marine predator hotspots in the Southern Ocean
• Exploring dynamics of natural capital in coastal barrier systems
• Exploring the mechanisms of microplastics incorporation and their influence on the functioning of coral holobionts
• Exploring the potential electrical activity of gut for healthcare and wellbeing
• Exploring the trans-local nature of cultural scene
• Facilitating forest restoration sustainability of tropical swidden agriculture
• Faulting, fluids and geohazards within subduction zone forearcs
• Faulting, magmatism and fluid flow during volcanic rifting in East Africa
• Fingerprinting environmental releases from nuclear facilities
• Flexible hybrid thermoelectric materials for wearable energy harvesting
• Floating hydrokinetic power converter
• Glacial sedimentology associated subglacial hydrology
• Green and sustainable Internet of Things
• How do antimicrobial peptides alter T cell cytokine production?
• How do calcifying marine organisms grow? Determining the role of non-classical precipitation processes in biogenic marine calcite formation
• How do neutrophils alter T cell metabolism?
• How well can we predict future changes in biodiversity using machine learning?
• Hydrant dynamics for acoustic leak detection in water pipes
• If ‘Black Lives Matter’, do ‘Asian Lives Matter’ too? Impact trajectories of organisation activism on wellbeing of ethnic minority communities
• Illuminating luciferin bioluminescence in dinoflagellates
• Imaging quantum materials with an XFEL
• Impact of neuromodulating drugs on gut microbiome homeostasis
• Impact of pharmaceuticals in the marine environment in a changing world
• Impacts of environmental change on coastal habitat restoration
• Improving subsea navigation using environment observations for long term autonomy
• Information theoretic methods for sensor management
• Installation effect on the noise of small high speed fans
• Integrated earth observation mapping change land sea
• Interconnections of past greenhouse climates
• Investigating IgG cell depletion mechanisms
• Is ocean mixing upside down? How mixing processes drive upwelling in a deep-ocean basin
• Landing gear aerodynamics and aeroacoustics
• Lightweight gas storage: real-world strategies for the hydrogen economy
• Long-term change in the benthos – creating robust data from varying camera systems
• Machine learning for multi-robot perception
• Marine ecosystem responses to past climate change and its oceanographic impacts
• Mechanical effects in the surf zone - in situ electrochemical sensing
• Microfluidic cell isolation systems for sepsis
• Migrant entrepreneurship, gender and generation: context and family dynamics in small town Britain
• Miniaturisation in fishes: evolutionary and ecological perspectives
• Modelling high-power fibre laser and amplifier stability
• Modelling soil dewatering and recharge for cost-effective and climate resilient infrastructure
• Modelling the evolution of adaptive responses to climate change across spatial landscapes
• Nanomaterials sensors for biomedicine and/or the environment
• New high-resolution observations of ocean surface current and winds from innovative airborne and satellite measurements
• New perspectives on ocean photosynthesis
• Novel methods of detecting carbon cycling pathways in lakes and their impact on ecosystem change
• Novel technologies for cyber-physical security
• Novel transparent conducting films with unusual optoelectronic properties
• Novel wavelength fibre lasers for industrial applications
• Ocean circulation and the Southern Ocean carbon sink
• Ocean influence on recent climate extremes
• Ocean methane sensing using novel surface plasmon resonance technology
• Ocean physics and ecology: can robots disentangle the mix?
• Ocean-based Carbon Dioxide Removal: Assessing the utility of coastal enhanced weathering
• Offshore renewable energy (ORE) foundations on rock seabeds: advancing design through analogue testing and modelling
• Optical fibre sensing for acoustic leak detection in buried pipelines
• Optimal energy transfer in nonlinear systems
• Optimizing machine learning for embedded systems
• Oxidation of fossil organic matter as a source of atmospheric CO2
• Partnership dissolution and re-formation in later life among individuals from minority ethnic communities in the UK
• Personalized multimodal human-robot interactions
• Preventing disease by enhancing the cleaning power of domestic water taps using sound
• Quantifying riparian vegetation dynamics and flow interactions for Nature Based Solutions using novel environmental sensing techniques
• Quantifying the response and sensitivity of tropical forest carbon sinks to various drivers
• Quantifying variability in phytoplankton electron requirements for carbon fixation
• Resilient and sustainable steel-framed building structures
• Resolving Antarctic meltwater events in Southern Ocean marine sediments and exploring their significance using climate models
• Robust acoustic leak detection in water pipes using contact sound guides
• Silicon synapses for artificial intelligence hardware
• Smart photon delivery via reconfigurable optical fibres
• The Gulf Stream control of the North Atlantic carbon sink
• The Mayflower Studentship: a prestigious fully funded PhD studentship in bioscience
• The calming effect of group living in social fishes
• The duration of ridge flank hydrothermal exchange and its role in global biogeochemical cycles
• The evolution of symmetry in echinoderms
• The impact of early life stress on neuronal enhancer function
• The oceanic fingerprints on changing monsoons over South and Southeast Asia
• The role of iron in nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis in changing polar oceans
• The role of singlet oxygen signaling in plant responses to heat and drought stress
• Time variability on turbulent mixing of heat around melting ice in the West Antarctic
• Triggers and Feedbacks of Climate Tipping Points
• Uncovering the drivers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression using patient derived organoids
• Understanding recent land-use change in Snowdonia to plan a sustainable future for uplands: integrating palaeoecology and conservation practice
• Understanding the role of cell motility in resource acquisition by marine phytoplankton
• Understanding the structure and engagement of personal networks that support older people with complex care needs in marginalised communities and their ability to adapt to increasingly ‘digitalised’ health and social care
• Unpicking the Anthropocene in the Hawaiian Archipelago
• Unraveling oceanic multi-element cycles using single cell ionomics
• Unravelling southwest Indian Ocean biological productivity and physics: a machine learning approach
• Using acoustics to monitor how small cracks develop into bursts in pipelines
• Using machine learning to improve predictions of ocean carbon storage by marine life
• Vulnerability of low-lying coastal transportation networks to natural hazards
• Wideband fibre optical parametric amplifiers for Space Division Multiplexing technology
• Will it stick? Exploring the role of turbulence and biological glues on ocean carbon storage
• X-ray imaging and property characterisation of porous materials
• Postgraduate Taught Diversity Scholarship (Environmental and Life Sciences)
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What Do Students at Elite Colleges Really Want?

Many of Harvard’s Generation Z say “sellout” is not an insult.

Credit... Jeff Hinchee

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By Francesca Mari

• Published May 22, 2024 Updated May 24, 2024, 2:18 p.m. ET

The meme was an image of a head with “I need to get rich” slapped across it. “Freshmen after spending 0.02 seconds on campus,” read the caption, posted in 2023 to the anonymous messaging app Sidechat.

The campus in question was Harvard, where, at a wood-paneled dining hall last year, two juniors explained how to assess a fellow undergraduate’s earning potential. It’s easy, they said, as we ate mussels, beets and sautéed chard: You can tell by who’s getting a bulge bracket internship.

“What?” Benny Goldman, a then-28-year-old economics P.h.D. student and their residential tutor, was confused.

One of the students paused, surprised that he was unfamiliar with the term: A bulge bracket bank, like Goldman Sachs , JPMorgan Chase or Citi. The biggest, most prestigious global investment banks. A B.B., her friend explained. Not to be confused with M.B.B. , which stands for three of the most prestigious management consulting firms: McKinsey, Bain and Boston Consulting Group.

While the main image of elite campuses during this commencement season might be activists in kaffiyehs pitching tents on electric green lawns, most students on campus are focused not on protesting the war in Gaza, but on what will come after graduation.

Despite the popular image of this generation — that of Greta Thunberg and the Parkland activists — as one driven by idealism, GenZ students at these schools appear to be strikingly corporate-minded. Even when they arrive at college wanting something very different, an increasing number of students at elite universities seek the imprimatur of employment by a powerful firm and “making a bag” (slang for a sack of money) as quickly as possible.

Elite universities have always been major feeders into finance and consulting, and students have always wanted to make money. According to the annual American Freshman Survey , the biggest increase in students wanting to become “very well off financially” happened between the 1970s and 1980s, and it’s been creeping up since then.

But in the last five years, faculty and administrators say, the pull of these industries has become supercharged. In an age of astronomical housing costs, high tuition and inequality, students and their parents increasingly see college as a means to a lucrative job, more than a place to explore.

A ‘Herd Mentality’

At Harvard, a graduating senior, who passed on a full scholarship to another school, told me that he felt immense pressure to show his parents that their $400,000 investment in his Harvard education would allow him to get the sort of job where he could make a million dollars a year. Upon graduation, he will join the private equity firm Blackstone, where, he believes, he will learn and achieve more in six years than 30 years in a public-service-oriented organization.

Another student, from Uruguay, who spent his second summer in a row practicing case studies in preparation for management consulting internship interviews, told me that everyone arrived on campus hoping to change the world. But what they learn at Harvard, he said, is that actually doing anything meaningful is too hard. People give up on their dreams, he told me, and decide they might as well make money. Someone else told me it was common at parties to hear their peers say they just want to sell out.

“There’s definitely a herd mentality,” Joshua Parker, a 21-year-old Harvard junior from Oahu, said. “If you’re not doing finance or tech, it can feel like you’re doing something wrong.”

As a freshman, he planned to major in environmental engineering. As a sophomore, he switched to economics, joining five of his six roommates. One of those roommates told me that he hoped to run a hedge fund by the time he was in his 30s. Before that, he wanted to earn a good salary, which he defined as $500,000 a year.

According to a Harvard Crimson survey of Harvard Seniors, the share of 2024 graduates going into finance and consulting is 34 percent. (In 2022 and 2023 it exceeded 40 percent. The official Harvard Institutional Research survey yields lower percentages for those fields than the Crimson survey, because it includes students who aren’t entering the work force.)

These statistics approach the previous highs in 2007, after which the global financial crisis drove the share down to a recent low of 20 percent in 2009, from which it’s been regaining ground since.

Fifteen years ago, fewer students went into tech. Adding in that sector, the share of graduates starting what some students non-disparagingly refer to as “sellout jobs” is more than half. (It was a record-shattering 60 percent in 2022 and nearly 54 percent in 2023.)

“When people say ‘selling out,’ I mean, obviously, there’s some implicit judgment there,” said Aden Barton, a 23-year-old Harvard senior who wrote an opinion column for the student newspaper headlined, “How Harvard Careerism Killed the Classroom.”

“But it really is just almost a descriptive term at this point for people pursuing certain career paths,” he continued. “I’m not trying to denigrate anybody’s career path nor my own.” (He interned at a hedge fund last summer.)

David Halek, director of employer relations at Yale’s Office of Career Strategy, thinks students may use the term “sell out” because of the perceived certainty: “It’s the easy path to follow. It is well defined,” he said.

“It’s hard to conceptualize other things,” said Andy Wang, a social studies concentrator at Harvard who recently graduated.

Some students talk about turning to a different career later on, after they’ve made enough money. “Nowadays, English concentrators often say they’re going into finance or management consulting for a couple of years before writing their novel,” said James Wood, a Harvard professor of the practice of literary criticism.

And a surprising number of students explain their desire for a corporate job by drawing on the ethos of effective altruism : Whether they are conscious of the movement or not, they believe they can have greater impact by maximizing earnings to donate to a cause than working for that cause.

But once students board the prestige escalator and become accustomed to a certain salary, walking away can feel funny. Like, well, walking off an escalator.

Financial Pressures

The change is striking to those who have been in academia for years, and not just at Harvard.

Roger Woolsey, executive director of the career center at Union College, a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, N.Y, said he first noticed a change around 2015, with students who had been in high school during the Great Recession and who therefore prioritized financial security.

“The students saw what their parents went through, and the parents saw what happened to themselves,” he said. “You couple that with college tuition continuing to rise,” he continued, and students started looking for monetary payoffs right after graduation.

Sara Lazenby, an institutional policy analyst for the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said that might be why students and their parents were much more focused on professional outcomes than they used to be. “In the past few years,” she said, “I’ve seen a higher level of interest in this first-destination data” — stats on what jobs graduates are getting out of college.

“Twenty years ago, an ‘introduction to investment banking’ event was held at the undergraduate library at Harvard,” said Howard Gardner, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. “Forty students showed up, all men, and when asked to define ‘investment banking,’ none raised their hands.”

Now, according to Goldman Sachs, the bank had six times as many applicants this year for summer internships as it did 10 years ago, and was 20 percent more selective for this summer’s class than it was last year. JPMorgan also saw a record number of undergraduate applications for internships and full-time positions this year.

The director of the Mignone Center for Career Success at Harvard, Manny Contomanolis, also chalked up the change, in part, to financial pressure. “Harvard is more diverse than ever before,” Mr. Contomanolis said, with nearly one in five students eligible for a low-income Pell Grant . Those students, he said, weigh whether to, for instance, “take a job back in my border town community in Texas and make a big impact in a kind of public service sense” or get a job with “a salary that would be life changing for my family.”

However, according to The Harvard Crimson’s senior survey, as Mr. Barton noted in his opinion column, “The aggregate rate of ‘selling out’ is about the same — around 60 percent — for all income brackets.” The main distinction is that students from low-income families are comparatively more likely to go into technology than finance.

In other words, there is something additional at play, which Mr. Barton argues has to do with the nature of prestige. “If you tell me you’re working at Goldman Sachs or McKinsey, that’s amazing , their eyes are going to light up,” Mr. Barton said. “If you tell somebody, ‘Oh, I took this random nonprofit job,’ or even a journalism job, even if you’re going to a huge name, it’s going to be a little bit of a question mark.”

Maibritt Henkel, a 21-year-old junior at Harvard, is an economics major with moral reservations about banking and consulting. Ms. Henkel sometimes worries that others might misread her decision not to go into those industries as evidence that she couldn’t hack it.

“Even if you don’t want to do it for the rest of your life, it’s seen kind of as the golden standard of a smart, hardworking person,” she said.

Some students have also become skeptical about traditional avenues of social change, like government and nonprofits, which have attracted fewer Harvard students since the pandemic, according to the Harvard Office of Institutional Research.

Matine Khalighi, 22, founded a nonprofit to award scholarships to homeless youth when he was in eighth grade. When he began studying economics at Harvard, his nonprofit, EEqual, was granting 50 scholarships a year. But some of the corporations that funded EEqual were contributing to inequality that created homelessness, he said. Philanthropy wasn’t the solution for systemic change, he decided. Instead, he turned to finance, with the idea that the sector could marshal capital quickly for social impact.

Employers encourage this way of thinking. “We often talk about the fact that we work with some of the biggest emitters on the planet because we believe that’s how we actually affect climate change,” said Blair Ciesil, the global leader of talent attraction at McKinsey.

The Recruitment Ratchet

Princeton’s senior survey results are nearly identical to The Crimson’s Senior Survey: about 38 percent of 2023 graduates who were employed took jobs in finance and consulting; adding tech and engineering, the rate is close to 60 percent, compared with 53 percent in 2016, the earliest year for which the data is available.

This isn’t solely an Ivy League phenomenon. Schools slice their data differently, but at many colleges, a large percentage of students pursue these fields. At Amherst , in 2022, 32 percent of employed undergrads went into finance and consulting, and 11 percent went into internet and software, for a total of about 43 percent. Between 2017 and 2019, the University of California, Los Angeles, sent about 21 percent of employed students into engineering and computer science, 9 percent into consulting and nearly 10 percent into finance, for a total of roughly 40 percent

Part of that has to do with recruitment; the most prestigious banks and consulting firms do so only at certain colleges, and they have intensified their presence on those campuses in recent years. Over the last five years or so, “the idea of thinking about your professional path has moved much earlier in the undergraduate experience,” Ms. Ciesil said. She said the banks first began talking to students earlier, and it was the entrance of Big Tech onto the scene, asking for junior summer applications by the end of sophomore year, that accelerated recruitment timelines.

“At first, we tried to fight back by saying, ‘No, no, no, no, no, sophomores aren’t ready, and what does a sophomore know about financial modeling?’” said Mr. Woolsey at Union College. But, he added, schools “don’t want to push back too much, because then you’re going to lose revenue,” since firms often pay to recruit on campus.

The Effective Altruist Influence

The marker that really distinguishes Gen Z is how pessimistic its members are, and how much they feel like life is beyond their control, according to Jean Twenge, a psychologist who analyzed data from national surveys of high school students and first-year college students in her book “Generations.”

Money, of course, helps give people a sense of control. And because of income inequality, “there’s this idea that you either make it or you don’t, so you better make it,” Ms. Twenge said.

Mihir Desai, a professor at Harvard’s business and law schools, wrote a 2017 essay in The Crimson titled “ The Trouble With Optionality ,” arguing that students who habitually pursue the security of prestigious employment foreclose the risk-taking and longer-range thinking necessary for more unusual or idealistic achievements. Mr. Desai believes that’s often because they are responding to the bigger picture, like threats to workers from artificial intelligence, and political and financial upheaval.

In recent years, he’s observed two trends among students pursuing wealth. There’s “the option-buyer,” the student who takes a job in finance or consulting to buy more time or to keep options open. Then there’s what he calls “the lottery ticket buyer,” the students who go all-in on a risky venture, like a start-up or new technology, hoping to make a windfall.

“They know people who bought Bitcoin at $2,000. They know people who bought Tesla at $20,” he said.

Some faculty see the influence of effective altruism among this generation: In the last five years, Roosevelt Montás, a senior lecturer at Columbia University and the former director of its Center for the Core Curriculum, has noticed a new trend when he asks students in his American Political Thought classes to consider their future.

“Almost every discussion, someone will come in and say, ‘Well, I can go and make a lot of money and do more good with that money than I could by doing some kind of charitable or service profession,’” Mr. Montás said. “It’s there constantly — a way of justifying a career that is organized around making money.”

Mr. Desai said all of this logic goes, “‘Make the bag so you can do good in the world, make the bag so you can go into retirement, make the bag so you can then go do what you really want to do.’”

But this “really underestimates how important work is to people’s lives,” he said. “What it gets wrong is, you spend 15 years at the hedge fund, you’re going to be a different person. You don’t just go work and make a lot of money, you go work and you become a different person.”

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Dating apps are struggling to live up to investors’ expectations . Blame the members of Generation Z, who are often not willing to shell out for paid subscriptions.

Young people tend to lean more liberal on issues pertaining to relationship norms. But when it comes to dating, the idea that men should pay in heterosexual courtships  still prevails among Gen Z-ers .

We asked Gen Z-ers to tell us about their living situations and the challenges of keeping a roof over their heads. Here’s what they said .

What is it like to be part of the group that has been called the most diverse generation in U.S. history? Here is what 900 Gen Z-ers had to say .

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Private student loan interest rates fall for 5-year loans

The latest private student loan interest rates from the Credible marketplace, updated weekly. ( iStock )

During the week of May 6, 2024, average private student loan rates increased for borrowers with credit scores of 720 or higher who used the Credible marketplace to take out 10-year fixed-rate loans and decreased for 5-year variable-rate loans.

• 10-year fixed rate: 8.14%, up from 7.32% the week before, +0.82
• 5-year variable rate: 8.54%, down from 9.60% the week before, -1.06

Through Credible, you can compare private student loan rates from multiple lenders.

For 10-year fixed private student loans, interest rates rose by nearly a full percentage point, while 5-year variable student loan interest fell by just over a full percentage point.

Borrowers with good credit may find a lower rate with a private student loan than with some federal loans. For the 2023-24 academic school year, federal student loan rates will range from 5.50% to 8.05%. Private student loan rates for borrowers with good to excellent credit can be lower right now.

Because federal loans come with certain benefits, like access to income-driven repayment plans, you should always exhaust federal student loan options first before turning to private student loans to cover any funding gaps. Private lenders such as banks, credit unions, and online lenders provide private student loans. You can use private loans to pay for education costs and living expenses, which might not be covered by your federal education loans. 

Interest rates and terms on private student loans can vary depending on your financial situation, credit history, and the lender you choose.

Take a look at Credible partner lenders’ rates for borrowers who used the Credible marketplace to select a lender during the week of May 6:

Private student loan rates (graduate and undergraduate)

Who sets federal and private interest rates?

Congress sets federal student loan interest rates each year. These fixed interest rates depend on the type of federal loan you take out, your dependency status and your year in school.

Private student loan interest rates can be fixed or variable and depend on your credit, repayment term and other factors. As a general rule, the better your credit score, the lower your interest rate is likely to be.  

You can compare rates from multiple student loan lenders using Credible.

How does student loan interest work?

An interest rate is a percentage of the loan periodically tacked onto your balance — essentially the cost of borrowing money. Interest is one way lenders can make money from loans. Your monthly payment often pays interest first, with the rest going to the amount you initially borrowed (the principal). 

Getting a low interest rate could help you save money over the life of the loan and pay off your debt faster.

What is a fixed- vs. variable-rate loan?

Here’s the difference between a fixed and variable rate:

• With a fixed rate, your monthly payment amount will stay the same over the course of your loan term.
• With a variable rate, your payments might rise or fall based on changing interest rates.

Comparison shopping for private student loan rates is easy when you use Credible.

Calculate your savings

Using a student loan interest calculator will help you estimate your monthly payments and the total amount you’ll owe over the life of your federal or private student loans.

Once you enter your information, you’ll be able to see what your estimated monthly payment will be, the total you’ll pay in interest over the life of the loan and the total amount you’ll pay back. 

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Who can open a bank account?

• Basic requirements
• Additional requirements

Opening an account online vs. in-person

What do you need to open a bank account.

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• Some banks check your criminal record and citizenship before allowing you to open an account.
• You'll need a government-issued ID and proof of address to open a bank account.
• You may need extra documentation if you're under 18 or opening a student account.

To open any type of bank account, you'll need to provide basic information about yourself and in some cases an initial deposit. You also may need a few extra documents if you're opening a teen checking account or student bank account.

You generally must be 18 to open a bank account in the U.S., although you can open one if a parent or guardian co-owns the account.

Some institutions will turn you away if you have a criminal record or aren't a U.S. citizen, and others may reject you if you have a history of overdrafts or other negative activity with your previous bank.

Not all banks have the same eligibility requirements. If you find out you can't open an account with one bank, don't give up — keep looking.

If you do not have a Social Security number or U.S. ID to open a bank account, there are banks that permit immigrants and non-U.S. citizens to open an account . You may find an option near where you live.

If you've struggled to open a bank account due to a negative banking history, the best second chance checking accounts may be worth exploring.

Second chance banking does not use ChexSystems to review your banking history. Hence, you open a second chance bank account regardless of what your banking history looks like.

Basic requirements for opening a bank account

Having the following documents ready can help you prepare for bank account opening.

A government-issued ID

You'll need a driver's license, passport, or military ID to open an account.

If you don't have any of these documents and aren't ready to take a driving test, visit the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to get a state-issued ID. It's similar to a driver's license card, except it doesn't authorize you to drive — it's just a tool for identifying yourself.

Social Security number (SSN) or Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN)

If you're a U.S. citizen, bring your Social Security card to the bank or have it handy if you're applying online. If you're a non-U.S. citizen, bring proof of your ITIN.

If you don't have either, you can either order a replacement SSN card or apply for an ITIN online .

Proof of address

Bring a recent piece of mail with you that contains your home address, such as a utility bill or a bank statement from your current financial institution.

Opening deposit

Not all banks require an initial deposit to open an account, but some may ask for a deposit ranging from $5 to $100.

Be ready with cash or a check to make the deposit. You can also transfer money from another bank to your new account, but the other bank may charge a common bank fee for this activity.

Additional requirements if you're under 18, a student, or opening a joint account

A parent or guardian if you're under age 18.

You must be at least 18 years old to open a bank account on your own. You can open a bank account for a minor , but you must bring a parent or guardian with the necessary documentation to open the account with you.

Proof of enrollment if you're a student

Student bank accounts often come with extra perks, such as cash bonuses or waived monthly fees. You should bring proof of enrollment, like a school transcript, and your student ID.

Information for both people if you're opening a joint account

If you're opening a joint bank account , you'll need all the necessary documentation for both people.

Opening an account online is pretty similar to doing it in person — you just don't have to make the trip.

You'll still need all the same documentation to apply for a new bank account. An online application will likely have a way for you to scan or submit pictures of necessary documents. You can't make your opening deposit in cash, however, so the easiest way is to transfer money from another bank account.

If you are missing any of the documents needed to apply online, want to deposit cash or a check into the account, or you have banking questions, an in-person visit may be better.

Bank account opening FAQs

Yes, you can use an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). Some banks may permit other forms of identification, like a Matricula Consular.

Common documentation for a bank account opening includes a driver's license, passport, military ID, or state-issued identification card.

The minimum opening deposit required to open an account may vary from $0 to $100.

Certain banks allow non-residents to open accounts online but may require additional documentation.

Filling out an online application can save you a trip to a physical bank branch. However, if you are missing any of the necessary documents to apply online or you have banking questions, an in-person visit may be worth it.

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