mba project business plan

How to Choose the Right MBA Project Topics

Table of Contents

Now that we’ve explored some exciting project topics, how do you choose the one that’s right for you? Here are some tips:

Consider Your Interests and Career Goals: Choose a topic that aligns with your passions and future career aspirations.
Evaluate Feasibility and Data Availability: Ensure you have access to the necessary data and resources to complete your project successfully.
Consult with Faculty or Industry Professionals: Seek guidance from your professors or industry experts to refine your topic and approach. If you’re wondering about the credibility of specific MBA programs, such as asking yourself, “ Is Quantic MBA legit? “, getting insights from graduates or educational reviews can help you make informed decisions.
Importance of Originality: Aim for a topic that contributes new insights or approaches to the field, showcasing your creativity and analytical skills.

Human Resources

Employee Engagement Strategies for Remote Teams: Develop effective strategies to enhance employee engagement and motivation in remote work settings.
Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives in Multinational Corporations: Analyze diversity and inclusion programs in multinational companies, assessing their impact on organizational culture and performance.
Talent Management Practices in the IT Industry: Study talent management strategies and practices in the Information Technology sector, focusing on recruitment and retention.
Performance Appraisal Systems: A Comparative Study: Compare different performance appraisal systems used by organizations and their impact on employee performance and satisfaction.
Work-Life Balance Programs and Employee Wellbeing: Evaluate the effectiveness of work-life balance programs in improving employee wellbeing and productivity.
Leadership Styles and Organizational Culture: Analyze how different leadership styles contribute to shaping organizational culture and employee engagement.
Training and Development Programs: Impact on Employee Performance: Investigate the effectiveness of training and development programs in enhancing employee skills and performance.
Workplace Stress Management Strategies: Develop strategies to manage workplace stress and promote employee mental health and wellbeing.
Employee Retention Strategies in High-Tech Industries: Identify and analyze effective strategies for retaining talent in high-tech industries with high turnover rates.
Gender Pay Gap Analysis and Equal Pay Policies: Study the gender pay gap in various industries and evaluate the effectiveness of equal pay policies in reducing disparities.

Operations Management

Supply Chain Optimization in Manufacturing Sector: Optimize supply chain processes and logistics in the manufacturing industry to reduce costs and improve efficiency.
Lean Management Implementation in Service Sector: Implement Lean management principles in service-oriented organizations to eliminate waste and improve operational efficiency.
Inventory Management Strategies for Retail Chains: Develop inventory management strategies to minimize stockouts and excess inventory in retail chains.
Six Sigma Implementation in Healthcare: Quality Improvement: Implement Six Sigma methodologies in healthcare organizations to improve quality of care and patient outcomes.
Logistics and Distribution Network Optimization: Optimize logistics and distribution networks to improve delivery times and reduce transportation costs.
Operations Planning and Control in the Food Industry: Develop efficient operations planning and control strategies for food processing and distribution companies.
Total Quality Management (TQM) Practices: Case Studies: Study successful case studies of Total Quality Management implementation in various industries.
Process Automation and Robotics in Manufacturing: Explore the use of automation and robotics in manufacturing processes to improve productivity and efficiency.
Service Quality Measurement and Improvement in Hospitality: Develop tools and techniques to measure and improve service quality in the hospitality industry.
Green Operations: Sustainability Practices in Manufacturing: Implement sustainable and eco-friendly practices in manufacturing operations to reduce environmental impact.

Entrepreneurship

Feasibility Study for a Tech Startup: Conduct a feasibility study for a tech startup, analyzing market demand, competition, and financial projections.
Business Plan Development for a Social Enterprise: Develop a comprehensive business plan for a social enterprise focusing on social impact and sustainability.
Crowdfunding as a Financing Option for Startups: Explore the use of crowdfunding platforms as a viable financing option for early-stage startups.
Franchise Business Model: Analysis and Case Studies: Analyze the franchise business model and study successful case studies of franchise operations.
E-commerce Market Entry Strategy for Small Businesses: Develop an e-commerce market entry strategy for small businesses to expand their online presence.
Innovation Management in Startups: Best Practices: Study best practices for managing innovation and creativity in startup environments.
Angel Investing: Strategies and Risk Management: Explore angel investing strategies and risk management practices for investors in early-stage startups.
Entrepreneurial Leadership: Traits and Success Factors: Analyze the traits and characteristics of successful entrepreneurial leaders in various industries.
International Expansion Strategies for SMEs: Develop strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to expand into international markets.
Business Model Innovation: Disruptive Strategies: Explore disruptive business model innovation strategies used by successful startups to gain a competitive edge.

General Management

Change Management Strategies in Organizations: Develop change management strategies to facilitate organizational transitions and transformations.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Programs: Impact Assessment: Evaluate the impact of CSR programs on brand reputation and stakeholder perceptions.
Strategic Alliances and Joint Ventures: Case Studies: Study successful case studies of strategic alliances and joint ventures in various industries.
Crisis Management and Communication Strategies: Develop crisis management plans and effective communication strategies for organizations facing crises.
Market Research and Analysis for New Product Launch: Conduct market research and analysis to guide the launch of a new product or service.
Project Management Best Practices: Implementation: Study and implement project management best practices for successful project execution.
Knowledge Management Systems: Implementation and Benefits: Implement knowledge management systems in organizations to capture and share valuable knowledge.
Business Process Reengineering (BPR) for Organizational Efficiency: Redesign and optimize business processes using Business Process Reengineering methodologies.
Strategic HR Planning for Organizational Growth: Develop strategic HR plans to align human resources with organizational goals and growth objectives.
Technology Adoption and Integration Strategies: Develop strategies for the adoption and integration of new technologies to drive business growth.

International Business

Global Market Entry Strategies for Multinational Corporations: Develop market entry strategies for multinational corporations expanding into new global markets.
Cultural Intelligence in International Business Negotiations: Study the role of cultural intelligence in successful international business negotiations.
International Trade Policies and Impact on Global Business: Analyze international trade policies and their implications for global businesses.
Cross-Cultural Leadership: Challenges and Strategies: Explore challenges and strategies for effective cross-cultural leadership in multinational organizations.
Export Marketing Strategies for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): Develop export marketing strategies for SMEs looking to enter international markets.
Global Supply Chain Management: Best Practices: Study best practices in global supply chain management to optimize international operations.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Trends and Analysis: Analyze trends in Foreign Direct Investment and their impact on global economies.
Political Risk Analysis for International Business: Assess political risks and their impact on international business operations and investments.
Global Branding and Positioning Strategies: Develop global branding and positioning strategies for products and services in diverse markets.
International Business Negotiation Strategies: Study negotiation strategies and tactics for successful international business deals.

Information Technology Management

Cybersecurity Threats and Risk Management: Analyze cybersecurity threats and develop risk management strategies for organizations.
Big Data Analytics for Business Intelligence: Implement Big Data analytics to derive business insights and improve decision-making.
Cloud Computing Adoption: Challenges and Opportunities: Study the challenges and opportunities of adopting cloud computing in organizations.
Digital Transformation Strategies for Traditional Businesses: Develop strategies for traditional businesses to undergo digital transformation.
Blockchain Technology Applications in Supply Chain: Explore the applications of blockchain technology in optimizing supply chain processes.
AI and Machine Learning for Predictive Analytics: Implement AI and machine learning algorithms for predictive analytics in business.
IT Governance and Compliance Frameworks: Develop IT governance frameworks to ensure compliance and data security.
Mobile App Development for Business Solutions: Design and develop mobile applications to address business challenges and enhance customer experience.
IT Infrastructure Optimization and Cost Reduction: Optimize IT infrastructure to reduce costs and improve efficiency in organizations.
ERP Implementation and Business Process Integration: Implement Enterprise Resource Planning systems for seamless business process integration.

Healthcare Management

Healthcare Quality Improvement Initiatives: Develop quality improvement initiatives to enhance patient care and safety in healthcare settings.
Healthcare Innovation: Telemedicine and Remote Monitoring: Explore the use of telemedicine and remote monitoring technologies to improve healthcare delivery.
Health Information Systems: Implementation and Benefits: Implement Health Information Systems to improve patient data management and healthcare efficiency.
Healthcare Cost Analysis and Optimization: Analyze healthcare costs and develop strategies to optimize spending and improve financial performance.
Patient Satisfaction and Service Quality in Hospitals: Evaluate patient satisfaction levels and service quality in hospitals, identifying areas for improvement.
Healthcare Policy Analysis and Impact Assessment: Analyze healthcare policies and assess their impact on healthcare organizations and patient care.
Healthcare Marketing Strategies for Hospitals: Develop marketing strategies to promote hospitals and healthcare services to the community.
Electronic Health Records (EHR) Implementation: Implement Electronic Health Record systems to enhance patient data accessibility and accuracy.
Healthcare Compliance and Regulatory Requirements: Ensure healthcare organizations comply with regulatory requirements and standards.
Healthcare Supply Chain Management Optimization: Optimize healthcare supply chain processes to ensure timely and cost-effective delivery of medical supplies.

Sustainability and Green Business

Corporate Sustainability Reporting and Transparency: Develop sustainability reporting frameworks to enhance corporate transparency and accountability.
Green Supply Chain Management Practices: Implement green supply chain management practices to reduce environmental impact.
Circular Economy Strategies for Waste Reduction: Develop strategies for implementing a circular economy model to minimize waste.
Renewable Energy Investment Analysis: Analyze the feasibility and returns of investments in renewable energy projects.
Sustainable Packaging Solutions for Consumer Goods: Develop sustainable packaging solutions to reduce environmental impact in the consumer goods industry.
Carbon Footprint Analysis and Reduction Strategies: Analyze carbon footprints of organizations and develop strategies to reduce emissions.
Water Management and Conservation in Industries: Implement water management practices to conserve water resources in industrial operations.
Biodiversity Conservation Strategies for Businesses: Develop strategies for businesses to contribute to biodiversity conservation efforts.
Green Building Design and Certification: Design green buildings and obtain certifications for sustainable construction practices.
Eco-Tourism Development and Sustainability: Develop eco-tourism initiatives that promote environmental conservation and community engagement.

Embarking on an MBA project is an exciting opportunity to apply your knowledge and make a tangible impact. Whether you’re delving into finance, marketing, human resources, operations, or entrepreneurship, there’s a vast landscape of topics to explore.

Remember, the right project topic can be the launching pad for your career, so choose wisely. Dive into MBA project topics that ignite your curiosity, challenge your intellect, and leave a lasting impression on your audience. Good luck on your MBA journey!

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What is an MBA Capstone Project?

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An MBA capstone project is the final step in many MBA programs. It’s here that MBA students put all that they’ve learned into practice by analyzing a meaningful and strategic business question. Often, this involves hands-on work within an existing company, but not always: MBA capstone projects can take the form of startup business plans and business simulations, too.

No matter their format or focus, each capstone project will likely be the most intensive and rewarding feature of an MBA candidate’s journey.

A capstone project is not the same as a thesis project, although they do share some qualities. Thesis projects are focused on theory and research and are based on the situations one would face in academia. Often taking the form of a large research paper, thesis projects can last the entire final year of an academic program, and some students may even begin before that, with the ultimate goal of contributing new knowledge to the canon of business research.

MBA capstone projects, by contrast, are more practical and similar to situations one would face in the business world. Here, students work in teams to answer strategic business questions. MBA capstones are hands-on immersions with real-world consequences, and they can have a major impact on an MBA graduate’s program experience and career.

Read on to see some examples of MBA capstone projects and get a walkthrough of the general process.

Stages of an MBA Capstone Project

Most MBA capstone projects occur during a program’s final year and can last anywhere from four weeks to a full semester. They often include some form of instruction (whether through prerequisite courses or scheduled advising) and practical application.

While MBA capstone programs will vary in format from program to program, they generally include the following stages:

Topic Selection
Preliminary Research
Project Execution
Written Report
Final Presentation

It’s not necessarily over after the final presentation, either: some capstone projects carry over beyond the MBA program, leading to successful startup businesses, offers of employment, or investment opportunities.

Choosing a Capstone Topic

Many MBA programs provide some structured options for choosing a capstone topic. This can mean students are allowed to select from a list of possible partnership opportunities; it can also mean that faculty advisors will work with students to find a topic that meets the student’s strengths, weaknesses, and goals. But in other programs, MBA students are more free to choose their topic and their partner organization.

In their capstone project, MBA students should select a topic where they can answer a meaningful and strategic business question: one that’s complex enough to warrant significant time and energy, but also realistic enough to be achievable. These are not theoretical questions; each is tailored to a specific real-world business.

Some examples of MBA capstone topics include:

What are the short-term outcomes of a mutual fund’s impact-investing initiative?
How do multinational companies’ diversity and inclusion efforts adapt to non-Western office environments?
What is the market feasibility of a startup’s application in target demographics?
How can a recently downsized organization recover employee morale while balancing the budget?

The capstone topic must be specifically relevant to the partner company or organization. To this end, MBA students should heavily research the company’s strengths, weaknesses, and objectives before selecting their topic.

Similarly, MBA students should also turn that lens on themselves: what problems do they want to explore in their business careers, what causes do they find interesting, and how can their unique skill set be best put to use?

How an MBA Capstone is Graded

Some programs provide MBA candidates with a rubric for how their capstone will be graded, while others do not. Most capstones are graded through their ability to demonstrate key business skills (theoretical, practical, applied, and reflective) across functional areas (finance, human resources, marketing, and operations).

The final presentation is also a factor, as this is where the candidate demonstrates what they learned, or didn’t, through the course of the capstone.

An MBA candidate will rarely fail their capstone project. After all, they’ve made it through practically an entire MBA program up until then. Even if the project is a failure from a business point of view, an MBA candidate will likely still be able to effectively analyze where and why the project failed, and what lessons can be learned from that failure going forward.

Examples of MBA Capstone Projects

Ucla anderson school of management capstone project.

The MBA program at UCLA Anderson School of Management offers three capstone options: the Global Access Program (GAP), the Business Creation Project (BCP), and Anderson Student Asset Management (ASAM).

In the GAP, students partner with high-growth global companies in a market-entry consulting project. Working in five- to six-person teams, students bid on partnership opportunities, perform five to six months of research, then travel internationally to the partner organization. Combining interviews, meetings, and research, the students develop effective strategic business plans to advance the organization’s growth and present it to the organization’s executives, potential investors, and industry professionals.

Along the way, students are advised by faculty members who have directed, invested in, and provided consulting services to leading companies worldwide. In the last 20 years, over 3,000 students have completed the GAP, impacting 738 companies across 23 countries.

For students with an entrepreneurship focus, the BCP offers them the chance to launch a company. Students will work in teams across two academic quarters after taking two prerequisite courses to prepare their business plans. Through extensive research, development, and implementation, students will put strategies for every aspect of their business into practice. In three years, the BCO has had 47 teams and launched 24 companies.

The ASAM program is for current and aspiring quants who want experience as successful long-term portfolio managers. Guided by a faculty advisor and oversight committee, students in the ASAM program will select an optimal mix of equity, fixed income, and cash investments. Each four-member team manages approximately $200,000. Students will rotate work roles between that of an executive board member, strategy lead, risk manager, and programmer.

Carnegie Mellon University Tepper School of Business Capstone Project

The MBA program at Carnegie Mellon University Tepper School of Business offers students two different forms of capstone program: Strategic Management of the Enterprise and Management Game.

The Strategic Management of the Enterprise capstone is an experiential learning course where students are matched with one of several consulting projects to solve business problems partner companies face. This is a more traditional capstone program, focused on the practical application of business skills learned through the MBA curriculum. Past clients have included Walmart, P&G, and Ameriprise.

Tepper’s Management Game capstone is an applied management experience. Student teams run a computer-simulated multinational manufacturing company for three years, acting as its executive committee. Taking place at the end of the MBA program’s curriculum, the Management Game capstone focuses on the unstructured nature of business problems and prods students to use all the functional skills they’ve learned so far. External-facing exercises include interaction with industry partners and are related to each student’s career choices.

Uniquely, the Management Game capstone is graded by external professionals on the merit of the results students deliver; students can receive direct feedback from corporate partners throughout the process.

University of Dallas Satish & Yasmin Gupta College of Business Capstone Consulting Experience

The capstone consulting experience in the MBA program at the University of Dallas allows students to solve a strategic problem an organization faces. Since it was launched in 1973 as one of the first student consulting and research programs in the U.S., this capstone consulting experience has prepared graduates to consult with business leaders. MBA students in this capstone consulting experience have completed over 900 projects for over 500 companies including Fortune 1000 firms, entrepreneurial ventures, and nonprofit organizations.

Under the guidance of faculty members, students participate on a team assigned to work with a real organization on a 12-week comprehensive project. Every team will work together to provide actionable recommendations, including a proposal, industry/market research, a presentation, and recommendations in the form of a report.

Matt Zbrog is a writer and researcher from Southern California. Since 2018, he’s written extensively about how new and aspiring business school students can best plan their education and careers. In the Two Views series, he conducts detailed interviews with recent business school alumni, with a particular focus on the choice between in-person, online, and hybrid learning models. His Femme-BA series highlights business schools that not only excel academically but also take unique and robust steps to support a diverse and inclusive learning environment for women.

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MBA Capstone Project Ideas | Example & Outline

MBA Capstone Project Ideas and Topics To Write About

Completing an MBA is no small feat. In addition to completing coursework, students must also complete a capstone project in order to graduate. The capstone project is designed to showcase the student’s knowledge and skills learned throughout their MBA program.

If you’re looking for ideas and topics for your MBA capstone project , look no further! This article will provide you with some great ideas that you can use for your project.

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List of Fifty MBA Capstone Project Ideas (MBA Capstone Project Ideas and Topics To Write About)

Develop a new product or service for your company.
Create a marketing plan for your company’s product or service.
Conduct a customer satisfaction survey and analyze the results.
Develop a social media strategy for your company.
Write a business plan for a new venture.
Develop a financial plan for your company.
Write a human resources policy manual for your company.
Research and write a report on a current business topic of interest to your company.
Develop an advertising campaign for your company’s product or service.
Write a public relations plan for your company.
Design a new company logo or update an existing one.
Create a company website or update an existing one.
Develop a direct marketing campaign for your company’s product or service.
Write a market research report on a current business topic of interest to your company.
Plan and execute a special event for your company (e.g., a grand opening, trade show booth, etc.).
Develop a sales training program for your company’s sales force.
Write an operations manual for your company.
Develop a quality control plan for your company’s products or services.
Create a customer service training program for your company’s customer service representatives.
Research and write a report on a current industry trend of interest to your company.
Develop a business continuity plan for your company.
Develop an environmental health and safety plan for your company.
Create a corporate giving program for your company.
Plan and execute a fund-raising event for your favorite charity.
Develop a social media strategy for promoting your company’s product or service.
Write a marketing plan for launching a new product or service.
Conduct customer focus groups to gather feedback on a new product or service concept.
Write a report on your findings from customer focus groups testing a new product or service concept.
Develop a promotional campaign for a new product or service launch.
Plan and execute a trade show booth display to promote your company’s products or services.
Develop an advertising campaign for a new product or service launch.
Write a public relations plan for promoting a new product or service launch.
Create point-of-purchase displays to promote your company’s products in retail stores.
write an article about your company’sproducts or services for a trade publication.
Develop a direct mail campaign to promote your company’s products or services.
Plan and execute a grand opening event for a new retail store location.
Develop a social media strategy for promoting your company’s grand opening event.
Write a press release about your company’s grand opening event.
Create a TV commercial to promote your company’s products or services.
Produce a radio commercial to promote your company’s products or services.
Plan and execute a media relations campaign to promote your company in the news.
Develop an online marketing strategy to promote your company’s products or services online.
Create banner ads and other online advertising to promote your company’s product or service online.
Optimize your company’s website for search engine visibility to attract new customers online.
Write and distribute press releases about your company’s product or service launches, events, etc., online and offline.
Develop a blog and post regular entries about your company, its products, services, industry, etc.
Create and maintain active social media accounts for your company (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc.).
Plan and execute a direct marketing campaign to promote your company’s products or services.

MBA Capstone Project Topics

Choosing a capstone project for your MBA can be a daunting task. But never fear! We have compiled a list of fifty potential topics and ideas to help get you started.

Developing a marketing plan for a small business
Creating a business model for a new startup
Conducting a feasibility study for a proposed new product or service
Analyzing the competitive landscape for a particular industry
Evaluating the financial performance of a publicly-traded company
assessing the impact of political, economic, or social factors on business operations
Developing an international expansion strategy for a multinational corporation
Investigating the root cause of customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction
designing and implementing a lean manufacturing process
Streamlining the supply chain for a manufacturing company
Implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system in a manufacturing company
Creating a human resources plan for a small business
evaluating the effectiveness of training and development programs in an organization
designing and conducting employee engagement survey
Writing a research paper on any business-related topic of your choice
Develop a new business process for your company.
Implement a new software system for your company.
Write a business continuity plan for your company.
Develop a crisis management plan for your company.
Create an employee handbook for your company.
Develop an onboarding program for new employees at your company.
Write a job description for a new position at your company.
Conduct a salary survey and write a report on the results.
Develop a benefits package for employees at your company.
Write an Employee Code of Conduct for your company.
Develop a performance management system for your company.
Write a report on best practices for recruiting and hiring employees.
Develop a retention strategy for your company.
Conduct an exit interview with departing employees and write a report on the results.
Write a paper on the legal aspects of human resources management.
Develop a plan for managing workplace conflict at your company.
Write a report on effective communication in the workplace.
Develop a plan for managing change in the workplace.
Write a report on employee motivation and morale in the workplace.
Develop a wellness program for employees at your company.
Write a report on employee stress and its impact on the workplace.
Develop a plan for managing work-life balance in the workplace.
Write a report on the impact of technology on the workplace.
Develop a social media policy for your company.
Write a report on effective teambuilding in the workplace.
Develop a plan for managing remote employees.
Write a report on cross-cultural communication in the workplace.
Develop a plan for managing diversity in the workplace.
Write a report on ethics and compliance in the workplace.
Choose any other topic related to business management and write a research paper on it.

Current MBA Capstone Project Ideas

MBA students are often required to complete a capstone project as part of their degree program. A capstone project is typically an intensive research project that addresses a real-world problem or challenge faced by businesses or organizations. Students may work on their projects individually or in teams, and they may have the opportunity to present their findings to faculty, peers, and/or industry experts.

The following is a list of thirty ideas for MBA capstone projects:

Develop a marketing plan for a new product or service launch
Conduct a customer satisfaction survey and analyze the results
Develop a social media strategy for a business or organization
Create a financial plan for a small business
Analyze the impact of a change in the tax code on businesses
Study the feasibility of starting a new business in a specific industry
Research and write a white paper on a hot topic in business or management
Developa human resources plan fora small business
Evaluate the effectiveness of a sales training program
Designa customer loyalty programfora retail company
Evaluate the risks and rewards of expanding into international markets
Compare and contrast two differentbusiness models
Develop a business plan for a new venture
Write a case study on a successful or unsuccessful business
Research and write a report on a current trend in business
Developa social media policyfora company
Analyze the financial statements of a publicly traded company
Develop a marketing campaign fora new product or service
Evaluate the effectiveness of an advertising campaign
Conduct market research fora new product or service
Create a brand identity fora new business
Designa customer retention programfora business
Develop a sales strategy fora new product or service
Write a business plan fora new small business
Evaluate the risks and rewards of starting a franchise
Research and write a report on sustainable business practices
Develop an employee handbook fora small business
Write a case study on an ethical dilemma faced by a business
Research and write a report on the impact of technology on businesses
Develop a business continuity plan fora small business

Find out more on How to write DNP capstone project Methodology Chapter , How to write a DNP Capstone Project Literature Review , How to write a DNP capstone project chapter 1 – Introduction , and DNP Capstone project Abstract Examples [Outline & How-to] (how to write your nursing dissertation pdf)

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14 Professional Business Plan Samples [Downloadable pdf]

Looking for business plan examples for inspiration? Download or view 14 business plans examples/samples, vetted by our MBA business plan writers. Download in PDF format or read like a book. These real business plan samples would help in writing your own business plan.

14+professional business plan examples or samples

View Real Business Plan Examples/Samples

As an entrepreneur, effectively pitching your idea to attract investors and secure funding can be a challenge. Moreover, when launching a business, creating a comprehensive business plan is paramount.

To aid you in these crucial tasks, we offer a collection of real-world and sample business plan examples across diverse industries. A well-structured business plan is indispensable in the fast-paced entrepreneurial landscape, as it delineates your goals, strategies, and financial projections, providing a clear roadmap for your venture.

Our aim is to facilitate the creation of an effective business plan by integrating real-life examples to elucidate the key elements involved. Below, you’ll find a range of 14 detailed business plan examples available for download and use.

Important Sections to Include in Business Plan

To create a robust business plan, ensure inclusion of the following key sections:

Executive Summary: A brief snapshot of your business and the key highlights of your business plan. Read more
Product and Services: An elaborate description of the offerings you will provide to your customers. Read more
Marketing and Sales Plan: A strategic roadmap outlining how you intend to promote and market your business before, during, and after its launch. Read more
Operating Planning: An explanation of the systems, processes, and tools necessary to efficiently run your business behind the scenes. Read more
Organization and Management: Organization and management in a business plan outline the structure and leadership of the company. Read more
Financial Plan: A comprehensive plan mapping out your short-term and long-term financial goals and the associated costs of running your business. If you require funding, this section is where you can outline your request and financial needs. Read more
Key External Drivers: External drivers encompass factors like outsourcing, economic changes, industry competition, and business legislation complexity. Read more
Startup Summary: The startup summary offers a comprehensive financial overview of , detailing expenses, asset value, and total requirements, crucial for transparency with entrepreneurs and investors. Read more
Projected Industry Growth : Projected industry growth forecasts the sector’s expansion, offering a 10-year perspective and average annual growth rate, providing clarity to investors. Read more
Break-even analysis: The break-even analysis visually presents key metrics and a 12-month revenue forecast to help stakeholders grasp the point where the business covers costs and starts generating profit . Read more
Management Summary: The management summary provides a concise overview of organizational structure, key personnel, their roles, and financial commitments, ensuring stakeholders understand the business’s operational strength and leadership capability. Read more
Financial Indicators: The financial indicators section evaluates organizational fiscal health, focusing on year-over-year profitability metrics, leverage ratios, liquidity ratios, and additional metrics, providing a comprehensive understanding of the business’s financial performance and efficiency in revenue generation from equity investments. Read more

Practical Business Plan Examples Illustrating Strategies for Startup Success

1. E-commerce Plan Sample or Example

Something Borrowed Something New is a burgeoning e-commerce enterprise specializing in wedding accessories and personalized gifts. Operating on a drop-shipping model, this business has the capability to make a significant impact in the market.

Moreover, leveraging social networking and blogging can be instrumental in generating awareness and capturing interest, thereby creating a robust online marketing strategy for Something Old and Something New.

To enhance their business operations, they are contemplating the integration of a WhatsApp CRM system. This initiative aims to optimize communication with potential customers, ensuring prompt responses to inquiries and fostering a seamless interaction process.

2. Online Marketplace Business Plan Example or Sample

EPlace Solutions will be an innovative online marketplace business portal offering a variety of products to consumers throughout the globe. Founded by Mr. John Jones, a seasoned business visionary with an eye toward profit and achievement, the organization is set to enter the market in 2023.

Online shopping is at an all-time high with new consumer mindsets calling for them to shop for the types of deals and bargains that will be so much a part of the online marketplace business model.

3. Snack Bar Business Plan Sample / Business Plan Example

There is an increasing demand for snack-type fast food to be consumed while window shopping and walking around inside a shopping mall.

Do you plan to start a snack bar business? Then here’s a complete snack bar startup business plan template and feasibility report you can use FREE of charge. It sounds easy to open a snack bar, but in reality, you need well-planned strategies to ensure that your business stands the test of time.

Our snack bar business plan sample includes a detailed description of the products and services offered, as well as a market a nalysis and competitive analysis.

It also includes a financial plan that outlines the startup costs, revenue projections, and break-even analysis. We like this sample plan because it demonstrates how to build a profitable snack bar business by creating a unique menu and offering healthy, high-quality snac ks that meet custome r demand.

Your snack shop business plan can look as polished and professional as the sample plan. It’s fun and easy, with Wise Business Plan. Let’s review the snack shop business plan sample and adjust them according to your audience for the best results.

4. Coffee Shop Business Plan Sample/Business Plan Example PDF

A coffee shop business plan is a document that outlines what your business idea is and how it will be implemented. Its purpose is to answer questions such as what it costs to start a coffee shop, how these costs will be financed, and how much money you can expect to earn from your cafe.

Are you looking for the right business plan for your cafe? Let’s review the Coffee shop business plan sample to find out how cloud-based software can make your day-to-day work more efficient.

Our coffee shop business plan sample includes a detailed description of the products and services offered, as well as a market analysis and competitive analysis.

It also includes a financial plan that outlines the startup costs, revenue projections, and break-even analysis. We like this sample plan because it demonstrates how to build a profitable coffee shop business by creating a unique brand and offering high-quality products a nd customer service.

5. Food Hall Business Plan Sample/Business Plan Example PDF

In the food industry, there is fierce competition. To ensure success, you need to hit the ground running with the right pitch. Our food house business plan is the ideal solution with an attractive design highlighting key information and conveying the right message.

This food business plan example features food images intended to tantalize the taste buds. It captures the theme perfectly and will convey the ultimate message to investors, clients and customers.

It is important to remember that the business plan template can be customized to meet your company’s specific needs and requirements. It will help showcase your business as a leader in the modern industry.

This food business plan template provides key slides to showcase everything from finances to marketing and key competitors. If you prefer, you can alter the content displayed to meet your specific needs, but this is a good starting point.

Ultimately, this food house business plan will be suitable for any business operating in the food industry and keen to get interested from key individuals. It will ensure that you can build up the rep of your company.

We provide a one-of-a-kind sales pitch deck designed to appeal to your prospective audience, as well as a custom presentation tailored to their information requirements.

6. Printing Shop Business Plan Sample/Business Plan Example Plan

When establishing a think tank, you will need to develop a business plan and document it properly. As a mass think tank, you need a special strategy to legalize the think tank as a non-profit organization and to raise funds for your project successfully.

Copy and print businesses offer a variety of services to both businesses and consumers. A copy and print shop can handle everything from single-page printing to large-volume jobs using several types of media.

Our printing shop business plan sample includes a detailed description of the products and services offered, as well as a market analysis and competitive analysis. It also includes a financial plan that outlines the startup costs, revenue projections, and break-even analysis. We like this sample plan because it demonstrates how to build a profitable printing shop business by offering high-quality, customized printing services with a focus on customer s ervice and efficient operations.

Let’s take a look at Printing and Photocopy Business Plan Sample that you can use to inspire your own and easily create one.

7. Acquisition Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

The acquisition business plan sample is intended for businesses seeking to acquire another company or merge with a competitor. This plan includes an analysis of the target company, a valuation, and a strategy for integrating the acquired business into the existing operations. We like this sample plan because it provides a clear roadmap for the acquisition process and demonstrates the potential benefits of the deal.

8. L-1 Visa Business Plan Example with Sample PDF

At Wisebusinessplans, we understand that obtaining an L1 visa for an executive or manager requires a thorough and compelling business plan.

Our L1 business plan sample includes all the necessary components to satisfy USCIS requirements and demonstrate your qualifications and your company’s viability in the US market.

The L1 business plan sample is a comprehensive plan for a new business seeking L1 visa approval for an executive or manager. This plan focuses on demonstrating the applicant’s qualifications and the company’s viability in the US market.

We like this sample plan because it is specific to the L1 visa process and includes all the necessary components to satisfy USCIS requirements.

9. E-2 Visa Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

If you’re an entrepreneur seeking E-2 visa approval, Wise Business Plans can help you create a persuasive business plan.

Our E-2 business plan sample outlines your investment, business operations, and financial projections, providing a clear and compelling case for your ability to successfully run a business and make a significant economic impact.

The E-2 business plan sample is designed for entrepreneurs seeking E-2 visa approval, which allows individuals to invest in and manage a business in the United States. This plan outlines the applicant’s investment, business operations, and financial projections. We like this sample plan because it provides a clear and compelling case for the applicant’s ability to successfully run a business and make a significant economic impact.

10. EB-5 Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

If you’re looking to obtain an EB-5 visa by investing in a new commercial enterprise in the United States, Wise Business Plans can help you create a compelling business plan.

Our EB-5 business plan sample includes a description of your business, a market analysis, and financial projections, providing a detailed and persuasive case for the potential success of your venture.

The EB-5 business plan sample is designed for individuals seeking to obtain an EB-5 visa by investing in a new commercial enterprise in the United States. This plan includes a description of the business, a market analysis, and financial projections. We like this sample plan because it provides a detailed and persuasive case for the potential success of the business, which is crucial for obtaining EB-5 visa approval.

11. Investor Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

If you’re seeking investment from angel investors, venture capitalists, or other private equity firms, Wise Business Plans can help you create a compelling pitch.

Our investor business plan sample includes a pitch deck, financial projections, and a detailed analysis of the market the potential return on investment and the scalability of your business.

The investor business plan sample is intended for businesses seeking to attract investment from angel investors, venture capitalists, or other private equity firms. This plan includes a pitch deck, financial projections, and a detailed analysis of the market opportunity. We like this sample plan because it emphasizes the potential return on investment and the scalability of the business.

12. Nonprofit Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

At Wisebusinessplans, we’re committed to helping non-profit organizations achieve their social impact goals.

Our non-profit business plan sample includes a mission statement, programs and services, marketing and outreach strategies, and a financial analysis, providing a clear roadmap for establishing or expanding your organization.

The non-profit business plan sample is designed for organizations seeking to establish or expand a non-profit entity. This plan includes a mission statement, programs and services, marketing and outreach strategies, and a financial analysis. We like this sample plan because it demonstrates a strong commitment to social impact and outlines a clear strategy for achieving the organization’s goals.

13. Bank Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

Whether you’re seeking financing from a bank or other financial institution, Wise Business Plans can help you create a detailed and persuasive business plan.

Our bank business plan sample includes a thorough financial analysis, market research, and a strategy for achieving profitability, highlighting the key factors that banks consider when evaluating loan applications.

The bank business plan sample is tailored for businesses seeking financing from a bank or other financial institution. This plan includes a detailed financial analysis, market research, and a strategy for achieving profitability. We like this sample plan because it highlights the key factors that banks consider when evaluating loan applications, and provides a strong case for the borrower’s ability to repay the loan.

14. Cannabis Business Plan Sample/ Example PDF

The cannabis industry is rapidly growing, and Wise Business Plans can help you enter it with confidence.

Our cannabis business plan sample includes a market analysis, operational strategy, and regulatory compliance a comprehensive overview of the unique challenges and opportunities in the industry and offering a clear roadmap for success.

The cannabis business plan sample is tailored for entrepreneurs seeking to enter the rapidly growing cannabis industry. This plan includes a market analysis, operational strategy, and regulatory compliance plan. We like this sample plan because it provides a comprehensive overview of the unique challenges and opportunities in the cannabis industry, and offers a clear roadmap for success.

Detailed Overview of Key Components of a Business Plan

1. executive summary.

The executive summary is a concise overview of your business plan, highlighting the key points of each section. It should capture the essence of your business, its mission, and the purpose of the business plan. This section should be written last, but it’s placed at the beginning of the business plan. Here is an example executive summary from our professional business plan written for Eplace Solution , an innovative e-commerce portal.

Tips for Writing Executive Summary

Keep it brief and focused on key points.
Clearly define the problem and your solution.
Highlight market opportunities and growth potential.
Showcase your team’s qualifications.
Include financial projections.
End with a clear call to action.
Tailor it to your audience.
Review and update regularly.

the executive summary of a real estate business example

2. Company Overview or Description

In this section, provide a detailed description of your company, including its history, legal structure, location, and vision. Explain your mission statement and core values that guide your business decisions. Use real-life examples of successful companies and how their strong company descriptions have contributed to their growth. In addition, you can reuse your company description on your About page, Instagram page, or other properties that ask for a boilerplate description of your business.

This section also allows you to describe how you register your business . Here you must choose whether your business is a corporation, sole proprietorship, LLC , or another type of business .

Tips for Writing Company Description

Describe your company’s mission and vision.
Explain what your business does and the problems it solves.
Mention your target market and customer base.
Highlight your unique selling points.
Provide a brief history and background.

3. Market Analysis

A market analysis analyzes how you are positioned in the market, who your target customers are, what your product or service will offer them, and industry trends. It might be useful to do a SWOT analysis to discover your strengths and weaknesses to identify market gaps that you may be able to exploit to build your business.

As part of your market research, you’ll also need to perform a competitive analysis. It will give you an idea of who your competition is and how to differentiate your brand. Here’s an example of a competitive analysis we did for a food business.

Tips for Writing Market Analysis

Research and understand your industry thoroughly.
Identify market trends and growth opportunities.
Analyze your competitors and their strengths and weaknesses.
Define your target audience and their needs.
Include data and statistics to support your analysis.

4. Product and Services

Adding products and services to a business plan involves more than listing your company’s offerings. If you intend to gain funding or partner with another business, your products, and services section needs to demonstrate your company’s quality, value, and benefits.

Here’s an example of a product and service section in the business plan we wrote for an e-commerce business that offers wedding accessories.

An example of Product and service section of business plan

Tips for Writing Product and Services

Clearly describe your offerings and their features.
Explain how your products/services address customer needs.
Highlight any unique qualities or advantages.
Discuss your pricing strategy.
Mention any future product/service development plans.

Here is example of services section of a bank.

5. Marketing and Sales Plan

It is always a good idea to have a marketing plan before launching your business. A potential investor will want to know how you will advertise your business. Therefore, you should create a marketing plan that explains your planned promotion and customer acquisition strategies.

Discuss how you will make a sale. How will you attract customers and maximize their lifetime value? Ensure your marketing and sales forecasts align with your financial forecasts Marketing plans are usually based on the four Ps : product, price, place, and promotion. Breaking it down by marketing channels makes it easier. Discuss how you intend to market your business via blogs, email, social media, and word-of-mouth. Here is an example of marketing strategies we develop for a restaurant business.

Marketing plan of business plan screenshot

Tips for Writing Marketing and Sales Plan

Define your marketing goals and objectives.
Outline your marketing strategies, including channels and tactics.
Explain your sales strategy and target sales goals.
Include a budget for marketing and sales activities.
Discuss your sales team and their roles.
Detail your customer acquisition and retention strategies.
Mention any partnerships or collaborations for marketing and sales.

Example of marketing and sales plan section of a bank

6. Operation Planning

The operation plan should include all the steps needed to run the business in the long run. The plan should include details about logistics, duties for each department of the company, and responsibilities for the team.

The main aspect of running a business is its costs. Whether it’s machinery or services, each requires capital.

how to write an operation plan in a business plan

Tips for Writing Operational Planning

Describe your day-to-day business operations.
Explain your supply chain and production processes.
Outline your facility and equipment requirements.
Discuss your quality control and efficiency measures.
Mention any legal and regulatory compliance considerations.
Detail your staffing and management structure.
Include contingency plans for potential disruptions.

7. Organization and Management

In this section, you can describe your current team and the people you need to hire. You will need to highlight your team’s relevant experience if you intend to seek funding. Basically, this is where you demonstrate that this team can be successful in starting and growing the business.

Management summary of a business plan screenshot

Tips for Writing Organization and Management Summary

Introduce your leadership team and their roles.
Highlight their relevant experience and qualifications.
Explain your organizational structure and hierarchy.
Discuss key personnel responsibilities and functions.
Mention any plans for team growth or development.
Address any advisory boards or external support.

Management summary of coffee shoppe business.

8. Financial Plan

A financial plan should include sales and revenue forecasts, profit and loss statements , cash flow statements , and balance sheets .

Now, if you plan to pitch investors or submit a loan application, you’ll also need a “use of funds” report. Here you outline how you plan to leverage any funding you might acquire for your business.

With our business templates , you can create your own income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet.

Tips for Writing Financial Plan

Include detailed financial projections (income statement, cash flow, balance sheet).
Explain your funding requirements and sources.
Discuss your pricing and revenue model.
Describe your expense management and cost controls.
Mention any financial risks and mitigation strategies.
Highlight key financial milestones and goals.

Financial highlights of foodShack business.

9. Key External Drivers

External drivers refer to the external factors or influences that significantly impact the activity and growth of an industry. These drivers include outsourcing of non-core activities, changes in economic activity, competition from other industries, and the complexity of business legislation.

Additionally, external drivers encompass the effects of changes in new business formation, especially among small businesses, which directly affect the demand for services within the industry.

Tips for writing key external drivers

Identify and analyze current and emerging market trends in your industry.
Assess potential positive or negative impacts these trends may have on your business.
Evaluate broader economic conditions, including inflation rates, interest rates, and GDP growth.
Elucidate how changes in economic conditions could influence consumer behavior, product demand, and overall cost structure.
Outline key industry regulations and compliance requirements, discussing potential impacts on operations, costs, and market access.
Highlight relevant technological advancements and explain their potential effects on your product or service offerings, operations, and competitiveness.
Analyze current and potential future competitors, emphasizing the evolving competitive landscape’s impact on market share, pricing strategy, and overall business strategy.
Consider social and cultural factors influencing consumer preferences and behaviors, exploring how societal changes can affect product demand.
Evaluate environmental trends and regulations, discussing potential impacts on operations, supply chain, and customer perceptions.
Assess political stability, government policies, and geopolitical factors, exploring potential risks and opportunities from political changes.
Discuss global market conditions, analyzing how global economic trends, trade policies, and currency fluctuations may affect operations and expansion plans.
Identify and discuss potential risks in the supply chain, such as disruptions, shortages, or geopolitical issues.
Consider demographic shifts affecting your target market and discuss how changes may impact your customer base and marketing strategies.
Highlight key legal and regulatory factors affecting the business, discussing potential legal challenges, compliance costs, and regulatory changes.
Outline comprehensive risk management strategies, including contingency plans and risk mitigation strategies.
Explain how you will monitor external drivers and emphasize the importance of staying agile and responsive to changes in the external environment.

10. Startup Summary

The startup summary serves as a comprehensive overview of essential financial aspects, encompassing total startup expenses, the overall value of startup assets, and the total requirements, which is the cumulative sum of all expenses and startup investments.

It provides a clear financial snapshot, outlining the costs involved in launching the business, the value of assets acquired, and the overall financial needs for the startup.

This section is crucial for entrepreneurs and potential investors, offering a transparent understanding of the financial foundation required to initiate and sustain the business successfully.

This roadmap ensures a realistic evaluation of the business idea, identifying potential challenges and offering solutions.To write an effective plan, focus on what sets your venture apart from competitors, maintain conciseness, and embrace flexibility as a living document.

Answer fundamental questions about your business, create actionable checklists, execute the plan, and continually revise and update based on experiences and feedback.This iterative process fosters continuous improvement, helping entrepreneurs stay adaptable and enhance their business strategies over time.

Tips for writing Startup Summary

Clearly state the startup’s name and provide a concise description of its activities.
Include a succinct mission statement capturing the startup’s purpose and goals, reflecting its core values.
Specify the founding date and offer brief bios of key founders, highlighting relevant experience.
Summarize the startup’s concept, explaining offered products or services and key distinguishing features.
Clearly articulate the problem or need in the market that the startup addresses, defining the target audience.
State what makes the startup unique, whether it’s a special feature, market gap, or competitive advantage.
Provide a brief description of the market opportunity, covering target market size, trends, and growth prospects.
Outline how the startup plans to generate revenue, detailing streams, pricing strategy, and potential partnerships.
Offer a snapshot of the startup’s current status, highlighting key achievements such as product development or partnerships.
If seeking funding, clearly state the amount sought and its allocation, covering areas like product development and marketing.
Include a high-level financial summary with key projections for revenue, expenses, and profitability.
Briefly outline future aspirations and plans, encompassing areas like expansion, product development, or strategic partnerships.

11. Projected Industry Growth

The projected industry growth is a pivotal aspect that forecasts the expansion of a specific sector over a defined timeframe.

For instance, it could provide an estimate of where that particular business will be standing in the next 10 years, and what will be the average annual growth rate of that industry.

This information provides prospective investors and stakeholders with a clear understanding of the industry’s potential and positions the startup within a dynamic and flourishing market.

Tips for writing Projected Industry Growth

Emphasize the importance of industry trends and growth to your business.
Provide a concise overview, including market size, major players, and recent trends.
Briefly explain how you gathered data on industry growth projections (e.g., market research reports, expert interviews).
Identify and discuss prevailing trends, such as technological advancements, changes in consumer behavior, and regulatory shifts.
Summarize the industry’s historical growth, highlighting growth rates, market expansion, and notable milestones.
Highlight key factors expected to drive industry growth, such as emerging markets, technological innovations, and demographic shifts.
Discuss specific opportunities within the industry, including gaps in the market, underserved segments, or areas of competitive advantage.
Acknowledge potential challenges or risks that could impact industry growth, demonstrating a realistic understanding.
Present projections for future growth rates based on historical data, expert opinions, and your analysis. Include short-term and long-term projections.
Discuss how key competitors are positioned to leverage industry growth, emphasizing your business’s differentiation strategies.
Consider the regulatory landscape impacting growth, discussing anticipated changes and their potential effects on the industry.
Explore international trends and their implications for industry growth, including factors like global economic conditions and geopolitical influences.

Here is example of market analysis section of a bank.

Tips for Writing Projected Industry Growth

12. Break-even Analysis

The break-even analysis serves as a vital financial tool, offering a detailed estimation of key metrics such as Sales Revenue, Cost of Sales, Gross Profit, Fixed Expenses, and Income Before Tax.

These critical components are visually presented through a bar graph, providing a clear and concise overview of the financial dynamics.

Additionally, the break-even analysis delves into a 12-month forecast, outlining the projected amount of revenue generated and the corresponding fixed costs.

This section is instrumental in helping stakeholders understand the financial threshold at which the business covers its costs and begins to generate profit.

Tips for writing Break-even Analysis

Define break-even analysis as a financial calculation where total revenue equals total costs.
Identify constant costs regardless of production or sales levels.
Enumerate and explain costs changing with production or sales.
Present the break-even analysis formula, indicating the units needed to cover costs.
Perform a practical break-even calculation using business-specific fixed costs, selling price, and variable cost per unit.
Include a break-even chart or graph for a visual understanding of cost-revenue dynamics.
Conduct a proactive sensitivity analysis to explore how changes in variables impact the break-even point.
Specify the anticipated timeframe to reach the break-even point in terms of months or units sold.
Clearly outline assumptions made in the analysis and provide justifications for transparency and credibility.
Acknowledge potential risks or challenges that may affect the accuracy of the break-even analysis.
Briefly mention contingency plans for difficulties in reaching the break-even point within the projected timeframe.

13. Management Summary

The management summary within the business plan provides a concise overview of the organizational structure and key personnel.

This includes a count of individuals, specifying the number of founders and operational team members integral to the organization.

The summary delves into the roles and responsibilities of each key figure, offering insights into the leadership dynamics driving the business.

Furthermore, the management summary sheds light on the financial aspect by presenting details about personal wages and payroll allocations for both founders and operational staff.

This comprehensive section ensures a clear understanding of the human resource framework and the financial commitments associated with the management team, crucial for stakeholders evaluating the business’s operational strength and leadership capability.

Tips for Writing Management Summary

Highlighting the critical role the management team plays in the business’s success, the introduction emphasizes their significance.
Listing each key member with names, positions, and brief role summaries introduces the core of the management team.
Providing brief biographies for each team member underscores their relevant experience, skills, achievements, and industry-specific expertise.
Clearly outlining roles and responsibilities emphasizes how each team member’s skills contribute to the overall success of the business.
Sharing the team’s vision and strategy involves discussing key strategic goals and outlining the plans to achieve them.
Highlighting notable achievements or milestones showcases the team members’ successful ventures, industry recognition, or career accomplishments.
Discussing team dynamics emphasizes collaboration and the complementary nature of their skills in driving the business forward.
Introducing advisory board members, if applicable, underscores the additional guidance and expertise they bring to the business.
Discussing how the team plans to contribute to future growth and development includes strategies for talent acquisition, leadership development, and succession planning.
Touching on the team’s culture and values emphasizes their role in shaping the overall ethos of the business.
If seeking investment, briefly mentioning how the management team plans to use funding for business growth and development provides insight into their financial strategy.

Here is example of marketing and sales plan section of a bank.

14. Financial Indicators

The financial indicators section within the business plan helps in evaluating the fiscal health and performance of the organization.

Year-after-year profitability estimates take center stage, encompassing key metrics such as gross margin, net profit margin, and EBITDA to revenue.

These indicators provide a comprehensive understanding of the business’s ability to generate profit relative to its revenue.

Furthermore, the financial indicators extend to leverage ratios, including the critical Debt to Equity ratio, Debt to Assets ratio, and Interest Coverage ratio.

These metrics illuminate the organization’s capital structure, debt management, and its capacity to meet interest obligations.

Liquidity ratios includes the Current Ratio and Current Debt to Total Asset Ratio.

These ratios provide insights into the company’s short-term financial health and its ability to meet immediate obligations.

The financial indicator toolbox is enriched with additional metrics, notably the Revenue to Equity ratio, which sheds light on the efficiency of generating revenue from equity investments.

Tips For Writing Financial Indicators

Detailed revenue forecasts for the next 3-5 years. Breakdown by product/service and geographical regions.
Detailed breakdown of anticipated expenses. Include fixed and variable costs, operational expenses, and other relevant expenditures.
Historical P&L statements if available. Projected future profits and losses based on revenue and expense projections.
Outline of expected cash inflows and outflows. Emphasis on the ability to meet short-term obligations.
Snapshot of the company’s financial position. Includes assets, liabilities, and equity.
Calculation and presentation of key financial ratios (liquidity, solvency, profitability). Discussion on the significance of these ratios.
Identification and explanation of relevant KPIs. Highlighting alignment with the overall business strategy.
Discussion of potential financial risks. Mitigation strategies and addressing uncertainties.
Clear statement of the amount and purpose of funds required.
Outline of key assumptions underlying financial projections. Rationale for these assumptions.
Summary of industry financial trends and business positioning. Outlook on future financial prospects considering market dynamics.

Discover Business Plan Formats and Free Templates

Looking For The Right Business Plan Format?

These sample business plans will provide you with a complete structure and format for your business plan, which will give you a head start on developing your document, so you won’t be stuck seeing an empty page and wondering what to write.

Simply going through the process of writing a business plan is one of its key benefits. If you sit down to write, you’ll naturally think about your startup costs, your target market , and any market analysis or research you’ll need to conduct. In addition to defining your position among your competitors, you will establish your goals and milestones.

You can see what should be included in a sample financial plan, but It is wrong to assume that a sample company’s financial projections will fit your own. If you need more resources to get you started, we recommend this guide on how to write a business plan .

In addition, you can download our 40+ free business plan templates covering a range of industries.

Business Plan Examples For Students PDF

Common types of business plan, 1. one page business plan.

One-page business plans are short, compact, and to the point and are designed to make the plan easy to read at a glance. Make sure to include all of the sections, but truncate and summarize them

2. Start-up business plan

Start-up business plans are for businesses that are just getting started. They are usually developed to secure outside funding. In this regard, financials are of increased importance, as well as other sections that determine whether your business idea is viable, such as market research.

3. Strategic business plan

A strategic business plan lays out a company’s goals and how it will achieve them at a high level. It is a foundational document for the company as a whole. A strategic business plan allows all levels of the business to see the big picture, inspiring employees to work together to reach the company’s goals.

4. Feasibility business plan

Developing a feasibility plan answers two primary questions about a business venture: who would purchase the service or product the company wants to sell, and if the venture is profitable.

5. Internal business plan

Internal Business plans are geared to a specific audience within a company to keep your team on the same page and focused on the same goals.

Conclusion

In conclusion, whether you’re venturing into a traditional business or creating an innovative startup, the significance of a well-crafted business plan cannot be overstated. Different types of business plans cater to specific needs, from internal alignment to strategic expansion. Employing a template in MS Word ensures a polished presentation. The process of writing an executive summary, creating a plan, and defining the components of your business plan is essential.

Recognizing the need for a comprehensive and standard business plan can help guide your endeavors. Whether you choose to write a full business plan or opt for a one-page business overview, leveraging templates in MS Word can simplify the process. In essence, understanding the types of business plans and utilizing an executive summary template provides a structured approach to showcase your business overview.

Take inspiration from example business plans to tailor your strategy, ensuring a roadmap for success in the dynamic world of entrepreneurship. Always remember, a meticulously crafted business plan not only communicates your vision effectively but also serves as a valuable resource that can help secure investments and guide your business’s growth trajectory.

Frequently Asked Questions

Begin with an executive summary, delve into market analysis, outline your strategies, create financial projections, and use available business plan examples as templates to guide your writing.

A comprehensive business plan template should encompass key sections such as an executive summary, business description, market analysis, marketing strategy, organizational structure, and financial projections. Seek templates online that cover these elements.

Tailor your business plan to the scale of your small business. Define your objectives clearly, outline cost-effective strategies, and emphasize agility in adapting to market changes.

Explore well-crafted business plan examples you can visit our website wisebusinessplan.

The fundamental components include an executive summary, business description, market analysis, marketing and sales strategy, organizational structure, product/service description, and financial projections.

Investors focus on growth potential, detailed financial projections, market analysis, competition analysis, and the qualifications and experience of your management team when reviewing a business plan.

To find a business plan example for a tech startup,you can visit our visit wisebusinessplan .

A business plan provides a comprehensive overview of your entire business, including strategies, operations, and financials. In contrast, a business proposal typically focuses on a specific project or offer, outlining the details and benefits to a potential client.

Craft an engaging executive summary by summarizing your business’s mission, highlighting the market opportunity, showcasing your product or service, and providing a concise overview of your financial projections.

Seek tailored business plan examples for nonprofit organizations you can visit wisebusinessplan .

Download Pack of 14 Business Plan Examples

These business plans are written by MBA writers. Real-world use cases were used in these plans.

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MBA Project Ideas: No More Boring Projects. 12 No-Code Projects to Learn, Earn & Excel in 2024

If you are looking for non-boring, different-from-all, impactful MBA project ideas, then read this article until the end. Consider working on a no-code project to gain hands-on experience in building a real business.

Are you tired of the mundane and lackluster MBA projects that seem to lead nowhere?

Do you yearn for an opportunity to venture beyond the realms of academic exercises and delve into the real world of business?

You're not alone.

In 2024, MBA students are seeking more than just boring analysis paralysis types of projects; they crave tangible experiences and real-life lessons that can shape their future careers.

In this dynamic age of technology and innovation, the landscape of business projects has evolved drastically. The era of relying solely on theoretical models and traditional case studies is gradually giving way to the realm of hands-on, practical ventures. Enter the realm of "No-Code" projects – a transformative approach that empowers MBA students to build real businesses and products with absolutely zero coding involved.

So, why opt for these No-Code projects?

Because they offer an unrivaled opportunity to test theories in the crucible of real life, applying MBA knowledge to create thriving ventures. In this article, we make a case for MBA students to collaborate with local SMEs, and embark on a journey of exploration, learning the nuances of the industry, and crafting tech solutions that address tangible pain points.

Throughout this article, we present you with a curated selection of 12 No-Code project ideas tailor-made for MBA students in 2024. These projects don't merely seek to satisfy academic requirements; they promise to be transformative experiences that impart invaluable business acumen and technical know-how. From optimizing e-commerce stores to streamlining supply chains, from revolutionizing customer support to empowering HR processes, these ideas offer a plethora of opportunities to excel, learn, and even generate revenue.

You don't even have to worry about breaking your head with tedious, time-consuming stuff; there are numerous other products and services to help you setup and grow your business such as: SmallBusinessHQ & FirstBase for registering your business, Younium and ChargeBee for subscription management, Quickbooks and Zoho Books for bookkeeping, etc... There are tools available even to create a free LLC operating agreement !

Besides hands-on and exciting learning experience, imagine having your own successful, revenue-generating micro SaaS business by the time you graduate!

Embrace the era of innovation, and liberate your potential as an MBA student. In this realm of No-Code projects, there are no limits – only endless possibilities to build, learn, and thrive in the real world of business. So, join us on this journey, along with professional dissertation writers , as we explore the top 12 No-Code projects that will empower you to make a real impact in the dynamic landscape of business in 2024.

Top 12 MBA Project Ideas in 2024

These no-code projects can provide MBA students with hands-on experience in addressing the specific challenges faced by SMEs, offering practical solutions and valuable learnings for both the students and the SMEs involved.

1. SME Business Management Suite

MBA Project Idea: Develop an all-in-one platform for SMEs to manage their operations, including inventory, sales, finances, and customer relationships.

What pain point are you solving?

The SME Business Management Suite addresses the pain point of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) struggling with fragmented and inefficient management systems. It streamlines their operations and centralizes critical tasks, providing a comprehensive solution to manage inventory, sales, finances, and customer relationships in one platform.

What will you learn at the end of the project?

Gain proficiency in developing a full-fledged no-code application.
Acquire hands-on experience in integrating different modules, such as inventory management, sales tracking, financial analysis, and CRM, into a cohesive platform.
Enhance problem-solving skills by catering the suite to the specific needs of SMEs.
Learn how to conduct user testing and gather feedback to improve the platform's functionality and usability.

Time needed to complete the project: Approximately 12 weeks.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the SME Business Management Suite is estimated to be between $3,000 to $8,000 per month. (Source: Global Small Business Project Management Software Market )

2. Customer Feedback & Review System

Idea: Build a feedback and review management system that enables SMEs to gather customer insights and monitor their online reputation.

The Customer Feedback & Review System addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling to collect and manage customer feedback and reviews effectively. It streamlines the process of gathering insights, allowing businesses to make data-driven decisions, improve their products/services, and maintain a positive online reputation.

Develop proficiency in building a no-code application for feedback and review management.
Learn how to integrate various feedback collection methods, such as surveys, email requests, and social media monitoring.
Understand how to analyze and visualize customer feedback data to derive actionable insights.
Gain insights into best practices for handling negative reviews and improving customer relations.

Time needed to complete the project: Approximately 8 weeks.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Customer Feedback & Review System is estimated to be between $1,500 to $5,000 per month. (Source: Customer Experience Software Market Report )

3. Employee Performance Evaluation App

Idea: Develop a no-code app to streamline employee performance evaluations, feedback, and goal-setting for SMEs.

The Employee Performance Evaluation App addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling with manual and time-consuming employee evaluation processes. It provides a user-friendly platform to streamline performance assessments, offer timely feedback, and set actionable goals, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and employee engagement.

Gain expertise in building a comprehensive no-code application for employee performance management.
Understand how to design and implement a structured performance evaluation process.
Learn how to incorporate multi-rater feedback and self-assessments into the app.
Acquire insights into data privacy and security considerations for HR-related applications.

Time needed to complete the project: Approximately 10 weeks.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Employee Performance Evaluation App is estimated to be between $2,000 to $6,000 per month. (Source: HR Software Market Report )

4. Online Appointment Booking System

Idea: Create a platform that allows SMEs in the service industry to manage and schedule appointments with clients easily.

The Online Appointment Booking System addresses the pain point of SMEs in the service industry struggling with manual appointment scheduling and potential client mismanagement. It provides an efficient and user-friendly platform to manage bookings, reduce scheduling conflicts, and improve overall customer experience.

Master the art of building a no-code application for online appointment scheduling and management.
Understand how to integrate calendar functionalities and automate reminders for appointments.
Learn to create user roles and permissions for clients and staff members.
Gain insights into optimizing the user interface for seamless user experience.

Time needed to complete the project: Approximately 6 weeks.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Online Appointment Booking System is estimated to be between $1,000 to $4,000 per month. (Source: Industry Insights and Trends Report )

5. SME Financial Dashboard

Idea: Build a no-code dashboard that provides SMEs with a clear overview of their financial metrics, aiding in decision-making and financial planning.

The SME Financial Dashboard addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling to gain actionable insights from scattered financial data. It offers a consolidated view of key financial metrics, enabling businesses to make informed decisions, identify financial trends, and improve overall financial health.

Acquire proficiency in building a no-code financial dashboard that integrates data from various sources.
Learn to create dynamic visualizations, such as charts and graphs, to represent financial data effectively.
Understand how to implement data filtering and interactive features for customized financial analysis.
Gain insights into data security and privacy considerations when dealing with sensitive financial information.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the SME Financial Dashboard is estimated to be between $1,500 to $5,000 per month. (Source: Financial Software Market Analysis )

6. Inventory & Supply Chain Tracker

Idea: Develop a tool to help SMEs track inventory levels, manage orders, and optimize their supply chain process.

The Inventory & Supply Chain Tracker addresses the pain point of SMEs facing challenges in managing their inventory efficiently and optimizing their supply chain. It offers a centralized platform to track inventory levels, manage orders, and streamline the supply chain process, reducing stockouts and minimizing operational disruptions.

Gain expertise in building a comprehensive no-code tool for inventory and supply chain management.
Understand how to implement barcode or utilize a QR code generator for efficient inventory tracking.
Learn to automate reorder points and create alerts for low stock levels to avoid stockouts.
Acquire insights into supply chain optimization techniques to enhance operational efficiency.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Inventory & Supply Chain Tracker is estimated to be between $2,000 to $6,000 per month. (Source: Supply Chain Management Software Market Report )

7. HR Recruitment Portal

Idea: Build a platform to streamline SMEs' hiring process, from posting job listings to managing applications and conducting interviews.

The HR Recruitment Portal addresses the pain point of SMEs facing challenges in their hiring process, such as manual job posting, disorganized applicant tracking, and inefficient interview scheduling. It provides a user-friendly platform to streamline the entire recruitment process, saving time and effort while attracting top talent.

Master the creation of a no-code recruitment portal with end-to-end functionality.
Learn how to build a user-friendly interface for both employers and job seekers.
Understand how to integrate features like job posting, applicant tracking, and interview scheduling.
Gain insights into optimizing the platform for search engine visibility to attract a larger pool of candidates.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the HR Recruitment Portal is estimated to be between $2,500 to $7,000 per month. (Source: HR Tech Market Analysis )

8. Employee Training & Knowledge Base

Idea: Create an online platform to centralize employee training materials and company knowledge for easy access and learning.

The Employee Training & Knowledge Base addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling with scattered training materials and information, making it challenging for employees to access and learn crucial company knowledge. It provides a centralized platform that streamlines training, facilitates continuous learning, and improves overall employee productivity.

Develop expertise in building a comprehensive no-code platform for employee training and knowledge management.
Learn how to organize and categorize training materials and knowledge articles for easy navigation.
Understand how to implement user authentication and access controls to ensure data security.
Gain insights into tracking employee progress and performance through the platform.
Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Employee Training & Knowledge Base platform is estimated to be between $1,500 to $5,000 per month. (Source: Learning Management System Market Report )

9. Local Business Directory App

Idea: Build a no-code app that connects consumers with local SMEs, promoting products, services, and special offers.

The Local Business Directory App addresses the pain point of consumers struggling to discover local SMEs and their offerings while also providing small businesses with limited exposure to potential customers. It creates a platform that connects local businesses with the community, enabling SMEs to showcase their products, services, and special offers effectively.

Acquire expertise in building a no-code app that facilitates local business discovery and promotion.
Learn how to design an intuitive user interface for seamless user experience.
Understand how to incorporate geolocation features to enable location-based search and recommendations.
Gain insights into marketing and promotion strategies to attract users and local businesses to the platform.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Local Business Directory App is estimated to be between $1,000 to $4,000 per month. (Source: Local Business App Market Analysis )

10. Project Management Dashboard

Idea: Develop a project management tool tailored for SMEs to plan, track, and collaborate on various tasks and projects.

The Project Management Dashboard addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling with project planning, task tracking, and collaboration. It provides a user-friendly platform that streamlines project management processes, enhances team collaboration, and ensures timely project delivery.

Master the development of a no-code project management dashboard with essential features.
Learn how to create interactive task boards, Gantt charts, and progress tracking tools.
Understand how to implement user roles and permissions to manage team access and data security.
Gain insights into project management best practices and methodologies.
Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Project Management Dashboard is estimated to be between $2,500 to $7,000 per month. (Source: Project Management Software Market Report )

To optimize the development process, explore existing project management software solutions, integrating valuable insights and user-friendly functionalities into the creation of the Project Management Dashboard for SMEs.

11. SME Analytics & Insights Platform

MBA Project Idea: Create a no-code analytics platform that helps SMEs analyze their business data and make data-driven decisions.

The SME Analytics & Insights Platform addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling to gain meaningful insights from their business data due to limited resources and technical expertise. It offers a no-code analytics solution that allows SMEs to analyze their data easily and make informed, data-driven decisions.

Develop expertise in building a comprehensive no-code analytics platform for SMEs.
Learn how to connect and integrate various data sources to the platform.
Understand how to create interactive and customizable dashboards for data visualization.
Gain insights into data analysis techniques and how to derive actionable insights for business improvement.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the SME Analytics & Insights Platform is estimated to be between $2,000 to $6,000 per month. (Source: Data Analytics Software Market Report )

12. Online Customer Support Center

MBA Project Idea: Build a customer support portal for SMEs to manage inquiries, complaints, and support tickets, improving overall customer service.

The Online Customer Support Center addresses the pain point of SMEs struggling to manage customer inquiries and support effectively. It provides a centralized platform to handle customer interactions, streamline support ticket management, and enhance overall customer service, leading to improved customer satisfaction and retention.

Develop expertise in building a no-code customer support portal with essential features.
Learn how to create a user-friendly interface for customers to submit inquiries and tickets.
Understand how to implement automated ticket routing and escalation for efficient support resolution.
Gain insights into customer support analytics to identify common issues and areas for improvement.

Revenue potential: Based on market research, the realistic range of Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) for the Online Customer Support Center is estimated to be between $1,500 to $5,000 per month. (Source: Customer Support Software Market Report )

Conclusion: How to select a good MBA project topic?

Selecting a good MBA project topic is crucial for a successful academic and professional journey. The right topic not only demonstrates your expertise but also offers valuable insights to the business world. To make an informed choice, consider the following tips:

Passion and Interest: Choose a topic that aligns with your passion and interests. It will keep you motivated throughout the project and yield better results.
Relevance and Impact: Opt for a topic that addresses current business challenges or opportunities. A relevant project can have a significant impact and attract attention from potential employers.
Feasibility: Assess the availability of data and resources for your chosen topic. Ensure that you can conduct in-depth research and analysis within the project's time constraints.
Originality: Aim for a unique angle or approach to stand out among your peers. An original project topic demonstrates creativity and innovation.
Alignment with Career Goals: Consider how the project aligns with your long-term career goals. Choose a topic that enhances your skillset and expertise in your desired field.

By following these guidelines, you can select an MBA project topic that not only impresses your professors but also contributes to the broader business community, enhancing your academic and professional success.

Now, time to answer some of your most common questions on MBA Project Ideas:

What is project work in MBA?

Project work in MBA involves conducting in-depth research and analysis on a specific business topic. It aims to provide practical solutions to real-world business challenges, applying the concepts learned in the MBA program to address industry issues.

Which project is best for MBA?

The best MBA project depends on the student's interests and career goals. A project that aligns with their specialization and offers practical value to businesses is considered the most beneficial.

What are the top project topics in MBA finance?

Financial analysis of a company's performance.
Investment portfolio management strategies.
Assessment of capital budgeting techniques.
Evaluation of mergers and acquisitions.
Risk management in financial institutions.

What are the top project topics in MBA marketing?

Market entry strategies for new products.
Consumer behavior analysis for a specific industry.
Digital marketing campaign effectiveness.
Brand positioning and market perception.
Customer loyalty and retention strategies.

What are the top project topics in MBA operations?

Supply chain optimization and efficiency.
Lean and Six Sigma implementation in manufacturing.
Inventory management and cost reduction.
Process improvement for operational efficiency.
Quality management and performance measurement.

What are the top project topics in MBA analytics?

Predictive modeling for business forecasting.
Customer segmentation and targeting strategies.
Data-driven marketing campaigns.
Sentiment analysis for brand perception.
Optimization of business processes using data analytics.

What are the top project topics in MBA HR?

Employee performance evaluation and feedback systems.
Talent acquisition and recruitment strategies.
Employee engagement and retention programs.
Diversity and inclusion initiatives in the workplace.
HR analytics for workforce planning and decision-making.

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Sample business plans.

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Business Plans Handbook (free) Provides a variety of sample business plans and business plan template.
Business Plans Handbook (Gale) Great source for sample startup costs and financial plan. Be sure to click the radio button "all volumes" to search all available volumes of Business Plans Handbook. CSUS authentication required. Additional volumes available in print in the library at 2 North Reference HD 62.7 .B865
Writing a Business Plan This Small Business Administration site includes information on starting or expanding a business. Includes links to example business plans.
How to Write a Business Plan The library has many ebooks available on starting a business, writing a business plan, etc.

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Business Planning Template Gallery SCORE provides downloadable templates for business planning, finance, sales, marketing, and management.
Bplans.com Offers sample plans, articles and tools to help you through the process of writing a business plan.
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Research Guides

MBAB 5P23: Entrepreneurship

Business Plans
Startup Ecosystem
Idea Generation / COVID-19 Trends
Product / Service
Industry & Target Market
Organizational Resources
Financial Resources
Sample Feasibility Reports

Sample Business Plans

Kinesiology and health care business plans, writing business plans.

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Get Help / Book a Consultation
Business Models
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The following sources contain sample business plans for different types of small businesses:

Bplans.com - sample plans

Examples from MBA Students & Business Plan Competitions:

Business Plan for Caregaroo (Kiana Mohseni, Simon Fraser University) MBA student project (Simon Fraser University)
Business Plan for Launching a Luxury Adventure Tour Operator Based in Canada Greg Hung and Nikolai Khlystov (Simon Fraser University MOT MBA, 2011)
University of Texas Austin, Venture Labs Investment Competition, Business Plans Contains executive summaries and selected full text business plans from competitions held at the University of Texas Austin from 1999 to 2016.

You can find additional examples by searching in Omni for Subject contains Business Plans AND any field contains (kinesiology OR "health care") and limiting the results by Resource Type to Theses and Dissertations. These plans are available in the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses database .

Long Beach Mobile Fitness, LLC: A Business Plan Prepared by Matthew Vico, Master of Science in Health Care Administration, California State University, Long Beach
Business Plan for a Physical Therapy Clinic in Rural Minnesota Prepared by Rick Borchardt, Master of Business Administration, The College of St. Scholastica
Business plans in physiotherapy:a practical guide for the non specialist Physical therapy reviews, 2011-06-01, Vol.16 (3), p.210-227 The sample business plan for Physio Kids (a hypothetical new paediatric physiotherapy clinic service) is presented in the Appendix
Using Business Plan Development as a Capstone Project for MPH Programs in Canada: Validation Through the Student Perspective Journal of Community Health, 2013, 38(5), 791-798. Describes elements of the business plan as applicable to public health practitioners.

The following sources provide guidance on writing business plans and may also include a sample plan or template.

Writing a Business Plan: An Example for a Small Premium Winery (Cornell University) (PDF) A detailed example business plan, with good examples of how to incorporate in-text citations in the industry and competitor analysis sections, and a reference list. more info... close... An Extension Bulletin prepared by Mark E. Pisoni and Gerald B. White, Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management at Cornell University.
Business Plan Guide (Government of Canada)
The business plan and executive summary (MaRS)
Write your business plan (U.S. Small Business Administration)
Planning for success: your guide to preparing a business and marketing plan
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Research Topics & Ideas: Business

50+ Management Research Topic Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

Finding and choosing a strong research topic is the critical first step when it comes to crafting a high-quality dissertation, thesis or research project. If you’ve landed on this post, chances are you’re looking for a business/management-related research topic , but aren’t sure where to start. Here, we’ll explore a variety of research ideas and topic thought-starters for management-related research degrees (MBAs/DBAs, etc.). These research topics span management strategy, HR, finance, operations, international business and leadership.

NB – This is just the start…

The topic ideation and evaluation process has multiple steps . In this post, we’ll kickstart the process by sharing some research topic ideas within the management domain. This is the starting point, but to develop a well-defined research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , along with a well-justified plan of action to fill that gap.

If you’re new to the oftentimes perplexing world of research, or if this is your first time undertaking a formal academic research project, be sure to check out our free dissertation mini-course. In it, we cover the process of writing a dissertation or thesis from start to end. Be sure to also sign up for our free webinar that explores how to find a high-quality research topic.

Overview: Business Research Topics

Business /management strategy
Human resources (HR) and industrial psychology
Finance and accounting
Operations management
International business
Actual business dissertations & theses

Strategy-Related Research Topics

An analysis of the impact of digital transformation on business strategy in consulting firms
The role of innovation in transportation practices for creating a competitive advantage within the agricultural sector
Exploring the effect of globalisation on strategic decision-making practices for multinational Fashion brands.
An evaluation of corporate social responsibility in shaping business strategy, a case study of power utilities in Nigeria
Analysing the relationship between corporate culture and business strategy in the new digital era, exploring the role of remote working.
Assessing the impact of sustainability practices on business strategy and performance in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry
An analysis of the effect of social media on strategic partnerships and alliances development in the insurance industry
Exploring the role of data-driven decision-making in business strategy developments following supply-chain disruptions in the agricultural sector
Developing a conceptual framework for assessing the influence of market orientation on business strategy and performance in the video game publishing industry
A review of strategic cost management best practices in the healthcare sector of Indonesia
Identification of key strategic considerations required for the effective implementation of Industry 4.0 to develop a circular economy
Reviewing how Globalisation has affected business model innovation strategies in the education sector
A comparison of merger and acquisition strategies’ effects on novel product development in the Pharmaceutical industry
An analysis of market strategy performance during recessions, a retrospective review of the luxury goods market in the US
Comparing the performance of digital stakeholder engagement strategies and their contribution towards meeting SDGs in the mining sector

Topics & Ideas: Human Resources (HR)

Exploring the impact of digital employee engagement practices on organizational performance in SMEs
The role of diversity and inclusion in the workplace
An evaluation of remote employee training and development programs efficacy in the e-commerce sector
Comparing the effect of flexible work arrangements on employee satisfaction and productivity across generational divides
Assessing the relationship between gender-focused employee empowerment programs and job satisfaction in the UAE
A review of the impact of technology and digitisation on human resource management practices in the construction industry
An analysis of the role of human resource management in talent acquisition and retention in response to globalisation and crisis, a case study of the South African power utility
The influence of leadership style on remote working employee motivation and performance in the education sector.
A comparison of performance appraisal systems for managing employee performance in the luxury retail fashion industry
An examination of the relationship between work-life balance and job satisfaction in blue-collar workplaces, A systematic review
Exploring HR personnel’s experiences managing digital workplace bullying in multinational corporations
Assessing the success of HR team integration following merger and acquisition on employee engagement and performance
Exploring HR green practices and their effects on retention of millennial talent in the fintech industry
Assessing the impact of human resources analytics in successfully navigating digital transformation within the healthcare sector
Exploring the role of HR staff in the development and maintenance of ethical business practices in fintech SMEs
An analysis of employee perceptions of current HRM practices in a fully remote IT workspace

Topics & Ideas: Finance & Accounting

An analysis of the effect of employee financial literacy on decision-making in manufacturing start-ups in Ghana
Assessing the impact of corporate green innovation on financial performance in listed companies in Estonia
Assessing the effect of corporate governance on financial performance in the mining industry in Papua New Guinea
An evaluation of financial risk management practices in the construction industry of Saudi Arabia
Exploring the role of leadership financial literacy in the transition from start-up to scale-up in the retail e-commerce industry.
A review of influential macroeconomic factors on the adoption of cryptocurrencies as legal tender
An examination of the use of financial derivatives in risk management
Exploring the impact of the cryptocurrency disruption on stock trading practices in the EU
An analysis of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in academic publishing houses
A comparison of financial ratios performance in evaluating E-commerce startups in South Korea.
An evaluation of the role of government policies in facilitating manufacturing companies’ successful transitioning from start-up to scale-ups in Denmark
Assessing the financial value associated with industry 4.0 transitions in the Indian pharmaceutical industry
Exploring the role of effective e-leadership on financial performance in the Nigerian fintech industry
A review of digital disruptions in CRM practices and their associated financial impact on listed companies during the Covid-19 pandemic
Exploring the importance of Sharia-based business practices on SME financial performance in multicultural countries

Free Webinar: How To Find A Dissertation Research Topic

Ideas: Operations Management

An assessment of the impact of blockchain technology on operations management practices in the transport industry of Estonia
An evaluation of supply chain disruption management strategies and their impact on business performance in Lithuania
Exploring the role of lean manufacturing in the automotive industry of Malaysia and its effects on improving operational efficiency
A critical review of optimal operations management strategies in luxury goods manufacturing for ensuring supply chain resilience
Exploring the role of globalization on Supply chain diversification, a pre/post analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic
An analysis of the relationship between quality management and customer satisfaction in subscription-based business models
Assessing the cost of sustainable sourcing practices on operations management and supply chain resilience in the Cocao industry.
An examination of the adoption of behavioural predictive analytics in operations management practices, a case study of the
Italian automotive industry
Exploring the effect of operational complexity on business performance following digital transformation
An evaluation of barriers to the implementation of agile methods in project management within governmental institutions
Assessing how the relationship between operational processes and business strategy change as companies transition from start-ups to scale-ups
Exploring the relationship between operational management and innovative business models, lessons from the fintech industry
A review of best practices for operations management facilitating the transition towards a circular economy in the fast food industry
Exploring the viability of lean manufacturing practices in Vietnam’s plastics industry
Assessing engagement in cybersecurity considerations associated with operations management practices in industry 4.0 manufacturing

Research Topic Kickstarter - Need Help Finding A Research Topic?

Topics & Ideas: International Business

The impact of cultural differences in communication on international business relationships
An evaluation of the role of government import and export policies in shaping international business practices
The effect of global shipping conditions on international business strategies
An analysis of the challenges of managing multinational corporations: branch management
The influence of social media marketing on international business operations
The role of international trade agreements on business activities in developing countries
An examination of the impact of currency fluctuations on international business and cost competitiveness
The relationship between international business and sustainable development: perspectives and benefits
An evaluation of the challenges and opportunities of doing business in emerging markets such as the renewable energy industry
An analysis of the role of internationalisation via strategic alliances in international business
The impact of cross-cultural management on international business performance
The effect of political instability on international business operations: A case study of Russia
An analysis of the role of intellectual property rights in an international technology company’s business strategies
The relationship between corporate social responsibility and international business strategy: a comparative study of different industries
The impact of technology on international business in the fashion industry

Topics & Ideas: Leadership

A comparative study of the impact of different leadership styles on organizational performance
An evaluation of transformational leadership in today’s non-profit organizations
The role of emotional intelligence in effective leadership and productivity
An analysis of the relationship between leadership style and employee motivation
The influence of diversity and inclusion on leadership practices in South Africa
The impact of Artificial Intelligence technology on leadership in the digital age
An examination of the challenges of leadership in a rapidly changing business environment: examples from the finance industry
The relationship between leadership and corporate culture and job satisfaction
An evaluation of the role of transformational leadership in strategic decision-making
The use of leadership development programs in enhancing leadership effectiveness in multinational organisations
The impact of ethical leadership on organizational trust and reputation: an empirical study
An analysis of the relationship between various leadership styles and employee well-being in healthcare organizations
The role of leadership in promoting good work-life balance and job satisfaction in the age of remote work
The influence of leadership on knowledge sharing and innovation in the technology industry
An investigation of the impact of cultural intelligence on cross-cultural leadership effectiveness in global organizations

Business/Management Dissertation & Theses

While the ideas we’ve presented above are a decent starting point for finding a business-related research topic, they are fairly generic and non-specific. So, it helps to look at actual dissertations and theses to see how this all comes together.

Below, we’ve included a selection of research projects from various management-related degree programs (e.g., MBAs, DBAs, etc.) to help refine your thinking. These are actual dissertations and theses, written as part of Master’s and PhD-level programs, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

Sustaining Microbreweries Beyond 5 Years (Yanez, 2022)
Perceived Stakeholder and Stockholder Views: A Comparison Among Accounting Students, Non-Accounting Business Students And Non-Business Students (Shajan, 2020)
Attitudes Toward Corporate Social Responsibility and the New Ecological Paradigm among Business Students in Southern California (Barullas, 2020)
Entrepreneurial opportunity alertness in small business: a narrative research study exploring established small business founders’ experience with opportunity alertness in an evolving economic landscape in the Southeastern United States (Hughes, 2019)
Work-Integrated Learning in Closing Skills Gap in Public Procurement: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study (Culver, 2021)
Analyzing the Drivers and Barriers to Green Business Practices for Small and Medium Enterprises in Ohio (Purwandani, 2020)
The Role of Executive Business Travel in a Virtual World (Gale, 2022)
Outsourcing Security and International Corporate Responsibility: A Critical Analysis of Private Military Companies (PMCs) and Human Rights Violations (Hawkins, 2022)
Lean-excellence business management for small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Kurdistan region of Iraq (Mohammad, 2021)
Science Data Sharing: Applying a Disruptive Technology Platform Business Model (Edwards, 2022)
Impact of Hurricanes on Small Construction Business and Their Recovery (Sahu, 2022)

Looking at these titles, you can probably pick up that the research topics here are quite specific and narrowly-focused , compared to the generic ones presented earlier. This is an important thing to keep in mind as you develop your own research topic. That is to say, to create a top-notch research topic, you must be precise and target a specific context with specific variables of interest . In other words, you need to identify a clear, well-justified research gap.

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10 Comments

Great help. thanks

Hi, Your work is very educative, it has widened my knowledge. Thank you so much.

Thank you so much for helping me understand how to craft a research topic. I’m pursuing a PGDE. Thank you

a feasibility study for the establishment of rice processing system in (_____)

Effect of Leadership, computerized accounting systems, risk management and monitoring on the quality of financial Reports among listed banks

May you assist on a possible PhD topic on analyzing economic behaviours within environmental, climate and energy domains, from a gender perspective. I seek to further investigate if/to which extent policies in these domains can be deemed economically unfair from a gender perspective, and whether the effectiveness of the policies can be increased while striving for inequalities not being perpetuated.

healthy work environment and employee diversity, technological innovations and their role in management practices, cultural difference affecting advertising, honesty as a company policy, an analysis of the relationships between quality management and customer satisfaction in subscription based business model,business corruption cases. That I was selected from the above topics.

Research topic accounting

Kindly assist me with a research topic on low income?

Kindly assist me with a research topic on low income? PHD/ Doctoral thesis

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550+ Business Plan Examples to Launch Your Business

Need help writing your business plan? Explore over 550 industry-specific business plan examples for inspiration.

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Example business plan format

Before you start exploring our library of business plan examples, it's worth taking the time to understand the traditional business plan format . You'll find that the business plan samples in this library and most investor-approved business plans will include the following sections:

Executive summary

The executive summary is an overview of your business and your plans. It comes first in your business plan and is ideally only one to two pages. You should also plan to write this section last after you've written your full business plan.

Your executive summary should include a summary of the problem you are solving, a description of your product or service, an overview of your target market, a brief description of your team, a summary of your financials, and your funding requirements (if you are raising money).

Products & services

The products & services chapter of your business plan is where the real meat of your plan lives. It includes information about the problem that you're solving, your solution, and any traction that proves that it truly meets the need you identified.

This is your chance to explain why you're in business and that people care about what you offer. It needs to go beyond a simple product or service description and get to the heart of why your business works and benefits your customers.

Market analysis

Conducting a market analysis ensures that you fully understand the market that you're entering and who you'll be selling to. This section is where you will showcase all of the information about your potential customers. You'll cover your target market as well as information about the growth of your market and your industry. Focus on outlining why the market you're entering is viable and creating a realistic persona for your ideal customer base.

Competition

Part of defining your opportunity is determining what your competitive advantage may be. To do this effectively you need to get to know your competitors just as well as your target customers. Every business will have competition, if you don't then you're either in a very young industry or there's a good reason no one is pursuing this specific venture.

To succeed, you want to be sure you know who your competitors are, how they operate, necessary financial benchmarks, and how your business will be positioned. Start by identifying who your competitors are or will be during your market research. Then leverage competitive analysis tools like the competitive matrix and positioning map to solidify where your business stands in relation to the competition.

Marketing & sales

The marketing and sales plan section of your business plan details how you plan to reach your target market segments. You'll address how you plan on selling to those target markets, what your pricing plan is, and what types of activities and partnerships you need to make your business a success.

The operations section in our business plan examples covers the day-to-day workflows for your business to deliver your product or service. What's included here fully depends on the type of business. Typically you can expect to add details on your business location, sourcing and fulfillment, use of technology, and any partnerships or agreements that are in place.

Milestones & metrics

The milestones section is where you lay out strategic milestones to reach your business goals.

A good milestone clearly lays out the parameters of the task at hand and sets expectations for its execution. You'll want to include a description of the task, a proposed due date, who is responsible, and eventually a budget that's attached. You don't need extensive project planning in this section, just key milestones that you want to hit and when you plan to hit them.

You should also discuss key metrics, which are the numbers you will track to determine your success. Some common data points worth tracking include conversion rates, customer acquisition costs, profit, etc.

Company & team

Use this section of your business plan to describe your current team and who you need to hire. If you intend to pursue funding, you'll need to highlight the relevant experience of your team members. Basically, this is where you prove that this is the right team to successfully start and grow the business. You will also need to provide a quick overview of your legal structure and history if you're already up and running.

Financial projections

Your financial plan should include a sales and revenue forecast, profit and loss statement, cash flow statement, and a balance sheet. You may not have established financials of any kind at this stage. Not to worry, rather than getting all of the details ironed out, focus on making projections and strategic forecasts for your business. You can always update your financial statements as you begin operations and start bringing in actual accounting data.

Now, if you intend to pitch to investors or submit a loan application, you'll also need a "use of funds" report in this business plan section. This outlines how you intend to leverage any funding for your business and how much you're looking to acquire. Like the rest of your financials, this can always be updated later on.

The appendix isn't a required element of your business plan. However, it is a useful place to add any charts, tables, definitions, legal notes, or other critical information that supports your business plan. These are often lengthier or out-of-place information that simply didn't work naturally into the structure of your plan. You'll notice that in these business plan examples, the appendix mainly includes extended financial statements.

Types of business plans explained

While all business plans cover similar categories, the style and function fully depend on how you intend to use your plan. To get the most out of your business plan, it's best to find a format that suits your needs. Here are a few common business plan types worth considering.

Traditional business plan

The tried-and-true traditional business plan is a formal document meant to be used for external purposes. Typically this is the type of plan you'll need when applying for funding or pitching to investors. It can also be used when training or hiring employees, working with vendors, or in any other situation where the full details of your business must be understood by another individual.

Business model canvas

The business model canvas is a one-page template designed to demystify the business planning process. It removes the need for a traditional, copy-heavy business plan, in favor of a single-page outline that can help you and outside parties better explore your business idea.

The structure ditches a linear format in favor of a cell-based template. It encourages you to build connections between every element of your business. It's faster to write out and update, and much easier for you, your team, and anyone else to visualize your business operations.

One-page business plan

The true middle ground between the business model canvas and a traditional business plan is the one-page business plan . This format is a simplified version of the traditional plan that focuses on the core aspects of your business.

By starting with a one-page plan , you give yourself a minimal document to build from. You'll typically stick with bullet points and single sentences making it much easier to elaborate or expand sections into a longer-form business plan.

Growth planning

Growth planning is more than a specific type of business plan. It's a methodology. It takes the simplicity and styling of the one-page business plan and turns it into a process for you to continuously plan, forecast, review, and refine based on your performance.

It holds all of the benefits of the single-page plan, including the potential to complete it in as little as 27 minutes . However, it's even easier to convert into a more detailed business plan thanks to how heavily it's tied to your financials. The overall goal of growth planning isn't to just produce documents that you use once and shelve. Instead, the growth planning process helps you build a healthier company that thrives in times of growth and remains stable through times of crisis.

It's faster, keeps your plan concise, and ensures that your business plan is always up-to-date.

Download a free sample business plan template

Ready to start writing your own business plan but aren't sure where to start? Download our free business plan template that's been updated for 2024.

This simple, modern, investor-approved business plan sample is designed to make planning easy. It's a proven format that has helped over 1 million businesses write business plans for bank loans, funding pitches, business expansion, and even business sales. It includes additional instructions for how to write each section and is formatted to be SBA-lender approved. All you need to do is fill in the blanks.

How to use an example business plan to help you write your own

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How do you know what elements need to be included in your business plan, especially if you've never written one before? Looking at business plan examples can help you visualize what a full, traditional plan looks like, so you know what you're aiming for before you get started. Here's how to get the most out of a business plan sample.

Choose a business plan example from a similar type of company

You don't need to find an example of a business plan that's an exact fit for your business. Your business location, target market, and even your particular product or service may not match up exactly with the business plans in our gallery. But, you don't need an exact match for it to be helpful. Instead, look for a business plan sample that's related to the type of business you're starting.

For example, if you want to start a vegetarian restaurant, a plan for a steakhouse can be a great match. While the specifics of your actual startup will differ, the elements you'd want to include in your restaurant's business plan are likely to be very similar.

Use a business plan example as a guide

Every startup and small business is unique, so you'll want to avoid copying an example of a business plan word for word. It just won't be as helpful, since each business is unique. You want your business plan to be a useful tool for starting a business —and getting funding if you need it.

One of the key benefits of writing a business plan is simply going through the process. When you sit down to write, you'll naturally think through important pieces, like your startup costs, your target market , and any market analysis or research you'll need to do to be successful.

You'll also look at where you stand among your competition (and everyone has competition), and lay out your goals and the milestones you'll need to meet. Looking at an example of a business plan's financials section can be helpful because you can see what should be included, but take them with a grain of salt. Don't assume that financial projections for a sample company will fit your own small business.

If you're looking for more resources to help you get started, our business planning guide is a good place to start. You can also download our free business plan template .

Think of business planning as a process, instead of a document

Think about business planning as something you do often , rather than a document you create once and never look at again. If you take the time to write a plan that really fits your own company, it will be a better, more useful tool to grow your business. It should also make it easier to share your vision and strategy so everyone on your team is on the same page.

Adjust your business plan regularly to use it as a business management tool

Keep in mind that businesses that use their business plan as a management tool to help run their business grow 30 percent faster than those businesses that don't. For that to be true for your company, you'll think of a part of your business planning process as tracking your actual results against your financial forecast on a regular basis.

If things are going well, your business plan will help you think about how you can re-invest in your business. If you find that you're not meeting goals, you might need to adjust your budgets or your sales forecast. Either way, tracking your progress compared to your plan can help you adjust quickly when you identify challenges and opportunities—it's one of the most powerful things you can do to grow your business.

Prepare to pitch your business

If you're planning to pitch your business to investors or seek out any funding, you'll need a pitch deck to accompany your business plan. A pitch deck is designed to inform people about your business. You want your pitch deck to be short and easy to follow, so it's best to keep your presentation under 20 slides.

Your pitch deck and pitch presentation are likely some of the first things that an investor will see to learn more about your company. So, you need to be informative and pique their interest. Luckily we have a round-up of real-world pitch deck examples used by successful startups that you can review and reference as you build your pitch.

For more resources, check out our full Business Pitch Guide .

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Now that you know how to use an example of a business plan to help you write a plan for your business, it's time to find the right one.

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11.4 The Business Plan

Learning objectives.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

Describe the different purposes of a business plan
Describe and develop the components of a brief business plan
Describe and develop the components of a full business plan

Unlike the brief or lean formats introduced so far, the business plan is a formal document used for the long-range planning of a company’s operation. It typically includes background information, financial information, and a summary of the business. Investors nearly always request a formal business plan because it is an integral part of their evaluation of whether to invest in a company. Although nothing in business is permanent, a business plan typically has components that are more “set in stone” than a business model canvas , which is more commonly used as a first step in the planning process and throughout the early stages of a nascent business. A business plan is likely to describe the business and industry, market strategies, sales potential, and competitive analysis, as well as the company’s long-term goals and objectives. An in-depth formal business plan would follow at later stages after various iterations to business model canvases. The business plan usually projects financial data over a three-year period and is typically required by banks or other investors to secure funding. The business plan is a roadmap for the company to follow over multiple years.

Some entrepreneurs prefer to use the canvas process instead of the business plan, whereas others use a shorter version of the business plan, submitting it to investors after several iterations. There are also entrepreneurs who use the business plan earlier in the entrepreneurial process, either preceding or concurrently with a canvas. For instance, Chris Guillebeau has a one-page business plan template in his book The $100 Startup . 48 His version is basically an extension of a napkin sketch without the detail of a full business plan. As you progress, you can also consider a brief business plan (about two pages)—if you want to support a rapid business launch—and/or a standard business plan.

As with many aspects of entrepreneurship, there are no clear hard and fast rules to achieving entrepreneurial success. You may encounter different people who want different things (canvas, summary, full business plan), and you also have flexibility in following whatever tool works best for you. Like the canvas, the various versions of the business plan are tools that will aid you in your entrepreneurial endeavor.

Business Plan Overview

Most business plans have several distinct sections ( Figure 11.16 ). The business plan can range from a few pages to twenty-five pages or more, depending on the purpose and the intended audience. For our discussion, we’ll describe a brief business plan and a standard business plan. If you are able to successfully design a business model canvas, then you will have the structure for developing a clear business plan that you can submit for financial consideration.

Both types of business plans aim at providing a picture and roadmap to follow from conception to creation. If you opt for the brief business plan, you will focus primarily on articulating a big-picture overview of your business concept.

The full business plan is aimed at executing the vision concept, dealing with the proverbial devil in the details. Developing a full business plan will assist those of you who need a more detailed and structured roadmap, or those of you with little to no background in business. The business planning process includes the business model, a feasibility analysis, and a full business plan, which we will discuss later in this section. Next, we explore how a business plan can meet several different needs.

Purposes of a Business Plan

A business plan can serve many different purposes—some internal, others external. As we discussed previously, you can use a business plan as an internal early planning device, an extension of a napkin sketch, and as a follow-up to one of the canvas tools. A business plan can be an organizational roadmap , that is, an internal planning tool and working plan that you can apply to your business in order to reach your desired goals over the course of several years. The business plan should be written by the owners of the venture, since it forces a firsthand examination of the business operations and allows them to focus on areas that need improvement.

Refer to the business venture throughout the document. Generally speaking, a business plan should not be written in the first person.

A major external purpose for the business plan is as an investment tool that outlines financial projections, becoming a document designed to attract investors. In many instances, a business plan can complement a formal investor’s pitch. In this context, the business plan is a presentation plan, intended for an outside audience that may or may not be familiar with your industry, your business, and your competitors.

You can also use your business plan as a contingency plan by outlining some “what-if” scenarios and exploring how you might respond if these scenarios unfold. Pretty Young Professional launched in November 2010 as an online resource to guide an emerging generation of female leaders. The site focused on recent female college graduates and current students searching for professional roles and those in their first professional roles. It was founded by four friends who were coworkers at the global consultancy firm McKinsey. But after positions and equity were decided among them, fundamental differences of opinion about the direction of the business emerged between two factions, according to the cofounder and former CEO Kathryn Minshew . “I think, naively, we assumed that if we kicked the can down the road on some of those things, we’d be able to sort them out,” Minshew said. Minshew went on to found a different professional site, The Muse , and took much of the editorial team of Pretty Young Professional with her. 49 Whereas greater planning potentially could have prevented the early demise of Pretty Young Professional, a change in planning led to overnight success for Joshua Esnard and The Cut Buddy team. Esnard invented and patented the plastic hair template that he was selling online out of his Fort Lauderdale garage while working a full-time job at Broward College and running a side business. Esnard had hundreds of boxes of Cut Buddies sitting in his home when he changed his marketing plan to enlist companies specializing in making videos go viral. It worked so well that a promotional video for the product garnered 8 million views in hours. The Cut Buddy sold over 4,000 products in a few hours when Esnard only had hundreds remaining. Demand greatly exceeded his supply, so Esnard had to scramble to increase manufacturing and offered customers two-for-one deals to make up for delays. This led to selling 55,000 units, generating $700,000 in sales in 2017. 50 After appearing on Shark Tank and landing a deal with Daymond John that gave the “shark” a 20-percent equity stake in return for $300,000, The Cut Buddy has added new distribution channels to include retail sales along with online commerce. Changing one aspect of a business plan—the marketing plan—yielded success for The Cut Buddy.

Link to Learning

Watch this video of Cut Buddy’s founder, Joshua Esnard, telling his company’s story to learn more.

If you opt for the brief business plan, you will focus primarily on articulating a big-picture overview of your business concept. This version is used to interest potential investors, employees, and other stakeholders, and will include a financial summary “box,” but it must have a disclaimer, and the founder/entrepreneur may need to have the people who receive it sign a nondisclosure agreement (NDA) . The full business plan is aimed at executing the vision concept, providing supporting details, and would be required by financial institutions and others as they formally become stakeholders in the venture. Both are aimed at providing a picture and roadmap to go from conception to creation.

Types of Business Plans

The brief business plan is similar to an extended executive summary from the full business plan. This concise document provides a broad overview of your entrepreneurial concept, your team members, how and why you will execute on your plans, and why you are the ones to do so. You can think of a brief business plan as a scene setter or—since we began this chapter with a film reference—as a trailer to the full movie. The brief business plan is the commercial equivalent to a trailer for Field of Dreams , whereas the full plan is the full-length movie equivalent.

Brief Business Plan or Executive Summary

As the name implies, the brief business plan or executive summary summarizes key elements of the entire business plan, such as the business concept, financial features, and current business position. The executive summary version of the business plan is your opportunity to broadly articulate the overall concept and vision of the company for yourself, for prospective investors, and for current and future employees.

A typical executive summary is generally no longer than a page, but because the brief business plan is essentially an extended executive summary, the executive summary section is vital. This is the “ask” to an investor. You should begin by clearly stating what you are asking for in the summary.

In the business concept phase, you’ll describe the business, its product, and its markets. Describe the customer segment it serves and why your company will hold a competitive advantage. This section may align roughly with the customer segments and value-proposition segments of a canvas.

Next, highlight the important financial features, including sales, profits, cash flows, and return on investment. Like the financial portion of a feasibility analysis, the financial analysis component of a business plan may typically include items like a twelve-month profit and loss projection, a three- or four-year profit and loss projection, a cash-flow projection, a projected balance sheet, and a breakeven calculation. You can explore a feasibility study and financial projections in more depth in the formal business plan. Here, you want to focus on the big picture of your numbers and what they mean.

The current business position section can furnish relevant information about you and your team members and the company at large. This is your opportunity to tell the story of how you formed the company, to describe its legal status (form of operation), and to list the principal players. In one part of the extended executive summary, you can cover your reasons for starting the business: Here is an opportunity to clearly define the needs you think you can meet and perhaps get into the pains and gains of customers. You also can provide a summary of the overall strategic direction in which you intend to take the company. Describe the company’s mission, vision, goals and objectives, overall business model, and value proposition.

Rice University’s Student Business Plan Competition, one of the largest and overall best-regarded graduate school business-plan competitions (see Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ), requires an executive summary of up to five pages to apply. 51 , 52 Its suggested sections are shown in Table 11.2 .

Section	Description
Company summary	Brief overview (one to two paragraphs) of the problem, solution, and potential customers
Customer analysis	Description of potential customers and evidence they would purchase product
Market analysis	Size of market, target market, and share of market
Product or service	Current state of product in development and evidence it is feasible
Intellectual property	If applicable, information on patents, licenses, or other IP items
Competitive differentiation	Describe the competition and your competitive advantage
Company founders, management team, and/or advisor	Bios of key people showcasing their expertise and relevant experience
Financials	Projections of revenue, profit, and cash flow for three to five years
Amount of investment	Funding request and how funds will be used

Are You Ready?

Create a brief business plan.

Fill out a canvas of your choosing for a well-known startup: Uber, Netflix, Dropbox, Etsy, Airbnb, Bird/Lime, Warby Parker, or any of the companies featured throughout this chapter or one of your choice. Then create a brief business plan for that business. See if you can find a version of the company’s actual executive summary, business plan, or canvas. Compare and contrast your vision with what the company has articulated.

These companies are well established but is there a component of what you charted that you would advise the company to change to ensure future viability?
Map out a contingency plan for a “what-if” scenario if one key aspect of the company or the environment it operates in were drastically is altered?

Full Business Plan

Even full business plans can vary in length, scale, and scope. Rice University sets a ten-page cap on business plans submitted for the full competition. The IndUS Entrepreneurs , one of the largest global networks of entrepreneurs, also holds business plan competitions for students through its Tie Young Entrepreneurs program. In contrast, business plans submitted for that competition can usually be up to twenty-five pages. These are just two examples. Some components may differ slightly; common elements are typically found in a formal business plan outline. The next section will provide sample components of a full business plan for a fictional business.

Executive Summary

The executive summary should provide an overview of your business with key points and issues. Because the summary is intended to summarize the entire document, it is most helpful to write this section last, even though it comes first in sequence. The writing in this section should be especially concise. Readers should be able to understand your needs and capabilities at first glance. The section should tell the reader what you want and your “ask” should be explicitly stated in the summary.

Describe your business, its product or service, and the intended customers. Explain what will be sold, who it will be sold to, and what competitive advantages the business has. Table 11.3 shows a sample executive summary for the fictional company La Vida Lola.

Executive Summary Component	Content
The Concept	La Vida Lola is a food truck serving the best Latin American and Caribbean cuisine in the Atlanta region, particularly Puerto Rican and Cuban dishes, with a festive flair. La Vida Lola offers freshly prepared dishes from the mobile kitchen of the founding chef and namesake Lola González, a Duluth, Georgia, native who has returned home to launch her first venture after working under some of the world’s top chefs. La Vida Lola will cater to festivals, parks, offices, community and sporting events, and breweries throughout the region.
Market Advantage	Latin food packed with flavor and flair is the main attraction of La Vida Lola. Flavors steeped in Latin American and Caribbean culture can be enjoyed from a menu featuring street foods, sandwiches, and authentic dishes from the González family’s Puerto Rican and Cuban roots. craving ethnic food experiences and are the primary customers, but anyone with a taste for delicious homemade meals in Atlanta can order. Having a native Atlanta-area resident returning to her hometown after working in restaurants around the world to share food with area communities offers a competitive advantage for La Vida Lola in the form of founding chef Lola González.
Marketing	The venture will adopt a concentrated marketing strategy. The company’s promotion mix will comprise a mix of advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and personal selling. Much of the promotion mix will center around dual-language social media.
Venture Team	The two founding members of the management team have almost four decades of combined experience in the restaurant and hospitality industries. Their background includes experience in food and beverage, hospitality and tourism, accounting, finance, and business creation.
Capital Requirements	La Vida Lola is seeking startup capital of $50,000 to establish its food truck in the Atlanta area. An additional $20,000 will be raised through a donations-driven crowdfunding campaign. The venture can be up and running within six months to a year.

Business Description

This section describes the industry, your product, and the business and success factors. It should provide a current outlook as well as future trends and developments. You also should address your company’s mission, vision, goals, and objectives. Summarize your overall strategic direction, your reasons for starting the business, a description of your products and services, your business model, and your company’s value proposition. Consider including the Standard Industrial Classification/North American Industry Classification System (SIC/NAICS) code to specify the industry and insure correct identification. The industry extends beyond where the business is located and operates, and should include national and global dynamics. Table 11.4 shows a sample business description for La Vida Lola.

Business Description	La Vida Lola will operate in the mobile food services industry, which is identified by SIC code 5812 Eating Places and NAICS code 722330 Mobile Food Services, which consist of establishments primarily engaged in preparing and serving meals and snacks for immediate consumption from motorized vehicles or nonmotorized carts. Ethnically inspired to serve a consumer base that craves more spiced Latin foods, La Vida Lola is an Atlanta-area food truck specializing in Latin cuisine, particularly Puerto Rican and Cuban dishes native to the roots of the founding chef and namesake, Lola González. La Vida Lola aims to spread a passion for Latin cuisine within local communities through flavorful food freshly prepared in a region that has embraced international eats. Through its mobile food kitchen, La Vida Lola plans to roll into parks, festivals, office buildings, breweries, and sporting and community events throughout the greater Atlanta metropolitan region. Future growth possibilities lie in expanding the number of food trucks, integrating food delivery on demand, and adding a food stall at an area food market. After working in noted restaurants for a decade, most recently under the famed chef José Andrés, chef Lola González returned to her hometown of Duluth, Georgia, to start her own venture. Although classically trained by top world chefs, it was González’s grandparents’ cooking of authentic Puerto Rican and Cuban dishes in their kitchen that influenced her profoundly. The freshest ingredients from the local market, the island spices, and her attention to detail were the spark that ignited Lola’s passion for cooking. To that end, she brings flavors steeped in Latin American and Caribbean culture to a flavorful menu packed full of street foods, sandwiches, and authentic dishes. Through reasonably priced menu items, La Vida Lola offers food that appeals to a wide range of customers, from millennial foodies to Latin natives and other locals with Latin roots.

Business Description

La Vida Lola will operate in the mobile food services industry, which is identified by SIC code 5812 Eating Places and NAICS code 722330 Mobile Food Services, which consist of establishments primarily engaged in preparing and serving meals and snacks for immediate consumption from motorized vehicles or nonmotorized carts.

Ethnically inspired to serve a consumer base that craves more spiced Latin foods, La Vida Lola is an Atlanta-area food truck specializing in Latin cuisine, particularly Puerto Rican and Cuban dishes native to the roots of the founding chef and namesake, Lola González.

La Vida Lola aims to spread a passion for Latin cuisine within local communities through flavorful food freshly prepared in a region that has embraced international eats. Through its mobile food kitchen, La Vida Lola plans to roll into parks, festivals, office buildings, breweries, and sporting and community events throughout the greater Atlanta metropolitan region. Future growth possibilities lie in expanding the number of food trucks, integrating food delivery on demand, and adding a food stall at an area food market.

After working in noted restaurants for a decade, most recently under the famed chef José Andrés, chef Lola González returned to her hometown of Duluth, Georgia, to start her own venture. Although classically trained by top world chefs, it was González’s grandparents’ cooking of authentic Puerto Rican and Cuban dishes in their kitchen that influenced her profoundly.

The freshest ingredients from the local market, the island spices, and her attention to detail were the spark that ignited Lola’s passion for cooking. To that end, she brings flavors steeped in Latin American and Caribbean culture to a flavorful menu packed full of street foods, sandwiches, and authentic dishes. Through reasonably priced menu items, La Vida Lola offers food that appeals to a wide range of customers, from millennial foodies to Latin natives and other locals with Latin roots.

Industry Analysis and Market Strategies

Here you should define your market in terms of size, structure, growth prospects, trends, and sales potential. You’ll want to include your TAM and forecast the SAM . (Both these terms are discussed in Conducting a Feasibility Analysis .) This is a place to address market segmentation strategies by geography, customer attributes, or product orientation. Describe your positioning relative to your competitors’ in terms of pricing, distribution, promotion plan, and sales potential. Table 11.5 shows an example industry analysis and market strategy for La Vida Lola.

Industry Analysis and Market Strategy	According to ’ first annual report from the San Francisco-based Off The Grid, a company that facilitates food markets nationwide, the US food truck industry alone is projected to grow by nearly 20 percent from $800 million in 2017 to $985 million in 2019. Meanwhile, an report shows the street vendors’ industry with a 4.2 percent annual growth rate to reach $3.2 billion in 2018. Food truck and street food vendors are increasingly investing in specialty, authentic ethnic, and fusion food, according to the report. Although the report projects demand to slow down over the next five years, it notes there are still opportunities for sustained growth in major metropolitan areas. The street vendors industry has been a particular bright spot within the larger food service sector. The industry is in a growth phase of its life cycle. The low overhead cost to set up a new establishment has enabled many individuals, especially specialty chefs looking to start their own businesses, to own a food truck in lieu of opening an entire restaurant. Off the Grid’s annual report indicates the average typical initial investment ranges from $55,000 to $75,000 to open a mobile food truck. The restaurant industry accounts for $800 billion in sales nationwide, according to data from the National Restaurant Association. Georgia restaurants brought in a total of $19.6 billion in 2017, according to figures from the Georgia Restaurant Association. There are approximately 12,000 restaurants in the metro Atlanta region. The Atlanta region accounts for almost 60 percent of the Georgia restaurant industry. The SAM is estimated to be approximately $360 million. The mobile food/street vendor industry can be segmented by types of customers, types of cuisine (American, desserts, Central and South American, Asian, mixed ethnicity, Greek Mediterranean, seafood), geographic location and types (mobile food stands, mobile refreshment stands, mobile snack stands, street vendors of food, mobile food concession stands). Secondary competing industries include chain restaurants, single location full-service restaurants, food service contractors, caterers, fast food restaurants, and coffee and snack shops. The top food truck competitors according to the , the daily newspaper in La Vida Lola’s market, are Bento Bus, Mix’d Up Burgers, Mac the Cheese, The Fry Guy, and The Blaxican. Bento Bus positions itself as a Japanese-inspired food truck using organic ingredients and dispensing in eco-friendly ware. The Blaxican positions itself as serving what it dubs “Mexican soul food,” a fusion mashup of Mexican food with Southern comfort food. After years of operating a food truck, The Blaxican also recently opened its first brick-and-mortar restaurant. The Fry Guy specializes in Belgian-style street fries with a variety of homemade dipping sauces. These three food trucks would be the primary competition to La Vida Lola, since they are in the “ethnic food” space, while the other two offer traditional American food. All five have established brand identities and loyal followers/customers since they are among the industry leaders as established by “best of” lists from area publications like the . Most dishes from competitors are in the $10–$13 price range for entrees. La Vida Lola dishes will range from $6 to $13. One key finding from Off the Grid’s report is that mobile food has “proven to be a powerful vehicle for catalyzing diverse entrepreneurship” as 30 percent of mobile food businesses are immigrant owned, 30 percent are women owned, and 8 percent are LGBTQ owned. In many instances, the owner-operator plays a vital role to the brand identity of the business as is the case with La Vida Lola. Atlanta has also tapped into the nationwide trend of food hall-style dining. These food halls are increasingly popular in urban centers like Atlanta. On one hand, these community-driven areas where food vendors and retailers sell products side by side are secondary competitors to food trucks. But they also offer growth opportunities for future expansion as brands solidify customer support in the region. The most popular food halls in Atlanta are Ponce City Market in Midtown, Krog Street Market along the BeltLine trail in the Inman Park area, and Sweet Auburn Municipal Market downtown Atlanta. In addition to these trends, Atlanta has long been supportive of international cuisine as Buford Highway (nicknamed “BuHi”) has a reputation for being an eclectic food corridor with an abundance of renowned Asian and Hispanic restaurants in particular. The Atlanta region is home to a thriving Hispanic and Latinx population, with nearly half of the region’s foreign-born population hailing from Latin America. There are over half a million Hispanic and Latin residents living in metro Atlanta, with a 150 percent population increase predicted through 2040. The median age of metro Atlanta Latinos is twenty-six. La Vida Lola will offer authentic cuisine that will appeal to this primary customer segment. La Vida Lola must contend with regulations from towns concerning operations of mobile food ventures and health regulations, but the Atlanta region is generally supportive of such operations. There are many parks and festivals that include food truck vendors on a weekly basis.

Industry Analysis and Market Strategy

According to ’ first annual report from the San Francisco-based Off The Grid, a company that facilitates food markets nationwide, the US food truck industry alone is projected to grow by nearly 20 percent from $800 million in 2017 to $985 million in 2019. Meanwhile, an report shows the street vendors’ industry with a 4.2 percent annual growth rate to reach $3.2 billion in 2018. Food truck and street food vendors are increasingly investing in specialty, authentic ethnic, and fusion food, according to the report.

Although the report projects demand to slow down over the next five years, it notes there are still opportunities for sustained growth in major metropolitan areas. The street vendors industry has been a particular bright spot within the larger food service sector.

The industry is in a growth phase of its life cycle. The low overhead cost to set up a new establishment has enabled many individuals, especially specialty chefs looking to start their own businesses, to own a food truck in lieu of opening an entire restaurant. Off the Grid’s annual report indicates the average typical initial investment ranges from $55,000 to $75,000 to open a mobile food truck.

The restaurant industry accounts for $800 billion in sales nationwide, according to data from the National Restaurant Association. Georgia restaurants brought in a total of $19.6 billion in 2017, according to figures from the Georgia Restaurant Association.

There are approximately 12,000 restaurants in the metro Atlanta region. The Atlanta region accounts for almost 60 percent of the Georgia restaurant industry. The SAM is estimated to be approximately $360 million.

The mobile food/street vendor industry can be segmented by types of customers, types of cuisine (American, desserts, Central and South American, Asian, mixed ethnicity, Greek Mediterranean, seafood), geographic location and types (mobile food stands, mobile refreshment stands, mobile snack stands, street vendors of food, mobile food concession stands).

Secondary competing industries include chain restaurants, single location full-service restaurants, food service contractors, caterers, fast food restaurants, and coffee and snack shops.

The top food truck competitors according to the , the daily newspaper in La Vida Lola’s market, are Bento Bus, Mix’d Up Burgers, Mac the Cheese, The Fry Guy, and The Blaxican. Bento Bus positions itself as a Japanese-inspired food truck using organic ingredients and dispensing in eco-friendly ware. The Blaxican positions itself as serving what it dubs “Mexican soul food,” a fusion mashup of Mexican food with Southern comfort food. After years of operating a food truck, The Blaxican also recently opened its first brick-and-mortar restaurant. The Fry Guy specializes in Belgian-style street fries with a variety of homemade dipping sauces. These three food trucks would be the primary competition to La Vida Lola, since they are in the “ethnic food” space, while the other two offer traditional American food. All five have established brand identities and loyal followers/customers since they are among the industry leaders as established by “best of” lists from area publications like the . Most dishes from competitors are in the $10–$13 price range for entrees. La Vida Lola dishes will range from $6 to $13.

One key finding from Off the Grid’s report is that mobile food has “proven to be a powerful vehicle for catalyzing diverse entrepreneurship” as 30 percent of mobile food businesses are immigrant owned, 30 percent are women owned, and 8 percent are LGBTQ owned. In many instances, the owner-operator plays a vital role to the brand identity of the business as is the case with La Vida Lola.

Atlanta has also tapped into the nationwide trend of food hall-style dining. These food halls are increasingly popular in urban centers like Atlanta. On one hand, these community-driven areas where food vendors and retailers sell products side by side are secondary competitors to food trucks. But they also offer growth opportunities for future expansion as brands solidify customer support in the region. The most popular food halls in Atlanta are Ponce City Market in Midtown, Krog Street Market along the BeltLine trail in the Inman Park area, and Sweet Auburn Municipal Market downtown Atlanta. In addition to these trends, Atlanta has long been supportive of international cuisine as Buford Highway (nicknamed “BuHi”) has a reputation for being an eclectic food corridor with an abundance of renowned Asian and Hispanic restaurants in particular.

The Atlanta region is home to a thriving Hispanic and Latinx population, with nearly half of the region’s foreign-born population hailing from Latin America. There are over half a million Hispanic and Latin residents living in metro Atlanta, with a 150 percent population increase predicted through 2040. The median age of metro Atlanta Latinos is twenty-six. La Vida Lola will offer authentic cuisine that will appeal to this primary customer segment.

La Vida Lola must contend with regulations from towns concerning operations of mobile food ventures and health regulations, but the Atlanta region is generally supportive of such operations. There are many parks and festivals that include food truck vendors on a weekly basis.

Competitive Analysis

The competitive analysis is a statement of the business strategy as it relates to the competition. You want to be able to identify who are your major competitors and assess what are their market shares, markets served, strategies employed, and expected response to entry? You likely want to conduct a classic SWOT analysis (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats) and complete a competitive-strength grid or competitive matrix. Outline your company’s competitive strengths relative to those of the competition in regard to product, distribution, pricing, promotion, and advertising. What are your company’s competitive advantages and their likely impacts on its success? The key is to construct it properly for the relevant features/benefits (by weight, according to customers) and how the startup compares to incumbents. The competitive matrix should show clearly how and why the startup has a clear (if not currently measurable) competitive advantage. Some common features in the example include price, benefits, quality, type of features, locations, and distribution/sales. Sample templates are shown in Figure 11.17 and Figure 11.18 . A competitive analysis helps you create a marketing strategy that will identify assets or skills that your competitors are lacking so you can plan to fill those gaps, giving you a distinct competitive advantage. When creating a competitor analysis, it is important to focus on the key features and elements that matter to customers, rather than focusing too heavily on the entrepreneur’s idea and desires.

Operations and Management Plan

In this section, outline how you will manage your company. Describe its organizational structure. Here you can address the form of ownership and, if warranted, include an organizational chart/structure. Highlight the backgrounds, experiences, qualifications, areas of expertise, and roles of members of the management team. This is also the place to mention any other stakeholders, such as a board of directors or advisory board(s), and their relevant relationship to the founder, experience and value to help make the venture successful, and professional service firms providing management support, such as accounting services and legal counsel.

Table 11.6 shows a sample operations and management plan for La Vida Lola.

Operations and Management Plan Category	Content
Key Management Personnel	The key management personnel consist of Lola González and Cameron Hamilton, who are longtime acquaintances since college. The management team will be responsible for funding the venture as well as securing loans to start the venture. The following is a summary of the key personnel backgrounds. Chef Lola González has worked directly in the food service industry for fifteen years. While food has been a lifelong passion learned in her grandparents’ kitchen, chef González has trained under some of the top chefs in the world, most recently having worked under the James Beard Award-winning chef José Andrés. A native of Duluth, Georgia, chef González also has an undergraduate degree in food and beverage management. Her value to the firm is serving as “the face” and company namesake, preparing the meals, creating cuisine concepts, and running the day-to-day operations of La Vida Lola. Cameron Hamilton has worked in the hospitality industry for over twenty years and is experienced in accounting and finance. He has a master of business administration degree and an undergraduate degree in hospitality and tourism management. He has opened and managed several successful business ventures in the hospitality industry. His value to the firm is in business operations, accounting, and finance.
Advisory Board	During the first year of operation, the company intends to keep a lean operation and does not plan to implement an advisory board. At the end of the first year of operation, the management team will conduct a thorough review and discuss the need for an advisory board.
Supporting Professionals	Stephen Ngo, Certified Professional Accountant (CPA), of Valdosta, Georgia, will provide accounting consulting services. Joanna Johnson, an attorney and friend of chef González, will provide recommendations regarding legal services and business formation.

Operations and Management Plan Category

Content

Key Management Personnel

The key management personnel consist of Lola González and Cameron Hamilton, who are longtime acquaintances since college. The management team will be responsible for funding the venture as well as securing loans to start the venture. The following is a summary of the key personnel backgrounds.

Chef Lola González has worked directly in the food service industry for fifteen years. While food has been a lifelong passion learned in her grandparents’ kitchen, chef González has trained under some of the top chefs in the world, most recently having worked under the James Beard Award-winning chef José Andrés. A native of Duluth, Georgia, chef González also has an undergraduate degree in food and beverage management. Her value to the firm is serving as “the face” and company namesake, preparing the meals, creating cuisine concepts, and running the day-to-day operations of La Vida Lola.

Cameron Hamilton has worked in the hospitality industry for over twenty years and is experienced in accounting and finance. He has a master of business administration degree and an undergraduate degree in hospitality and tourism management. He has opened and managed several successful business ventures in the hospitality industry. His value to the firm is in business operations, accounting, and finance.

Advisory Board

During the first year of operation, the company intends to keep a lean operation and does not plan to implement an advisory board. At the end of the first year of operation, the management team will conduct a thorough review and discuss the need for an advisory board.

Supporting Professionals

Stephen Ngo, Certified Professional Accountant (CPA), of Valdosta, Georgia, will provide accounting consulting services. Joanna Johnson, an attorney and friend of chef González, will provide recommendations regarding legal services and business formation.

Marketing Plan

Here you should outline and describe an effective overall marketing strategy for your venture, providing details regarding pricing, promotion, advertising, distribution, media usage, public relations, and a digital presence. Fully describe your sales management plan and the composition of your sales force, along with a comprehensive and detailed budget for the marketing plan. Table 11.7 shows a sample marketing plan for La Vida Lola.

Marketing Plan Category	Content
Overview	La Vida Lola will adopt a concentrated marketing strategy. The company’s promotion mix will include a mix of advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and personal selling. Given the target millennial foodie audience, the majority of the promotion mix will be centered around social media platforms. Various social media content will be created in both Spanish and English. The company will also launch a crowdfunding campaign on two crowdfunding platforms for the dual purpose of promotion/publicity and fundraising.
Advertising and Sales Promotion	As with any crowdfunding social media marketing plan, the first place to begin is with the owners’ friends and family. Utilizing primarily Facebook/Instagram and Twitter, La Vida Lola will announce the crowdfunding initiative to their personal networks and prevail upon these friends and family to share the information. Meanwhile, La Vida Lola needs to focus on building a community of backers and cultivating the emotional draw of becoming part of the La Vida Lola family. To build a crowdfunding community via social media, La Vida Lola will routinely share its location, daily if possible, on both Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Inviting and encouraging people to visit and sample their food can rouse interest in the cause. As the campaign is nearing its goal, it would be beneficial to offer a free food item to backers of a specific level, say $50, on one specific day. Sharing this via social media in the day or two preceding the giveaway and on the day of can encourage more backers to commit. Weekly updates of the campaign and the project as a whole are a must. Facebook and Twitter updates of the project coupled with educational information sharing helps backers feel part of the La Vida Lola community. Finally, at every location where La Vida Lola is serving its food, signage will notify the public of their social media presence and the current crowdfunding campaign. Each meal will be accompanied by an invitation from the server for the patron to visit the crowdfunding site and consider donating. Business cards listing the social media and crowdfunding information will be available in the most visible location, likely the counter. Before moving forward with launching a crowdfunding campaign, La Vida Lola will create its website. The website is a great place to establish and share the La Vida Lola brand, vision, videos, menus, staff, and events. It is also a great source of information for potential backers who are unsure about donating to the crowdfunding campaigns. The website will include these elements: . Address the following questions: Who are you? What are the guiding principles of La Vida Lola? How did the business get started? How long has La Vida Lola been in business? Include pictures of chef González. List of current offerings with prices. Will include promotional events and locations where customers can find the truck for different events. Steps will be taken to increase social media followers prior to launching the crowdfunding campaign. Unless a large social media following is already established, a business should aggressively push social media campaigns a minimum of three months prior to the crowdfunding campaign launch. Increasing social media following prior to the campaign kickoff will also allow potential donors to learn more about La Vida Lola and foster relationship building before attempting to raise funds.
Facebook Content and Advertising	The key piece of content will be the campaign pitch video, reshared as a native Facebook upload. A link to the crowdfunding campaigns can be included in the caption. Sharing the same high-quality video published on the campaign page will entice fans to visit Kickstarter to learn more about the project and rewards available to backers.
Crowdfunding Campaigns	Foodstart was created just for restaurants, breweries, cafés, food trucks, and other food businesses, and allows owners to raise money in small increments. It is similar to Indiegogo in that it offers both flexible and fixed funding models and charges a percentage for successful campaigns, which it claims to be the lowest of any crowdfunding platform. It uses a reward-based system rather than equity, where backers are offered rewards or perks resulting in “low-cost capital and a network of people who now have an incentive to see you succeed.” Foodstart will host La Vida Lola’s crowdfunding campaigns for the following reasons: (1) It caters to their niche market; (2) it has less competition from other projects which means that La Vida Lola will stand out more and not get lost in the shuffle; and (3) it has/is making a name/brand for itself which means that more potential backers are aware of it. La Vida Lola will run a simultaneous crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo, which has broader mass appeal.
Publicity	Social media can be a valuable marketing tool to draw people to the Foodstarter and Indiegogo crowdfunding pages. It provides a means to engage followers and keep funders/backers updated on current fundraising milestones. The first order of business is to increase La Vida Lola’s social media presence on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Establishing and using a common hashtag such as #FundLola across all platforms will promote familiarity and searchability, especially within Instagram and Twitter. Hashtags are slowly becoming a presence on Facebook. The hashtag will be used in all print collateral. La Vida Lola will need to identify social influencers—others on social media who can assist with recruiting followers and sharing information. Existing followers, family, friends, local food providers, and noncompetitive surrounding establishments should be called upon to assist with sharing La Vida Lola’s brand, mission, and so on. Cross-promotion will further extend La Vida Lola’s social reach and engagement. Influencers can be called upon to cross promote upcoming events and specials. The crowdfunding strategy will utilize a progressive reward-based model and establish a reward schedule such as the following: In addition to the publicity generated through social media channels and the crowdfunding campaign, La Vida Lola will reach out to area online and print publications (both English- and Spanish-language outlets) for feature articles. Articles are usually teased and/or shared via social media. Reaching out to local broadcast stations (radio and television) may provide opportunities as well. La Vida Lola will recruit a social media intern to assist with developing and implementing a social media content plan. Engaging with the audience and responding to all comments and feedback is important for the success of the campaign. Some user personas from segmentation to target in the campaign:

Financial Plan

A financial plan seeks to forecast revenue and expenses; project a financial narrative; and estimate project costs, valuations, and cash flow projections. This section should present an accurate, realistic, and achievable financial plan for your venture (see Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting for detailed discussions about conducting these projections). Include sales forecasts and income projections, pro forma financial statements ( Building the Entrepreneurial Dream Team , a breakeven analysis, and a capital budget. Identify your possible sources of financing (discussed in Conducting a Feasibility Analysis ). Figure 11.19 shows a template of cash-flow needs for La Vida Lola.

Entrepreneur In Action

Laughing man coffee.

Hugh Jackman ( Figure 11.20 ) may best be known for portraying a comic-book superhero who used his mutant abilities to protect the world from villains. But the Wolverine actor is also working to make the planet a better place for real, not through adamantium claws but through social entrepreneurship.

A love of java jolted Jackman into action in 2009, when he traveled to Ethiopia with a Christian humanitarian group to shoot a documentary about the impact of fair-trade certification on coffee growers there. He decided to launch a business and follow in the footsteps of the late Paul Newman, another famous actor turned philanthropist via food ventures.

Jackman launched Laughing Man Coffee two years later; he sold the line to Keurig in 2015. One Laughing Man Coffee café in New York continues to operate independently, investing its proceeds into charitable programs that support better housing, health, and educational initiatives within fair-trade farming communities. 55 Although the New York location is the only café, the coffee brand is still distributed, with Keurig donating an undisclosed portion of Laughing Man proceeds to those causes (whereas Jackman donates all his profits). The company initially donated its profits to World Vision, the Christian humanitarian group Jackman accompanied in 2009. In 2017, it created the Laughing Man Foundation to be more active with its money management and distribution.

You be the entrepreneur. If you were Jackman, would you have sold the company to Keurig? Why or why not?
Would you have started the Laughing Man Foundation?
What else can Jackman do to aid fair-trade practices for coffee growers?

What Can You Do?

Textbooks for change.

Founded in 2014, Textbooks for Change uses a cross-compensation model, in which one customer segment pays for a product or service, and the profit from that revenue is used to provide the same product or service to another, underserved segment. Textbooks for Change partners with student organizations to collect used college textbooks, some of which are re-sold while others are donated to students in need at underserved universities across the globe. The organization has reused or recycled 250,000 textbooks, providing 220,000 students with access through seven campus partners in East Africa. This B-corp social enterprise tackles a problem and offers a solution that is directly relevant to college students like yourself. Have you observed a problem on your college campus or other campuses that is not being served properly? Could it result in a social enterprise?

Work It Out

Franchisee set out.

A franchisee of East Coast Wings, a chain with dozens of restaurants in the United States, has decided to part ways with the chain. The new store will feature the same basic sports-bar-and-restaurant concept and serve the same basic foods: chicken wings, burgers, sandwiches, and the like. The new restaurant can’t rely on the same distributors and suppliers. A new business plan is needed.

What steps should the new restaurant take to create a new business plan?
Should it attempt to serve the same customers? Why or why not?

This New York Times video, “An Unlikely Business Plan,” describes entrepreneurial resurgence in Detroit, Michigan.

48 Chris Guillebeau. The $100 Startup: Reinvent the Way You Make a Living, Do What You Love, and Create a New Future . New York: Crown Business/Random House, 2012.
49 Jonathan Chan. “What These 4 Startup Case Studies Can Teach You about Failure.” Foundr.com . July 12, 2015. https://foundr.com/4-startup-case-studies-failure/
50 Amy Feldman. “Inventor of the Cut Buddy Paid YouTubers to Spark Sales. He Wasn’t Ready for a Video to Go Viral.” Forbes. February 15, 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestreptalks/2017/02/15/inventor-of-the-cut-buddy-paid-youtubers-to-spark-sales-he-wasnt-ready-for-a-video-to-go-viral/#3eb540ce798a
51 Jennifer Post. “National Business Plan Competitions for Entrepreneurs.” Business News Daily . August 30, 2018. https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/6902-business-plan-competitions-entrepreneurs.html
52 “Rice Business Plan Competition, Eligibility Criteria and How to Apply.” Rice Business Plan Competition . March 2020. https://rbpc.rice.edu/sites/g/files/bxs806/f/2020%20RBPC%20Eligibility%20Criteria%20and%20How%20to%20Apply_23Oct19.pdf
53 “Rice Business Plan Competition, Eligibility Criteria and How to Apply.” Rice Business Plan Competition. March 2020. https://rbpc.rice.edu/sites/g/files/bxs806/f/2020%20RBPC%20Eligibility%20Criteria%20and%20How%20to%20Apply_23Oct19.pdf; Based on 2019 RBPC Competition Rules and Format April 4–6, 2019. https://rbpc.rice.edu/sites/g/files/bxs806/f/2019-RBPC-Competition-Rules%20-Format.pdf
54 Foodstart. http://foodstart.com
55 “Hugh Jackman Journey to Starting a Social Enterprise Coffee Company.” Giving Compass. April 8, 2018. https://givingcompass.org/article/hugh-jackman-journey-to-starting-a-social-enterprise-coffee-company/

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MBA 541 - Global Business Plan Project Resource Guide

Phase One: Choosing a Company and Global Business Opportunity
Phase Two: Planning the Global Enterprise
Phase Three: Organizing Global Business Activities
Phase Four: Implementing the Global Marketing Plan

Resource Guide Overview

Every organization conducts research to plan and implement a business idea. This resource guide is designed to help you find the resources necessary to build the foundation for an international business plan. These steps offer flexibility for many settings related to global business enterprises. The guide may be used for planning global expansion of an existing product or service or may be used to research a new foreign business opportunity. Each phase and section in this guide contains a research component or goal that will help you build your Global Business Plan for MBA 541.

The final result of your global plan may be in one of the following formats:

a written report with supplementary tables and visuals
an oral presentation with visuals
a summary in a poster format or other visual display (website, video, newsletter)

For more information about this project, please refer to your online course shell. Please direct any questions about assignment expectations or requirements to your instructor. Any questions about resources or research tips presented in this guide can be directed towards Ask a Librarian.

Note about research

Keep in mind that you may not explicitly find the information for every component listed in this guide. Rather, be prepared to create data by extrapolating, inferring, estimating, and making judgments based on related and relevant information. Lastly, while research starters and recommend resources have been included under each section, many of the resources and reports can be applied across multiple steps. Be flexible with how you use and apply the information you find throughout the research process.

Next: Phase One: Choosing a Company and Global Business Opportunity >>
Last Updated: May 14, 2024 4:20 PM

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Global MBA – Full-Time
Executive MBA – Temps partiel
Executive MBA - Healthcare Innovation & Technology (HIT) – Temps partiel

Tailored MBA Project

Global opportunities, personal projects

An MBA project tailored to your career goals

After developing your 360° business knowledge over the 6 months of core courses and then specialising during the month of April, in May and June you have the opportunity to put into practice everything you have learned through a two-month tailored MBA project.

The MBA project serves as a capstone experience and is a unique opportunity to put theory into practice. This practical application enhances your understanding and helps you to develop a deeper appreciation of the subject matters covered in the core and specialisation courses.

Exciting MBA project options to choose from

The final MBA project is personalised according to your post-MBA goals, so you can opt for one of 6 choices. You can choose to do a business plan for example, which is perfect if you followed the entrepreneurship track, take a 2 or 6 month paid internship, or you can choose to work in a team on a real-life consulting project. The choice is yours – but don’t worry, you will be supported by our team and faculty, who will help guide and support you all the way through.

The MBA Consulting project

Take advantage of EDHEC’s privileged relationships with a range of high-profile companies spanning various sectors. During your consulting project, you will form a small team with fellow students to address a specific challenge for your client.

Working as an international team with diverse experience and perspectives, you’ll be putting into practice the range of skills and knowledge acquired throughout the programme .

The consulting projects for the companies offer the experience level of our students and also the diversity of our students.

[Participant]: I decided to pursue a consulting project because it's a unique experience to put all the skills that we learned during the MBA into practice.

The consulting projects run full-time in May and June, so we start sourcing the projects in November and that ends in February. In March there's a competitive bidding process where the companies come on-site to pitch their projects and students vote for the projects they want to work for. The projects run through May and June with presentation to the company at the end of June

[Participant]: I chose consulting project over other options because it provided a good opportunity to work with Johnson & Johnson which is a global leader in pharmaceutical business.

The consulting project provides a real-world insight: first, in the experience outside the classroom and the also a direct client facing experience.

We work for any company with challenging projects. In recent years, we've done digitalization projects for Airbus helicopters, we've done market research for Amadeus and we did a market entry strategy for a fintech startup.

[Participant]: This was a lot of new things for me! It was my first experience as a real consultant, so I had overcome some of my personal fears, like doing cold calling, approaching strangers, doing all the teamwork, trying to find best way to communicate within my team and within with my company. It's a different kind of education. You don't just study theoretically you really have to actually produce some results which will even be useful to the client. The team has two Russians, one German, one Indian and so it's very interesting to see these different kinds of cultures first of all clash a bit together but then in the end we find agreement and we really produce very good work so far I think.

This is an applied learning module, so students get to put into practice skills they've learned during the year from strategy development, market analysis, project management and also to apply their business acumen, problem-solving, critical thinking, teamwork and leadership skills.

Past MBA consulting projects include challenges such as:

Launching a new product on international markets

Developing an existing product in new markets on an international scale

Conducting a global survey on gender diversity with recommendations

Re-positioning a start-up, revising a business plan, identifying access to capital

Developing a comprehensive mobile offering for B2B clients worldwide

Exploring alternatives to current organizational structure in investment banking

Past and current sponsors of EDHEC Global MBA consulting projects include:

MBA Project Internship

Are you looking to change sector, role or country? An MBA internship gives you the opportunity to test out the changes you’re aiming for before seeking full-time employment, and to start applying your new skills and knowledge.

You can choose to do a two-month internship as your MBA project, or you can extend your MBA programme by doing a longer internship at the end of your studies and thus extend your MBA experience to 16 months.

For the Fast Track Pro option, if you decide to start your career immediately after your 8 months in class, you can submit a job report as your MBA project.

MBA Project Internship - 2 months

You’ll spend two months working in the sector of your choice, applying the skills and knowledge you will have accumulated throughout the programme. Students find internships in a variety of companies and sectors, and are supported in their search by EDHEC career services who advise them and can link them to the school’s business partners.

Corporate Internship - up to 6 months

If you wish to gain more extensive experience during your internship, you can prolong it up to a length of six months or follow up your two-month internship with a second one lasting up to six months, working with one of EDHEC’s corporate partners or in a company of your choice, anywhere in the world.

MBA internships take place in top companies including:

Amadeus (France), Amazon (Luxembourg, UK and France), Nielsen (Netherlands), MARS/Royal Canin (France), Nissan (France), Sodexo (France), VMware (USA) and Schneider Electric (France)

MBA Sustainability Project

The UN has set 17 sustainability goals that address global challenges, including poverty, inequality, climate, environmental degradation, prosperity, and peace and justice. The sustainability project gives you the chance to spend two months organising a project or initiative contributing to these goals.

It’s the perfect opportunity to gain insight into how you can leverage your skills, knowledge and career to work towards a fairer, healthier future for the sector you want to work in and for the planet.

At EDHEC we have formally engaged as a charter signatory of these goals, and this project puts our commitment into action.

MBA Research Project

Deepening your knowledge significantly in a particular field can be an advantage in certain sectors. That’s why one of the MBA project options is research-based, leading to an MBA thesis.

You’ll be free to choose the subject and angle to align your research with your career objectives, focusing on any technical or fundamental topic in business such as management, leadership or finance. You’ll be assigned a faculty member with experience in the domain to accompany and support you during the project.

Your Business Plan

Each year, up to 15% of EDHEC’s Global MBA students set up their own businesses after graduation. Is it your turn?

Developing your business plan within your MBA programme means that you have access to an incredible wealth of knowledge and specialised feedback before even launching. During the Business Plan project, you’ll get the chance to apply your new knowledge, start looking at concrete details relative to how your business will function, and evaluate its economic feasibility.

Combined with the Entrepreneurship specialisation track and its opportunity to pitch to business angels, the Global MBA can be the perfect catalyst to getting your business off the ground.

Bring your startup vision to fruition

Learn more about how to kickstart your business with the EDHEC Global MBA.

MBA Entrepreneurship Track

Academic Exchange

If you’re considering further courses, improving your language skills, or are searching for career opportunities abroad, you could consider the Academic Exchange as your MBA project.

Every year, a small number of students are selected to integrate and experience further education at our prestigious partner universities, including:

NUCB in Nagoya, Japan
IPADE in Monterrey, Mexico
CEIBS in Shanghai, China
Stanford University Summer Session in Stanford, USA

It’s the perfect opportunity to experience these locations for a longer period of time, especially if they figure in your post-MBA plans. You’ll profit from the academic excellence of our partner universities, and get the chance to create your own network and opportunities there.

Consulting project

Mba internship, sustainability project, research project, business plan, are you ready for the next step in your career.

The EDHEC Global MBA gives you the chance to learn, practice and leap straight into your post-MBA career. Whether it’s growing the seedling of your business, discovering your capacities in consulting, or showing a future employer your potential, you’ll have a head start well before graduation.

Download brochure

The MBA project serves as a capstone experience that provides students with the opportunity to put theory into practice. This practical application of the theories and concepts learned in the classroom enhances your understanding of real-life business challenges and helps you to develop a deeper appreciation of the subject matter. MBA projects typically involve data analysis, and problem-solving, which are critical skills for success in the business world. The scope of an MBA project varies depending on your career goals. It could be a standalone research project, an internship, or a consultancy project. Some common areas of focus for MBA projects include finance, marketing, management, and entrepreneurship. The final product of an MBA project is typically a written report, presentation, or case study.

At EDHEC, you have many exciting options for your MBA project. Your MBA project is tailored to your individual career goals and professional objectives. Options include: consulting project, MBA internship, sustainability project, research project, business plan or academic exchange.

At EDHEC, the MBA project is a compulsory part of your MBA experience. The MBA project is an essential component of the MBA programme and an important milestone in your studies as it allows you to apply what you have learned in the classroom to real-world business problems. It is a valuable opportunity to demonstrate your mastery of the chosen subject matter and develop skills that are critical for success in the business world.

Global MBA Consultation & CV Clinic: Singapore

Executive mba consultation & cv clinic: brussels, global mba consultation & cv clinic: montreal.

The role of a global MBA in international consulting

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How To Write A Business Plan (2024 Guide)

Updated: Apr 17, 2024, 11:59am

How To Write A Business Plan (2024 Guide)

Brainstorm an executive summary, create a company description, brainstorm your business goals, describe your services or products, conduct market research, create financial plans, bottom line, frequently asked questions.

Every business starts with a vision, which is distilled and communicated through a business plan. In addition to your high-level hopes and dreams, a strong business plan outlines short-term and long-term goals, budget and whatever else you might need to get started. In this guide, we’ll walk you through how to write a business plan that you can stick to and help guide your operations as you get started.

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Drafting the Summary

An executive summary is an extremely important first step in your business. You have to be able to put the basic facts of your business in an elevator pitch-style sentence to grab investors’ attention and keep their interest. This should communicate your business’s name, what the products or services you’re selling are and what marketplace you’re entering.

Ask for Help

When drafting the executive summary, you should have a few different options. Enlist a few thought partners to review your executive summary possibilities to determine which one is best.

After you have the executive summary in place, you can work on the company description, which contains more specific information. In the description, you’ll need to include your business’s registered name , your business address and any key employees involved in the business.

The business description should also include the structure of your business, such as sole proprietorship , limited liability company (LLC) , partnership or corporation. This is the time to specify how much of an ownership stake everyone has in the company. Finally, include a section that outlines the history of the company and how it has evolved over time.

Wherever you are on the business journey, you return to your goals and assess where you are in meeting your in-progress targets and setting new goals to work toward.

Numbers-based Goals

Goals can cover a variety of sections of your business. Financial and profit goals are a given for when you’re establishing your business, but there are other goals to take into account as well with regard to brand awareness and growth. For example, you might want to hit a certain number of followers across social channels or raise your engagement rates.

Another goal could be to attract new investors or find grants if you’re a nonprofit business. If you’re looking to grow, you’ll want to set revenue targets to make that happen as well.

Intangible Goals

Goals unrelated to traceable numbers are important as well. These can include seeing your business’s advertisement reach the general public or receiving a terrific client review. These goals are important for the direction you take your business and the direction you want it to go in the future.

The business plan should have a section that explains the services or products that you’re offering. This is the part where you can also describe how they fit in the current market or are providing something necessary or entirely new. If you have any patents or trademarks, this is where you can include those too.

If you have any visual aids, they should be included here as well. This would also be a good place to include pricing strategy and explain your materials.

This is the part of the business plan where you can explain your expertise and different approach in greater depth. Show how what you’re offering is vital to the market and fills an important gap.

You can also situate your business in your industry and compare it to other ones and how you have a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

Other than financial goals, you want to have a budget and set your planned weekly, monthly and annual spending. There are several different costs to consider, such as operational costs.

Business Operations Costs

Rent for your business is the first big cost to factor into your budget. If your business is remote, the cost that replaces rent will be the software that maintains your virtual operations.

Marketing and sales costs should be next on your list. Devoting money to making sure people know about your business is as important as making sure it functions.

Other Costs

Although you can’t anticipate disasters, there are likely to be unanticipated costs that come up at some point in your business’s existence. It’s important to factor these possible costs into your financial plans so you’re not caught totally unaware.

Business plans are important for businesses of all sizes so that you can define where your business is and where you want it to go. Growing your business requires a vision, and giving yourself a roadmap in the form of a business plan will set you up for success.

How do I write a simple business plan?

When you’re working on a business plan, make sure you have as much information as possible so that you can simplify it to the most relevant information. A simple business plan still needs all of the parts included in this article, but you can be very clear and direct.

What are some common mistakes in a business plan?

The most common mistakes in a business plan are common writing issues like grammar errors or misspellings. It’s important to be clear in your sentence structure and proofread your business plan before sending it to any investors or partners.

What basic items should be included in a business plan?

When writing out a business plan, you want to make sure that you cover everything related to your concept for the business, an analysis of the industry―including potential customers and an overview of the market for your goods or services―how you plan to execute your vision for the business, how you plan to grow the business if it becomes successful and all financial data around the business, including current cash on hand, potential investors and budget plans for the next few years.

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Julia is a writer in New York and started covering tech and business during the pandemic. She also covers books and the publishing industry.

How to Write a Business Plan (Plus Examples & Templates)

Have you ever wondered how to write a business plan step by step? Mike Andes, told us:

This guide will help you write a business plan to impress investors.

Throughout this process, we’ll get information from Mike Andes, who started Augusta Lawn Care Services when he was 12 and turned it into a franchise with over 90 locations. He has gone on to help others learn how to write business plans and start businesses. He knows a thing or two about writing business plans!

We’ll start by discussing the definition of a business plan. Then we’ll discuss how to come up with the idea, how to do the market research, and then the important elements in the business plan format. Keep reading to start your journey!

What Is a Business Plan?

A business plan is simply a road map of what you are trying to achieve with your business and how you will go about achieving it. It should cover all elements of your business including:

Finding customers
Plans for developing a team
Competition
Legal structures
Key milestones you are pursuing

If you aren’t quite ready to create a business plan, consider starting by reading our business startup guide .

Get a Business Idea

Before you can write a business plan, you have to have a business idea. You may see a problem that needs to be solved and have an idea how to solve it, or you might start by evaluating your interests and skills.

Mike told us, “The three things I suggest asking yourself when thinking about starting a business are:

What am I good at?
What would I enjoy doing?
What can I get paid for?”

Three adjoining circles about business opportunity

If all three of these questions don’t lead to at least one common answer, it will probably be a much harder road to success. Either there is not much market for it, you won’t be good at it, or you won’t enjoy doing it.

As Mike told us, “There’s enough stress starting and running a business that if you don’t like it or aren’t good at it, it’s hard to succeed.”

If you’d like to hear more about Mike’s approach to starting a business, check out our YouTube video

Conduct Market Analysis

Market analysis is focused on establishing if there is a target market for your products and services, how large the target market is, and identifying the demographics of people or businesses that would be interested in the product or service. The goal here is to establish how much money your business concept can make.

Product and Service Demand

An image showing product service and demand

A search engine is your best friend when trying to figure out if there is demand for your products and services. Personally, I love using presearch.org because it lets you directly search on a ton of different platforms including Google, Youtube, Twitter, and more. Check out the screenshot for the full list of search options.

With quick web searches, you can find out how many competitors you have, look through their reviews, and see if there are common complaints about the competitors. Bad reviews are a great place to find opportunities to offer better products or services.

If there are no similar products or services, you may have stumbled upon something new, or there may just be no demand for it. To find out, go talk to your most honest friend about the idea and see what they think. If they tell you it’s dumb or stare at you vacantly, there’s probably no market for it.

You can also conduct a survey through social media to get public opinion on your idea. Using Facebook Business Manager , you could get a feel for who would be interested in your product or service.

I ran a quick test of how many people between 18-65 you could reach in the U.S. during a week. It returned an estimated 700-2,000 for the total number of leads, which is enough to do a fairly accurate statistical analysis.

Identify Demographics of Target Market

Depending on what type of business you want to run, your target market will be different. The narrower the demographic, the fewer potential customers you’ll have. If you did a survey, you’ll be able to use that data to help define your target audience. Some considerations you’ll want to consider are:

Other Interests
Marital Status
Do they have kids?

Once you have this information, it can help you narrow down your options for location and help define your marketing further. One resource that Mike recommended using is the Census Bureau’s Quick Facts Map . He told us,

“It helps you quickly evaluate what the best areas are for your business to be located.”

How to Write a Business Plan

Now that you’ve developed your idea a little and established there is a market for it, you can begin writing a business plan. Getting started is easier with the business plan template we created for you to download. I strongly recommend using it as it is updated to make it easier to create an action plan.

Each of the following should be a section of your business plan:

Business Plan Cover Page
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Company Description
Description of Products and Services

SWOT Analysis

Competitor Data
Competitive Analysis
Marketing Expenses Strategy

Pricing Strategy

Distribution Channel Assessment
Operational Plan
Management and Organizational Strategy
Financial Statements and/or Financial Projections

We’ll look into each of these. Don’t forget to download our free business plan template (mentioned just above) so you can follow along as we go.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 1. Create a Cover Page

The first thing investors will see is the cover page for your business plan. Make sure it looks professional. A great cover page shows that you think about first impressions.

A good business plan should have the following elements on a cover page:

Professionally designed logo
Company name
Mission or Vision Statement
Contact Info

Basically, think of a cover page for your business plan like a giant business card. It is meant to capture people’s attention but be quickly processed.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 2. Create a Table of Contents

Most people are busy enough that they don’t have a lot of time. Providing a table of contents makes it easy for them to find the pages of your plan that are meaningful to them.

A table of contents will be immediately after the cover page, but you can include it after the executive summary. Including the table of contents immediately after the executive summary will help investors know what section of your business plan they want to review more thoroughly.

Check out Canva’s article about creating a table of contents . It has a ton of great information about creating easy access to each section of your business plan. Just remember that you’ll want to use different strategies for digital and hard copy business plans.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 3. Write an Executive Summary

A notepad with a written executive summary for business plan writing

An executive summary is where your business plan should catch the readers interest. It doesn’t need to be long, but should be quick and easy to read.

Mike told us,

How long should an executive summary bein an informal business plan?

For casual use, an executive summary should be similar to an elevator pitch, no more than 150-160 words, just enough to get them interested and wanting more. Indeed has a great article on elevator pitches . This can also be used for the content of emails to get readers’ attention.

It consists of three basic parts:

An introduction to you and your business.
What your business is about.
A call to action

Example of an informal executive summary

One of the best elevator pitches I’ve used is:

So far that pitch has achieved a 100% success rate in getting partnerships for the business.

What should I include in an executive summary for investors?

Investors are going to need a more detailed executive summary if you want to secure financing or sell equity. The executive summary should be a brief overview of your entire business plan and include:

Introduction of yourself and company.
An origin story (Recognition of a problem and how you came to solution)
An introduction to your products or services.
Your unique value proposition. Make sure to include intellectual property.
Where you are in the business life cycle
Request and why you need it.

Successful business plan examples

The owner of Urbanity told us he spent 2 months writing a 75-page business plan and received a $250,000 loan from the bank when he was 23. Make your business plan as detailed as possible when looking for financing. We’ve provided a template to help you prepare the portions of a business plan that banks expect.

Here’s the interview with the owner of Urbanity:

When to write an executive summary?

Even though the summary is near the beginning of a business plan, you should write it after you complete the rest of a business plan. You can’t talk about revenue, profits, and expected expenditures if you haven’t done the market research and created a financial plan.

What mistakes do people make when writing an executive summary?

Business owners commonly go into too much detail about the following items in an executive summary:

Marketing and sales processes
Financial statements
Organizational structure
Market analysis

These are things that people will want to know later, but they don’t hook the reader. They won’t spark interest in your small business, but they’ll close the deal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 4. Company Description

Every business plan should include a company description. A great business plan will include the following elements while describing the company:

Mission statement
Philosophy and vision
Company goals

Target market

Legal structure

Let’s take a look at what each section includes in a good business plan.

Mission Statement

A mission statement is a brief explanation of why you started the company and what the company’s main focus is. It should be no more than one or two sentences. Check out HubSpot’s article 27 Inspiring Mission Statement for a great read on informative and inspiring mission and vision statements.

Company Philosophy and Vision

The company philosophy is what drives your company. You’ll normally hear them called core values. These are the building blocks that make your company different. You want to communicate your values to customers, business owners, and investors as often as possible to build a company culture, but make sure to back them up.

What makes your company different?

Each company is different. Your new business should rise above the standard company lines of honesty, integrity, fun, innovation, and community when communicating your business values. The standard answers are corporate jargon and lack authenticity.

Examples of core values

One of my clients decided to add a core values page to their website. As a tech company they emphasized the values:

Prioritize communication.
Never stop learning.
Be transparent.
Start small and grow incrementally.

These values communicate how the owner and the rest of the company operate. They also show a value proposition and competitive advantage because they specifically focus on delivering business value from the start. These values also genuinely show what the company is about and customers recognize the sincerity. Indeed has a great blog about how to identify your core values .

What is a vision statement?

A vision statement communicate the long lasting change a business pursues. The vision helps investors and customers understand what your company is trying to accomplish. The vision statement goes beyond a mission statement to provide something meaningful to the community, customer’s lives, or even the world.

Example vision statements

The Alzheimer’s Association is a great example of a vision statement:

A world without Alzheimer’s Disease and other dementia.

It clearly tells how they want to change the world. A world without Alzheimers might be unachievable, but that means they always have room for improvement.

Business Goals

You have to measure success against goals for a business plan to be meaningful. A business plan helps guide a company similar to how your GPS provides a road map to your favorite travel destination. A goal to make as much money as possible is not inspirational and sounds greedy.

Sure, business owners want to increase their profits and improve customer service, but they need to present an overview of what they consider success. The goals should help everyone prioritize their work.

How far in advance should a business plan?

Business planning should be done at least one year in advance, but many banks and investors prefer three to five year business plans. Longer plans show investors that the management team understands the market and knows the business is operating in a constantly shifting market. In addition, a plan helps businesses to adjust to changes because they have already considered how to handle them.

Example of great business goals

My all time-favorite long-term company goals are included in Tesla’s Master Plan, Part Deux . These goals were written in 2016 and drive the company’s decisions through 2026. They are the reason that investors are so forgiving when Elon Musk continually fails to meet his quarterly and annual goals.

If the progress aligns with the business plan investors are likely to continue to believe in the company. Just make sure the goals are reasonable or you’ll be discredited (unless you’re Elon Musk).

A man holding an iPad with a cup of coffee on his desk

You did target market research before creating a business plan. Now it’s time to add it to the plan so others understand what your ideal customer looks like. As a new business owner, you may not be considered an expert in your field yet, so document everything. Make sure the references you use are from respectable sources.

Use information from the specific lender when you are applying for lending. Most lenders provide industry research reports and using their data can strengthen the position of your business plan.

A small business plan should include a section on the external environment. Understanding the industry is crucial because we don’t plan a business in a vacuum. Make sure to research the industry trends, competitors, and forecasts. I personally prefer IBIS World for my business research. Make sure to answer questions like:

What is the industry outlook long-term and short-term?
How will your business take advantage of projected industry changes and trends?
What might happen to your competitors and how will your business successfully compete?

Industry resources

Some helpful resources to help you establish more about your industry are:

Trade Associations
Federal Reserve
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Legal Structure

There are five basic types of legal structures that most people will utilize:

Sole proprietorships
Limited Liability Companies (LLC)

Partnerships

Corporations.

Franchises.

Each business structure has their pros and cons. An LLC is the most common legal structure due to its protection of personal assets and ease of setting up. Make sure to specify how ownership is divided and what roles each owner plays when you have more than one business owner.

You’ll have to decide which structure is best for you, but we’ve gathered information on each to make it easier.

Sole Proprietorship

A sole proprietorship is the easiest legal structure to set up but doesn’t protect the owner’s personal assets from legal issues. That means if something goes wrong, you could lose both your company and your home.

To start a sole proprietorship, fill out a special tax form called a Schedule C . Sole proprietors can also join the American Independent Business Alliance .

Limited Liability Company (LLC)

An LLC is the most common business structure used in the United States because an LLC protects the owner’s personal assets. It’s similar to partnerships and corporations, but can be a single-member LLC in most states. An LLC requires a document called an operating agreement.

Each state has different requirements. Here’s a link to find your state’s requirements . Delaware and Nevada are common states to file an LLC because they are really business-friendly. Here’s a blog on the top 10 states to get an LLC.

Partnerships are typically for legal firms. If you choose to use a partnership choose a Limited Liability Partnership. Alternatively, you can just use an LLC.

Corporations are typically for massive organizations. Corporations have taxes on both corporate and income tax so unless you plan on selling stock, you are better off considering an LLC with S-Corp status . Investopedia has good information corporations here .

There are several opportunities to purchase successful franchises. TopFranchise.com has a list of companies in a variety of industries that offer franchise opportunities. This makes it where an entrepreneur can benefit from the reputation of an established business that has already worked out many of the kinks of starting from scratch.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 5. Products and Services

This section of the business plan should focus on what you sell, how you source it, and how you sell it. You should include:

Unique features that differentiate your business products from competitors
Intellectual property
Your supply chain
Cost and pricing structure

Questions to answer about your products and services

Mike gave us a list of the most important questions to answer about your product and services:

How will you be selling the product? (in person, ecommerce, wholesale, direct to consumer)?
How do you let them know they need a product?
How do you communicate the message?
How will you do transactions?
How much will you be selling it for?
How many do you think you’ll sell and why?

Make sure to use the worksheet on our business plan template .

How to Write a Business Plan Step 6. Sales and Marketing Plan

The marketing and sales plan is focused on the strategy to bring awareness to your company and guides how you will get the product to the consumer. It should contain the following sections:

SWOT Analysis stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Not only do you want to identify them, but you also want to document how the business plans to deal with them.

Business owners need to do a thorough job documenting how their service or product stacks up against the competition.

If proper research isn’t done, investors will be able to tell that the owner hasn’t researched the competition and is less likely to believe that the team can protect its service from threats by the more well-established competition. This is one of the most common parts of a presentation that trips up business owners presenting on Shark Tank .

SWOT Examples

Examples of strengths and weaknesses could be things like the lack of cash flow, intellectual property ownership, high costs of suppliers, and customers’ expectations on shipping times.

Opportunities could be ways to capitalize on your strengths or improve your weaknesses, but may also be gaps in the industry. This includes:

Adding offerings that fit with your current small business
Increase sales to current customers
Reducing costs through bulk ordering
Finding ways to reduce inventory
And other areas you can improve

Threats will normally come from outside of the company but could also be things like losing a key member of the team. Threats normally come from competition, regulations, taxes, and unforeseen events.

The management team should use the SWOT analysis to guide other areas of business planning, but it absolutely has to be done before a business owner starts marketing.

Include Competitor Data in Your Business Plan

When you plan a business, taking into consideration the strengths and weaknesses of the competition is key to navigating the field. Providing an overview of your competition and where they are headed shows that you are invested in understanding the industry.

For smaller businesses, you’ll want to search both the company and the owners names to see what they are working on. For publicly held corporations, you can find their quarterly and annual reports on the SEC website .

What another business plans to do can impact your business. Make sure to include things that might make it attractive for bigger companies to outsource to a small business.

Marketing Strategy

The marketing and sales part of business plans should be focused on how you are going to make potential customers aware of your business and then sell to them.

If you haven’t already included it, Mike recommends:

“They’ll want to know about Demographics, ages, and wealth of your target market.”

Make sure to include the Total addressable market . The term refers to the value if you captured 100% of the market.

Advertising Strategy

You’ll explain what formats of advertising you’ll be using. Some possibilities are:

Online: Facebook and Google are the big names to work with here.
Print : Print can be used to reach broad groups or targeted markets. Check out this for tips .
Radio : iHeartMedia is one of the best ways to advertise on the radio
Cable television : High priced, hard to measure ROI, but here’s an explanation of the process
Billboards: Attracting customers with billboards can be beneficial in high traffic areas.

You’ll want to define how you’ll be using each including frequency, duration, and cost. If you have the materials already created, including pictures or links to the marketing to show creative assets.

Mike told us “Most businesses are marketing digitally now due to Covid, but that’s not always the right answer.”

Make sure the marketing strategy will help team members or external marketing agencies stay within the brand guidelines .

An iPad with graph about pricing strategy

This section of a business plan should be focused on pricing. There are a ton of pricing strategies that may work for different business plans. Which one will work for you depends on what kind of a business you run.

Some common pricing strategies are:

Value-based pricing – Commonly used with home buying and selling or other products that are status symbols.
Skimming pricing – Commonly seen in video game consoles, price starts off high to recoup expenses quickly, then reduces over time.
Competition-based pricing – Pricing based on competitors’ pricing is commonly seen at gas stations.
Freemium services – Commonly used for software, where there is a free plan, then purchase options for more functionality.

HubSpot has a great calculator and blog on pricing strategies.

Beyond explaining what strategy your business plans to use, you should include references for how you came to this pricing strategy and how it will impact your cash flow.

Distribution Plan

This part of a business plan is focused on how the product or service is going to go through the supply chain. These may include multiple divisions or multiple companies. Make sure to include any parts of the workflow that are automated so investors can see where cost savings are expected and when.

Supply Chain Examples

For instance, lawn care companies would need to cover aspects such as:

Suppliers for lawn care equipment and tools
Any chemicals or treatments needed
Repair parts for sprinkler systems
Vehicles to transport equipment and employees
Insurance to protect the company vehicles and people.

Examples of Supply Chains

These are fairly flat supply chains compared to something like a clothing designer where the clothes would go through multiple vendors. A clothing company might have the following supply chain:

Raw materials
Shipping of raw materials
Converting of raw materials to thread
Shipping thread to produce garments
Garment producer
Shipping to company
Company storage
Shipping to retail stores

There have been advances such as print on demand that eliminate many of these steps. If you are designing completely custom clothing, all of this would need to be planned to keep from having business disruptions.

The main thing to include in the business plan is the list of suppliers, the path the supply chain follows, the time from order to the customer’s home, and the costs associated with each step of the process.

According to BizPlanReview , a business plan without this information is likely to get rejected because they have failed to research the key elements necessary to make sales to the customer.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 7. Company Organization and Operational Plan

This part of the business plan is focused on how the business model will function while serving customers. The business plan should provide an overview of how the team will manage the following aspects:

Quality Control

Legal environment

Let’s look at each for some insight.

Production has already been discussed in previous sections so I won’t go into it much. When writing a business plan for investors, try to avoid repetition as it creates a more simple business plan.

If the organizational plan will be used by the team as an overview of how to perform the best services for the customer, then redundancy makes more sense as it communicates what is important to the business.

A wooden stamp with the words "quality control"

Quality control policies help to keep the team focused on how to verify that the company adheres to the business plan and meets or exceeds customer expectations.

Quality control can be anything from a standard that says “all labels on shirts can be no more than 1/16″ off center” to a defined checklist of steps that should be performed and filled out for every customer.

There are a variety of organizations that help define quality control including:

International Organization for Standardization – Quality standards for energy, technology, food, production environments, and cybersecurity
AICPA – Standard defined for accounting.
The Joint Commission – Healthcare
ASHRAE – HVAC best practices

You can find lists of the organizations that contribute most to the government regulation of industries on Open Secrets . Research what the leaders in your field are doing. Follow their example and implement it in your quality control plan.

For location, you should use information from the market research to establish where the location will be. Make sure to include the following in the location documentation.

The size of your location
The type of building (retail, industrial, commercial, etc.)
Zoning restrictions – Urban Wire has a good map on how zoning works in each state
Accessibility – Does it meet ADA requirements?
Costs including rent, maintenance, utilities, insurance and any buildout or remodeling costs
Utilities – b.e.f. has a good energy calculator .

Legal Environment

The legal requirement section is focused on defining how to meet the legal requirements for your industry. A good business plan should include all of the following:

Any licenses and/or permits that are needed and whether you’ve obtained them
Any trademarks, copyrights, or patents that you have or are in the process of applying for
The insurance coverage your business requires and how much it costs
Any environmental, health, or workplace regulations affecting your business
Any special regulations affecting your industry
Bonding requirements, if applicable

Your local SBA office can help you establish requirements in your area. I strongly recommend using them. They are a great resource.

Your business plan should include a plan for company organization and hiring. While you may be the only person with the company right now, down the road you’ll need more people. Make sure to consider and document the answers to the following questions:

What is the current leadership structure and what will it look like in the future?
What types of employees will you have? Are there any licensing or educational requirements?
How many employees will you need?
Will you ever hire freelancers or independent contractors?
What is each position’s job description?
What is the pay structure (hourly, salaried, base plus commission, etc.)?
How do you plan to find qualified employees and contractors?

One of the most crucial parts of a business plan is the organizational chart. This simply shows the positions the company will need, who is in charge of them and the relationship of each of them. It will look similar to this:

Our small business plan template has a much more in-depth organizational chart you can edit to include when you include the organizational chart in your business plan.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 8. Financial Statements

No business plan is complete without financial statements or financial projections. The business plan format will be different based on whether you are writing a business plan to expand a business or a startup business plan. Let’s dig deeper into each.

Provide All Financial Income from an Existing Business

An existing business should use their past financial documents including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement to find trends to estimate the next 3-5 years.

You can create easy trendlines in excel to predict future revenue, profit and loss, cash flow, and other changes in year-over-year performance. This will show your expected performance assuming business continues as normal.

If you are seeking an investment, then the business is probably not going to continue as normal. Depending on the financial plan and the purpose of getting financing, adjustments may be needed to the following:

Higher Revenue if expanding business
Lower Cost of Goods Sold if purchasing inventory with bulk discounts
Adding interest if utilizing financing (not equity deal)
Changes in expenses
Addition of financing information to the cash flow statement
Changes in Earnings per Share on the balance sheet

Financial modeling is a challenging subject, but there are plenty of low-cost courses on the subject. If you need help planning your business financial documentation take some time to watch some of them.

Make it a point to document how you calculated all the changes to the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement in your business plan so that key team members or investors can verify your research.

Financial Projections For A Startup Business Plan

Unlike an existing business, a startup doesn’t have previous success to model its future performance. In this scenario, you need to focus on how to make a business plan realistic through the use of industry research and averages.

Mike gave the following advice in his interview:

Financial Forecasting Mistakes

One of the things a lot of inexperienced people use is the argument, “If I get one percent of the market, it is worth $100 million.” If you use this, investors are likely to file the document under bad business plan examples.

Let’s use custom t-shirts as an example.

Credence Research estimated in 2018 there were 11,334,800,000 custom t-shirts sold for a total of $206.12 Billion, with a 6% compound annual growth rate.

With that data, you can calculate that the industry will grow to $270 Billion in 2023 and that the average shirt sold creates $18.18 in revenue.

Combine that with an IBIS World estimate of 11,094 custom screen printers and that means even if you become an average seller, you’ll get .009% of the market.

Here’s a table for easier viewing of that information.

A table showing yearly revenue of a business

The point here is to make sure your business proposal examples make sense.

You’ll need to know industry averages such as cost of customer acquisition, revenue per customer, the average cost of goods sold, and admin costs to be able to create accurate estimates.

Our simple business plan templates walk you through most of these processes. If you follow them you’ll have a good idea of how to write a business proposal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 9. Business Plan Example of Funding Requests

What is a business plan without a plan on how to obtain funding?

The Small Business Administration has an example for a pizza restaurant that theoretically needed nearly $20k to make it through their first month.

In our video, How to Start a $500K/Year T-Shirt Business (Pt. 1 ), Sanford Booth told us he needed about $200,000 to start his franchise and broke even after 4 months.

Freshbooks estimates it takes on average 2-3 years for a business to be profitable, which means the fictitious pizza company from the SBA could need up to $330k to make it through that time and still pay their bills for their home and pizza shop.

Not every business needs that much to start, but realistically it’s a good idea to assume that you need a fairly large cushion.

Ways to get funding for a small business

There are a variety of ways to cover this. the most common are:

Bootstrapping – Using your savings without external funding.
Taking out debt – loans, credit cards
Equity, Seed Funding – Ownership of a percentage of the company in exchange for current funds
Crowdsourcing – Promising a good for funding to create the product

Keep reading for more tips on how to write a business plan.

How funding will be used

When asking for business financing make sure to include:

How much to get started?
What is the minimum viable product and how soon can you make money?
How will the money be spent?

Mike emphasized two aspects that should be included in every plan,

How to Write a Business Plan Resources

Here are some links to a business plan sample and business plan outline.

Sample plan

It’s also helpful to follow some of the leading influencers in the business plan writing community. Here’s a list:

Wise Plans – Shares a lot of information on starting businesses and is a business plan writing company.
Optimus Business Plans – Another business plan writing company.
Venture Capital – A venture capital thread that can help give you ideas.

How to Write a Business Plan: What’s Next?

We hope this guide about how to write a simple business plan step by step has been helpful. We’ve covered:

The definition of a business plan
Coming up with a business idea
Performing market research
The critical components of a business plan
An example business plan

In addition, we provided you with a simple business plan template to assist you in the process of writing your startup business plan. The startup business plan template also includes a business model template that will be the key to your success.

Don’t forget to check out the rest of our business hub .

Have you written a business plan before? How did it impact your ability to achieve your goals?

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Independent Projects allow second-year HBS students to partner with an organization on a real-time challenge of strategic importance. Students are advised by a faculty member and receive academic credit for their final deliverable(s). Organizations benefit from the work performed, as well as from the opportunity to engage with students who might be a fit for your organization.

Independent Projects may be conducted by a student working independently or in teams that ideally range from three to five students. Each team or individual is expected to conduct research in the field, carry out thoughtful analysis, prepare a report, and make a final presentation—supported by concrete findings and recommendations—to the advising faculty and, if appropriate, the sponsoring organization. Current students can find details on registering and HBS policies on field-based learning (login required).

Not all proposed projects will materialize. Students will respond directly to the organization if they are interested in discussing the opportunity. A team will then find a faculty advisor, confirm participation directly with the organization, and register for credit. If you wish to proactively promote an independent project to relevant students, you may forward the project description to a relevant student club in addition to posting it below.

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Creating the strategic plan for a new department, including product roadmap, architecture, budget, staffing, product pricing, and additional resources
Assisting in building a business case and competitive analysis for an expanded role in the multibillion-dollar Bank/Broker-dealer back-office segment
Helping the CEO determine how to manage the business and political issues around the pricing and marketing of prescription drugs
Analyzing the appropriateness of an organization’s current price positioning for the North American market, conducting a contribution/break-even analysis of its product lines, and presenting strategic recommendations
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Q. How can I create an international business plan for project 4 for MBA 670?

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Answered By: Cynthia Thomes Last Updated: Mar 27, 2024 Views: 7496

Project 4 for MBA 670 asks you to choose a product and country from lists provided in your classroom and to then create a business plan that discusses how you could expand a company's business into your chosen country by introducing your chosen product to that country.

Following is information that should help you find the information that you've been asked to include in your business plan.

Main competitors : One way to find the main companies that already offer the product that you chose in the country that you chose is to find the NAICS code that applies to the product's industry (see the information in your classroom and/or NAICS Codes for more information about how to find an industry's NAICS code; many medical devices, for instance, will have NAICS code 334510 , which covers electromedical and electrotherapeutic apparatus manufacturing, or NAICS code 334516 , which covers analytical laboratory instrument manufacturing, or NAICS code 339113 , which covers surgical appliance and supplies manufacturing) and to then run an industry search in Hoovers for that NAICS code. On the industry overview page, scroll down to the Geographic Segmentation section and click on the hyperlinked number in the Companies column to see a list of companies. (Note that you may need to click on the “Show Rows with Values Less Than 5% of Total” link in order to see the country that you chose.) Alternately, if you know the name of a company that makes the product that you chose in the country that you chose, you can use databases such as Business Market Research Collection , Business Source Ultimate , Hoovers , and Nexis Uni to look up the company and find its competitors. For more information about finding a company's competitors, see Finding a Company's Competitors .
Forecasted market and segment growth: See Business Research: Trends and Projections for tips on finding industry forecasts, including financial forecasts. If you're having trouble finding forecasts for the specific product that you chose, you may need to broaden your search to find forecasts for the broader category that includes the product that you chose (e.g., instead of looking for forecasts for incubators for babies, you may need to look for forecasts for medical devices/equipment).

You may be able to find relevant forecasts in Statista by running a search for your chosen product and country -- for example:

(Note that, unlike most other library databases, Statista uses an implied AND ; you shouldn't enter AND between search terms.)

You may also need to make educated inferences about the need for the product that you chose in the country that you chose based on the country's demographics. see Business Research: Finding Demographic or Psychographic Information for search tips.

Competitive edge: Since you need to discuss ways that your company could gain a competitive edge over other companies, one way to find an area where your company could stand out would be to look at SWOT analyses for some of the companies that you identified as being competitors to your company; the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that others have found for those companies should give you some ideas of how your company could set itself apart from the competition. To find companies’ SWOT analyses, see Business Research: SWOT Analysis
Value chain activity relocation: Use the course material and links in your classroom to help you decide which activity or activities from your company’s value chain you might want to relocate to your chosen country.
Legal business entity to market the chosen product in the chosen country: Use the course material and links in your classroom to help you determine the best mode of entry for introducing your chosen product to your chosen country.
Impact of the chosen country’s legal, ethical, and cultural standards on the company’s operations in the country: Use the course material and links in your classroom to help you understand how your company’s expansion to your chosen country might be affected by formal or informal structures in place in that country.

For additional information about starting or expanding a business into a particular country, you might also want to consult:

Santander's Establish Overseas guides and/or Analyze Markets guides
The World Bank’s Doing Business guides
Michigan State University’s globalEDGE country information
the International Monetary Fund’s country information
Lex Mundi’s Guides to Doing Business
the Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration’s Country Commercial Guides
Nexis Uni’s BMI Country Risk Reports
Statista's Country & Region Reports

You may also want to use databases such as ABI/INFORM Collection and Business Source Ultimate to search for articles that discuss the market for your chosen product in your chosen country or that discuss regulations that could affect how your product might fare in the country, etc. To do that, you can run searches such as:

[product] AND [country] AND market*
[product] AND [country] AND (customer* OR consumer* OR purchaser* OR buyer*)
[product] AND [country] AND (law* OR regulation*)

If you need further assistance with finding information for project 4, please Ask a Librarian .

If you have questions about the requirements for project 4, please contact your instructor.

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Yasin A Barre

The study aimed at determining the effect of strategic planning on financial performance of commercial bank in Mogadishu. The study was three objectives to examine the effect of goal setting on financial performance of commercial bank in Mogadishu, to identify the effect of generic strategies on financial performance of commercial bank in Mogadishu, to explain the effect of monitoring and evaluation on financial performance of commercial bank in Mogadishu A comprehensive literature review has been undertaken to understand various aspects of strategic planning as reviewed by other authors and researchers. The chapter has addressed the effects of goal setting on financial performance; effects of Generic strategies implementation on financial performance and effects of strategy monitoring and evaluation on financial performance Descriptive design was employed in the study. The population under study was 80 employees' working at two banks in Mogadishu IBS bank and Premier bank. Sample random sampling was used select the respondents into the study. A sample size of 67 participants was targeted in the study. The collection of primary data was facilitated through the use of questionnaires. The study found out that goal-setting was positive relationship with financial performance in commercial bank. The findings further indicated that there was a low positive correlation between goal-setting and financial performance (r=0.392; p=0.001). Generic strategies were low positive correlation between generic strategies and financial performance rated among the strategic planning of commercial bank (r=0.358; p=0.003). The study further found Strategic monitoring and evaluation was medium positive correlation with financial performance (r=0.608; p=0.000). In conclusion strategic planning have medium positive correlation of financial performance(r = .570; p=0.000) Since respondents agreed that strategic planning is more influenced factor in financial performance, researcher recommended giving them high effort, and Management of the institution is encouraged to enlarge their products and services to whole society.

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Top 100 MBA Project Topics [Updated 2024]