investment thesis plural

Investment Thesis: What It Is, How To Write One & Examples

An investment thesis formulates the characteristics and criteria that define a potentially profitable investment. It outlines the reasons behind the investment decision, including various criteria, financial outcomes, and strategies to manage risks. Essentially, it serves as a detailed plan for investors.  

What is an Investment Thesis?

An investment thesis serves as a strategic blueprint for investors, guiding their decisions and actions by providing the rationale behind their investment choices. Typically crafted by financial analysts, portfolio managers, or investment professionals, the process begins with a thorough assessment of market potential. This involves scrutinizing trends, growth forecasts, and demand dynamics to identify opportunities. The investment thesis validates the significance of these opportunities by highlighting unmet needs or areas of dissatisfaction within the market.

Furthermore, it quantifies potential gains through meticulous financial scrutiny, including revenue forecasts and return on investment assessments. Beyond identifying opportunities, the investment thesis also plays a crucial role in managing risks by employing risk management tactics such as diversification and contingency plans, helping investors navigate market fluctuations and operational hurdles effectively.

Key Takeaways

• An investment thesis defines the criteria for profitable investments, providing a detailed plan and rationale for investors.
• An investment thesis serves as a guiding framework for investment decisions, enhancing comprehension and facilitating well-informed choices.
• Key components of an investment thesis include identifying the investment opportunity, clarifying goals, evaluating viability and risks, and assessing growth potential.

Understanding the Investment Thesis

An investment thesis is akin to a detailed plan for potential investments, often formulated by finance experts. It entails extensive research and analysis to articulate investment ideas effectively. While typically authored by professionals such as venture capitalists or private equity firms, individuals may also develop their own. This document holds significant importance in facilitating well-informed investment decisions, aiding both investors and companies in evaluating opportunities such as stocks or acquisitions.

By elucidating the reasons for investment, the thesis serves as a guiding framework for investors’ decisions. It streamlines decision-making processes, enhances comprehension of underlying rationales, and provides a means for investors to gauge the performance of their investments. Moreover, an investment thesis functions as a roadmap, charting the course toward successful investments.

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How to write an Investment Thesis

Crafting an investment thesis is essential for all investors, whether individuals or professionals. An investment thesis serves as a guide for making choices, explaining the reasoning behind decisions, and providing a framework for assessing investment opportunities. Here is a simple guide with the most important steps for crafting a good investment thesis:

Examples of an Investment Thesis

Portfolio managers and investment companies frequently share their investment strategies on their websites. Here are three examples from prominent investors:

Andreessen Horowitz

Andreessen Horowitz, often referred to as a16z, is a prominent venture capital firm established in 2009 by Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz. Active in the private markets, the firm invests in various sectors including AI, healthcare, consumer goods, cryptocurrency, enterprise solutions, fintech, and gaming.

Their investment strategy revolves around observing consumer trends and investing where AI intersects with consumer products. They stress the importance of developing the right AI applications to attract funding, particularly in areas like productivity enhancement and specialized tasks.

In this example, the firm explores how Moore’s Law contrasts with Eroom's Law in healthcare costs. They propose leveraging AI to cut costs and enhance outcomes by gradually integrating it into workflows. Combining AI with life sciences advancements offers transformative opportunities, advocating for a gradual transition to revolutionize healthcare and life sciences. [1]

Goldman Sachs

Goldman Sachs is a global financial powerhouse operating in major financial hubs worldwide, offering services in investment banking, IPO underwriting, securities trading, wealth, and asset management.

The bank’s investment thesis has resulted in a $1 billion investment in companies led by diverse individuals through the “Launch With GS” program aimed at supporting diverse leadership. [2] Goldman Sach collaborates with clients to invest in diverse General Partners across various strategies and offers the Entrepreneur Cohort for growth, reflecting their commitment to diversity and inclusion for achieving strong investment returns and driving industry innovation. [3]

ARK Invest provides  ETFs focused on disruptive innovation like AI and blockchain. The firm remains committed to long-term growth, leveraging innovative strategies and deep research across various sectors, including cryptocurrencies.

The Ark Invest thesis revolves around disruptive innovation, targeting transformative technologies nearing tipping points. They focus on five innovation platforms: AI, Robotics, Energy Storage, DNA Sequencing, and Blockchain. Ark Invest’s approach blends top-down and bottom-up research for early innovation capture and long-term value creation. Emphasizing high-conviction bets, long-term investment, and industry focus, Ark Invest anticipates exponential growth to benefit from technological disruptions. [4]

What should be in an investment thesis?

As an important document, an investment thesis explains why an investment opportunity is expected to be profitable. It should include key components to thoroughly analyze and guide decision-making effectively. These 7 pieces of information are indispensable:

• The Investment in Question: Identify the reason and the investment opportunity under consideration.
• Investment Goal(s): Clarify the investment's aims and aspirations by defining its objectives and goals.
• Viability of the Investment: Evaluate the investment's potential, considering any favorable trends or factors.
• Potential Downsides and Risks: Address and analyze the risks associated with the investment, highlighting any potential challenges or drawbacks.
• Costs and Potential Returns: Evaluate the financial aspects of the investment, including costs, expected returns, and potential losses.
• Alignment with Intended Goals: Ensure that the investment aligns with the overall investment objectives and strategies.
• Growth Potential: Assess the growth prospects of the investment opportunity.

What is the difference between investment thesis and investment mandate?

An investment thesis is the reasoning behind an investment strategy, based on research and analysis, helping investors make informed decisions. Conversely, an investment mandate is a set of instructions given by an investor to a manager, guiding how to manage funds according to the investor’s goals, risk tolerance, and desired outcomes. Here are the key differences:

What is a trade thesis?

A trading thesis is essentially an idea or argument made by a trader or investor about a particular financial instrument, market or asset. This process explains the reasoning behind a trading decision, considering things like market trends, economic indicators, and technical or fundamental analysis. This thesis acts as a plan for understanding the reasons behind a trade and what factors are likely to influence its outcome, aiding in making informed decisions in financial markets. Having a clear trading thesis helps traders and investors clarify their strategy and evaluate the possible risks and rewards of a trade.

Article Source

• Andreessen Horowitz: “ AI at the Intersection: The a16z Investment Thesis on AI in Bio + Health ”
• Goldman Sachs: “ Launch With GS ”
• Goldman Sachs: “ Goldman Sachs Research ”
• Ark Invest: “ Big Ideas 2022 ”  

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What Is an Investment Thesis?

• Understanding the Thesis

Special Considerations

• What's Included?

The Bottom Line

• Portfolio Management

Investment Thesis: An Argument in Support of Investing Decisions

Charlene Rhinehart is a CPA , CFE, chair of an Illinois CPA Society committee, and has a degree in accounting and finance from DePaul University.

The term investment thesis refers to a reasoned argument for a particular investment strategy, backed up by research and analysis. Investment theses are commonly prepared by (and for) individual investors and businesses. These formal written documents may be prepared by analysts or other financial professionals for presentation to their clients.

Key Takeaways

• An investment thesis is a written document that recommends a new investment, based on research and analysis of its potential for profit.
• Individual investors can use this technique to investigate and select investments that meet their goals.
• Financial professionals use the investment thesis to pitch their ideas.

Understanding the Investment Thesis

As noted above, an investment thesis is a written document that provides information about a potential investment. It is a research- and analysis-based proposal that is usually drafted by an investment or financial professional to provide insight into investments and to pitch investment ideas. In some cases, the investor will draft their own investment thesis, as is the case with venture capitalists and private equity firms.

This thesis can be used as a strategic decision-making tool. Investors and companies can use a thesis to decide whether or not to pursue a particular investment, such as a stock or acquiring another company. Or it can be used as a way to look back and analyze why a particular decision was made in the first place—and whether it was the right one. Putting things in writing can have a huge impact on the direction of a potential investment.

Let's say an investor purchases a stock based on the investment thesis that the stock is undervalued . The thesis states that the investor plans to hold the stock for three years, during which its price will rise to reflect its true worth. At that point, the stock will be sold at a profit. A year later, the stock market crashes, and the investor's pick crashes with it. The investor recalls the investment thesis, relies on the integrity of its conclusions, and continues to hold the stock.

That is a sound strategy unless some event that is totally unexpected and entirely absent from the investment thesis occurs. Examples of these might include the 2007-2008 financial crisis or the Brexit vote that forced the United Kingdom out of the European Union (EU) in 2016. These were highly unexpected events, and they might affect someone's investment thesis.

If you think your investment thesis holds up, stick with it through thick and thin.

An investment thesis is generally formally documented, but there are no universal standards for the contents. Some require fast action and are not elaborate compositions. When a thesis concerns a big trend, such as a global macro perspective, the investment thesis may be well documented and might even include a fair amount of promotional materials for presentation to potential investing partners.

Portfolio management is now a science-based discipline, not unlike engineering or medicine. As in those fields, breakthroughs in basic theory, technology, and market structures continuously translate into improvements in products and in professional practices. The investment thesis has been strengthened with qualitative and quantitative methods that are now widely accepted.

As with any thesis, an idea may surface but it is methodical research that takes it from an abstract concept to a recommendation for action. In the world of investments, the thesis serves as a game plan.

What's Included in an Investment Thesis?

Although there's no industry standard, there are usually some common components to this document. Remember, an investment thesis is generally a proposal that is based on research and analysis. As such, it is meant to be a guide about the viability of a particular investment.

Most investment theses include (but aren't limited to) the following information:

• The investment in question
• The investment goal(s)
• Viability of the investment, including any trends that support the investment
• Potential downsides and risks that may be associated with the investment
• Costs and potential returns as well as any losses that may result

Some theses also try to answer some key questions, including:

• Does the investment align with the intended goal(s)?
• What could go wrong?
• What do the financial statements say?
• What is the growth potential of this investment?

Putting everything in writing can help investors make more informed decisions. For instance, a company's management team can use a thesis to decide whether or not to pursue the acquisition of a rival. The thesis may highlight whether the target's vision aligns with the acquirer or it may identify opportunities for growth in the market.

Keep in mind that the complexity of an investment thesis depends on the type of investor involved and the nature of the investment. So the investment thesis for a corporation looking to acquire a rival may be more in-depth and complicated compared to that of an individual investor who wants to develop an investment portfolio.

Examples of an Investment Thesis

Portfolio managers and investment companies often post information about their investment theses on their websites. The following are just two examples.

Morgan Stanley

Morgan Stanley ( MS ) is one of the world's leading financial services firms. It offers investment management services, investment banking, securities, and wealth management services. According to the company, it has five steps that make up its investment process, including idea generation, quality assessment, valuation, risk management , and portfolio construction.

When it comes to developing its investment thesis, the company tries to answer three questions as part of its quality assessment step:

• "Is the company a disruptor or is it insulated from disruptive change? 
• Does the company demonstrate financial strength with high returns on invested capital, high margins, strong cash conversion, low capital intensity and low leverage? 
• Are there environmental or social externalities not borne by the company, or governance and accounting risks that may alter the investment thesis?"

Connetic Ventures

Connetic Adventures is a venture capital firm that invests in early-stage companies. The company uses data to develop its investment thesis, which is made up of three pillars. According to its blog, there were three pillars or principles that contributed to Connetic's venture capital investment strategy. These included diversification, value, and follow-on—each of which comes with a pro and con.

Why Is an Investment Thesis Important?

An investment thesis is a written proposal or research-based analysis of why investors or companies should pursue an investment. In some cases, it may also serve as a historical guide as to whether the investment was a good move or not. Whatever the reason, an investment thesis allows investors to make better, more informed decisions about whether to put their money into a specific investment. This written document provides insight into what the investment is, the goals of the investment, any associated costs, the potential for returns, as well as any possible risks and losses that may result.

Who Should Have an Investment Thesis?

An investment thesis is important for anyone who wants to invest their money. Individual investors can use a thesis to decide whether to purchase stock in a particular company and what strategy they should use, whether it's a buy-and-hold strategy or one where they only have the stock for a short period of time. A company can craft its own investment thesis to help weigh out whether an acquisition or growth strategy is worthwhile.

How Do You Create an Investment Thesis?

It's important to put your investment thesis in writing. Seeing your proposal in print can help you make a better decision. When you're writing your investment thesis, be sure to be clear and concise. Make sure you do your research and include any facts and figures that can help you make your decision. Be sure to include your goals, the potential for upside, and any risks that you may come across. Try to ask and answer some key questions, including whether the investment meets your investment goals and what could go wrong if you go ahead with the deal.

It's always important to have a plan, especially when it comes to investing. After all, you are putting your money at risk. Having an investment thesis can help you make more informed decisions about whether a potential investment is worth your while. Make sure you put your thesis in writing and answer some key questions about your goals, costs, and potential outcomes. Having a concrete proposal in place can spell the difference between earning returns and losing all your money. And that's if your thesis supports the investment in the first place.

Harvard Business School. " Writing a Credible Investment Thesis ."

Lanturn. " What is an Investment Thesis and 3 Tips to Make One ."

Morgan Stanley. " Global Opportunity ."

Medium. " The Data That Built Our Fund's Investment Thesis ."

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The investment thesis explained: everything you need to know.

What's an investment thesis?

Key elements

Investment stage

Follow-on funds

Do your homework

Tailor your pitch

Be realistic

Embrace the long game

Highlight value

Prepare for investment

You've poured your heart and soul into your startup. Now you're ready to take the next big leap – securing venture capital (VC) funding. 

But here's the catch: VCs aren't just looking for great ideas. They're looking for great ideas that fit their specific investment strategy. 

Enter the investment thesis, which guides both how you select suitable VCs and how they decide whether you’re suitable for them.

Read on to uncover the ins and outs of investment theses, how they shape VC decisions, and how you can use this knowledge to your advantage when seeking funding for your company.

What is an investment fund thesis?

An investment thesis is a VC firm's core set of beliefs about the types of investments that will yield the best returns. It's a foundational philosophy that guides their investment decisions.

A typical investment thesis includes:

• Target sectors or technologies
• Preferred company stages (e.g., seed, early-stage, growth)
• Geographical focus
• Ideal company characteristics
• Market trends they believe will be important

The investment thesis informs how a VC firm evaluates opportunities, allocates its fund, and builds its portfolio. It's primarily based around the firm's expertise, market analysis, and predictions about future trends.

For companies trying to raise VC capital, effectively analysing and understanding a VC's investment thesis is an essential skill.

It helps you determine if your startup aligns with what the VC is looking for, increasing your chances of securing funding and building a productive long-term partnership. 

Not to mention, it will save you from wasting time pursuing the wrong VCs!

Key elements of an investment thesis

When researching VCs, here are the main components of their investment thesis to look out for:

1. Fund size

As noted, a fund's size significantly influences the types of investments it can make.

Larger funds need to write bigger checks and often target later-stage companies to move the needle on returns. Smaller funds typically focus on earlier stages, where smaller investments can yield outsized returns.

For example, a $500 million fund might focus on Series B and C rounds, while a $50 million fund might concentrate on seed and Series A investments.

2. Investment stage

VCs usually specialise in certain stages of a company's lifecycle.

Some VCs target smaller companies, offering smaller sums as low as £/$100K or less for early-stage, risky businesses. Others get involved once a business has raised seed and Series A funding.

Broadly speaking, early-stage VCs might be more comfortable with product risk and market uncertainty, while later-stage investors often look for proven traction and clear paths to profitability.

Again, this is often flexible. For example:

• AI startups have been raising immensely large seed and Series A funding, like the French company H, which recently raised $220 million months after its formation.
• US startup Safe Superintelligence Inc. similarly raised an eye-watering $1 billion despite having no product.

3. Industry focus

Many VCs specialise in specific industries or sectors where they have expertise or see particular potential. This could be broad (like "enterprise software") or niche (like "AI-powered fintech for SMEs").

Industry focus is often tied to the partners' backgrounds and the fund's thesis on where future growth opportunities lie.

For instance, a VC firm might focus on health tech because it believes in the sector's growth potential and has partnered with healthcare industry experience.

4. Geographic focus

Some VCs invest globally, while others focus on specific regions or even cities (this is common in US cities like San Francisco and New York).

This often aligns with where they have the strongest networks and can provide the most value beyond capital.

A VC's geographic focus might be influenced by factors like:

• Local ecosystem strength
• Regulatory environment
• Proximity for hands-on support
• Emerging market opportunities

5. Deal size and ownership targets

VCs typically have a range for their initial investments and targets for the percentage ownership they want to acquire.

This helps them manage their portfolio and ensure they have enough stake in their winners to drive fund returns.

For instance, a VC might aim to invest £/$2-5 million for a 15-20% ownership stake in their initial investment. This allows them to have meaningful influence while leaving room for future investors.

6. Follow-on strategy

Most VCs reserve capital to participate in future funding rounds of their portfolio companies. Understanding this provides insights into how they might support you beyond the initial investment.

Some VCs might reserve 50% or more of their fund for follow-on investments, while others might have a more limited follow-on strategy. This can impact how much support you can expect in future rounds.

Using this knowledge to approach VCs

VCs often see a company’s attempt to align with their thesis as a green flag. In fact, many say that failing to consider the thesis when reaching out to VCs is precisely how not to approach VCs. 

Josefa Marzo Pons from Kalonia Venture Partners explained:

If they have researched what kind of investments we make and it is a match it's a welcomed email.

Kate Brodock from Switch Futures similarly says:

You’d be shocked how many cold outreaches I get that are so clearly outside our thesis.

Here’s how to use your understanding of the thesis to increase your odds of VC outreach success:

1. Do your homework

Before reaching out to a VC, thoroughly research their investment thesis. This information is often available on their website or in interviews with the partners. As our friends at Connectd say:

The first step is always research. You need to have a clear understanding of the ecosystem, what kinds of investors are out there, and then decide who is best suited to your business.

2. Tailor your pitch

Highlight aspects of your startup that align with the VC's thesis. Show them why you're a perfect fit for their portfolio. Our free pitch deck template should put you in good stead.

3. Be realistic

If your startup doesn't align with a VC's thesis, it's probably not worth your time to pitch them. Focus on VCs whose theses match your profile.

4. Understand their perspective

When a VC asks questions or raises concerns, try to view it through the lens of their investment thesis. Are they trying to determine if you fit their strategy?

5. Prepare for the long game

VCs think in terms of fund lifecycles (typically 10 years). Be prepared to discuss your long-term vision and how it aligns with their thesis.

6. Highlight the value you bring

VCs are looking for companies that can provide outsized returns. Emphasise how your startup fits into their thesis in a way that could drive significant value.

A mutual fit matters

Ultimately, securing VC funding isn't just about the cash. It's about entering into a long-term partnership.

The VC's investment thesis should align not just with your current state, but with your long-term vision and goals.

Don't be afraid to ask VCs about their thesis and how they see your company fitting into their portfolio.

This demonstrates your savviness as a founder and helps ensure that any partnership you enter is built on mutual understanding and aligned interests.

The long and short of it is that:

It's not about impressing every VC out there but finding the ones whose investment thesis matches your startup's potential, saving you time and energy in the process. 

Prepare your company for investment with Vestd

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Our platform simplifies cap tables , share issues, and vesting schedules, letting you focus on what matters most – growing your business. 

Give Vestd a try for free and see how we can streamline your equity admin while you work on impressing those perfectly-matched VCs.

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English Teacher Site

Whats the Plural of Thesis: Understanding Singular and Plural Forms

• The plural of “thesis” adheres to the Greek-rooted pattern, changing the singular -is to a plural -es.
• Accurate use of “thesis” and “theses” reflects scholarly precision in both written and oral communication.
• Awareness of correct pluralization extends to other similar nouns ending in -sis, emphasizing the importance of understanding language origins.

It is crucial to use the word correctly in both singular and plural contexts to maintain the integrity of written and spoken communication. In the realm of academics, precision in language reflects the rigor of one’s research and argumentation. As such, understanding the transformation from “thesis” to its plural counterpart is more than a trivial detail; it reflects a deeper appreciation for the structure and history of the English language.

Table of Contents

What’s the Plural of Thesis?

The proper plural of thesis is “theses.” This transformation is part of a broader pattern in the English language where certain nouns change their ending to reflect a plural state.

Below, a comparison is made to illustrate the standard singular to plural transformation for nouns ending in -is:

Key Points about the pluralization of “thesis”:

• The plural follows a specific rule of changing the ‘-is’ ending to ‘-es’.
• This pattern is consistent with other Greek-derived words.
• The pronunciation changes with the plural form, ending in “-eez.”

To clarify usage, consider these examples:

• Singular: The student’s thesis was commended for its clarity.
• Plural: The professor read all the submitted theses before the conference.

Singular Form of Thesis

The singular form of ‘thesis’ is of notable interest due to its origins and distinct pluralization.

Origination and Definition:

• Etymology : Derived from the ancient Greek word τίθημι (tithēmi), which means “to put” or “to place.”
• Meaning : It is a statement or theory put forward to be maintained or proved.

Usage in Academia:

• A significant piece of writing prepared by a student to obtain a university degree or diploma.
• Often involves original research and substantiates a particular view or argument.

Table 1: Notable Features of ‘Thesis’

Table 2: Contextual Examples

Definition of Thesis

A thesis is a substantial piece of scholarly writing that is typically required to obtain a master’s or doctoral degree. It represents the author’s research and findings in their chosen field of study. A thesis serves as evidence that the student has acquired the knowledge necessary to be considered a scholar in the field. Here, two key aspects of a thesis will be described through tables:

Purpose and Composition of a Thesis:

Characteristics of a Thesis:

• Focused : It should have a clear, concise premise or central argument.
• Researched : Employs rigorous methodologies to gather and analyze data.
• Structured : Contains defined sections that present information logically.
• Cited : Includes proper citations of sources that support or contrast the thesis.
• Reviewed : Undergoes scrutiny by academic peers or supervisors.

Other Irregular Plural Nouns Ending in -sis/ses

Below you will find two tables categorized by common and less common irregular plurals that follow this pattern.

Common Irregular Plurals:

This pattern is often observed with words that have Greek origins.

Less Common Irregular Plurals:

It is important to recognize these forms to maintain grammatical accuracy in writing and speech. Below is a list of examples used in sentences:

• When multiple scientific hypotheses are tested, the results can lead to important discoveries.
• During the editing process, Jane had to review all the parentheses to ensure clarity in her writing.
• Geographers study multiple oases in the desert to understand these unique ecosystems.
• His thesis on renewable energy was well-received, and many theses on the subject reference his work.

Examples of Thesis (Singular) in Sentences

Here are examples that demonstrate its usage in various sentences.

In Academic Context

In everyday discourse.

Informal setting : During the debate, his thesis was that space exploration is no longer just a dream but a necessity.

• Discussing beliefs : Her thesis is that all public spaces should offer free Wi-Fi.
• Opinion : They argued the thesis that high taxes discourage spending.

Examples of Theses (Plural) in Sentences

Here are some examples of how “theses” can be used in sentences:

Education Setting : Graduate students often struggle to find unique topics for their theses as most ideas have been extensively explored.

• Evaluating the structure and arguments of different theses can help one build a stronger dissertation.

Origin of the Word Thesis

The term thesis originates from the ancient Greek word θέσις (thésis), which means “a proposition” . Historically, this term has played a crucial role in both rhetorical and academic contexts. It denotes a statement that a writer intends to support and prove. In academic circles, thesis often refers to a document that presents the author’s research and findings and is submitted in support of candidature for a degree or professional qualification.

Etymological Background

The journey of the word from its Greek roots to the modern English language reflects the changing dynamics of educational and scholarly practices over the centuries.

As a carryover from Greek to Latin, the word made its way into English, maintaining its original Greek plural form:

Usage in Academia

In academia, the word has been used since the late Middle Ages to denote a scholarly work written by students aiming to obtain a university degree. Over time, the use of thesis expanded from merely referring to a proposition to a lengthy document providing evidence of comprehensive research.

Historical Evolution:

• Middle Ages : Referred to propositions for a degree.
• Renaissance : Emphasized individual research.
• Modern Usage : Extensive research documents for higher education degrees.

Areas of Impact:

• Rhetoric : Considered as a premise to be argued.
• Academic Research : Reflects comprehensive study in a field.

My name is Khamis Maiouf. I am the creator of the English Teacher Site, dedicated to providing valuable resources and insights for students around the world. With a passion for education and a commitment to helping students enhance their skills, I aim to make English teaching more effective and enjoyable for both educators and students.

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Plural of Thesis

What is the plural of thesis.

The Quick Answer

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Are You Good at Plurals?

The standard rules for forming the plurals, why is there confusion over the plural of thesis.

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